A Jory Y
BELLEFONTE,
AUDITOR'S REPORT OF CENTRE
County, for the year 1862.
JOIN B. MITCHELL, Treasurer, in account
with Centre county, from January 6th, 1862, to
January 3th, 1883.
So amount received from
Collectors and other
sourees, $ 39.580,58
To Balance due county, $ 12,433.59
CR.
By amount Commission-
ers Orders lifted, 26,475,12
do Treasurer's ocom-
mission vn §16.475,12, 661.87
do allowed for station-
ary, 10,00
do balahee due oo. 43350
DR.
To amount received on
Military Relief Fund
from Collectors and oth-
39,54,58
er sources for 1862, 17.400.21
Balance due county Tr. 10,399.48
27,799,09
CE.
By amount Relief Orders
lifted, 27,121,65
do Commission on 27-
120,65, : 678,04
27,799,069
By balance due county
Treasurer, 10,399,48
DR.
To amount received on
the Military Bounty
Fund, 30,735.00
Balance due county Tr 218.15
39,953,15
CR.
By amount Bounty Or-
ders lifted, 38,959,80
do Treasurer's Com-
mission, 993,35
39,953,15
By balance due co. Tr. 218,15
GEORGE ALEXANDER. High sheriff of Cen-
tre county, in account with said county for the
year 1862.
DR.
To balance dus county at
last settlement, $5171
do amount of County
Orders, s 112.00
do Jury Fees & Fines 77.00
By balance, 265,86
509,07
CR.
By bill rendered for
boardin Prisoners—
Fees & Virose 506 91
Commission ou Fees and
Fines, 2,i6
509,07
By balance at set 265,36
We, the unde Auditors of Centre county
do certify that hi ving 8-ttled and examined the
foregoing accounts vi wohn B. Mitchell, Trousur
or, aud (George Alexander, High Sheriff of said
county, and HH find them correct as above stated.
Witness our hands this 15th day of January, A
Db, 1863. JAS. C. WILLIAMS,
GE). BUJHANAN,
Auditors.
Receip's and Expenditures of Centre
County tor the year 1882.
We the Commissioners of Centre county, agree-
ably to an Aot of Assembly, entitlel an act do
raise County Rates and Levier, requiring the
Commissioners of the several counties of this Com-
mounweulth to publish annually a statement of the
receipts and expenditures of the respective coun-
ties. do report the following as follows to wit,
from the 8:h day of January, 1862, to the 5th day
of January. 1863 :
COUNTY AUDITORS.
By amt’ paid Jery Mayes
(#5 auditor.) :
do Jas. C. Williams,
(ditto)
do George
(ditto)
do George Livingston,
(Clerk to Auditors)
$ 1500
15,00
15,00
15.00
ASSESSORS.
By amount paid Township
and Boroagh Assessors
for assessments and re-
COMMISSIONERS OFFICE.
By amount paid John Me-
imont, as Com-
misgioner,
Ira Fisher, do
A. Alexander, do
Wm. Furey, do
S. M. Irwin, for
balance at set-
Buchanan,
$ 60,00
786,62
209,50
322.00
223.00
30,00
43,33
sioners ol'k, 300,00
do same distribu-
ting assess blks,
and election pas
pers,
game, extra work
same, carrying
out tax in Treas-
urer’s U.S. Land
Books,
same, carrying
out tax in twp.
U. 8 Land Bk
same, making
extra Duplicates
same cash paid
Treasurer in
mistake,
sam4, for Reve-
nue Stamps for
note, 30
same, for relief .
account— extra
work,
samo, William
Cook for postage
same. (eo. Liv-
ingston for books
and staticnary,
same, Geo. Liv-
ingstou for mak-
ing out dupli-
cates,
same J. D.Shu-
gert for index-
ing Redemption
Book and enter-
ing U. 8. Land
Sales,
same, A. O.
Furst for servie-
es ag counsol to
Commissioners,
(in part)
18.09
26,55
100,00
“do
50,00
14.00
do
do
5,00
do
300,00
do
22,30
do
127,19
do
24,00
10.00
1,920,17
«+ COURTS.
mount paid for Com-
Pys aati: qgsts
Grand an
Traverse Ju-
rors,
BE. M. P wch-
ard fof au * ting
Proth’y & ..eg-
ister Dockets,
And. White for
services as court
crier,
Geo. Alexander
. (Sheriff) for
serving attach-
591,39
do
3,202,504
do
35,00
do
64,00
do
do
da
do
do
do
do
do
ments. ”
John T. John-
ston, Prothono-
tary costs,
104,20
3,000,638
COURT HOUSE.
By amount paid J. 8. Par
sons for services
as Janitor,
same, for m'dse.
bought for C H.
W. I. Short-
lidge furnishing
and delivering
coal for the C.
