C,, ,
~.
Ilia
El
* r-
, y4t. SARPO44O., '
Enitek isorstrres.
Tarim of Publication
Iliatill1:-1 1 . 50 eta If paid ultblqAbreetoonth
Maee If Oiled et: ronntlre,iLorl 12,50 it not pail
tt tie )sit. Thbee terms will 'be Tie*, ad
hered, lo•
Apv,matagarstrts wad *hoses Merlons Insert
lei et the anal end
PitINDING every &motivator) of
AAR
11111OVIltrein111Qateterst wanner, at tin lowrit
pekoe, sod with the stanten dewpstch Hoeing
marelisielli a terse etiewat.toe of type, we are pre.
pared to satisfy the orders of our friends
usmtssP . uttterll
W. 41. UOCKNAft,
suirfrok AND CONVRYA iCFR
VeLLII•OI.7I, ratmm'A
WII.IIAIII
ATTOICHRY IT LAW
11111.1.2/01 1 TIC , rA
lON Ia the Ar , mle, leeon.l noor
■'ALLIITIA A BRAVIK
1111'11.1.11.111T1V11 &
AITORN FAS AT LAW,
setce✓f..T'M, ✓x*N'A
E. J. CIMANO,
AgirliaXirr AT LAW AND REAL EATATR
AtIF4T
Cl.Clllk.+lllll, l, CO , Pk
ATTORIIIVi AT LAW,
BaLLNFONTot, PIIIIICA
*sec •I the Di.a.z nd e•e• 'Rem. •C
NIA 011 c•
- -r
oven M. MILANCISAIRD,
.11K/11N F. Al' LAW,
BKI.I 10 , 0 Ni K rook'
MOO tos•upwil by %be Hog Juuoe B.rt,
oid•
J. 1.11141G11.4 1 .,
an, PN I)
4... I to•ITIK ,V. ~,, CO
biSOO pi...IMMO to WM( Own dal who mai //Noire
\reit/0.00u! OcroleCli
R•tee St bin re,id.,4l , '1 , 11,1g, •trr•t
rf 11.11111 P • 111,e ,
RANA A Ai 1,/%470111
AIT 1 )104 hi • A r LAW
•A.• 0 Alltg•n, •1rt•1 111 14r , building for
ei•rl) radoepiod by Iluup• bleAlh•ttr H•lu 4 0.6
11••1.1. _
=
•MllPtitos 1 II r p.o,
rivrm;RAPII-.
4. l) o.lr. p , V-. trow o lo 6 r •
gi J It it Nil 6K
opleptild h.J.. • t• lb• Arc•el• Pluildhng
10•164•1• Penn a
laic 0. 1.. [ - Wit It
rKYtlgCt+• 4, -I n .inn
".n!, ot • rip I< CS.
Nl** •• Migh Struet Oh), ) Yt 'II sit,
profe•olansl• , fills •• u •• t •i• I I , •p •4). 1 :V
Muni it 140.)tvielus t• bt• t,..))4•
.•• 0/.1 P. PIS w 1111W.i.1 1 .,
fit rlifC( 4 • A It,JEoti,
Sal r ...... •.
psofss•,•••••1n• Is as
oorp• , .r.lty off.", 4it • hlr ..cof
lb/1 t abus'Mies tses• x•••; in Ills •//,
toed a; tite qit
Elt• /11.1.1 , ‘l ,, T ,• /
MO It WISES, at LEI ANUS
ALIORNi t , Al VS
r I ,•,, 1,••'•
Salo Its Revs-1.141W • I, 1..
ire (1 M ssehell . 1 • A.llll ,
OA btu In the Vv. , I • .1 no( v
ilt•• 'tont CI, 011.0 n
• 1 1. /a $.09.1r•, s Ism sss .110•.1
1.100 , 11t*.
- - -
I• D. f 1 13 4.1 ,
RRKIDI'%.I \llmt
1,1111 iy .p n ro, ~. ~,
•••• anal reqiiticort \
1, [lt•notA
r., ,An
"....t. 11 7 .11,
Iv .•,—,
CEIMIIII ,
anostiovbc•
41.11 a.
PiAmirtcm nos DP,
Vfu P ngt Ni )I.) )S
t'll,
SRI 1.1. FONT 6 C/O.Tnit qtl , rA
IIL •r•rah.nn and Snlos ,11,"41144 . 4 . Col
1.41.1 1 .10 a %II anti romer,..lll pr..c , nptly remilled
1 nd Sp.al I del./ills E11e . 111./se in 11.
