STAIRS.
, • _—••
Put midnight! not • sound of aught -
Through the silent house bet time wind at him
mien,
I mat limp the Aetna» and thought
tau deg& dog, woman up stills.
EIZ3
Nobody with so say won't' to keep
Dal the lend only boom, the wan I lent
Aad bla trier Lath snake. to troabledsleep
Is sky otessiflit .bore. •
No other soul to that owmtry
.No °thee that knew of my loss beside.'
Bat the wood 'vie,: Meal with the •Itayhael
Amy •
Who oentewed her when she died.
Oa her *old, dead bosom my portrait Ike,
Which nest to her bead she used th wear,
Haunting it o'er with her tender eyW,
When my own free was not there.
And I mad, "The thing a parolees to met •
They will buy tar sooa ha the moroh•lard
clay;
It Item on bit heart, mat lost most be
qz do not tab It away.'!
80. thinking this tbowght, I groped my way,
will, maps made soft by the the carpeted
goon,
To the ehamber dim where any darling lay,
And' pushed aside hselloor.
I 'Watched forth my hand, with bated breath,
And drew the closed curtain. apart;
I dared not lwk on the Ince of
I knew where to And her heart. 41.
I thought, at lirst,,at my touch fell then;
It had warmed that bMWto life with love;
For the thing I touched was wane. I ■wear,
dud I could feel It mare.
Twos the hand of a man that was am{ img plop
(Ear the heart of the the dead—from the other
slde ;
And at onee the sweat broke over my brow,
"Who is robbing the coGu?" I cried.
Aires. the bed, by the taper'. lig . ht
The Mind or my bosom, the m►► I loved,
Stood over the corps" and all as white.
And neither of us moved.
"What do 7oy,b►n, my friend?" Th• moo
Looked first .d me and then it the deed:
"Then is a portrstt bare," he Irosalit
"There Ix. It is mine," I said.
Said the friend of my bosom, "Yours, no doubt
The portrait wee, till • month ago,
Witap this suffering took ,►oars oat
off plseed mill,' there, I know."
"Tide woman, she loved me well,"wid I,
"A month ago," laid my friend to me.
"And in your throat," I gasped, "you lid'
Us towered, "Let ne see."
We found the portrait there In Its place;
We opened it by the Leper's , shine;
the gem. WIT. all unchanged ; the lace
I Was--.—nelther hts nor mine."
One Dail &tree out another, at least!
"The face of the portrait there," I cried,
"Ie ear friend's, the Raphedl.feeed young priest,
Who tonfeseed her when she died."
DESERTED
The river d 0411114 with the light on Its breast,
And the were. were eddying by,
And the round, red sun went down In the West,
When my love's loving lipe to my lips were
pressed,
Under the evening sky ;
Now weeping alone by the river bnotpty,
For my love bee left me Ibis many a day—
Loft n • to droop and die.
AP the river flowed then the river flows gill
in riula, mod foam, and epray,
On by the oherob, and mend by the bill,
And ender the stoke by the of burnt oda,
And out to the forting day
Bet r love It pastors, for delight grows
bold
When the eons I. sung and the tee is told
And the he, given away.
0 river I rub fa; 0 river: run tart;
0 weeda l fleet on to the see ;
For the MO has gone down op my beautiful past.
And ►he hotel, that like breed on the waters I
cast,
Have drifted a 1.. ), like thee'
So the dream hr fled, and the day it Is done,
And my lips will murmur the name of one
Who will never come back to me
—Exchange
PRESIDENT JOHNSON'S MESSACE
Fellose-ettizena of the Senate and linnet. • of
Rrp,„ tansss :
After a brief interval the Congreelof the
United States resumes its annual legisla.
tics labors. An all wise and mersiful Vrov
ideal's has abated the pestilence which vis-
Ited our show's, leaving its calamitous traces
upon some portions of our aountry. react!'
order, tranquility, and civilsuthorlty haie
beep fsvmally deolareil to exist throughout
the whole of the United Staten In all of
_the Slates civil authority has superseded the
coercion of arms, and the people, by - thei r
'voluntary action, are maintaining their
governments in full activity and oomplete
operation. Th• enforcement of the laws Is
no longer obstructed in any Stale by com
binations too powerful to be 'suppressed by
the ordinary course of Judicial proceedings;"
and the animosities engendered by the war
are rapidly yieljling to the beneficent influ
ences of our free institutions, end to the
kindly effects of udreetricted 'octal and
commercial intercourse. An entirereslora
lion of fraternal-feeling must be the ee`oeat
wish of every pstriotio heart; and we will
have accomplished our grandest national
achievement when, forgetting the sad events
of the past, and remembering only their in
structive lessons, we resume our onward
terser as a free, prosperous, and united
people.
In my message of the 4th of December,
1866, Congress was informed of the meas
ures s blob had been instituted by the Ex.
unitive with a view to the gradual restore
: lion of the States In which the insurrection
ocouiced to their relations with the General
Government. Provisional Governors had
been appointed, Convention, called, Govern.
ors elected, Legislatures eeeembled, and
Senators and Representatives chosen to the
C,ngreu of the United Stale.. Courts had
bees opened for the enforcement of laws
long in abeyance. The blockade had been
removed, custom-houses re-established, and
the 'internal revenue laws put in force, in
order that the people might contribute to
the national lissome. Postal operations had
been renewed, and efforts were being made'
to restore them to their former contition or
effloteney. The Statei.themselves bed been
asked to take part in the high function of
amending the Constitution, and of thus
sanctioning the extinction of African slav
ery ae one or the legitimate results of our
'mermaid's' struggle.
Having progressed thus far, the Execu
tive Department (mind that it hyd aocom.
pliehed nearly all that was .`thin the scope
of its constitutional authority. One thing,
however. yet remained to be done before the
work of Matoration could be completed, and
that was the admisaion to Congress of loyal
Senators and Representatives from the
BIMINI whom; people bad rebelled ageinst
the lawful anthority'ef the General Govern
ment. This question disvithred upon the re.
epoctlve Genies, which, by. the Constitution,
are made the judges of the eleetione, re
turns, and qualifications of their with mem
bers; and he consideration at once engaged
the attention of Congress. V
In the muntime, the Executive pepart
nteW—no ether plan having been proposed
by 03ngroes—continued its efforts to perfect
as far e.g was praotioable, the restoration of
the pretty rotations between the citizens of
the rapeetive Stales, the States, and the
Federal Government, extending, from time
to time, es the public interomle seemed to
require, the judicial, .venue, end To pa
system* of A. eountry., With the advise
and souses* of the Sessts, the flummery
almin peen appointed, and appropriations
made by Congress for the payment of their
salaries. the proposition to amend the
Federal ,0601ffIllatiete, Ito en to prevent the
easterse•erdimeowthlthe She Ihtheillatee
. t ,, .
h ....„, ~._ •
—4 • ,e. .
e • , -...., , . .