House & Jail,
E. C. Humes &
Bro m'dze for
Court House,
Bellefonte Gas
Co. for gas bills
Jus Keut for re-
pairs to ceiling
J. H. McClure
for water tax,
R. Gaihraith,
r pairing fence
and gates,
Lycoming Co
Insurance on
Court House,
COUNTY
By amount paid James
do
do
do
do
do
do
By
do
do
do
do
Kent for p as-
tering Jail,
D. Bol nger,
blacksmithing
N. Hiiiibish,
repairsto tur-
nace,
Jere Mayes
and Purdue
for wood,
J. 8. Parsons
wark done,
Geo, Alexans
der, boarding
ing prisoners,
same, lumber
and building
smoke house,
repaic ng stas
ble,
COUNTY PR}
amount paid Seely
and Barahart
in full of ac-
count,
Geo. Kurtz for
for printing,
same, do
Alexander and
Furey printing
F. Kurtz do
By amount paid for Pan-
ther, Wild Cat,
Fox, and Muck
Rat scalps,
132,00
19,27
136,30
1,00
161,43
1,50
22,53
9,00
10,50
JAIL,
48,04
11,44
19,25
74,12
20,75
112,00
32,15
NTING.
218 65
7,00
25,00
318,10
79,25
114,58
563,88
PREMIUMS ON SCALPS,
030,87
INQUISITIONS ON DEAD BODIES.
By amount paid P. Sho-
enborger ine
quest en hady
of MH. Young,
9.3¢
LOANS AND INTEREST ON LO.NS.
Amount of money loan.
ed county,
By iuterest paid sundry
persons for ins
terest on notes
orders, &e,
14,800,060
1,508,51
ROAD VIEWS,
By amouat paid fr road
vie
Py amount paid Consta-
bles for re-
turns, miles
age, &e,
291,00
CONSTABLE RETURNS.
55,41
ELECTIONS.
By amount psid Election
Offic rs, Re-
turn Judges,
and Assessors
for putting up
lists and at
tending clec-
tions,
898,60
MISC: LLANEOUS PAYMENTS.
By amount pmd W. W,
do
do
do
do
do
do
do
do
do
do
do
do
do
do
do
do
do
Brown forun-
current funds
C. R. Foster
for military
fund, due
Philipsburg,
. P. Green,
a
R. I.
certified copy
of Act of As-
sembly.
John Brach-
bill repairing
chairs, &o,
Thos. McCoy,
balance at’
setrlement,
Ira Figherex-
pensesto Phil
adelphia,
J. B. Mitch
ell uncurrent
funds,
Stato Lunatic
Asylum, keep-
ing paupers,
D. Garwan,
buggy hire,
Jas. MoCuls
ough, for
wounter fei t
money.
A. B. Putch-
inson Deeds
returned,
J. B. Mitchell
Tr, for bounty
paid Vol.
S. Gardner for
Beech Croek
bridge,
Awarded by
Commisioners
to Collectors
for settling up
their duplicates
within the,
year,
Paid sundry
pérsons for
taxes overpaid
John oran
fire proof safe,
A. 0. Furst
&S.M. Irwin
for expeuses (o
Harrisburg &
settling coun.
ty account
with State,
K. @G. Furst
& A. 0. Furst
for fees in Brown
VB. centre co,
Jesse L. Test,
formakingin-
dex fur Records
ers Books, nde
s:ctum,
10,00
22,02
14,79
1,25
8,47
280,46 .
24,50
2,00
986,29
1,00
4,00
43,88
35,259,30
100,00
10,00
860,25
120,00
100,00
150,09
205,264
J. B. Butts for
hoarding Jurors
in homicide case
Drs. Dobbins,
Mitchell and
Green, for post
noi tem exami-
nation (Poor-
man)
do
21,00
do
40,00
© 38,004.61
RELIEF FUND.
To amount orders issu-
ed, 30,882,25
do out standing
taxes for 1861 3,345.23
“ 34,227 48
By amount orders lifted 27 121.65
| Balance outstanding, 7,105,83
"34,207.48
We the undersigned Commissioners of
Centre county, do hereby certify that the
foregoing is a (ull and correct statement of
the expenditures of the said County, for the
year 1862. Witness our hands at the Com-
missioner’s office in Bellefonte, on this 21
day of Febuary, A. D., 1863
JNO. MCALMONT,
A. ALEXANDER,
WM. FUREY,
Commissioners.
P. 8. Tue list of outstanding taxes due
from Collectors will appear next week,
LIST OF OUTSTANDING TAXES.
Attest J. Morax,
Com"rs Clerk.