• wr4r,,, oon.t.intly on h...nd 1),'108
rIN•1•111%
X P Y •I.I.IXTER J T X•LR
AY C% pity
offrome r II It m,
IMEMED
- or
11(714114, McALLISTEit, 11 ALF. A. (.1)
axio.w rwiT 40 , r•
111•poitta Itecehregl -13,11.1 , 4 Eanbano , And Note
I,l*.ounteo.l I nterreet. PAM no Specnia 1) 1 •in , 2111. -
OJ/I•otionr Ms3e, sni Prot3Oectilltninliltd PAt ntipt
7 /L1061104e nn th% KaAgt aorvit• nil, on And
J U.OTOWEU
♦TTORNRY-AND Cul/NSF:IA.OR AT WV
BICLI.RIONTL, P 14117
W 11l rot-notice his prnfoosion to the se veral Court.
Centr• Cnuut y, Alt husineol intrusted to him
will be fattidully a ttended to Particular attention
p&ld t• eollectioos and all mutnea promptly re•
emitted Can be consulted In the German as well
so In the 6nglisit language
Oeca on MOO, , formerly oosupled by Judo.-
'amide and C Boa!, keq•
I e PALA
Lit Jk 11110‘,
ATTORNEYS AT LAW,
ast.LaroaTs, riss'a
Will attend promptly to nll bunkmate entrusted to
<Asir auras WV no In tho 5011.11ns formerly occu
*wilily Hoe Jas T Hale
A CARD
ITAIA A for wall Attend to my, business
&stingray abalone. las Congress, wed 1.411 be es
listed by me la the trial! of al/ oaus ea aw•a 1' entr
HALL usted to
J
loaaastr*r 15, last
sr. r. osiscirm,,
DRUOOMST.
11•LLsrolETE, lA.
110(./TALI AJID FLOIAis DIALER IR
Idedicions, POICIMeri, Planed, 0111, VAti
Dye-HtIAID, flospi, Brushes, Hair and
Teo* Branham,. Bandy and Toilet Artiolecrikunnati
elionldor Braces. Garden Seeds
Initesoors will Ind my It ook ontaplata and fresh,
aid an sold M moderate prices
k'Fernier/ and Physicians om the nount") ,
axe arltad to •zatnins Any atonic
-
PARE REDUCED.
VTA.TES .UNION HOTEL,
01 CR Market Street, boy
P a OEOI,
PHILADELPA.
G., W. NINILLE, Proprietor
Ihmats 15 r ex DAY.
r. Wr. WACWANIOS,
♦TTORNSYS AT LAW,
Jesse ileamitana has aintoolated trlth Wtn• P
'ilitereanue, Nati ,in the practice of Law. ?rotes-
Jliongt lousitisu lairsetai to thelia r r t e will receive
prompkiimpOisia. They will d the ',Tenet
Courtio In the tionetiee of Cleat e, Minton and
Citiardelet.
*Stem Allegheny street In the building PeT.•
meetly Itecoptiediry Men & Viten
Eli
/~ i - w 7 ~
REPORT OF TUB AUDITORS OF
CIeNTWE COUNTY YON TN* YEAR 1839
W W Brown, Ewq , Treasurer, in worth! with
Centre county.
To vonunt, received from Ulmlore
and giber Bourget*, 122 M 122 R 2
By mount Ira commlssiorers orders
tem 125,3314 7Fi
' Treesurers C ))))) muumuus ou 125,
800 711, 1,260 94
' Allowance for Pastaga, &c , 10,00
$26 615 12
Halftime, <ltsl, County Trtifteurnr, 3,942 72
THOMAS MCCOY, , Sheriff in neei,unt with
Ce 1.11.0 County
Ilr
Tu ntlionnt of County ardor,
" " fops and hues colletted,
}/7 lmertiing prianirs AS per 1,01 ren
dared
' balance due Sheriff,
We the undersigned Auditor% of Centre county,
in the Commonwealth i f Pennsylvania, do cart Ity
t agreeable Co MI or t, of Areembly, we net at
the Cemmissiotiers tdlire in said County on Mop
d•y the seventh day or January, A 1) 114/11, and
dui audit, selle and adjust the several accounts
required of us by law to the best of our judgment
and ability In testimony whereof we arev set
Receipts and Fxpenditures of Centre
County for the Year A. D. 1880.
