IMiseellangous,
THE VIRGINIA AND KENTUCKY
RESOI.UTIONS,
OF
1798 and 1799.
Kentucky Resolutions
from the cognizance of federal tribunals.—
That therefore the act of the Congress of
the United States, passed on the 14th day of
July, 1798, entitled, “An act in addition to
the act entitled an act for the punishment
of certain crimes against the United States ”
which dges abridge the freedom of the press,
is not law, but is altogether void and of no
force.
4. That alien friends are under the juris-
fied in their late federal compact, to be |wealth in requesting their repeal at the [and representatives, representing this State
in the United States. 3
* From The Cincinnati Platform,
friendly to the peace. happiness, and pros- | next session of Congress.
perity of all the States— that faithful to the .
compact, according to the plain intent and
meaning in which it was understood and BY JAMES MADISON.
acceded to by the several parties, it is sin~ — ¥
cerely anxious for its preservation; that it| 1 Resolved, That the,General : Assembly
does also believe, that to take from the | of Virginia doth unequivocally express a
States all the powers of self government, | firm resolution to maintain and defend the
and transfer them to a general and consoli | Constitution of the United States, and the
Virginia Resolutions,
Resolved, That the Democratic party
will faithfully abide by and uphold the prin-
ciples laid down in the Kentucky and Vir-
gina resolutions of 1798, and in the report
of Mr. Madison to the Virginia Legislature
in 1779°that 1t adopt those principles as cons
orthography ? No! An ungrammatical con
struction of a sentence? No! He pointed
out the supposed philosophical miapplication
of a certain word ! ! !
This was the only error he had to point
out then. But, in conversation with him
on eaturday evening last, he appears to have
found out several more of the same kind ;
but, what cannot a man find out in a whole
out? A typographical error? No! False ly supplied them with books when they
needed them at cost. But it is the unnecessa-
| Ty sacrifice the people are called on to make,
that I oppose. What course does an agent
for the introduction of new books pursue ?
{ ITe first ascertains who the school Directors
are, and having dogged them one by one
together, he asks them to do-=what? Ile
asks them to pass a resolution compelling
thelr people to throw away the books they
diction and protection of the laws of the [dated governipent, without regard to the | Constitution of this State, against every ag- stituting one of the main foundations of its | year, if he sets himself to work in earnest,
States wherein they are ; that no power over | special government, and reservations sol- | gression, either foreign or domestic, and
them has been delegated to the United | emnly agreed to in that compact, is not for | that they will support the Government of them out in their obvious meaniug and im-| they exist or not?
States, nor prohibited to the individual | the peace, happiness or prosperity of these | the United States in all the measures war- port. curs to my mind. Perhaps I had as well | bound to economize ; to save evety dollar
States distinct from their powers over citi~ | States. And that therefore this common- | ranted by the former, — = put it down. It can give offence to no one, | and to spend nothing, except it be to Procure
mission to the General Government, but that | Z€08, and it being true, as a general princi- | wealth is dezermined, as it doubts not its| 2. The General Assembly most solemnly A LETTER oR SrEUE LIVING- | as I onlyallude to it, on general principles. | the necessaries of life, and feels that all Ls
by compact, under the style and title of a | Ple; and one of the amendments to the Con | co States are, to submit to undelegated and | declares a warm attachment ta the Union of . Who knows how eloquently, long, learned | is, and all he posesses, is sacredly dedicated
Constitution for the United States, and of | Sttution having also declared that the | consequently unlimited powers in no man, the States, to maintain which it pledges SW iny: Toiton:— and loud, an agent may not declaim on the | to his country’s cause. At such a time as
amendments thereto, they constituted a | POWers not delegated to the United States | or body of men on earth ; that if the acts its powers ; and that, for this end, it is their We certainly live in an age of won- superiority of his books, before a quoram of | this, does he wish to have the people make
General Government for special purposes, by the Constitution, nor prohibited to the before specified should stand, these conclu- duty to watch over aad oppose every infrac ders. One day we hear of a military chief, School Directors, whom be has dogged | this sacrifice. :
delegated to that government certain defi- | States, aro reserved to the States respective- | sions flow from them, that the gereral gov- | tion of those principles, Which constitute sitting in u telegraph office, kecping him- together, (I should apologize fir the uso of | A word as to the relative prices of the