Jos. Williams, Worth 1854 3 50,60
T. F. Patten, Ferguson 1855 75.00
Robt. Loyd, ~~ Rush 1836 65.00
Jno. Askey Snowshoe 1857 10,00
Wm. Adams, Taylor I867 40.00
Wm. Smith, Uuion 1857 90,00
Jos Dawson, Benner 1853 20,00
Ed. Ide, Snowshoz 1859 190.00
H. McEwen, Walker 1859 400.00
J. M. Kephart, Benner 1860 50.00
James Barber, Potter 1860 110,00
Jac. Leathers, Howard 1808 25.00
Chas. Miller, Gregg 1860 89.00
R. Thor:pson, Sprin 1860 90,00
T. Parsons, Un'ville ‘“ Relief 1000
C* Jones, Boggs 1861 140.00 190,00
Wm. Steel, Houston 1861 55.00
J. McCullough, Marion 1861 50,00 110,060
IH. Trezigulny, Milesbutg 1861 25 00
B. F. Winters, Miles 1861 300 00
G. W. Swartz, Penn 1861 234 00
G. C. Zettler, Potter 1861 347,00
W. GQ. Haslette, Snowshoe 1861 3,00 117.00
Wm. McCoy, Taylor 1861 14.00
Jac. Peters, Un'ville 1861 1200
Lliss Turner, Worth 1861 18.00
Saml. Stover, Ferguson 1861 208.00 365.00
Jas D Turner, Bellefonte 1862 371.00
Saml Roan Benner 1862 81,00 79.00
Juno. Cambell, Boggs 1862 1380.00 181,00
Seb Fisher, Burnside 1862 17.00 43.00
Christ. Glossner, Curtin 1862 5300 51.00
Jno. Baily Ferguson 1862 258,00 404,00
J. Sweetwood, Gregg 1862 110.00 259.40
A Wile, Haines 1862 94,00 137 00
Thos. M. Way, 4 Moon 1862 142,00 181,00
Wm. Thompson, Ilarris 1862 333 00 474,00
D. B. Pletcher, Howard fue 337.00
Christ. Shenk, Liberty 112.00 149,00
Benj. Rishee, Marion aii 59.00 310.02
Jno. Paisons, Milesburg 20 33.00 56,00
W. 8 Gray Patton 7 149.00 18,00
0. P. Kreamer Penn a 21.00 467.00
D. Fleisher, Potter ae 300 00 518.00
Jesse L. Test, Rush ££ 57.00 183 00
A. C Hinton Snowshoe . 58,00 76,00
John Sweeny Spring > 376.00 500.00
T. Merryman, Taylor of 50 00 60,00
Geo. Hoover, Union rt
J. W. Vanvailan Unionville *
Theo" Rupert Walker “"
Jesse Woodring Worth +
86 00 91.00
6400 78 00
268.00 665.00
47.00 59,00
Miseell
; ’
Jrhseellaneous.
[For the Watchman. ]
A GLANCE AT THE BRAIN,
BY MISS KATE REESE.
To many this may scem a strange subject
for a corr mon school teacher to selest as the
basis of an essay for an [astitute, But to
us there seems something so grand mn the
construction of the brain above every other
part of the human frame, that we have se-
iccted it as the theme for the present occa-
sion. The subject is a sublime one !
But for us to do it justice, is far beyond
our power, We can couch it in no splendid
terms, nor accompany it with high sounding
phrazes, or grand superlatives. With no
further preliminaries, we might then com-
mence by taking a superficial glance of the
anatomy of the brain and surrounding parts.
The bram is surrounded by the skull,
which forms a complete vault for the reten-
tion and protection of the matter of which
it is composed. The skull itsclf, is compos-
sed of eight pieces—the frontal occupies the
front part of the head—the occipital the back
of the same—one parictal, and one temporal
on each side of the head, a spheroidal and an
ethmodal which firm the base of the crani-
um —all the bones except the two last, are
formed by two tables called the inner and
outer tables, separated by a spongy, porus
substance called the diplore, through which
small veins ramify.
When examining a human skull, I have
often thought of the great wisdom displayed
by our Allwise Creator, in the construction
of the diplore between the two tables, which
by ifs spongy, porus nature, prevents, in
many instances. a dangerous fracture.
The diplore is of different thickness iu the
different bones, and is even found to vary in
parts of the same bone. The different sec-
tions are joined together by sutures, and 1s
so called from the edges of the contiguous
boues, resembling the tooth of a saw—these
wterlock with each other, forming a spe-
cies of union styled (in carpentry) dovetail-
ing.
The brain is composed of two parts, cere
brum and cerebclium. The former, and by
far the larger part, occupies the front spart
of the cavity ; the latter the back part. It
is composed of two substances, the gray or
ceneritious, and the white. Io the cere-
brum is attributed all ingenuity, economy
and improvement, and all the better emo-
tions of the mind ; and to the cerebellum
the seat of all the base, low and animal pas-
sions. Science teaches us that as we de-
scend the scale of creation, the cerebrum de-
creases aud the cerebellum increases, just in
the same ratio, until the cerebrum dwindles
into nothingness. T'his idea 1s nicely proy-
«€n in the construction of a bird's nest —there
is no improvemert—those of the sixteenth
century are just like those of the ninetecnth
century.