CO - s : ri. 1 11 tmertillit ('ll4lth,
MEI
VOL. XI
sr any piece subject to their jufisdiction,
tees ratified by the requisite -embitter of
Stales; and on the 18th day of December,
1865, it was officially declared ,to have be
come valid as' R.pag of the Constitution of
the United States. All of the Staley in
which the insurrection bad existed prompt.
ly emended their Constitutions,so as to melte
them conform I,puthegreat chimp, thus ef
fected in the organic levier the,iond ; de
clared null And_iniii.allectiinenenresid-laws
of seceselon ; repudiated all pretended dehts
and obligations created for the revolution
cry pbrposes of the insurrection; and pro
ceedeitin good faith theenactment of meas
ures for the protection and amelioration of
the condition of the ooloiedr-ce. Congress,
however, yet hesitated io . admit any of these
States to .representation : and .it wee not
until towards the close of the eleith month
of the session that an exception was made
in favor of- Tennessee. by the admission of
her &axiom. and Representatives
I Ore? if If subject of profound regret
that Congress has thus far failed to adente
seats loyal Senators and Representatives
from the other State., whose inhabitants,
with those of Tenneseep, had enrolled in
the rebellion. Ten States—more than one
fourth of the whole number—remain with
out representation ; the seat. of fifty mem
ber. in the House of Represenintires and of
twenty member. in the Senate are yet va.
cant—not by their own consent, not by u,
failure of election, but by the refusal of
Congress to accept their credentials. Their
admissiun.it is believed, would have room
;dished much towards the renew
strengthening of our relation as one le,
and removed serious cause for dieconte4
on the pert of Ibis
States. It would have accorded with the
great principle enunciated is the Declara
tion of American Independence, that no
poople ought to bear the burden of taxation
and yet be denied the right of representa
tion. It wonli have been iu consonance.
with the express provisions of the Constitu
tion, that "each State shall base at least
one Representative," and " that no State,
without its consent, shall be deprived of its
equal suffrage in the Senate. Those pro
visions were intended to secure to every
Stale, and to the people of every Stole, the
right of representation in each House of
Congress; and pehpoporfant was it deemed
by the frameri s of. the Coast itution that the
equality of the Stites in the Senate eliould
be preserved, that not even by an amend
melt if the Constitution can any Stele,
- wit out V. consent, he denied a voice
in that branch of t the National Legisla
ture.
—E,rAasege
It is true, it has been assumed Nat the
4;Jistence of the States woe tecminated by
Olen rebellious acts 'of their inhabitants. and
aat the insurrection boning beensuppTerel
ed, they ware thenceforward lobe consid
ered merely as conquered territories The
Legislative, Executive it'd Judicial Depart- ,
mental of the Oovernment have, however.
with great distinctness and uniform eunSie.
tency, refused to sanction en assumption
so Incompatitkle with the nature of our re
publican system, andorith the professed
objects of the war. Tbroughout the recent
egislation of Congress, the undeniable fact
makes itself apparent, that thee, ten
politi
cal communities are nothing less than States
of this Union. At the very commencement
of the rebellion, each Blouse declared, with
a unanimity at remarkable as It was signifi
cant, that the war was net "waged; upon
our part, in any spirit of oppreeeion,nor for
any purpose of conquest or subjugation nor
purponeofoverthrowing or interfereing with
the rights or established institutions of
those Stales, but to defend and maintain
the supremacy of the Constitution and all
Iturs made in pursuance thereof, and to pre
serve the Union with all the dignity, equal
ity, and rights of the invent' States unim
paired! and that as soon es these objects
were accomplished the war ought to'cesse.'
In some instances Senators were permitted
to continue their legislative funcfions,whlie
in other instances Representatives 'Mere
elected and admitted to seats after thei r
States had formally declared their tight to
withdraw from the Union, and were endeav
oring to maintain that right by force of
arms All of the States whore people wefic
in Insurrection, as State!, were included in
the apportionment of the direct tax of twen
ty millions of dollars annually laid upon
the United' States by the set Approved 6th
of August, 1861. Congress, by the act of
March 4th, 1862, and by the apportionment
bf representation thereunder, Who recognis
ed their presence as Stales in n = :
and they have...4T judlltabpo , en
divided into Bistilots, as States alone cen
be divided. The same ,reeognition.appe! . its
in the recent legislation In reference to
Tennessee, which evidently rests ti - pociithe
fact that the functions of the State were not
destroyed by the rebellion. but merely sus
pended ; and that principle Is of course ap
plicable to those States which, like Tenses-
Nee, attempted to renounce their places in
the Union.
The action of the Executive Department
of the Government upon this subject has
been equally 4ifinlte ■nd uniform, and the
purpose of the war woe specifically slated
in the troelstnation tutted by my predeces.
sor on the 224 day of September, 1862. It
wee then solemnly proclaimed and deolared
that " hereafter, as heretofore, the war will
be prosecuted for the object of practically
restoring the constitutional relation tetween
the United States. and each of tbo States
■nd the people thereof, in whieh States
that relation le or may be suspended or dis
turbed."
The recognition of the Stoles by the Ju.
dicta] Department of the Oovernment has
also been clear and conclusive in all pro.
crodingie affecting them se Staten, had in
the Supreme. Circuit and District Courts.
In the admiesiot of Senators and Repre
sentatives from any and ell of the States,
there can be no just ground of apprehension
that person. who are disloyel will be cloth
ed with the powers of legislation; for this
could not happen when the Consitt tattoo and
the laws are enforced by a vigilant 'pad
faltbfkl Congrees. Bask Hone. is make the
jpdge of the eleolicotsreturna..and %not
ifications of De OWII members, ' and may.
