> — » ah ‘ Su sms 2 De VOL. 8. ‘BELLEFONTE. pe FRIDAY MORNING, JAN. 8, 1862 NO. 1. The Carrier's Address TO THE PATRONS OF THE DEMOCRATIC WATCHMAN. Oace more the Carrier wends his way, From door to door, this New Year's day; And brings to all his Annual Song, As, wearily, he plods along. \ song ef peace it might have been, But passion ruled the hearts of men. The Old Year ends—the New begins With sounds of War and honid dins ; And all throughout the land a cry Of anguish reaches to the sky. The thundering cannon’s awful roar le-echo’giack from sea to shore, ‘od Prac her dove-like wings hath spread, And, shrieking, from the land hath fled ! I'he year of Eighteen-Sixty-Two, In bloody deeds hath equals few ; { ient nation ever gave ny brave sons to the grave, As we, in two, short, little years, Have sacrificed in blood and tars. Oh! what a crime and grief and shame Now clings to fair Columbia's name! European nations scoff and jeer And mock us with a bitter sneer; They laugh to see oar Country hurled (Which once could stand against the world), Down to the depths of civil strife, \Where brother takes his brother's life ! Ah, yes! the despots langh with glee "To see the downfall of the Free! Alas! that dear Columbia’s soil, Which yields to all the sons of toil Ier rich rewards—should e’er have been "The altar for man’s bloody sin! Alas! the widow's dismal groans ! Alas! the dying soldier's moans ! Alas! the orphan’s blinding tears! Alas! alas! these bitter years ! Aud when will all this misery cease ? When will the blessed bund of peace A unite our severed land North and South go hand in hand ? Oh! what a happy, happy day, When Love resumes her peaceful sway, And Northmen say to Soathmen, “Cog ! We've bul one land, one hope, one home! And ‘Then war and strife our land no more Shall drench with blood and human gore; But firm, united, ve shail stand, A proud, unconquerable band ; Aud, © rallying ‘round our liberty,” We ll be the blest home of the free! And all who fear a tyrant’s bars, Shall bless the *¢ glorious Stripes and Suars. But that day yet seems distant far ! Yet rolls the * thunder-drain® of war ; Aud hire’ cach mountain, valley, plain, The echoes thunder back again. The bare earth drinks in crimson streams — ‘I'he children startle in their dreams— And mighty hosts are marching forth , ; Lincony dreams in Washington, About old Afrie’s colored son ; though the white man starve for bread, K-nyed darkey must be fed ! vail La ckest critne ! could any pen Record a baser act of men, Who for the rake of Afric’s race, Have plang ed ug in this deep disgrace ? The Umon soldier bleeds in vain— His lite, {or naught, bedews the plain ; in vain the Lloody batt le-ticld— Ln vain the ghttering spear and shield, While AponiTioN, rampant, rears its cursed head through groans and tears, And swears that, tHough the Union fall The Southern slaves twill disenthral. But let us not yet gnite despair, For every cloud that hangs in air Hath "round its edge a silver line, Still borrowed from the glad sunshine, So thus our * cloud,” though gloomy still, May be illumined if we will ;, Then let us hope and look before, Unto the Sux of Sixav-Foun ! The dawning of that day shill be Our liber ty’s best guarantee For then Democracy’s brigh} sun Shall light us in the course we run; - And LiNcoLy and his craven band Shall cease to vex our bleeding land ; And once again PROSPERITY Shall be the birthright of the Free ! And now, kind friends, I've said my say, And, if you please, will go my way, i Hoping that all may find good cheer To help them through this sad New-Year. Pray. don’t forget before I go, A “@ vter” on me to bestow ; "I'wX «id you to remember me, And give you joy in 'Sixty-THRes ! JOHN NOLAN. BrLLeroNTe, JAN. 1, 1868, CENTRE COUNTY TEACHERS' IN- SLTUTE. H Sie In pursuance: of adjournment and previous notice having seen given the Ingtitute met at Millheim of Wednesday the 24h, day of December A,7), 1862- The President being absent Thos. ¥ollahan Sup't, took the chair and called upd Rev. Mr. Craig who opened the session wth prayer, after which the Sup’t briefly sated the object of the Insti- tute and the tanner in which he wished it to be couduotd, also the mode of examining teactieis who Yere applying for Professional certificates, a number of teachers being ab- sent it was on motion adjourned to meet at 1 O'clock P. M, 1 O'clock P. M.—The house was called to order by the Pres. Pro-tem— Prayer by Prof. Allen--the roll was then called and the minutes of the previous session read and adopted—Prof. Allen of Chester County be- ing introduced—delivered zn able address on the snbject of conducting Institutes.