nite powers, reserving each State to itself | '¥» Of to the people,” the act of the Con- | ernment may place any act they think prop- | the only basis of that Union, because a self posted as to the movements of a battle, | thie unseemly word ; but there is no other| books. There is no difference in the prices
the residuary mass of right to their own |&ress of the United States, passed the 22d | er on the list of crimes and punish it them- faithful observance of them alone can se- lyon taking place thirteen hundred miles | Word in our language which will properly | of any, but the fiirt, second and third read-
self govers-yent, and that whensover the day of June, 1798, assumes power over selves, whether enumerated or not enumera- | cure its existence and the public happi- distant, aud giving orders accordingly. | ©00vey the correct idea, ) when, perhaps, ers. When Sanders’ were being introduced
General Government assumes undelegated aliens not delegated by the Constitution, is | ted by the Constitution, cognizable by them, | ness. Another day, a small, novel shaped vessel not a single one of their number would be their prices corresponded exactly with
powers, its acts are unauthoritative, void, | not law, but is altogether void of force. : that they may transfer its cognizance to Tug 3. That this Assembly does explicitly and | js seen, sailing about, laughing to scorn the willing to undertake a critical examination | those of Osgoods’ now. But it always has
and of no force ; that to this compact each | 5. That in addition to the general pri1- | PRESIDENT OR ANY OTHER PERSON, WHO MAY peremtonily declare, that it views the pow- | solid shot hurled from guns of largest cali_| of & single book, and thus they are left| been the case, and, I presume always will
State acceded as a State, and is an integral | CiPle as well as the express declaration, that | HIMSELF BE THE ACOUSER, COUNSEL, JUDGE, | ers of the Federal Government, as resulting | bres, and shivering to atoms, as th ough | t0 the mercy of interested, unscrupulous, | be, that, so soon us books are introduced,
party ; that this government, created by |POWes not delegated are reserved, another AND JURY, WHOSE SUSPICIONS MAY BE THE | from tl.e compact, to which the States are they were mere playthings, ships of the and designing men. Well, I concluded that the publishers begin to tinker them. Ong
this compact, was not made the exclusive or | 3d more special provision inferred in the | EVIDENCE, His ORDER THE SENTENCE, His OF parties, as limited by the plain sense and | largest size ; which, heretofore, were louked | ™Y 8Tguments had prevailed with the gen- | is dressed in a new cover; another Las a
final judge of the extent of the powers dele | Constitution, from abundant caution, has | FICER TIE EXECUTIONER, AND HIS BREAST THE | intention of the instrument constituting that | upon as the strength and pride of the navy, | tleman, and hoe left. = Anather fact. Some fow illustrations added, or a few definitions
gated to itself ; since that would have made | declared, ¢ that the migration or importation | SOLE RECORD oF THE TRANSACTION, that a | compact —as no further valid than they are | dooming all on board to a watery grave, in | Hil@ after this, I dont know bow long, a|supplied; aud as the laborer is always .
its discretion and not the Constitution, the of such persons as any of the States HOW eX- | Very numerous and valuable description of | authorized by the grants enumerated in that | a moment of time. And still on another | School Director came oto my sstore, and | worthy of his hire, they charge for it, thus
measure of its powers ; but that, as in all | isting shall think proper to admit, shall not the inhabitants of these States, being by compact; and that in case of a deliberate | when the armed hosts are rushing to the | be had made it his business to call and see enhancing the price above what it was when
other cases of compact, among parties hav. | b¢ probibiteg by the Congress prior to the | this precedent reduced as outlaws to abso- palpable and dangerous exercise of other | conflict, amid the roar of canzon, and the| Why Sander’s books could no be gotten.” | introduced. This hut a “ swith”? of old
ing no common judge, EACH PARTY HAS AN | Year 1808” that this commonwealth does | lute dominion of one man, and the barriers powers not granted by the said compact, | din and horrors of war, a man is seen sit- |! tld him I could furnish him with a thous- | Mammon’s * way,” and he who expects him
HQUAL RIGHT TO JUDGE FOR ITSELF AS wer | #@dmit the migration of Alien friends describ- | of the Constitution thus swept from us all, |rgg States wo ARE PARTISS THERETO, | ting at his case in the air, communicating | 0d dollar's worth, if he wished it. He|to change his course, certainly has faith
OF INFRACTIONS AS OF THE MODE AND MuAs- | €d a8 the subject of tae said act concerning | no rampart now remains against the passions HAVE THE RIGHT AND ARK IN DUTY BOUND 10 | to his general in flashes of lightning, the | 58id ** this is a bad business; our Directors suficiently strong to remove mountains.