*. with the 000eurrenee of two-Thirds, expel
a mentben" Whoa a Seimlor or Represses
tally, promote Ile coil/est* of ideation be,
may at own bar admitted or rejected; or
should then be any question as to hie elig
ibility, hie aredeatlide mayk. referred for
laveatigatloo to the appropliste otamoddeo
If adolditill to s od, it mai Ite area ,iIL
dance sattafneteVy to the Ilottoe'of which he
thus becomes a member, that he po
the requisite Constitutional end legal until
ifleatlons. If refused admission as a mem
her for want of the allegiance, to the Gov
eminent, end returned to Lie constituents,
they are admonished that none but persons
loyal to the United Stoles will be allowed a
voice in the Legislative Councils of the nn•
Gott, and the political power and moral in.
influence of Congress are thus effee
exerted in the Interests of loyalty to the
Government and fidelity to the Union. Upon
this pest ion, eci vitally affecting the rector
■lion of .the Union nod the permanency of
our present form of government, ray Connie
lions, heretofore expresses], have undergone
no change; but, on the contrary, thrill-cor
rectness has been:confirmed by reflection
end time. If the admission of loyal mem
bers to seats in the 'respective !lemma of
Congeals was wise and expedient a year
ago, it in no less wine and expedient now
If thin anomalous conditiOn is right nowL
if, in the exact condition of these Stolen nt
the present time, it is lawful to exclude
them from representation, I do not see that
the question w II be changed by the efflux
of limo. Ten yeers hence, if theme States
remain 4 they are, the right of represents'
lion will be no stronger—the right of exclu
lion will be no weaker
The Constitution of the United Stoles
makes ti the duty of the President to rec
ommend to the considernlion of Congress
•• such mensuresns be 0411 judge necessary
or expedient " I know of no measure more
imperatively-depionded by every considern
lion of notional Interest, sound policy, and
equxi[jusiiire, Ginn the admission of loyal
enembtes from the how unrepresented Slates -
This would comminmate the work of rester.
Mien. and exert a most sanatory influence
in the re-establishment of pence, harmony
and fraternal feeling. It would lend greatly
to renew the confidence of the Amerieon
people in the vigor and stability of their
institutions. It would bind us more closely
together as n nation, end ramble us to show
to the world the inherent nod recuperative
power of a Government founded open the
will of the people, and established upon the
principle! of libertyjustmeand intelligence.
Our increneed strength ond entitle° d prosper,
ily would irrefragably demonstrate the Macy
of the arguments agninst free institutions
drawn from our recentmational disordo s
the enemies of republican government The
admission of loyal members from the States
now excluded from Congress by allaying
doubt and apprehension, would turn capitol,
now awaiting nn opportunity for invest
ment: into the channel. of trade and indus
try. It would alleviate the• present condi
tion of those States, nod, by inducing emi
gration, aid in the settlement of fertile
rwstOtrns now uncultivoted, and lend to nn
increase production of those staples which
have added so greatly to the wealth of the
nation and the commerce of the world
New fields-of enterprise would be opened to
our progressive people, and soon the devils
lions of war would be repaired, and all
traces of our domestic differences effaced
from the mind of our countrymen.
In our efforts to preserve " the unity of
Government which constitutes its one peo
ple,'' by restoring the Stoics to the condi
tion which they held prior to the rebellion,
we should he cautious, lest, basil% rescued
our nation from perils of threatened disin
tegration, we resort to consolidation, and in
the end absolute despoil:lh, as a remedy for
the recurrence of similar trouble's The war
having terminated, and with it all occasion
for the exercise of powers of doubtful con
atitutionalitin tee should hasten to bring
legislation within the boundaries prescribed
by the Constitution, and to worn co the
ancient landmarks esinblislicd by ouriratt•
era for the guidance of succeeding genera
tions. "The Constitution which at any
time exists, until changed by an explicit
and authentic act of the whol;Iple, is
sacredly obligatory upon all." •. ,In the
opinion of the people, the distribution or
modification of the constitutional powers be,
in any particular wrong; let it be corrected
by an amendment In the way in which the
Constitution designates But let there lie
no change by usurpation, for it is the cus
tomary weapon by which free Governments
are destroyed." Washington spoke these
words to his countrymen when, follpWed by
their love and gratitude, he voluntarily re
tired fr.m the cores of public life. '• To
keepin all things within the mile of our
constitutional_powers, and chei Mt the Fee
ern! Union as the only rook o‘eafety," were I I
prescribed by Jefferson as rules of action t •
endear to his orkintryifien the true prl'hcipres
of their Constitution. and promote it union
of sentiment and action equally nimpicious
to their boppiness and safety. Jackson held
that the action of the General Government
should always be strictly confined to the
sphere of ft 1 appropriate duties, andlustly
And forcibly. urged that our Cloverdnahn
not to be maintained nor our Union pee
d by "invasions of the rights and pow•
ern of the several States. In thus attempt
ing to make our General Goverrimeet strong,
we make if week. Its true strength consists
in leaving individuals and Staten as much
as possible to themselves; in making itself
felt, nor in its power, but in itebeneficenae;
not in its cord:rot, but in its protection ; not
in binding the States more closely to the
6entre. but leaving midi to norm nobetruct •
ed in its proper constitutional orbit " These
are the teaching of min w lines deeds and
services haver' them illust rloue, end who,
long Melee 'Withdrawn fro no scene. of life,
have left in their country the rich legacy of
their example, their clad cm, and their pa
triotism. Drawing fresh inspiration frogs
their lessons, let thl'entulais them in love of
country and respect Ibr the ConittlAnlim
and the laws.
The report of the e moronity of the Treas
ury affords much lof mention respecting the
reverate and oommer we of the country. Ills
views upon the curcenoyAnd with reference
to a proper ajostment of our eeeee uo sys
tem, internal as wall U. impost, are com
mended to the earwfuloinsideration of Con.
grew. In my WA annual message I es
pram& my rearsl views upon these
subjects. I 14 " sow OTtly all attention
to the necessity of oar rylni into every tie.
parimeut et the. Clore nament & system of
rigid sammentebilisy, _thorough retrench.
mast, sad wise manes oy. With no sun:
donut nor onnaust spitting/In, the op.
pressive burdens of to tattoo can' be lomened
by sash A asodilleseiel' of our indolent" Mess
se slit be sessisiess silk the rob*, flab,
ly7'L7TrWrrr'^"Wri
BELLEFONTE, PA., 'FRIDAY, DECEMBER 14, 1866
and the legitimsto and necessary wants of
the Government.