— No business being prepared Mr. E. P. For- esman was called upon who arose and read a thesis—subject ‘Education a source of bap- pmess.”” The regular President having ar- rived, took the chair—on motion—the con- stitution was read, after which the following named persons were appointed a committee to prepare business for the different sessions during term— to wit, Thos. Hollahan, J. Zimmerman, M. R. Reber. E. ©. Darworth and W. A. Murry—also a Financial com- mittee—viz., T. G. Ehrhart, Wm. F. Tib- bins and H. Dasher, Mrs. R. A. War was appointed assistant Secretary. The busi. ness committee announced that the first thing in order was a class drill on the Ele- mentary sounds of the Engiish language, by W. S. McFeeters, which was then proceed- ed with in quite a masterly manner, the drill was thorough. On motion, the Institute proceeded to make out a perfect list of the names of the teachers present with their places of resi- dence, this being attended to, it was on mo- tion—Resolved that hereafter the honrs of convening the Institute, be, 8% o'clock A. M. and one P. M. the hours of adjournment, 114 o'clock A.M. and 4P. M., evening session to convene at 6% o'clock P. M. On motion, Resolved, that a box be pre- cured in which to place questions, to be an swered by the members. | The following question was proposed for the consideration of the Institute; “Is the teacher to devote his whole time 10 the in- rerest of the school, or only six hours 27 — The discussion wos opencd by A. A. Ker. lin who was foliowed by Messrs. Hill, Neft. Foresman and McGee. Prof. Allen closeg the subject, be thought the subject was not fully understood, and tnat four Lours were sufficient for confinement in the schooi-room. on motion, the further discussion was post- poved till the evening session. Institute adjourned. 4 4 EvENiNG SESA ION —04 eelock, P. M.— President in thi Char. Opening prayer by the Rev. — -~S8choch. Music by the Choir of Millheim, In charge of their lead er, Mr. Moyer dafinr which tho soll was | called, the members present responding to i their name + with very appropriate seni- | ments. Music by the Choir. The Vice | Presidents were called upon and took their | seats, when the President delivered a neat and rppropria ¢ Inaugural Address. An Iissay was then read by Miss Rusa Hannah. Sut ject—* Man," —which was followed by Rev. ——— Schoch on the subject of + Fe male Education.” Ile advocated, with nerally approved, Music by the Choir. The discussion of the question, *‘ Should the teacher devote his whole titre to the in- terest of the scheol or only six hours? was resumed. Opened by A. A. Kerlin, foliow- ed by Messrs. T. Weaver, McGee, Dor- worth and Dasher. Mr, Kerlin replicd and was followed by Messrs. Ehrhart and Sup't allahan, the latter making a few explana- tory remarks. The discussion was then closed. On motion Resolved That no wember of this Insti- tute shall oceuny the floor more than twice on any subject, and not more than ten min- utes at one time. ron ‘sunny South’ “wi North !' . RE : ' Fron sunny South’ and * wintry North | reat force, Woman's Rights,” which was Upon consideration this Resolution was ro amended as to hmit the second time of speaking to five minutes. A Resolution was offered that the expen- ses of the Institute be defrayed wiih the amount of the tax levied upon the teachers, A lively discussion arose upon this point, - he financial committee asserted that there would be funds sufficient in their hands to defray the expenses, The resolution, upon motion of Mr. Weaver, was laid upon the table. The Business Committee then re- ported their Programme for the morning session. A number of questions, which had been placed in the box, were read and answered, and, after music by the Choir, the Institu.e, on motion, adjourned. Tuurspay MORNING, DEC. 25-84 o'clock. —The House was called to order by the Presid nt. Prayer by Mr. Wolf. First bu- sess in order was a class-drill in Geogra. phy, by Professor Allen, who conducted the drill in an interesting manner. Mr. Fores- ‘wan gave his method of proof with regard to the rotundity of the earth. 20d. A class-drill in Grammar conduet- ed by Prof. Allen. He showed that neither parsing nor analyzing will give the child a correct idea of Grammar, but should be tak- en in connection. Also the difference be- tween grammatical and rhetorical grammar, in a lucid manner. He then gave a con- densed lecture upon the subject in general. 