The under surface of the skull is by no
meang smoothe or even, but presents ewmi-
{ nences and depressions —neither do these
{ undulations correspond with those of the
wnter side of the outer table. There are no
‘‘bumps,” as they are called, on the outside
of the brain—they only exist on the outside
of tho skull. These (acts always seem to
completely overthrow the very popular sci-
ence of “Phrenology.” IknowI am now
traveling over contraverted grounds, but
does it seem reasonable to suppose that ev-
er the “Great I am’? endowed individuals
with a principle by which they can read all
the mind of another, which could be done,
were there a reality in the science.
‘I'rue, there are expressions of . the face,
that may indicate something of the disposi-
tion, . But all the dispositions and charac-
ters can only be known by a personal ac-
quaintance. The eyes, too, are said to
speak, but their language is as u.inteligible
as the wild bird's sercam.
But to return to our subject. Immodi-
ately at the back part and within the sub-
stance of the brain, is situated a large bulb
of nervous substance called the mednla ob-
longata, which may be reckoned as the cen-
tre of the nervous system, being the most
sensitive portion of the brain. The last
touch here is quite sufficient to produce the
most violent convulsions. From this bulb
the nerves emanate to all parts of the body,
although many nerves originate in the spi-
nal cord 3 but this chord itself has its origin
in the Mcdulla oblongata. And through
this electric chain we enjoy all the delight-
ful sensations of he five natural senses. —
Bat let us examine the peculiar attribates of
this system a lit:le more minutely, When
we wish to ascertain the size, shape and
color of an object, the first impulse is to turn
our eyes toward the object, and immediately
the inverted image of the object is formed
on the retina, or back part of the eye. This
piece oi information is instantaneously con-
veyed to the brain through the medium of
the verve ; but of i's further prozress there
1¢ ho witness but the Infinite and Eternal.
In the sense of hearing, the sound is co
lected in the external ear, ana conductd
through a tube to the drum of the ear. From
this the vibrations pass along a chain or
range of bones to the interaal part of the or-
gan, from which the sound 13 carried to the
brain.
By the serse of smell, we can diszern the
oder of a substance when it comes in con-
tact with the nose. The air passing through
the nostrils, carries the odoriferous particles
to the filaments of the olfactory nerve, and
through this medium the brain takes cogni-
zance of this sensation also.
‘I'ne sense of taste, makes us acqnainted
with the savor of articles, and is perform-d
as follows : When a substance is applied
to the tongue, the papilliss dilate, and erect
themselves, and the pecaliar sensation exei-
ted is transmitted to the brain through the
filaments of the gustatory nerve This
sense, probably. varies more than any other
by the refinements of civilized life. The
Indian's like or dislike of food generally ex:
tends toall persons of the same tribe , but
among civilized and enlightened pations,
scarecly two persons can be found alike in
all their taste,
This sense is also susceptible of great mod-
ification, fur not unfrequently the articles
which are the most cisgusting becomes
highly agreeable by continuing in their use
And thus through this medium we are ena-
bled ta enjoy all the delightful sensations at-
tending the operations’ just named. But
with all the faculties susceptible of so much
enj yment—with all the wonder of the
brain, and senses —with all the harmony and
precision of the nervous system, what wonld
we be but animals of a high erder were it
not.for the mind. That great thinking prin-
ciple—uis that that elevates us so high above
every other part of creation. It is through
this immortal medium that we are made to
enjoy all the delightful emotions of which
any imagi» ation can form.
By the exercise of the mind, we may
range the broad plains of science, and call
from tae flowery borders gems of uncounted
worth and unrivalled beauty. By it we can
trace the silvery stream from its tiny source
on the rocky steep hillside, down through
1ts mossy bed, until it loses itself in the wild
rushing river, We may follow it on through
mountain gorges, over fectile plains and
flowery valleys, until it too innihilates itself
in the dark blue ocean. and then we can
stand on its sandy beach and look far over
its broad expanse, and gaze upon its-billowy
surges, to where there is a still calm, and
still further on, where tha sense of vision
can sce no farther.
But will that stop thought, the workings
of the mind ? No. never. Then we might
begin the contemplation of design. for it is
evident that nothing was created without
design- -from the smallest worm that we
tread beneath our feet, up to the king of
beasts —all perform their part on the great
stage of creation. The most diminutive
twig in the vegetable world, gp to the beau-
tiful palm and giant oak, design is written
upon them. From the smallest grain of
sand, up to all Sabara’s plain, design is in-
delibly carved. And frown the little grassy
Hower bespangled mound, up ‘0 the snow-
capped mountain and burning voleanp, we
see design upon every burning s ream of
lava, and every snowy cliff. Then go up to
the grand luminary of worlds, with all
the starry hosts that dot the vast canvass of
the upper deep, and there is a world of de-
sign. >
It matters not whether it be a crawling
worm, or a mammoth, whether a small twig
or a deep wide forest ; whether a single
grain of sand or a desert ; whether a diop
of dew or the mighty deeps of occan ;—
whether a singlo atom or a revolving world,
pages of knowledge may be accumulated in
contemplating their design. Then can it be
when wae are endowed with such great think-
ing principles, susceptible of such powerful
expansions, that we are to sit with folded
hands gazing on an industrious creation, and
not perform our part ¢ for certainly just in
proportion to our powers we are to labor—
they being far superior to a y other part of
creation, consequently our labor ix far more.