The report presents a mac* more rit is
facinry condition of our fin. eel thati one
year ego the most sanguine could have an
licit, 'bed. -During the'fiseal year ending
the 110th dune, 1865, the last y ear of the
war, the public debt was increased $9
'0ft..,587, and on the 31st of October, 1865,
it amounted to $2,740,854.750. 'l4O l / 4. the
Hat - day- of — October, 1800, it boil beet, to
dotted to $.4,551,310,006,' the diminution
during a period of foorteen months, coin
menciAg Eteptember I, 1865, 'and ending
October 31, 1866, having been $2 1 16,370,-
565 In the last annual report-on the stale
.of I he finances, it was estimated that during
ibe throe quarters of the fiscal year , ending
the 311111 of Juno last,4 he debt would tie in
creased $112,101 SIT. During that period.
however, it was reduced ,$31,106,387, the
receipts of the year having been $89,005.-
005, more, and the expenditures $200,520,-
235 leos than thn estimates Notting could
more clearly indicate than these statement
the extent sinl availability of the national
resource:, and the rapidity and safety with
which, under our form of Ooveriimetil,
great mil:nary end naval establislimenis
_can be disbanded, and expenses reduced
teem a war to a peace tooting%
During the fiecnl year ending the of 30,June,
1866, the receipts were $558,042,6211„ and
nine expenoin !ores 5i20,7;i11,910. leaving In
available poi plug ef•tn,7,281,680 It is ex
I hunted that the feeniptis for tiT fiscal jeir
ending the 3011, of.liine,lBoB,oSll be $113,-
001.880, nod that the expenditures will
reach tile sum of $.116,428,078, leaving tri
the Tieasury a surplus of $158,1133,308.
For the fiscal year ending June 30, 1868, it
is estimated that the receipts will amount
to 43600,000. and that the expendienres
will be $330.247,011--showiug net excess of
$85.752,330 in favor of the Government
Thtre estimated receipts may be diminish
ed by a reduction of excise and import
duties ; but after all necessary reductions
shall have been made, the revenue of the
present and of following years will doubt-
es tic sufficient to cover nit Ingitininie
charges upon the Trentury,nnd lance a large
annual surplus to he applied to the payment
of the principnl of the 'debt. There seems
now to be no good reason why taxes may
not Le reduced as tbd.Copelry Iftrettriee, in
population and wealth. nn4 yet the debt be
extinguished within the Onst quarter of a
century.
The report of the St eretary of War fur
niehee velunble and important informetten.
in reference to the operation• of Iti• repert
ment during the pest year Few volunteers
now remain in the service, end they are be
ing divetuagell no rapidly as they con he
replaced by regular troops The army has
been promptly paid, carefully provided
with niedicril treniment, well sheltered and
eubsisted, and is to' be furnished with
breech-londtng small Arms The millitary
strength of the nation has been unimpaired
ty the discherge of volunteers, the distio.
'hum of unserviceable or perishable stores,
and the retrenchment of e-rrenditore. -Suf
ficient war materiel to meet any emergency
boa been retained, and, from the disbanded
volunteers mending ready to respond to the
national call, large armies can be rap.dly
orgnnized, equipped, and concentrated
Fortifications on the coast and frontier have
received, or are being ,prepared fc r more
powerful armaments"; lake purveys and liar
bor and river improvements are in course
of energetic prosecution. Preparations
have been made for the payment of the
iittientil bounties nuthorized during the re
cent Session of Congress, under such reau-
Wiens as . will protect the Government fsorri
fraud, end secure to the honorably dinette,
ged soldier the well-earned reward oftis
faithfUlness and gal/entry More than vie
Chi:maned maimed soldiers have received
artificial limbs or other surgical Amami.;
and forty-one national cemeteries, contain
ing the remains of 101,526 Union soldiers,
have already been esitiblished. The total
estimabve of military nyipropriations is $25,-
205,600.
It is or slid in the report of the Secretory
of Om Nat that the noval force at this time
consists t. f two [milked and seventy eight
vessels, or mod what two lhou•nnd three
ha wired and fitly one guns. Ot these, one
hundred sari fifteen vessels, carrying one
thousands and twenty-nine guns, are in
commission,d isisibued chiefly among seven
squadrons The number of men in the ser
vice is thirteen thousand six hundred.
Great nctivity and vigilance have been dm
ployed by all Ilse equodrens,n.id their move
men's have been judiciously and efficiently.,
arrnoged in such manner as would beet
promote American commerce, and protect
the rights and interests of our countrymen
abroad. The ves•els unemployed are nit.
dergoing repairs, or are laid up until their
services magigiorepuited Most of the iron
led fleet hitt League Island, the vim i
ty of Philadelphia, a place which ant ih
decisive action should be taken by Congress.
wen selected by the Secretary of the Navy
as the moat e ligible location fur that class
of vessels. It is important that's suitable
puhlie station shonld be provided for the
iron clad fleet. h is intended that Oboe
Is shill be in proper condition for any
emergency, and It is desirable that this
bill oceepecting Leretti, IstioiLfojo naval
purposes, which passed the House of Rep
resentatives at its last session, should re
ceive 0 oil action at en early period, In or
der th nt ibe•e May be a suitable public eta•
lion for this Gloss of Is, all well as a
nevx-yard 'of area euffieient for the wants
of tbro service, on the Delaware river. The
Naval Pension fund amouLts to $11,750,•
000, having been increased $2,750,000 du
ring the year. The erpenditures of the
Deph rliasenPfor -.Wee fiscal year ending ..30t
Judo - list were $43,324,526 and the estimat
es for the nom tog year amount to $2850,-
488. Attention is invited to the
_condition
of our seamen, and the importance of legig4
helve measures for their relief and improvt,
ment. The iuggentions In behalf of this de
serving class of one re Row-citizens are ear
nestly recommended to the favorableAtten
lion of Congress.
• The report of the Post muter Goneral pre
stints a most satisfantory condition of the
postal sershie, and. submits recommends..
lions which d the consideration of
Oongress. The revenues of the Departsoeat
for lite year ending Juno 80, 1880. were
$14,886,988, and the expenditures $16,164.:.