3rd. A class-drill in Alligation Alternate, by Theo. Weaver, who illustrated his meth- od of teaching it in an able and masterly manner. The class consisted of Messrs Me- Featers, Foresman and Rearick, The time having expired, the class was excused. The following question was then discussed : Is it good to establsh schools of a higher grade for the benefit of advanced pupils ? The discussion was opened by Mr. Rarick who took the affirmative of the guestion,— . President—E. S. Dorworth. He was followed by A. A. Kerlin, who thought it impossible to grade schools in ru- ral districts. Superintendent Hollahan spoke at length on the propriety of having graded schools in every 4th or 5th district or one in cach tuwnship. The Busiuess Committee then reporte”. It was proposed that questions be handed in at the close of each session to be answer- ed at the commencement of the next, which proposition was agreed to. Adjourned. AFTERNOON Session. —House called to or- der by the President. Prayer by Rev, Lees. Minutes ‘of the previous session were re- ceived with their amendments. - First thing ia order was a class-drill in Mental Arith- metic, conducted by E. S. Dorworth, eagh teacher giving his method of solution of the different questions asked, which elicited some remarks from those engaged. Prof. Allen, by permission of the President, asked the class a few questions which were answer- ed quite satisfactorily. Next, a class-drill in Read'ng, conducted by Prof. Allen, con. sisting of four ladies and four gentlemen. — He desired that they should read in a natu- ral and unaftecced manner, endeavoring to give prominence to the thoughts of the au- thor, rather than make a display. Report of the Business Committee was read. Hon. Wm. C. Duncan arose and stated that it was not the intention of the Trustees of the Town Hall to charge anything for the use of their room. The time having arrived, the Institute adjourned. EVENING SessioN—64 o’/ock.—The House was called to order by the Superintendent. Prayer by the Rev. Mr. Schoch. On motion of Theo. Weaver, a subscription was taken to compensate the Mifflinburg Band for their services and Hon. W. C. Duncan, Dr. Musser and Messrs Weaver, Dorworth and Harter were appointed a committee to trans- act said business. A committec was also appointed to wait on the Band and solicit their attendance this evening. The time in- terveuing was improved by Prof. Weaver, who made some very good remarks on ‘‘or- der.” The Band having arrived, they dis- coursed some very excellent music. The roll was then called and the members pres- ont responded with appropriate sentiments. Minutes read and received. Music by the Band. An Essay was then read by Miss | Sallie Keller on the subject of « Mental ! Culture.”” Tt was followed by an address | from Prof. Weaver, on ‘The Philosophy of Progress.” Music by the Band. An Es- say was then read by Mrs, R.A. Ward ‘supject—* tow Christmas Finds Us.”— Music by the Band. Next an address to Parents and Teachers, by Prof. Allen. The President appointed Messrs. Weaver, Hoy and Magee a commuttee to draft a Pre- amble and Resolutions, The report of the Business Committee was then heard. Ques- tion-Box was opened and questions read and answered. Critics reported. Music. Ad- journed. MorxNiNG Session, Dec. 26—8 o'clock The Ilouse was called to order by the Presi- dent. Prayer by Secretary Lose. Minutes read aad approved. Roll called quite a number of teachers absent. The President appointed E. P. Foresman, Mrs. Mittie Hol- loway and Miss Sallie J. K ller a committee on nominations. A class-drill in Primary Arithmetic was then conducted by R. H. Crosthwaite. Prof. Allen explained the supposed origin of figures. A c¢ass-drill in Written Arithmetic by Prof. Hoy, An ad- dress by Mrs. Mittie Holloway, on ths sub- tions then reported, which report was adopt- ed, with the exception of one resolution, which was stricken out. RESOLUTIONS. Wares, The condition of manis di- rectly dependant upon menial, moral, and physical culture ; and Wasreas, well di-| rected effort is necessary toevery degree of success in the work of improvement, and as the greatest amount of culture and improve- ment are attained only by an extensive and well conducted system, therefore, Resolved, That the common school sys- tem is a broad basis, upon which may be founded a grand union of all that is excel- lent and great. 4 Resolved, That we humbly bow before the inscrutable government of God, who has eeu proper to remars fom OU widst, Lu- ther C. Nefl, our former Secretary, who fell in the second battle at Manassas, while de- fending onr Constitutional rights, and that we hereby express our sorrow for him, and our sympathy for his many bereaved friends and relatives. £8 Resolved, That while we deeply regret the causes that have abseoted nany of. the best male teachers of the county; inspired by their active patrio ism to ne doyble our diligence, to fill our places ‘as ably in the school as they do theirs in the army, and that we regard the enterprise of our lady teachers as angther argument in favor of an equal rank as teachers. ’ Resolved, That we deeply "deplore the present unhappy condition of our Conntry, and sincerely hope it may soon be restored to al! its former greatness ; and as loyal cit- izens revere that heaven-ordained,. sacred instrament—the Constitution of the United States. into our schools some suitable government- al instructor, such as, “‘Mansfields’ Politi- cal Manual,” or **Dr. Harts Exposition of the Constitu'ion of the United States.’ Resolved, That we kindly appreciate the services rendered by Prof. Allen. Resolved, That we should tuke un active part in district Institutes to enhance our quahfications and not merely to save the dollar. Resolio ld FE 3 thanks to the Millheim Chir, led by J. G. Meyer, for znlivening 0 r sessions by their soul-inspiring music. Also, That we highly appreciate the ser vices rendered by the Mifflinburg Band ; yet we arc opposed to Wasting our time by giv- ing too much attention to Brass Bands, and that we, hereafter, substitute vocal music for such. Resolved, That we express our most sin- cere gratitude, to the people of Millheim and vicinity, for their kind hospitality. On motion of T. G. Ehrhart, the following resolution was embodied in the Li port Resolved, That as Teachers, we recom- mend the re-electionof County Superintend- ent Hollahan. Evexise Session. —House called to order by the President. Music by the Choir.— Prayer by Prof. T. Weaver. Minutes read and adopted. Roll called and responded to with appropriate sentiments. Music by the Choir. Ao Essay was read by Mis. Iollo- way on the “ lleroism of Queen Vashti.” That en. 2 Sigemiiant ge ject of ** Our Glorious Flag.” An Essay was then read by Miss M. E. Hunter, on the | subject of +The Co-operation of Parents | and Teachers." A class-drill on ““Penman- | ship,” conducted by E. S. Dorworth. The nominating committee reported and theelection was held. Messrs Swartz and Sharer were appointed Tellers, who announ- ced the following persons as officers for the ensuing year : — Vice-Presidents —Mrs. R. A. Ward and Miss Maggie Elder. Recording Secretaries—R. H. Crosthwaite and R. M. Magee. Corresponding Sec’t'y—J. R, Zimmerman. Treasurer—T. G. Ehrhart. Librarian—T. B. Hollahao. The Business Committea then reported, and the Institute adjourned. AFTERNOON SEssioN—1 o'clock.—House called to order with the Superintendent in the Chair. Prayer by the Rev, Mr. Schoch. A committee was then appointed to wait on the Millheim Choir aud solicit their attend- ance this evening. Minutes read and adopt- ed. Roll called. The Institute was then enlivened by music. Prof. Allen drilled a class mm Gymnastics: Also a drill on the Constitution of the United States, by the same person. The following places were proposed as suitable for holding the next County Insti- tute: Pinegrove Mills, Centre Hall ana Stormstown. Tle latter place was chosen. Financial Committee then reported. The President announced that an Institute is ap- pointed to be held at Port Matilda, on Fri- day, the 6th day of February, to be com. posed of the townships of Worth, Taylor, Huston, Union, Boggs, Ferguson, Half- moon, Potter, Burnside, Spring and Snow- shoe and the Boroughs of Bellefonte, Miles- burg snd Unionville. The following persons were appointed a committee on publication : Ar address was then delivered by Prof, Al- len on ¢: Physical Geography.” On motion, it was Resolved, That we ten- der to the Trustees of this Halt our heart felt thanks for the fice use of the room and in an cspecial manner do we tender our si. cere and cordial thauks to Dr. P, T. Musser and Hon. W. C. Duncan, for their indcfatiga. ble labor 1n rendering our stay-ar ong them pleasant and agreeable. Resolved, Tfiat W, S. McFeaters, E. I. Foresman and John Zimmerman ve a com- wittee to confer with the editors of the County papers to ascertain whether a col- umn cannot be secured in their papers as a Teachers’ Department, to be edited by the teachers of the County. The County Superintendent issued Pro- fessional Certificates to the following gentle men: W. 8. McFeaters, E. P. Foresman and John Rearick, atfended with #pecial re- marks, and, after thanking the teachers ror their response to his call, introauced the newly clected President. Op motion, T. Hollahan and J. W. Hoy were appointed a committee to conduct the Vice-Presidents to their seats. On motion, the Institute requested the Essays of Mrs. Ward, Mrs. Holloway and Misses Hunter, Hannah and Keller, for pub- lication. > Reports of critics were then read. Min- utes of this session were also read. On motion, adjourned to meet at Storms- town one year hence. : H, Y. STITZER, President. D. F. Luss, Secretary, An exchanges says: What was done can be done again. The same army that crossed over ro Fredericksburg and assailed enemy, can do it again ii that is bost, at present, to do so.