BE OF REDRESS, aliens ; that a provision against prohibiting | and the power of a majority of Congress to | xrurros FOR ARRESTING THE PROGESS OF | progress of the battle and the position of | ha¥e introduced Osgood’s readears because | But this article is becoming entirely too
The Constitution of the United States was | their migration, isa provision all acts equiv- protect from a like exportation or rather | ggg EVIL, AND FOR MAINTAINING within their | the enemy. Aud last, but not least, though | it Was represented to them that Saaders | long, I must close. ~ Still before doing so, I
formed by the sanction of the States, given | 2lent thereto, or it would be nugatory ; that | grievous Punishment the monty of the respectiye limits, the authorities, rights and | neither ofa military, political or scientific, could not be had.” Sometime after this, I{ would say I would like so well to have =
by each in 1ts sovereign capacity. It adds | to remove them when migrated is equiva’ | same body, the legislators, judges, Gover: {|iperties appertaining to them, but ove of a purely literary nature, viz. received a letter from three, and perhaps list of those *¢ seventy schools supplied Ti
to the stability and dignity, as well as to lent to a prohibition of the migration, and nors and counsel.ors of the States, nor their 4. That the General Assembly doth also | that my communication in your last issue, four individuals, making the same inquiry, | season.” They might send me one, for, if
tho suthogity of the Constitution, that it |i therefore, contrary to the said provision | other peaceable inhabitants who may ven express its deep regret, that a spirit hath | should come out answered, not only in the but stating no reasons. My answer. was | | live but sixty years longer, I will be the
rests on this legihmate and solid feunda- | Of the Constitution, and void. ture to reclaim the constitutional rights and in sundry ins'ances, been manifested by [same sheet, but in the same column. This the same as given to the School Director. | oldest man in Centre county, and they
tion. The States, then, being the parties to 6. Resolved, That the imprisonment of a | liberties of the States, and, people, or who the Federal Government to enlarge its pow- | ie, however, just as I could have wished it, | 1Iere is a Plain statement of facts as they would be doing honor to old age. 1 thick
the Constitutional compact, and in their | Person under the laws of this Common- | for other cauSes, good or bad, may be ob. ers by forced construction of the constitu- | The just inference is, that the person who | occurred. They are for the people to sit in | they wi I, Ilhiardly know whether to sub-
sovereign capacity, 1t follows of necessity wealth on his failare to obey the simple or- noxious to the view or morked by the sus tional charter which defines them ; and |took it upon himself to answer my commu- Judgment upon. If they acquit the agent scribe myself accordicg tS
that there can be no tribunal above their au- | 4¢F Of the Breda op i ou ? $ ba avon ole Dresidest: OF 2 be thought that inclinations have appeared of a design | nication, deemed his cause so bad, that he from having anything to do With pl “Mr. Geo. Livingston a Book dealer in
thority, to decide in the last resort, such United States, as is undertal en yt ie sal ¢ Arps to his or their elections or other to expound certain genctal phrases (which | had not a moment to lose. It is seldom we the impression that Sander’s books could Bellefonte, Centre county Pa.” or a Fiiend
questions as may be of sufficient magnitude | 3% entitled Ayac concerning aliens," is interest, public or personal ; that the friend- having been copied from the very limited | gain anything by haste. I am fally per- | HOt be Lad, I shall be perfectly satisfied, for of schools, or both.
to require their interposition. The author- contrary to the Coustitution, one amend- Jess alien has Leen selected as the safest grant of power in the former articles of con. | suaded that, had he waited until my com- he looks like an honest, clever fellow. His
s : has provided, that “no per- | subject of a first experiment but the citizen | 5 . 5 : a v denial of the use of any references but those will angi oe
ity of Coostitutions over governments, and | ent In which ; Pp ¢ 2 p ; ) | n federation, were the less liable to be mise | munication came out in print, and carefully | 96nial of nov pny ER .