070.etsowing an excess of the latter 0f $/06,-
088.• to anticipation of Ibis del)aiencjliew
ererr a vista' appropriation% was ilmid•
Congress in the act approved J tly 28,1808
Including the mending ;appropriation of
$700,000 for free mail matter, as n legiti
mato portion of die revenues yet remaining
rfxpendeel, the actual deficiency I. 'Flie
poet year is only $2674.0i03—a sins wtiltin
$51,111 of the amount estimated in the an
noel report of 1404 The deerone of rove
nue compared with the pre, ious ) ear woe
pine and one filth per cent , and the increase
of expetelitur,, owing princip illy to the
enlargement attic hoolservicatiti the :4001h,
woe twelve 4,er cent. On the 3uih of June
lost Oen, were in operation stx thousand
nine hundred and thirty mittl routes, with
an egyregate length of one Isunilred•ond
eighty thousand nine hundred anti twenty
one 'mice, an aggregate annual transport,
tu, of seventy one intlliton eight hundred
mad thirty seven thousand nine !teethed and
fourteen miles. and nn aggregate mutual
coat, ineholing all expel allures, of !....0,41ii,
181. The length of roi: ron.ll ettate.r tfi
thirty two Iltotmond and ninety two miles,
rind the annual transport:vino :Orly million
six 'intited and nine thousand four bun-
tired and sixty seven miles The length of
steamboat routes in fourteen thousand three
hundred and lorry nix tulles, mid the an
111.1 , 11ran4po.taLion three ni ill four bun
died and el,:ven thousand nine hundred utol
istxty - tivo k. Iles The tit ail sei vim , Is toy
Idly increasing throughout the whole coun
try, nod 114 Pll..illy exi.ti•tott in the Sow)/
era Sintes indreatell their ehliStaillby Ifo
proving .Mit. The growing ilOrnirtnee
of the foreign set vice alto merits attention
The that Office dip. linen( of ()real lint
atu and our own hale netted upon Ft pre
11;iinory ba.is for n new Postal ('invent ton,
which it to believed will prior eminently
beneficial to the commercial intereAs of the
United Slates, inasmuch 114 It eont.inplrtle9
rt reilllClloll of the international letter pOst
age to one-half the exist lag roes ; a reduc
tion of potQage with a I other Countries to
and from waloh correspondence is transmit
ted,in the Ilritt•h mlil, Or 111100. Fed ;undo
through the United Kingdom ; the estab
lishment of uniform and rensonable chergesi
lot the sea mot territorial Ironed of corres
pondence in closed mails ; and nn 111)0,,
once to ouch Post °thee Deportment of the
right to ore nil amid CM JJJJ inicattove esuib
ie
leshed,under the 11.111liarity of 1 oilier Our
Ole dispritch of corresponden , either in
Open or eloseil !nails, in the me terms tin
those applicable to the 101 l itants of the
country providing the moans of transporta
tion.
Inc,T report. of the Secretary of the inte
rior exhibits the condition of those blanch
es of the public service which ore CUIIIIIIII 7
led to 1110 supervision. During the lost fis
cal xerr four tar nix hundred and
twenty nine thousand three hundred and
twelve acres of public laud were di•posed
of, one million eight hundred and ninety
Iwo thousand five hundred and sixteen ncres
of which were entered under the homestead
act. Thjt policy origipally ndopted relative
tit the public lands has undlygone essential
modifications. ImMediate revenue, and not
their rapid settlement, was the cardinal
restore of our land syetem Long experi
ence and earliest discuseion have resulted.
in the conviction that the early ilmelop
ment of our agricultural resourcen, nail the
thirtrdon of nn energetic population over
our vast ten Dory, are objects of for greater
importance to the national growth and
prosperty than the proceeds of the stile of
the land to the highest bidder in open
market. The pre.elhption laws twofer upon
the pioneer who complies with the tera.a
they impose the privilege of purchasing a
l tinned portion of •'unoflered lands" at the
lumina/1n price The homestead enact
ments relieve the settler from the payment
of purchase molt y, and secure him a
permanent home, upon the condition of
residence Porn term of years. This liberal
policy lames emigration from the old, and
from the More crowded portions of the new
weld. ,lts propitious results are unJoutned,
anJ will Inc more eignally mallifelled when
time shall have given to it n w Mer ilevelope
meld
Congress has mode liberal grants of pub
lic land to corporation., in aid of the con
struction of railroad. nod other internal
improvements. Should this policy hereof
prevail, more stringent p}onetovis will
be required to secure a faithful epplicatirro
of the NMI The title to the land should
not pn•v, try patent or otherwise,but remain
in the GAM ument and subject to its con
trol until some portion at the road has been
actually bulk. Portions of It.enn might
then, front time to time, be conveyed to the
corporotron, but never 111 greater ratio to
the whole qunntity embraced by the grant
"titan the completed parts bear to the entire
length of the projected improvement. Thm
restriction would nor operateto tire preju
dice of any undertaking' conceived .n good
faith and executed with reasonable energy,
e. It is the settled practice to withdraw
from market the land■ falling within the
operation of such grants, and thus to ex
ciude the inception of • subsequent adverse
right. A breach of the conditions whialt
Congress may deem proper to impose should
work • forfeiture of. claim to the lands so
withdrawn but unconveyed, and of tail., to
the land. cent eyed which remain unsold
Openttions on the several Huss of the
Pacific liallroadthave been prosecuted with
. unetzamrled vigor and success. Should no
unforseen enuect orta., oecur,.it is confi
dently ant kips Ird that this great thorough-
fare will be compleled before the expiration
of the period designated by Congress.
During the last fiscal year r ahe'amount
paid to pensioners, including the expenses
of disbursement, was thirteen nations four
hundred and fifty nine ihousand nine bun
dren and ninety-six dollars, and [My thou.
sand one hundred and seventy seven names
were added to the pension rolls. The en
tire number of pensioners, June 80, 1880,
canons hundred and twenty sin thousand
seven hundred and twenty two. This feet
furnishes tuelaucholy and earthing proof of
the enerideectoade to vindicate the mutat'.
tutional authority of the Federal Govern.
mekiind limusinisin inviolate the integ
rit7 of ah. Union. They impose upon us.
oorct.sponding obligations. It is estimated
that thirty three million dollars will be re_
quired to meet the exigencies of ibis branoh
.1' the Jerrie° daring- the next Omani year.
Treaties' have been concluded with the
Ludlam' who, enticed intoarrned oppositiOn
to our Government sit the outbreak of the
rebellion, hive unconditionally.. submitted
1% .authority, and ntaniffeated .n earnest
Vallee tar a mistral If rawly 'eslailosse.
r
.during the year ending September SO,
1866, eight thi • • hundred and
M 0= M
=
. gut were laisued,--and at that date 7 ".