We, the Commissioners of Centre county, agree
nl.iy to an act 4.1 Assemlity, entitled an 6' Act to
rms. County rates and !evil.," requiring the
Com,inmlitmer, or the euy r . 11) C1,0)01E11.4 this Celli.
10 1 111wralth to lotabli.lt annually s statement of
the Iteeetpis nod ores of their respect.
:re Counttos, ilo report the fu) clog, its from
lb)! 7th tiny of Jtint,iry A 421 IS111), to the 7th
der of Jannary A It IPA!
iCi r .:( l'".
Ti. saloon, are tied hoot Collectors
18,1 SI2IV
•nv.uo of
.(,"; 111 . 10 ,, -1.111111 1 Wok',
lil
•. pile' H W ifrogro,
utr ro .1111.11... i on Sr,
7,
t 1)1 Nll At OrTORS
part t., r y irk. Co Auditor
Del j k
(“ktoi .ku4lt4lis
L col P•.. t~tn • +r_l it rvu•h
Si .. . rAwuu f6t►
ERNIE
•. k
EMI
1.1)) WI'S
t• Costs of Corninonneteat
en,' IVO lif
~ <i !Mild sod Inverse juror. 1,.7.).{ A
.. (leo B 55'onrar for Pro
thomanry n nom(ff of 1855 II 86
Arioltoor B , L)to for oar,/
C.". COW' ,r.r 60 00
Cocci Ablee Btlnntling on
inttts 10 00
J :, ParplOni for Berrien
se "I lista so OS l'et
An, t pond to I.yeoinin4 Insurance Com
pany for Insuring C II 28 53
~ For glass for C If illllliA I i 5
o 4.1. Derr for ptimog goo 111
I . orlLlOO l'.olll 6 SO
Er Derr for sundries 12 00
~ D K 'fate for repairing
Court Mouse roof 6 8?
•. dim Yearger for repair
ing Court House roof 226 73
~ W 8 Wolf for 'honing
Court Item roof. l4B 96
Debi It IA fur nlkpligies
for Court HOUlle roof 36 80
.. n Derr fur service as
Janitor2so 00
1) Derr fur out/Ing wood
and °teaming privies 1 621
" fluffefonte au Company
(or Use (or Court Iluueo 100 70
, .1, If. drawn for eiltlog
wood and uloaning title& . 7 75 ,
()lasing 0 11, win owsl ' 5 50
•• Mending Chairs 14 50
'' Graham Moore far clean •
log Court }louse Rues ,3 00
, t.... J T Johnstpy for lime , 11 50
Mon Sarnia"' Linn for .
Chviliallft girod Clock for 1,
Colort,Poune 68 00,
.., 8. liabpt and Co. for two
1 coal Ow:kola • 150
1 1 N'Orono tot breaking
coal for Court House . 1 If.
" 1, Wilson 4 lin: , 's foe 00.0
for Courtdloutte 100 00
~ A. Ryan for three stoves
for Court Rouse. ... 97 05
♦DAM por
COUNTY JAM.
" Thoniks McCoy for bat
*nee at, lase settlement 474 01
'• Daniel 7 4 Kline for wood
for Jai} • 69 ST
'' N ifillibish for work and
materials for Jail 9 92
Thus. McCoy . for board
ing p_riooner 195 12
,
~ 0 W Lambert for Om•
terliig. lko , at Jail 6 00
'
.. U it Treziyulny Air re
pairing water pipes, to , ,
at Jail 0 00
" Jesse Clinger fur Iron
bars for Jail Windows 3 50
Dr. Potter medloal &Wm- .
danoe, to , to prisoners 8 00
" Wilson 8 Bro.'s for mer
chandise, to., for Coon
l'''''- ty Jail 100 00
Samuel Nichols for glu
ing Jail windows 2 00
----
9893 92
ssuieroNvi, PA
.;I,ll`
-\. ~.