of the sovereignty of the people over the Sona be ne oe Pl Show i - a oR reais has already fol- construed.) so as to destroy the meaning [examined and understood by him, had he freely given him, is superfluvus. I merely| By the arrival of the Columbia, we have
Constitutions, are truths wlhich are at all | ©Ut due processor law,” and that another |lowed; for, already has a sedition act and eflectof the particular enumeration | answered it at all, it would have been in a | denied that he ever got any. And further, | dates from Havana to the 16th inst., from
i vided © that i ¥inri : : . € 5 pind 2 y .
time necessary to be kept in mind. py ig gl Pe wm by i ost Base and | Lp ch necessarily explains, and limits the [very different way. I presume I am ex-| 1 do not believe sh there > either a first | Vera Cruz to fio Ist inst., from Mexico to
BE has the Conshiturion orihie Wilke ; public trial by an Br Ved in- | less arrested on the Sei ol generalphrases, and so as to consolidate the | pected to reply to his® article, hastily and | °F second class teacher in Centro county: | the 28th ult. The most important news is
V x . . 5 ill risk bis reputation as a judge og the arrival at Martinique of lar. force.
: : : : : States by degrees, into ene sovereignty, the | prematurily gotten up, as it has heen. His | that wi f q ge re-enforce
I " y » ? i z : : H a. . »
formed as to the nature and cause of the drive those States into revolution and blood, obvious tendency, and inevitable result of feelings seem to be particularly wounded books, by recommending his Series Wha ments for the French army in Mexico,
accusation, to be confronted with the wit- | and will furnish new calumnies against re- which would be to transform the present [by the closing sentence in my communi. | influence the * twenty dollars might have | Four thousand troops left Martinique on
nesses against him, to have compulsory pres | publican governments, and new pretexts for Republican system of the Uuited States into | cation, * to escape being drafted.” I will | On the teachers of other conuties, .I am not | the Sih inst, for Vera Cruz. The French
ie . . . . . . ’ » - . . .
cess for obtaining witnesses in his favor, and | those who wish it to be believed that man an absolute, or at best a mixed monar- | relieve him this much, that, as an individ. | 50 certain; but, with ours, it would have | troops at Orizaba are reported to bo still
to have assistance of counsel for his des | cannot be governed but by a rod of iron; chy. ual, I am willing to take it back, for really, | Rone. If-they recommend his bouks, they surrounded by the Mexicans, and commu-
fense,” the same act undertaken to author- | that would be a dangerons delusion were a
. . : idea, b . . will do it freely, and stick to it. nication with Vera Cruz to be exceeding]
ize the President to remove a person out of | confidence in the men of our choice to silence | 5. That the General Assembly doth pare se SAR 0 Ndastiag - And here comes in another fact. About | difficult. The Mexican Generals, on hd
the United States who is under the protec- | our fears for the safety of our rights; that | 'ictlarly protest against the palpable and | P a ided y tins: law. book three weeks ago, a School Director from one other hand, have been almost eatirely in-
tion of the law, on his own suspicion, with- | confidence is everywhere the parent of des alarmivg infraction of tho Constitution, In 2s Peon on {as othe Am ow 9) of the Districts in which Osgood’s readers | active, and dissensions among them pol as
out jury, without public trial, without con- | potism ; free government is founded on | the two ih She the tation’ ad See ls pa 2s SE a had been introduced last season, either in frequent as ever, Doblado is reported to
i tues raj im, | i 3 v tion Acts,’ t the last ion of : s x ; : ? s
frontation of the Witngsges against hin, Jealousy and not in confidence ; It 18 the iy ae > ns a | sensibility is astonishing. He seems un- whole or in part, asked me. on what terms have resigned, and Comonfort to have
thetefire, Also the ame, ‘ant of ICuog cas without having witnesses in his favor, with-~ jealousy and not confidence which prescribes 8 ’ 5 willing to asswer a certain part of commu- |! could furnish the Directors of his township | been dismissed. The French vessel Gre-
» Dip og i sel, is contrary to limited constitutions to bind d those | Power no where delegated to the Federal | Willing : a i der’s read bligati elf to flexi