&thine° in the Treneury to the credit of the
Patent found woe two hundred aril twenty
eight iiiinniand two handle! and jiinety
veren dollnr. "
As a suluyet tputi which depends an im
mense amount of the productiOn and corn
merce of the country, I recommend to Con
gress ouch legislation as may be necessary
for the preservation of the levees of the
Ilissitiotppi riser It is it molter of stational
importance that early steps iihould be token
not only to add to the efficiency of these
barrier+ against destructive inundations,
but fur the removal of nll obstructions to
the free 1111 d ii.fe navigation of that great
channel of tradi and conimerce.
The bkirlct of Columbia, under existing
I tun, .s oat entitled to that representation
in the National Councils which, from our
earliest hiHlory, bits been nit ormly accor
ded to each Terrtlory ed from time ,
to tune Within our limit, It maintains pe
miller re miens la Congress. to whom' the
Constitution line granted the power of ex
ercising exclusive legislation over the cent.
of government. Our fellow-citizen, real
ding in thin Dlelrizt, whose interests ore
thus counileOlo the special guartlianallip of
Cowes., exceed in number the mutat idyl
of Peretal of our Territortes, and no plat
reason is perceived why a delegate of their
choice should not be ndmitted to a'neat
the Douse of Ilepresentati•es. No mode
seems sioappl.loprinte end effectual of ena
bling Oeuvre -make known their peculiar
condinOp and wants, end secuirtig the Wen)
legislatton adapted to them." I therefore
recommend the passage of a lavenuthorixing
the electors of the District of Columbia to
choose 11 delegate, to be allowed the tame
rights and privileges as a delVgaile'represen
ling n Territory , The incrmwtorprise
antl'railTrOadkinTs ilitpin lit in the
Distitet ore - highly gr,,iifylng, and I trust
that the efforts of the municipal authorities
to promote the prosperny of the national
metropolis will recie•u the efficient and,
generous co-operation of Congress.
The i`eport of the Commissioner of Agri
cultural t eViews the operations of Lis De
partment during the pan year, and asks the
aid of Congress in its effort. to ehooursge
those States which. scourged by war, are
now earnestly engaged in the reorganiza
tion of domestic industry.
It is a subject of congratulation that oo
foreign combination' against our domestic
peace and safely, or our legitimate influ
ence monk tlic - uat tons, hire been formed
or nttempted. While sent imerits of recon
ciliation, loyalty and patriotism bait in
crened at home, a more just coo n:deration
sl our national character and rights bas
been =initiated by foreign nations.
The entire success of lie Atlantic Tele
graph between the coma of Ireland and the
Province of Newfoundland, is ag Juihiev,
ment which bee bean jastly celebrated In
both Isemispliercaoss the opening of an era
in tile progress of ci•tlization. There is rev
son to expect that eronl success will attend
and even greater results follow, the enter
prise fur connecting the Iwo Continents
through the Pacific Ocean by the projected
line of telegraph between Ketnechatk• and
the Russian possessions in America.
The resolution of Congress protesting
against 1 ardnos by foreign Governments of
persons convicted of infamous offences, on
ondition of emigration to our country, has
been communicated to the Stales with what*.
we maintain Intercourse, and the practice,
no justly the sn'..ject of complaint * on our
part, tins not been renewed.
The cangrniulations of Congress to the
Emperor of Russia, upon his escape from
attempted assassination, have been presen
ted to that humane and enlighented ruler,
and recieved by him with expressions or
grateful appreciation.
The Executive, warned of an attempt by
Spnnieh•Americnn adventi l to induce
the emigration of freedmen of the United
States to n foregn country,protented against
the project as one which, if consummated,
would reduce them to a bondoge even more
oppreasive than that from which they here
just bean relieved Assurance ha. been re
cleve.l from the Government of the Siete In
which the plan was moturA, that the pro
ceetling will meet neither its encourage
ment nor approval It i• a question' worthy
or your consideration, whether our laws up
on this subject are adequate to the mean
lion or punishment of the crimi thus med.
toted.
In the month of April last, no Congress Is
entire, a friendly arrangement was made
bet wren the Emperor of France and the
President of the United,Etales for the with
drawal from Mexico of the French expedi-
ttonery military forces Thi■ withdrawal
was.4l be effected in three detachments, the
first of whtch was to be undeilbood, would
leave•Mentco in November, Irdir past, the
second in March next. and the third and
hat in November, 1867 Immediately upon
the completion of AktUrpeuat.ido,,the French
Government we; ttiWasume ihe earns etti•
tudee non-intervention. in regard to Mex
ico, as,,its held by the Government of the
United Staten. Repented assnraneu have
been given by the Emperor, siqee,Atat
agreement, that be would aoYnplete (be pro
mised evacuation within the reriod meta
tioned, or sooner.
dt trio reasonably expected thst the pro.
ottedinge thus contemplated would produce
a crisis of great polities' interest in the Re
public of Mexico. The- newly-appointed
Minister of the United States. Mr. Camp
bell, woo therefore sent forward, on the 9th
day of November lout, to assume his proper
tenctient o Minister Plenipotentiary of the
United States to That Republic. It was also
thought expedient that heel:maid be attend
ed in the vicinity of Mexico by the Lieuten
ant General of the Army of the United
Stitt a. c, with the •iew of obtaining such la•
formation as might be istpor'ant to deter
mine the !merit, to be pursued by the United
States in re-establisbing and maintaining
necessary and proper interoonne with the
1 epublio of Mexico. Deeply interested in
the cause of liberty and bumutity,it messed
an obvious duty on our part to exercise
whatever influence we possessed for the re
storation and pens Ispliebutest in
tea co untry of a deateetle and reptilian
farm Garerampist.