Our duty then is tu labor incessantly for
the improvement of the mind, for we believe
that the development of mind, the exertions
of talent, and the labor of industry, are all
Subjects intimately in erwoven ‘with the
moral character of the individual. Bul there
are other incentives to mental exertion, than
its being a duty, it confers upon its votaries
high and noble principles, which no others
can enjoy.
This thinking principle is immortal —it
can never be satisfied hiere. 'I'here
higher state to be reached. here are en-
Joyments prepared for it thet it will never
enjoy while in the flesh. This fleet life is
only the ante-chamber, where 1t is permitted
to prepare self, to enter upon its grand,
eternal march. Far beyond life's stormy
sea is a baven of rest, a cl me of repose, and
there only will this immortal principle learn
its design.
is al
For the Watchman.
HOW CHRISTMAS FINDS US
BY MRS. R, A. WARD.
Never since the Creation, has there been
witnessed such a mighty struggle as is now
going on upon the American contment. —
The world stands amazed at the magnitude
of the strife that is shaking to its founda-
tion the fabric of our Government threaten-
ing to bring it down in ruins and leave the
universe to mourn over the unhappy fate of
tiie once proud, happy and free Republic of
Auerica.
Two years ago, and all was peace, hap-
piness and prosperityin our beloved country.
From the Lakes of Maine to the Gulf of Mex-
ico, the hum of industry was heard all over
our land, and, altkough he loarse matter-
ings of the coming storm were then heard
in the distance yetno oue, for a inoment.
imagined that it would so soon burst upon
us m a deluge of blood. Nay the happy
denizens of this Heaven-favored land, could
not, even then, believe that so great a cal-
amn'ty as Civil war would soon burst vpon
our heads and plunge us info the terrible
Sorrow that now hangs over us hike a fun-
eral pall: They trasted in the good sense
of the people, and the compassionate heart
of a loving God.
The people were mad.
"I hey forgo: the teachings of the fathers of
the Republic, aud rushed headlong, mto the
terrible vortex. Urged on by passion and
fanaticism, a portion of our people ir either
section, threw away, as of no account, the
incomparable blessings of peace overieaped
the Barriers of constitutional freedom set
them by that immaculate instrument.
which has been our safe-guard and protec-
tion for wore than four-score years, and
rashly-and unthinkingly, Let loose ihe
dogs of war.” The good God, grieved by
the wickedness of his willful chiidren,
withdrew from them the shiell of His pro-
tection and left them to the destruction
which their own hands had brought
upon them.
Two years ago, Christmas found us in
a state of comparative peace. To day the
earth shakes beneath the mighty tread of a
miilion of armed men, rushing to battle! —
Human gore has run in streams and thous
ands of lives have been offered up to appease
the anger of the ¢ god of war.” I'he thun
der ofthe deep-mouthed cannon has rever-
berated amongst our southern mountains
and vaileys, and the sword of a brother has
been crimsoned to the hile with a brother’s
blood.
Parents weep for their children and the
child mourns for its parent, while many a
gallant husband has left a widow to agonize
over his untimely fate, and to think with
bitter sorrow of his tar-oft grave, watered
perhaps by the blood of both friend aud foe.
Houseless and homeless orphans wander
through the land. Friendless they go thi’o
this ng tion of mourners. the victims of the
dreadful sacrifice of war, “The Star-span-
gled banner,’ the pride of the fres’ no longer
waves over a peaceful land, but over a coun-
try rent and torn with an internecine strife
which threatens to pull down the once-glo-
rious Government of our fathers, and to
bury beneathits ruins all the liberties achiev-
edior us by the best blood of the Revolutin.
And sull the strife goes on, and God al-
one, knows how long this desolation may
continue. No silver lining yet tinges the
edge of the black eloud of war, which, dri-
ven by the fury of the storm, spreads its
dark wings over the land and secms to shut
out the last glimmering ray of hope, 10 which
like the ocean-tossed mariner, we have been
clinging amid the roar of the tempest and
the breaking of the billows. Oh! that the
star of peace might once more glimmer
upon the horizon, speaking to us of future
joy, and that God, in His 1ufinite, mercy
might say to the storm, as did the Saviour
of old; ‘Peace be still.”