d on the 14th day of July, 1798. and | defense, without counsel, is c y i i own those | P' be y Yosliho com promises. ht to| With Sander’s readers, obligating mys nade bombarded the Mexican fort of Cam-
Passed on y Ys , these provisions, also of the Constitution, | whom we are obliged to trust with Government ; and which by uniting legisla. | hication, lest he compromises his rig lus th ight order b, is dri J
jie 0 visions: fl ny a Yor bevy ; hh ¥ o poweh tive and judicial powers to those of the exe. | the name of a gentleman. Did he consider take ack oy ui i they og ges os y By, Dr off hy" a Mexican
y efore, Zs ur constitution has fixed the hmits to i? re SA} mistake. told hinv, ad, autroduchon | schooner. Ther British Minister in Mex;
and of no force. which and vo farther our confidence may go ; | ©2tive; subverts the general principles of | What bs Sime Where Deron ibe prices, inquiring, at the ems time, if they | has issued a strong MH
That transferring the power of judging | and let the honest advocates of confidence | [Fe® Yovsraimipnt a3 wllay the Pavticulav) THIS 15 430 10: 25) 09 Senuspiols Gen) had oot introduced Osgood’s series. He despotic measures of Sri
any persons who is under the protection of | read the alien and sedition acts, and say if a a and bi JraTsians of the answered in the affirmative. But, said he, | Cruz. Public opinion in Mexico declares
the laws, from the Courts of the President the constitution has not been wise in fixing Federal ny, iy Spy “I think at the next meeting of the Board, | itself strongly in favor of opening imme-
of the United States, as is undertaken by | limits to the government it created, and oe i thereto, » power mre |ing,” in my Sormunication, It is not. a | they will gree tosupply the whole township diately negotiations for establishing a Con-
the same act concerning aliens, is agaivst | whether we should be wise ‘in destroyingi{O' 116 Stender S a “power i. retty word. I never liked it. For, if you | With Sander’s book, and if so, I will send | federation between all the American Re-
the article of the Constitution which provides | these limits ? Let him sa what the gov. |than any other, which ought to produce uni. | Pretty ds Bea, man uy list of what we want.” This 1s all | public
eR sd : a rd y E versal alarm ; because itis leveled asainst | take from ir, its participial termination, | you a list of what we L pubiies.
that the judicial power of the United States, | ernment is if it be not a tyranny, which the ’ 5 tant bit ; : that passed between us. What the trouble et Bone ee
shal! be vesied in th ts, the judges of : ry, the rights of freely examining public char. | leaving it in its naturaliverb form, it sounds | that p hate : :
shal: be vested in e courts, 1¢ judges ol | men of our choice have conferred on the y p i. | so very like the name of that sharp-nosed, | is» I know not... This may be called a stub-| By the arrival of the steamship Teutonia
which shall hold their office during good be | President, and the President of our choice acters and measures, and of free Soman. little animal, of the oderiferous species, | born fact: And. this same Director, (I|off Cape Race, we have three days later
havior,” and the said act 1s void for that rea- | has assented to and accepted over the friend. | cation among the people theron, which has tliat fe 0 smavingly fund of chickens, The parade no. man’s name in public print) news from Europe. The movements of
son also, and it is further to be noted that ly strangers, to whom the mild spirit of our | Ver been justly deemed ig only effectual facts | statement which he lattes is a thorough educated man, fully capable | Garilaldi are increasing in importance,
Tentitory. Mths transfer of the judiciary power ig to that country and its laws have pledged hospital | Suardian of every other right. DE y misrepresentation of. facts, were} of critically examining any book on any | He has under his command 3,000 volun-
3. Thatit is true. as a general principle, magistrate of the General Government who ity and protection ; that the men of our| 6. That this State having by its conven- falas of wil +T owas dn possession, and | subject. And now comes the examination | teers, and has arrived at Caltanisetta, the
and i also expressly declared by one of the | HV PRESS 81 (ho exsentive and quali-| choice have mor respected the'suspiions of | tion, which ratified the Federal Constitution | "!® © my duty tothe public to state| of the “unkindest cut ef all” The agent |cupital of the province of the same name.