Bite the otritlit!oi of . straits it ro
ped la DieciadVirbea.os tie 224 61)11oiso
her km, otlielat ieftrusallor wig atihelvel
Iwo Paris tint the /Paperer ritaare /011
Mat,
PEI
some tame before ditoided not to withdraw•
detachment of Isis force* in the month of
November poet. according leit
t tbm" decil
r 1239
made with the
purposec wu awing the whole force in
the ensuing spring. Of t his determination,
however; the United Slates had not recieved
any notice or intimation ; and, an soon as
the infestation wan reeieved by the govern
ment, care wan taken MI make known its
dissent to the Emperor of Prance
I cannot forgo the hope that Franca will
reconsider the nubject, and adopt •o o res
olution in regard to the evacuation of Mex
ico which will conform ad nearly as
pMetl
cable with the existing oxgagement, and
thus meet the just espretalioes orate I:raf
ted States. The papers relating to the nab.
jcct will be laid before you. It is believed
that, with ihe evacuation of Mexteo by the
expeditionary forcer, no subject for serious
dlifereneesi between France and the United
Staten wbuld remain The expreesiLos`of
the Emperor and people of France warrant
hope that the traditionary friendship
tween the two counthea might is that cane
he renewed and permanently restored.
A claim of a citizen of the United States,
fun indeninny (or spollatious committed on
the high seas by the French authorities, in
the exercise of • belligerent power against
Mexico, hos been met by the Government
of France with a propo•ition to defer settle.
ment until a mutual:convention for the ad
justment of all olaims of attiren, and sub
jects of both eountriee,ciritung out of the re
cent ware on ibis Crintineut,sha t ll be agreed
upon by the two countries- The suggestion
is not deemed unrrponsble, but it belongs
To Congreen to direarthe manner in which
claims for indemnity by foreigners, as well
no by the citizens of the United Staten, aris
ing out of the lnte.enil war, shalt be adju
dicated and deteimined I have no doubt
that the subject of all such claims will en-
gage your attention at a convenient cad
proper time
It ie a muter of regret that no consider
able advance bee been made towards an
adjustment of the difference, between the
United State. end Great Britt ian,arlslng out
of the depredations upon out• national cosi
gner. and oilier trespasses coulmitted du
ring our civil war by Brittle!' subjects, In
violation of international law and trusty
obligation. The delay, however, may be.
believed to have resulted is degree
from the domestic situation of Great Brit...
lien AA emits change of ministry accused
in that cottony daring the last artesian of
Pirliament The attention of the new min
nary was called to the eubjea at an early
day, and there is some reason to expect
that it will now be considentd.in a becom
ing end friendly spirit The. importance
of an early dispoeitton of the question cannot
be exaggerated What might be lb.
wishes of the two Governments, it is mani
fest that good-will and friendship between
the two countries aaaaa t be established
until a reciprocity, in the practice of good
faith and neutrality, obeli be restored be
tween the respective nations.
On the 6th of June last,an violation of our
neutrality Lyre, a military expedition and
enterprise against the British North Amer
ican Colonies was projected and attempted
to be carried on within theierritory and
ju
riedietion of the United Slates. In obe
dience to the obligation imposed tie that
Exeentive by the Constitution, to see, that
the laws are faithfully executed, all Manus
were warned,by proolametien,agalnst taking
part in or aiding snob unlawful proceed
ings, and the proper civil, military and
navel idioms were direetdd to take all ne
cessary measures for the enforcement ef this
laws. The expedition failed, but it he. not
been without its painful conseq
Some of qur citizens who, it was alleged
were engaged in the expedition, were cap-'
tured, sad hare been brought to trial, as for
a capital offence, in the Province of Cana
da. JudgemmAild sentence of dm& leave
been pronounced against some, while others
have been acquitted.- Fully believing In
the maxim of government, that severity of'
civil punishment for misguided persona
who hare engaged in revolutionary at
tempts *Blob 'have dieastrously (tiled, is
unsound and unwise, each representations
have been made to the British Government
in behalf of the convicted persons, as,being
sustained by an enlightened and humane
judgement, will, it is hoped, induce in their
oases an exercise of .olemenoy, and a judi
cious amnesty to all who were engaged in
the movement. Canned' bee been employed
by the Gchernment to defend eitisens of the
United Minn (retrial for capital officio. in
Canada; and a discontinuance of the pro?
secutiens which were instituted in thorn:nets
of lb. United States against those who look
part in the expedition, has been directed.
I have regarded the expedition as not
only political in its nature, bat as ales its •
great measure foreign from the United Slats
in its cause., character and *eats The
attempt was understood to be med. is sym
pathy with an insurgent party in Ireland,
end, by striking at a British Provence on
this Cont bleat, wait deigned to aid in ob
taining redrew for political grievances
which it was . assumed, the people of Ireland
had suffered at the hand, of the British
Government daring a period of several cm
tales. 'llhe persons engaged in it were
chiefly natives of that country, some of
whom had, while others bad hot, become
citizens of the United Slates under our gen
enl laws - of neturaliaatlmk Complaints
antigovernment In Initial! continually
aiminge the attention of the British nation:"
and so great an gelation" to now prevailing
in Ireland that the British Goverment
have deemed it necessary to suspend thi
writ of Adorn
o crpost In that coontry.—
These ahrownstanotte must necessarily mod
ify the opinion which we might 'otherwise
have entertained la vegeta to as expedition
expreissly prohibited by our neutrality
lame, SO long as these laws remain upon
our slants books, they 'koala be ihitlifelly
executed, and if they 'pond* harshly, no
justly, or oppressively, Oangtaws slime can
apply the remedy, by thole modilleaUsta
or repeal.
Polfileal sad oolosoridstl literate of t►e
Unload States an sot aallkely lobo ',adod
is ooze &vas ►y meta vU•h ari
tnnß
piring fa aastara riortaaa et NatoOa,*
tbo !fife ~so to Uwe OW anis aVia•-
veraiaost oaths t• baro•ltropor dtplo
Nostoolotaar la awn* -
ilishrittia lin pie-
we sok esinistekt lumssol. w imierldhidil
,s 1 elloseleib Whim dip
.YO/011001 0 4+ elbsimostistrit
. .............. .
ji &I 410 :
ti # 4llllll l ll l ll r lab
jeots me barn knotigneeedl to mud been sato
rolliod In the tinflodltatos, and afterwards
returned ostronsiest wisii• to thole native
sountsgsa, Ur the poWennewoo of Editing .
sent** Inns meitatt of euldent mobjests.