~-Enough is as gool asa feast. em df A Ae rns Jas. H. Rankin, W, 8. Mcleaters and Mrs. Tr is said the moon has nine ceals left, “TRAITO' Nine brisoners were released from Fort Lafayette on Saturday. One of the priso- ners was a boy of seventeen, “suspected of disloyalty to the government.” In ordina- ry and peaceful times we shall be told it would have been quite absurd and even dis- graceful to arrest a mere boy on sacha charge as this. With all the machinery of 1aws, judges, jurors, sheriffs and jails, the Country could have protected itself against the disloyal plots 8nd arts of a boy of sev- enteen. But ¥n the midst of civil war it is neither safe, it will be said, for the nation to put its trust in these protestions, nor even in the equally orderly and well guard- ed though more peremptory processes of martial law within the field of actual mili- tary occapation. Safety in such erises ours , against boys of scventcen, can only be secured by putting the whole area of all the twenty loyal States under martial law and putting every person beyond eighteen years of age, against whom the mere sus- picion of disloyalty is breathed, through a process which is neither according to the code martial or civil ; a process which con- sists in arrest without s~rrant, incarcera- tion without trial, liberation ww. *idem- nity of exculpation. It is extraordinary that the exquisite justice and the splendid success of this process is not better appre- ciated by the people among whom it is tried ; that when a man like D+. Edson B. Olds, now imprisoned in Fort Lafayette, 18 thus treated, the people of his district (Fairfield, Ohio, ) choose him to represent them in the State Legislature by the major ity 1,500, a heavier majority Ly 700 than any man of his party ever obtained. It is to be feared that in Obio there is still a lingering reverence for such obsolete and abstractions as “‘liberty,” ‘the rights of ecitizens,’’ and +‘due process of law.”—XN. Y. World "” OF SEVENTEEN. THE EMANCIPATION TRIUMPH IN ~ “MISSOURT-HOW GAINED. fk, The Abolitionists are boasting of a victory inlissouri. But it appears now that some foul means were employed ‘0 biing about the result. The following shows one of the means by which the victory was gained.— It appears that in each county are certain Federal military officers known as assessors. In Marion County these military assessors issued a handbill npon the threshold of the election, addressed to the people, in which they say; “I'he Sub committee of Assessment for Marion County has been appointed by Gen. Merrill, and the work of levying and collec- ting will immediately commence: «Parties whose loyalty has beea in the least suspected heretofore, will now find it very difficult to escape assessment, unless they now show a record unquestionably and unequivocally for the Government, snstain- ing it in all i s measures for putting down rebellion. To vote for men opposed to the policy of the Government is a disloyal act. Every such voter places him on the disloyal list, and becomes a proper subject for taxa- tion. You, then, who would escape taxa- tien, must vote right on Tuesday !—A word to the wise is sufficient.” A Letter SkexiNG 11s AurHOR.~—The’ chief clerk in the post office, Harry Uhler, Esg., bas placed on our table, a letter ad- dressed to “Sergeant A. Wallace, care of Captain Hallande, Fort Sigel, Winchester, via Washington, D. C.’ This letter was forwarded to the Harrisburg I. O. by an officer of the army into whose hands it had fallen. The Sergeant to whom jt is address- ed, was killed by the explosion of a magazine near Winchester, and as the letter contains no evidence of the locality in which it was written, nor of the name of the writer, we thus publish its address, hoping that it may lead to the discovery of both. Will om co- temporaries publish this notice. and thus assist in gaining this information. ‘I'ne wri- ter of the letter to Sergeant Wallace, by addressing a note to the Harrisburg P. 0, can obtain her epistle and other information in regard to Sergeant Wallace of great im- portance to his friends. Ap tn (TA horse doctor ina Western town was once clected constable. He was a thrifty well to do farrier and blacksmith, and doctored and shod all the horses for twenty miles around. After peng comita- ble for a year or two, he took to hard drin- king and become poor. Finally, he deter- mined to reform, but found it hard work to quit his drinking habits. One day a man hrought a horse to him be doctored.