---7,-)
Jo"
:RI P. AYES,
JAM C WILLIAMS, > Auditors
BEN.: Self /WOK,
}\1'1:\1)111 K}.S
“Itt e (t , r
•k• •f M 1 1 f)
lEEE
1 ~ rk.~k~ ~~;
trsi oFri,
t:tt t tr Ittlftlft,
WO)
J I $1; ~ r , er: trr, rtr rr
• , .1, ..1 0
J 1,
1, • It, -‘Ol
J I .1,1,1 1 , 4 NI/
ru 1, le u. 11.1 40
J 11 14 %oPei, ,
h • 1 I 1,, I • 11,1. -•1”),..
1,4 ,
I I' t• t• f•r I.• 0,14
• 4., .4,1 , ( 4.
. ClO , tu r p•it
A yIIar.•1,11•4•," f .o• 'FAS
I
I/ 11.11•//
COO itT imusE
• 1
--r.---._.....-.-..1
Bk.ll/EF9NTE, CENTU
COUNTY PRINTINO.
" 8 t .1.. f, firisbin for
County and extra wpilfte • 4204,
J ( . 1 Kurt* for krill*); • 't
assess books for 60 61 I 65 00
Seely& Barnhart for pub•
Halting Co statement
Fred Kurtz for publish.
irit County statement
" Kurtz & iitaver for pub•
fishing Co statement
Fred Kutts for adiertia•
log 1 50
" Kurtz &Stover for adver
tising appeals, printing )
ulreulars and publishing
too prootimatioin
" Seely & Barnhart for pub
Jibing two proclamations
1122,672 8.4
PREMIII MS ON SUAI.I'S
Fut scalps of foxes, eilJ
pAllthere, &c.
$l 12
12S 50
$323 62
PUBLIC OROUNIIN
C Scrimshaw for COM
eht pavements
Sind Parsons for stakins
trees in C 11 yard
Patrick Id one for work op
Court House Yard 3 SO
lephen Brown for work
011 grounds 1 SO
MoDermid A McCafferty
for sundries S 87
SI 581 31
12.59 BD
dune ror coal house
INQUISITIONS ON DEAD BODIES
Win C Welch for an in
cksisition en *deed body
I.,OANS AND INTEREST ON LOINS
17ao W Tate interest on
County orders
I) Kaufman interest on
joho MrUndo ioiennn on
County order
E C Humes Interest on
County order
!lieu At iltolfruan assignee
for money looped County
Weir t lloffman nelnigninetl
for motley tottioti County
J I) Turner inturent on
Tate order
J Itsuberroso for money
loaned Con aty
1 ) , E for interest
on Courtly ender
Mrr. it h 'Wilson inter
red tot money nutted CO
.I.S Paraonejotereat on
Courtly order
(leo l'iringstort Interest
on Courtly order and note
Jacob Ilumgart iotere.t
on County order And note
Jismb Puttagrove tolerant
et.unty order end tr 7e
Mbritto Q Pottrflon
BEEEI
CETI
MO
e 1.5 '2
$ ' 2 DO
I 2 DO
11 DV
13111
FIX 00
* tercet on money loaned Co
• biti n K4/Mtr, kiattomat...ou
Rev bne. Linn interest
on county orirlp•
IMI
SIVI RO
m.' (logics for 'n ,B e.l
liShmot roomy
K C Bows A. Bro. in
lercnt on Tote order
If ,b 2 SO
ELI
ETU
I{o.i I) VIEWS
Jobs, M llnnidlort for
rood in., In Tloggo Tvr 21'00
A M ton ran d u 27 110
JonJonWetaler for randr. 41
ivvs in Liberty 0,00
114 0 my Mover for turd
Vissrs rn Mtine'
8 00
Henry Hopp fo i rvsl n l v,nw
In Curtin 8 7 04i
John Irvin for viewing
brnlgo at ltrerliCrerk 10 00
Littniel K uhnes for rood
*kW in Liberty ' 800
A Frederick nt at view
ing Meetll rows'LA 75
Jill T 1104ivor
4 , 44 41 from Moshatmot , to
K yirrtown it 75
J t 1 Itsio of SI NMI
.town 8 00
EIEI
UM
CEEB
10 00
*0 00
MEI
IMI3
41 4113 3r4
JSTA}U REI EICs7S
l'ocriall'rn for 1,111 me to
e cut nod mileage 132 02
Ellwrioss.
iciewon• officiers, return
judges, non•tables snd a.•
eleasorill for putting tip list
or votes slid attend mg
T 1 301 361
Eleettona
Rankin and Shoemaker
Clerks to return judge,: 12 00
C K unties Congressional
11 50
return Judge
$2,773 Of
MISCELLAN FA WS.