amendmeuts to the Constitution, that * the | fied Negative in 3 se RaiSathve POWSIS: | the President than the solid rights of inno- | expressly declared, that among other essen- them, just as I believed, and still believe | s3ys ‘* last season I supplied about seventy | Garabaldi demonstrations have taken place
powers not delegated to the United States | 7. Resolved, That the construction applied cence, the ciaims of justification, the sacred | tial rights, * The liberty of conscicnce and og exist; andiean do little more at | of the schools of Centre county with the|in anumberof towns, and large re-enforce-
by the Constitution. nor prohibited by it to by the General Government (as is evident > force of truth, and the forms and substance | of thé Press cannot be canceled, abridged, present, than dete the same facts, perhaps, | Osgeod series, and have, the present season | ments to his army are expected. Ile has
the Statcs, are reserve to the States Tey i od ay 7 " x 1 St i of iy al Feslreind or modi fled oy any wwthorily oF a little more cireumstantially, adding a taken orders for many more, and the adop-| bad a conference with Mazzini, and his
: v stitution o e United States In questions of power then let no more be | the United States,” and from its extreme . : a i i ly. S ty | determination, either t
spectively or to the people ;”’ and that ng |°' “"¢ YOnsU ; pj In gussiig P ! ; few words by way of improvement. To be-| tions are still going on bravely.” Seventy Ma iy Sitter to vonqér: Rome for
power over the freedom of religion, freedom wie delegate to Congress power to ay | said of confidence in man, but bind him | anxiety to guard these rights from every gif with a Te season (I think | last season? And how many more than | Italy, or to die in the attempt is more firm
of speech, or freedom of the press being del- and collect taxes. duties, imposts, CXCISeS ; | down from mischief by the chains of that possible attack of sophistry and ambition, about this time of year,) Mr. J. K. Fleming | Seventy this season? Ten? Twenty? |than ever. Ilo has taken possession of
gated to the United States by the Constity. to py toe So and pon Pos the Sa Constitution. That this commonwealth | having with other States recommended an (this is the first time I have presumed to!-Thirty? Suppose we say thirty, (though it| Rocva and Palmita. The Government has
tion, nor prohibited by it to the States, mon defense, and general welfare of the | does therefcre call on its co-States for an |an amendment for that purpose, which amv : : i 1 ber to be called * many”) |not yet taken any further measures Zainst
tase ful ee So we , oo 9 United States, and to make all laws which | expression of their sentiments on acts con- | endment was in due time annexed to the I ui Aa) Same oy Je suv) it small as it is, in Te him, At the Conference of Consttionslr,
reght remain, and were reserved to the States aa be Say and proper Tor iin cerning aliens, and for the punishment of | Constitution, it would mark a reproachful ht the tr Hen 1 Of anew sdiles oe books, | to see how the figures will fit. Seventy, | France is said to have agread to the further
’ ies : jp | iDtO execution the powers vested by the| certain crimes, herein before specified, | inconsistency, and criminal degeneracy, if : . + tho sye irk: ke one hundred | occupation of the Belgrade citadel }
or 5 the gan 3 20 es ind il Constitution in the Government of the Uni~ plainly declaring whereby these es are or | an indifference were shown to the most pil. ae TE uy 1 uy Bu an na ho a a The rebel Proce > - ji: ye
right of judging how far the licentiousness ted States, or any department thereof, B0€S | are not authorized by the federal compact. —* | atable violation of one of the rights thus re oo at > hi To the tite to ask people | Centre county, is, I think, all told, one hun- | formally demanded a recognition of the
of speech and of the press may be abridged to ua of all the limits prescribed And it doubts not that their sense will be so | declared and secured, and to the establish- hi Ry aay their ol books, and big in dred and fifty. Though, as I am not well | Southern Confederacy, but thut Eogland re-
without lessening their useful freedom ; and 3 Boe P Hae! a. L he Constitution—that | announced as to prove their attachment to | ment of a precedent, which may be fatal to ones, just in the midst of a enlaviftons war, | posted as regards vew houses in some dis- | fused while France had not yet given a 're-
how far those abuses which cannot be sepa- ren mean. oY te stot 0 be sub limited Government, whether general or | the other. : Business of all kinds prostrated, the atfeals tricts, tho number may be one hundred and | ply. The expeditionary force to Mexico is
ted from their use ehould be tolerated rather Datars oy onus esl ny I particular, and that the rights and hberties | 7. That the good people of this commons oF wonted prosperity tiarned completely out | Sixty, but certainly, not more. Now putting | very large.