Such, alas, is the present condition of
our unhappy, but still beloved country. —
Such is the terrible situation into which we
havebeen plunged by reckless fanaticism and
unholy passion. The Christmas sun of ‘six
ty-two” looks not down, as ef yore, upon
a happy eountry, and a prosperous people!
Alas, no! to-day. the *‘abomination of des-
ofation’ is set up in our midst, and the soil
of Columbia is watered by the blood and
the tears of her children. Great God! that
this should be so- that thisland, so long
the star of hope” to the oppresed and
down trodden millio ns of the old world,
should now be pointed at with scorn an
contempt and become a laughing stock for
the minions of a despotism which we, as
free-born Americans, have bsen taught to
despise!
What a spectacle is here precented to the
faze of a wondering world! What a theme
for the future historian, and what a bitter
humiliation for us and our country.
Awerica!: dear land of our love! 3hali
thy Eagle descend from her eyrie and hum-
ble her proud wings in the dust? Shall the
glorious Temple reared by the blood and
treasure of our fathers and cemented by the!
groans and tears of widows and orphans, |
now crumble into ruins 2 Shall our Consti-
tution, that great palladium of our liberties
by the hand of the arch-traitor, be oyer-
thrown and trampled beneath the feet of his
haughty minions? Shall our Government
fa:l and our institutions perish forever, cre
they have achieved one half their destiny?
Ten hundred thousand voices answer «Na,
and while the firm earth trembles beneath
the tread of the mighty host, the gleaming
bayonet and the thundering cannon Hash
back a proud defiance to the traitor, and
from the ranks of our gallant men arises he
glorious ery which stirs to its very depths
the heart of every true son of Columbia:
Liberty and Union--now and forever one and
inseparable.
Thus we stand on christmas day, in 18062
May we nct hope that ereanother anniversa-
ry of our Suviour’s birth rolls arouad, this
fraternal strife may have ceased, and peace
and prosperity again bless our land? We
have faith that the Almighty will
mit this Government to be overturned or
this Republic to have a name among the na-
tions of the earth *'no more forever,” We
not per-
fearful storm of passion thal is now convul-
sing our land. Heaven will then certainly
smile upon us and our country will eventi-
ally take her stand as the proudest among
the nations. Then truly the “‘star-spangled
Banner”
“In triumph shall wave
Q’er the land of the free and the home of the
brave.”
A ee
[For the Watchman. ]
INFIDELITY AND ITS RESULTS.
Some time past, vn a quiet Sabbath morn.
the church bell raz for the good people. to
come to the house of God, and there meet
for public worship. The clergyman being
an able and cloquent speaker, I th ght all
would be right ; out to my utter astonish-
ment, during his remarks he denied the sand-
tion of slavery in the Bible. .It could not
be found in the teachings of Christ, nor in
the writings of the Aposiles, ani if the gos-
pel did sanction slavery. could we believe
such gospel came from God ? After a pa
tient hearing, I felt as though I would be
under the pawful necessity of charging the
speaker with the teachings of infidelity. —
This being a species of scepticism. which
has become to prevalent in the church both
North and South, from the fact a Southern
clergyman informed me at the outbreaking
of the war : “Men,” said le, * are slow to
learn that the highest authority 15 that of
enlightened reason, and that the only irre-
versable decision is the decision of common
sense.”
Surely, thought I, this man can not be
speaking seriously. Does he mean to say
that the conclusions at which men’s common
sense arrives are irreversible—are always
correct ¢ It c.rtainly ‘cannot be right. —-
llere we have two men, representing the dif-
ferent sections of country. both claiming to
be clergymen of the same denomination,
alike preaching infidelity—the Southerner
declaring that the reason of man is above
all human law, that its authority is the
highest ; whilst the other. if’ anything far-
ther, that the human judgment of right and
wrong, is greater authority than the Bible
itself. and fully authorized to concemn the
scriptures if it can not approve them.
If the gospel sanctions slavery, our neigh-
bor preacher would declare the” gospel not
from God ; whilst the Southern divine de
clares that the law is of inferior authority,
and not entitled to obedience. On these two
principles Qf extreme, hangs a large portiou
of our radicalism. Going hand in hand,
and at present the curse of our nation, not
because 1 1x or is not the word of God ; but
becaus i does or does not meet the appro-
val 31 his puny powers of reason
To any intelligent mind, it is clear that
both these men are defend 1s of Syuthern “re-
betlion, ? they actually justify the most a‘ro-
cous crimes, for it isnot for any man to
doubt that the Southerners have a conscien-
cious belief in the wrongs of the government
agamst which they rebel. advocating the
the doctrine of enlightened reason as the
sole guide. the highest authority for Lim to
direct his ways.
Our modern reformers both teach and
preach that if slavery weve justified by the
Bivle, they would regretit. Now. whether
it is justiticd by the Bible or not, it matters
nothing ; the truth remains, that the man
who subjects the Bible to his own notions
of right and wrong, his faith is vain—he
does not accept tho word of God as his rule
of life.