111811 n luflinunton balance
due et lam neittentent 112,7ng 57
Jean, L The stationer/
en d offiee napalm. $l5 50
Jan T Lover Treasurer
Agricultural Society 100 00
Jae 1) Turner water tax
on county bui/dlnga - 22 50
" Suit Counnimnonere •I 07
Worth Twp ovorneere `' 490
" M P Crosthwailo esti
mating ed seoluni docket 5 0
Ora C Mitchellituditing
. account of Prothonotary '
and Regi der 20 000
" 11 I' Treslyulny for run
ning lines between (fiance
tyttl Mies township 168 25
fl P Tresiyulny tor run
ning lines t Purgution A.
Patton 87 60
I , " 11 P Tres'yoln. for run- '
Bing Jibes AT Marion and
, Howard
54 50
" Bellefontwboro' on inset
John
, Iqoo 00
" John Wier State Ltinatio 1.
Asylum for keeping Lu..
i stades • 431 56
•" ---1
itykn Loaner bill furnish
ed county 6 44
" J W. Resta cud seo't
of Proth'y and Register .. 85 00
" ii Regent Penitentiary for
keeping.non v iois
43 81
" 7i Penn's Railroad bill for -
freight o • 5 59
" John Ross for reward on
Sherman and Rudy 25 00
11333 13k
Fek..(401881- 41
"Billy, how did you lose your flnee'rr
Easy enough."
1 suppose so, but how ?"
• , 1 guess you'd a lost yourn, if it had
beep where wine was."
" That don't answer iny question."
•• Well, if you tunat know," said Hilly,
very sharply, '; 1 had to cut it off, or steal
the trap.
would have yon to know air that my
name is Frances, and not Flank "
Ah, yes, miss, but you know' 1 have't"he
franking privilege."
13
'COUNTY, P
The Lae , of Ntroapets.
1 Subearibers who do not give express notice
to the ootrary, ore ormsideceri as wishing
_to eon.
tiuue tho subseriptiors
2 If subeeribers order Mtio discontinuance or
their periodicals rAe pubAsahr InOv emitoitte to
send 1110711 II lad ell arrearag. , cirs
3 If eubscribere nekisob Or Reggio to take heir
periodlea/a from the °Ste rtblbli • a re &-
rooted, they are held respoliWible. till they have
settled the bill arid orderedlitsul to be disoontin
ued
27 00
27 00
27 00
4 If atilteuribort tribtovolio tit plicea without
informing the publishars 4 Rai payers are rant
to their further direotitio, lb* ace held responst.
IM
6 The courts have deofried that refusing to
take papers from the office.hg removing and leer•
log them uncalled fur, is plow fOnti evidence of
infeutional fraud,
50 00
EITEI
INAI7OIIRAL AD_DVIOS OF PEEN
DENT 1.41,31.
MEI
__ l
FELLOW CITIZIWS Or tall UNITIM STATRW
—ln compliance with a Nom IS Old u tho
Government itself Itp r before you to
address you briefly, an lake in yourpres
ence-the oath presort p the Constitution
of the United States t be taken by the
President before he enleo9 the execution
of his office.
I do not oonefder it4east - ry at present
Mtn
$23 ,O.
EiLEJ
tration about which the
ENO
icty or excitemeot
=
EEED
Apprehension seems exist among the
people of the Southern ' tee, that by the
accession of a Republ an administration,
their property and their eace and personal
security ere to be ends red There has
never bee-) any reasonsibi cause for such
apprehension Indeed tbe most araptelrevi
il
dence to the contrary h all the white exist
ed, and been open to the inspection : it is
found in nearly all the übhc speeches of
burn who now addresses Ou
OKI
216 OR
EiEl
T 6 44
El]
EMS
OE
' Ido but quote from owe of those speeches
' when I declare that I he(' no purpose di
rectly or indirectly to in dere with the in.