than use be destroyed, and thus also they | Foro ou DX i onstraed 33| of thelr co-States will be exposed to no dan- | wealth, having ever felt and continuing 10 | oe y.oir channels, and the cry of “ what shall | these figures together, you have, from this ltt =
giisrded against all abridgement Iv. ite themselves to give unlimited power, nor a gers by remaining embarked on a_ common | feel the most sincere affection for their breth t, and what shall we drink, und |Same man who accuses me of “ misrepre-| An order from Gen. Butler commands the
United States, of the freedom of rsicas iii " Bs taken, as to Jose the whole | pottom with their own. But they will con- | ern of the other States, the truest anxiety ar dill we'be clothed % rl sentation of facts,” the astounding state- | turning over to the U. S., authorities of all
principles and exercises, and retained to Fesiane o . trent = at he be cur with this commonwealth in considering for establishing and perpetuating the Union » A ment, that every school in Centre county | arms in New Orleans. Count Megram, the
themselves the right of protecting the same, ceeding of the enera : overnmen under | the said acts as so palpable against the Con | of all : and the most scrupulous fidelity to is supplied with Osgood’s readers, and ten | French consul, had written a letter to Lieut.
as this, stated by a law passed on the gen- color 3 poss articles, will be fit and neces- stitution as to amount to an undisguised | that Constitution, which is the pledge of more. I cannot see clearly how this can | Weitzel, Assistant Military Commandant,
eral demand of its citizens, had already pro- ek 3p Dien for revisal and correction ata declaration, that the compact is not meant mutual friendship and the instrument of be, unless ten of them are two story houses, | expressing a desire that the French citizens
tected them from all human restraints or iu. ’ i res SE rar gains ? while those | to be the ERS E1GOF4 1S power the Seu- mutual happiness, the General Assembly fish politicians and haughty slave holders, | which, I presumes isthe case. But how | might be slowed 0 retain their ‘armes fur
and, that, in addition to. this x an 4 ing resolutions call | gral Government, but that it will proceed in | goth solemnly appeal to the like dispositions bad long since doosied. Another soacon about the ‘adoptions going an bravely 2” | fear of a servile insurrection, to which Gen.
3 raied rn : the exercise over these States of all power | in other States in confidence that they will] = oat 4s Sanders series were largely in| Some may ask, why this opposition to Os-| Butler replied to the effect that the protec-
_ Or Iesofved, Lhat the preceding resolu- | whatsoever. = That they will view this as | goneur with this commonwealth in decla- Ee it we'd f Di good’s hooks, and the agent who ts endeav- | tion of the United States will be given in
tions be transmitted to the Senators and seizing the rights of the States and coma |. it does hereb: malate ra¥ DugANty of Diresins [i Tht “Is it againsy|such a case, and insisting on all the arms
Representatives in Congress from the coms solidating them in the hands of the General Ea ye y dovlrg fst, the ots Orthos ‘Disieiots S nadenet Satvslecuntbrag ib Hae Bae: g ra f the inh bit ts PAA black, bei
DT > id 4 4" | aforesaid are unconstitulional ; and that the them, to do so, but that was not the time to | your interests.” I answer, ‘not at all.” |of the inhabitan ack, being
Bonvelh ¥ ea bie ii Rap Severna, via B power Sxsune in bina necessary and proper measures will be ta. pr then: to do it. My last reason was| My custom for shool books extends but little | under his control. .