Imagine a man saying if the Bible justi-
fies absolute monarchy with the power of
life and death over suhjects, can not be-
lieve the Bible to be the word of God ; ar
the Southern slaveholder saying that if the
Bible forbids slivery, he can nut receive it
as the word of God. Is it not an evident
fact that some hing 1s wrong, and to give
everything its proper name, we can not call
it anything else han infidelity.
siet us look back for one mement, at the
men that were engaged in preaching the
abolition doctrine during the late Presiden-
tial campaign. Sco the silliness of the song
of those men who claimed to be the enly
philanthropis s of the vountry, telling the
people that the party in power was corrupt,
that the Democracy had ruled to ruin, and
that they shoul i hive a chance to test the
Southern chivalry, just try the South and
see if they would sccede, and if they do, it
will only be a morning job of fifteen minutes
to settle them ; and mora—we would have a
change and a chance to try the strength of
our government telling flattering stories
and preaching goad times. Infamous sham!
Swallewing strychnine to testits power ! —
To wake the sleeping tiger to test its fero:-
ity !' To rcuse the lion to hear him roar,
and see him shake his mane! These things
were all tanght, as they said, for the welfare
and happiness of the country. :
They now find strychaine is fatal, the ti
ger ferocious, and the lion has roared, and
neither emancipation proclamations or the
raising of negro regunents will likely stop
his mouth.
Iinagine two travelers visiting this coun-
try one century hence, after our present re-
be.lion is ended ; the one rehearses the once
glorious history and prospect of tois coun-
try. He tells of our wealth. onr prosperity,
our merchandize, our splendid towns and
cities, beautiful palices. and fair country ;
but. alas ! says he. all is gone, ail is lost,
by the ruthless hand of desension, strife,
envy. secession. abolition and infidelity,
Lt is high time for us to paus:, and exam-
ine those things as we now find them. [i.e
negro is to be our cqnal—our heritage wast-
ed —our churches emptied —our fawily al-
tars broken up —our sons sliin—our peace-
ful homes destroyed.
ba slaughtered, to satisfy the appetites of
tionists ? No, never !
CENTRE UALL.
el init .
The sword presented ta (i:a. McClellan by
900 citizens of Boston is desribed as the
| most magnitizent weipon ever made in Am
erica. Lt cost nearly 1.0000, «nl the handig
{is set with pearls and diamom is. There
[was also presented to him a casket or shell
(inlaid with mother of pearl a § finished
Must this generation !
these babbling voliticians and iafid 1 aboli- |
For the Watchman)
ADJOURNED COUNTY INSTITUTE.
According to previous notice the Institute
convened at 1 o'clock in the Presbyterian
Church, at Port Matilda, The President,
E. T. Darworth in the chair—the exercises
were opened with prayer by the Supt.
A committee was apppointed to prepare
business for the Institute. Supt. Hollahan
then made a short address. Appheants for
Professional Certificates now handed in their
names. Drills in Orthography, Reading and
Pennmanship were engaged in by the tezch-
ers generally. The following question was
then proposed for discussion, “Is the Leg
iclature justifiable mm making it incumbent
on teachers to attend Township lustitutes 27
It wae decided in the affirmative. In the
evening, Professer I. Weaver addressed
the audience, afier which several Essays
were read, some of which, were gute inter
esting, and elicited congratulatory remarks
from the audience. The question was pro-
posed, ‘Should thesalary of female teachers
9¢ the same as males, their attainments be-
ing equal. It was opened by -the Supt. on
the aflirwative, followed by H. Y. Sutzer
in the negative, who argued the question in
quite a humorous style. Mr, Richards, a
citiz:n, by permission of the President, then
made a few remarks in unqualified terma in
favor of females receiving oq anal salavies with
males, which was recived with marked ap-
plause, especially, by the females. After a
spirited discussion, in which many partic
pated. the gnestion was, on motion pusipoa-
el indctinitely.
SATURDAY MOBNING
Institute opened with prayer by the Pres-
ident. An Fssay wasreadby W_ 8 M.Fea-
ters, on self education, Class drills a
written snd Intellectual Arithmetic, Greog-
raphy, Grammer ana Accentuation. were
condncted by differe at teachers wi bi mark-
ed ability, particularly those in Geography
and’ written Arithmetic. The President
then appointed Committees on Resolutions
and Publication. Ou motion adjourned.
SATURDAY AFTERNOON.
The Institate convened at 1 o'clock —
Prayer by the Supt. [lustration of cave
root with blocks by Mr. Blackburn. The
question * Can Schools be governed with ut
the use of the rod” was then argued. It
was opened by Prof, T. Weaver, who was
followed by a number of teachers of both
sexes. The Chairman of the Committee on
resolutions then reported, which was receiv-
ed and unanimously adopted. Supt. Holla-
hun then wade some excellent remarks to
the teachers and directors urging upon the
latter the necessity of visiting tho school.