Coajniniatit Ikea slab. is dale
mom nods by 0 . hen bort -
teen been oat ot otintrouirey beluga
the United 8 and-sesse of the Earoyeaa
rowers, and th irritothin erinsequent apes
the failure to the this toulya..illansmid
daring the r its whleh Prussia, Italy and
Aussie ere recently engaged, While
Gnat I ritien be. ***** acknowledged the
rig of aralfittelatioe, silo insist practical.
isolated ape* 8. Frameless been equal
--
ly forbearing and Primes has proposed •
*compromise; which, although evincing in
creased liberality, has not berrb accepted
by the United dieter. Peace is now Pre
vailing everywhere in , Europe, sad the
present gams to ire a favorable time for as
ion by Congress-of-4H principle, so
long maintained by the Eseoutive Depart
ment, that paturalarlaion by our State fully
exempts the native born subject aim, nib
•er finite from the performance of military
service under any foreign Government, so
long is he Jogs not voluntary e, Its
rights and benefit.
1 In th e perfornanise of • duty imposed
upon me by the Ceeistitutiou, I have tins
submitted to the Repnientativite of the
Staley and et the People, snots lafermation
of our domestic led foreign affairs se the
public interests seen to require. Our fie*
'ravel is now underioinff its most 'ryes'
ordeal, and ley earnest proper is that the
pertlenay be suocesefully and linadyytteed
without impairing its original strength/Led
ammeter, The intere•l• of the natio& are
best to be promoted by the revival of frs•
ternal 'elation', t h e complete ebliteratiou
of our past dinarencemorod the re Mange.
ration of all the pinions of Peace. Dime
ting our efforts to the early accompliiionent
of these great ends, let us endeavor tote,.
harmony between the eo•ordinate
Departments of the Government, that each
in It. proper sphere may cordially so-oper
ale with other Is potteries the maintenance
of the Constitutiom, the preservation of the
Galen, and the perpetuity of OUT fTTO IOPII.
:atlas.
NO. 49
Duzw Jousiox
Wabbtagton, Deo. 8, 1886.
To. C .—Vr. Hubbard, of tl •
Marlon Democrat. pertinently asim
ICI
"Does the poor man remember dm good
limo. be enjoyed whim James Buoitanan
was Prat:sleet ? Does be remember how
cagily 1. supported his family bp, hie lab
or? Does he ranumber the silver dollars
he received for his work 1 Has ha iforpt
ten the ten pounds of sllies. klus twelve
pound. of nuat,ibt sack of laur,the twelve
yards of muslin either of whisk he might
thee purchase with the pro...dela one day's
labor All this was before the onunde
waged against doe South had oulminated to
rebellion. North . ern negro'. were fed,
dotted, worked and provided for by Holub,
ern muter. The result has been, that •
half a "'Hilton of Whits men here gone pre
maturely to their graves, double that sum.
leer brie been Mused to beggary, sad the
nation itself bents down with a mountain of
debt.
&craw Doomartort.—la eauerelease
of the failure of mops, a belt of the Beeni.
en' country. *shindies frees Nara Cooler
to Team, and infatuates the norther* and
oentral portions of these Stolen, sad ales dr
Booth Carolina, Georg* Alabama, Wads.
sippi, and Louisiana, is analysed with
(amiss before the maturity' •of next
year's crops. The civil authorities of the.. ,
States, a well as • the United Salsa will
laey tore.., are taking what me nor.. they
MA to provide a 'apply of toed,hat it seem
probable thsi these precautions Will >Qe in
adequate to net the wants of the people of
the ettended section of ecatty , threatened
with deetntelion.—Ex.
—it is annowneed In Busload that so
extensive business is serried on am is
hunting up portraits fur Asterisms, in or.
der to make galleries of anoesters. do
Anunrison wont reamilly ialmsdea explain_
std that his Oneinene Naha t smote.
tom" sod that lestard.bees obits snammeful
'haring picked up many goad portraits, sod
tbat with proper attention l 4 emilisme and
age, and some little herandirticars, he
ad
h matehell and wine
for two or tiered senkeirid sod had im
ported several vary well assorted banks,
which being provided with hal credentials,
were most Allan, adopted, sad that he wne
continuing his highly remunerative re
marehee."—Sx.
Tire Ittrrwas or :ma Masao RACJI.—ThIe
Jsekson aerie* prints lir Aloha abases re
ports tiat' Uwe been otartsmi item tor( 7 ,
tour amities la Misdlielypi for the year
1686. The ilirnass shew that the whits ?q
-uietism la these sonntles has deereased 0.-
798 siege 1860, &Si the bleak Opulatio•
46,206. This shows art lb* of the
novo p t opolation of that has net loss
si_lutte a • rood belleeet
t" 7i, however, ealliolendy rge I. show
that the negro nee w 14,61 • • rapidly I.
ibis oosatry.—hreehrbrd D A . -
--- , Andrew Brookommo, cum of the "te
ams of the Isaias moonier' at Rap Übe
ilostitals, kaa arrived at Ilt:Loelo
its esporioseed the torten of moil% hie
Wooed bur Andrea murdered sad was
thou homilbly sotnilatird his tan" out
eat, linmetrieg severed, hie lagers, est, his
kande 10111111114, Ms map tent rocking boa
his head which - hod previously hoes au*
with throe ballots t bet di pits dose
waited' (he safertaisto ase imatTivid; and
my carried ta. Sett taibellity, Aar* ho
retaimed in hospital the thin yeitig..4lkg.
ill* • ?Maw
dam el St. Louie 414 pii41444.444
itiele of detonle..iloolbeeneld, elm died le
coupiwof usontiOdegne, hap Aege.leggineil
1 - 47 glee bond. in the mom of $lOO,OOO, limp
which it in infrwed fret 14 , :o s eettete 4 wiwth
.poet $50,004'. pts prpkit* ragtime I,
etkieensl4tettox deloole moats 1.4114111
tad apples at iSmi t S Wand Si. pro..
widolL
,rl4l Vett tof: :TO
et mot illetr T melikit
krall a ilaviw tiles
wise las siberlaymbeft 1 1 '61164 .M
0..4 mob 'idiom. 1140valo IPS* Obis
Pit as. if aliklb salt BOOM* 'MAWR to
dieulhil*Pl4,lo6l4 tobamitidaw•gp
"leak' &I - 44,04% ****** /Mar
( " 0 ‘4"." Mit 144 6 4112iri 'lo*. &NW
1 0. 4 1 11 . Pia.
"47 "i 4 *IC 44 440 e, 14.40411
4is wow 14 adolt.*i* fit 0 , 0 1 10,
k
piestawri==iit :
smarm wisfirep •
11104 J imut•illll4 111
Nat by it; repaill wj
*lab da.g.or Oat
Joem
1104 , w - •••-•'- • -