: i oi, - ’ e States (not merely in cases made feder~ i : is Tih : : imi . nae
estodishment of religion or prohibiting HR9 whore Bost ep deavors to procure at the next £1) hh y . os ken by each, for co operating wth this | 0 superiority of Sander’s &eries, over all| beyond the limits of the Borough. In every teh: xpprohiensions sated
free ecercise thereof, or abridging the free- : n €8 whatsoever, by laws |State in maintaining unimpaired, tae au- other readers I had ever seen, whether in| country store, is to be found school books 8 there are misapp as to the
dom oybspeech or ‘of the press,” thereby | Cos of Gongress, a repeal of . the afore: | made, not with their consent, but by others | thorties, rightsand _ liberties reserved to ; 3 for the supply of its customers. And, if it | time wheu the new currency will be ready
ardor ip the oa te Y | said unconstitutional and obnoxious acts. agaiust their consent ; and this would be to | the State hig an iy orto th my fifteen years experience as a teacher, or | for the supp'y ith Saterest uld 1 | for thé public, we are: authorized to state
a awe Sentence, and Upder |." p.cotved Instly that the, Gorerior. uf © States rospoatively or to the people. | gpout tho samo length of time as a book-| did interfere with my interests, wou Py
the same words, the freedom of religion, of & ee pi U1 surrender the form of government we have 8. That the Governor be desired to trans- | geller. He then asked mo to hand him one| complain? Are there not Book agents | that the National Bank Note Compauy
speech and of the press, inasmuch, that| . cormonwe ov anc i authorized | ohogen: and living under one deriving its | is o pony of the foregoing resolutions t0 | of Sander’s Readers (I f hicl almost continually passing through the | commenced sending it to Washington a
2 and requested to communicate the precedin; : : 3 Py regomg 0! of Sander’s Readers (I forget which one,) d ; y
wha violates either, throws down tho Ft aD 2 power from its wili, and not from our auth- the executive authority of the other Statés |T did so, and hie turned to a certein place, | county in every direction, selling Looks at few days since, but the Sub-Treasurers
sanctuary . which covers others; and that our yp ares of the several | ority : and that the 60-States recurring to | with a request that the stme be communis (I think I can find it,) to convince me that | my very door? Did any person ever hear | and U. 8. Depositaries. will probably not be
: . s : States, to assure ttem that this common. | their natural rights not mad fod i : : ; i i gener:
libel, falsehoods and _ infamation, ¢qually | weaith considers union for special ii bs AEE aa Yolml: vil cated to the Legislatures thereof ; and that | Sander’s books wera not such great things | me ‘complain? Never. I give them the furnished for general use before the Ist of
with Buresy and false religion, are withheld purposes, and particularly for those speci | force, and will each unite with this common. | & copy be furnished to each of the Senators | after all, What do you suppose he pointed | right haud of fellowship, and have frequent | September.
.
: s hin ! bave paid for, with their bard earned money,
1s resolved to carry | With a determination to find them, whether | and buy new ones: at a ‘time too when
And here an idea oc-| every patriot, every loyal citizen, feels
= BY THOMAS JEFFERSON. te re
“Resolved, That the several States com.
posing the United States of America, are not
united on the principles of unlimited sub-~
Mr. Flemming
GEO. LIVINGSTON.
States having delegated to Congress a power
to punish treason conterfeiting the securities
and coin of the United States, piracies and
felonies committed on the high seas, and of.
fenses against the laws of nations, and no
other crimes whatever, and it being true, ag
a general principle, and one of the amend-
ments to the Constitution having also de:
clared, ‘‘that the powers not delegated to
the United States by the Constitution, nor
prohibited by it to the States, are . reserved
to the States respectively, or to the people,’
entitled, ‘‘An act in addition to the act en-
titled an act for the punishment of certain
crimes against the United States ;” as also,
the act passed by them on the 27th day of
July, 1799, entitled, “An act to punish
frauds committed on the banks of the United
States,” (and all other of their acts which
assuthe to create, define, or punish crimes
others than those enumerated in the Consti~
tution) are altogether void and of no force,
and that the power to create, define and
punish such other crimes is reserved, and of
right appertains solely and exclusively to
the respective States, each within its own
the printers in order to answer before it
was printed ? I regret exceedingly that I
should have made use of the word *skulk-
~eeOes el
up from thousands of families all over our
land, especially from the families of our
brave soldiers who had rallied to the rescue
of our country, from the fate to which sel-
»
G terference ;
8, coral principle and express declaration,
another and more special provision has been
made by one of the amendments to the Con-
stitution, which expressly declares, that
“Congress shall make no laws, respecting an
Fastin