On motion of Mr. Weaver avote of thanks
was tendered the Sex on for his servioes du-
ring the session of the Instivate. Gi mo-
tion of the same gentlemen a committoe way
appointed to request copies of the Eisays
for publication. On motion adjourned
RESOLUTIONS.
Twpelled by the instinctive longings of
soul for truth, and incited by the progress
exhibited everywhere by fellow teachers and
believing that there is still a higher d-stiny
to be attained. Therefore, Resolved 1st.
That to property educate the masses that
they may be beneficial to themselves, and
the communities in which they act, shoy
receive the sincere cooperation of cyery
{riend of human progress: Resolved 21
That to accomplish this the [nstiuciors
Should possess a high grade of moral ani
intellectual excellence, and that lustitutes
are a means by which to obtamn (he
same.
Resolved 3d. That we hearilly indore
the action of the L-gislatare in making it
obligatory upon teachers to attend Town-
ship Institutes every alcernate Saturday and
would recommend that they should aiso re-
quired to attend the county institute.
Resolved 4 h. That every S:hool T ash-
er should read and circulate the Pennsylva-
nia Sahnoi Jornal. |
Resolved 5th. That the thanks of the
Insiitate are due to the Trus ees of the
Church for ther kindness in grantine its
uxe fres of charge. and to the commanity
for their hospitality during our short but
plesent stay in their mids
Resolved 6th. That ihe m nutes be pah-
lished in one or more of the county pa-
pers.
BE. S Dorwonri
R. U. Crosstuw ara.
to wr x
COMING EVENTS,
“Coming events cast their shadows be-
fore.” Gradually, yet surely and determin i-
iy. thy desperate men who now conta the
Government. are f rwarding the scheme of
ovniraliz ng the whole power of the nation
in the loads of the pres dent. States are to
be robb d of thers wereignty, and Iuo't in
ahjost suhserviency at the feet of the gener-
al Government, by force of mn «if need be.
The first grand olyj ct to the uccessful ne-
complishment of this infamous scheme ig to
seenre thy complete cotrol of the mili ary
forces for the States. nthe Staes nov un
d r control of Aholition (3 w.raers this is at-
ready accomplished. as the (Gorveraors ars
L.alers in the conspiracy. The only things
to be sccomplished, to mn ke the scheme a
RUCCCSY, is Ey secure control of the milita in
the States under DD moeratic authority. Tha
| attempt is not boing made in New York. If
successful, American Liberty gad personal
freedom are at an end in this country. —
There 18 no use shatting (nes ayes to these
unplesant facts. They sare us boldly in
the face. Soon we will feel the iron grasp
(of military despotisin ahout our very throat.
And still we slamher. [Lave you forgotton
that “eternal virilence is the prece of Liber-
ty." Will we, like foolish Troj ms. be lull-
elinto farther insecurity by the proffered
“wooden horse” of the admyinistrajion ? —
A nericaas. your lit erties are in danger ! —
| Tt may be considera treason to warn you
of it, byt we scorn the tyrant’s power and
| sound the tocsin of atarm. We are rapidly
( duiting towards a military despotism: Qui-
{etly fuld your hands, if you will. and disre-
believe that He 1s now nunishing us for our | With £0ld, containing a ist af the subscri-| gard the warning aatil itis to ite, but soon
sins. and that when his wise ends be ac-
comy lished, and we his rebellions p-ople,
have been humbled Lefore thm, He will
again unvail Himself to us and make our
country the greatest land beneath the
sun. Then purified by our afllictions we
shall be better able to appreciate His bles-
sings and to rememoer “lim wh doeth all
things well.”
In the meantine let us pray, that
day, so longed ard hoped for, miy sron ar-
rive, and do all 10 qur power to ally the
| bers to the sword.
| LE Ltn
| Two ladies. while en. MeClellan was atl
passage theo Springtiel 1, Mass, robbed a
! military can, which they supposed to he the |
Geacral's of both its buttons, tearing thom |
| out ruthlessly, to be pre ed as memen-
| oes. The mortification of their feeling and
| the redness of their faces can be imagined,
this when one of the aids pat on the wut lated fell down on the
(cap, and the general’ put on his vu which
was intact, :
er or Liter the fact will force its=lfupon you.
Under this false war cry of union, the ysur-
| pers at Washi ston are forging f
{ shat ara tq hind you to § siavish despotism,
— Exchange.
: —o———
oo Recently an
named Martha
while on her
aged German woman,
Solony, of Lancaster county,
way to thy ei, syddenly
turapike and expired. Lo
18 supposed she” was attack with nppo-~
| plexy. ?
the chaing'
g oe J
nimi
abi
IOAN