' emotion of slavery in 1 States Where it
exists I believe I have n lawful right to
do so. aid I havel l io incl nation to do so
Those who nominated mei elected me did so
with the full knowledge ;that I had 'made
this and many similar &iterations and had
never recanted them. alai - more than this.
they placed in the platform for my accept.
ante as a low to themselves and to me, the
500 eta
CID
OM
CM
gE3
110 00
tI4 I
'
nad
$2 00
Rrso/r,/ That the maintenance inviolate
or the rights of the Staten ind especially
the right of .ach State to order and control
tls own 4.„,meente gstitotions according to
ps owo
.yitionedt exeltp , tvely. is easential
to that Iralitnee of power on which the per
f,ction •tol endurance of our pohtteal fabric
depend. and we dentmiice the lawle., Inv&
stun, by an at lord force, of the mod of any
Stair or territory, no matter under what
preteat r a, amon¢ the gravest of crimes
90 00
BEI
57.198 80
now rett*•rate these sentiments, and ir
doing`ao I only preen upon the public atten
tion the mind conclusive evidencii of which
the case ix lisreptible that 'the property,
peace and security of no section ate to be in
anytalse endangered by the now incoming
Administrat ion
I add, too, that all the protection which
vonsintekitly oh the constitution and the
laws can by givin, will be cheerfully wen
to all the Stet, s, w hen lawfully ilea:banded,
fbr whatever cause, as cheerfully to one sec:
tan as' to another
DIEM
)11:TTIVE MAVIS.
$1 a I'
There is much controversy about the du•
livery of fugitives Crum service or laboV.--
The clause I now read is as plainly written
in the ronatitution as any other of its pro-
I=
No pervon held to service or labor in
one State under thigilaws thereof 'inscaping
into another, shall, in consequence of any
law or regulation therein, be dtieharged
from such service or labor, bet shill he de
livered rip pn ehinn of the 'party to •whota
loch service or labor may be due."
SI 3/I 864
It is scarcely que,tionivi that this prowls.
'on was intended by those itcho made it for
tkie recliviniug of what .we call fugitive
antl-tbe intention of the lawgiler is
the law.
All members of Congress swear their sup
port to the whole C,ouetitution, to this pro
vision ea, much as t 9 sv.ottler4
To thin proposition then that slaves whose
Callen come within the terms of this clause
and-shall be delivered up, their oaths are
unanimous. Now, if they wowid make the
effort in good temper, weld they not with
nearly equal unanimity frame mid pass a
law by nieans of which to keep good that
unanimous oath 7 There is some difference
of opinion whether this clause should be en
forced by National or State authority, but
surely that difference is not a very material
one. If the slave is to be surrendered it
can lice of but little consequence to him or
to others, by which authority it is done, and
should any one in any rase be content that
his oath shall be unkept on a merely un
substantial controversy as to how it shall be
kept?
$4,838 ad
Again. in any law upon this suhject ought
Tot all the safeguards of liberty known in
civilized and humane jurisprudence to be
introduced, so that a freeman may not he in '
any case suirendeted as a slave 1 And
it not be well at the ttre time to *ere
vide Fly law for the enforcement of that
clause in the Constitution whiCh guarantors
that the citizens or each State shall be enti
tled to all the provisions and immunities of
citizens in the several States.
'T
take the official oatk to-day with no
mental reservations and with no purpose to
.i , ' •
, ..
r
ilw-- 1
I
construe the Constitution or laws by any
hypooriticai rules, and while I do not choose
VOW to specify particular acts Of-Congress
as proper to be enforced. I do suggest that
tterill be much safer for all, both in official
and private stalk:ma, to conform to and abide'
by all those acts 'atifa'4nretrealed.
than to violate any of tr 6, trusting to find
impunity in having them held te 'be uncon
stitutional.
It is seventy-two years since the first in-
auguration of a President under our Nation
al Constitution ; during that period fifteen
different and greatly distingui.M•il Minims
hare, in BUccenvion, administered thv Exern
tire bonch of the Gorsirinnent -They bawl
eetuldtled it through Many perils and gen
erally with great FillcCeSti, yet with all this
scope for precedent, I now INnter upon the
satue talk for theiirief Constitutional term
of four yearn tinder great and peculiar diffl
culty. A disruption of the Federal Union
heretofore only menaced, in now formidably
attempted I hold that in contamplation of
universal law and of the Constitution the
Union of these States is perpetual: perpet-
Idly is implied it not expressed in the fun
tai of all national governments.
It to sate tOlaserritlerilisrfirtlX7 - propii
erly4ltver had a provision in ice organic
lei for its own termination. continue to
exclude all the express priivisions of our
National Conatttutton and the Union will
endure 1. rever. it being impmaible to de.
etroy it except by some action not provided
for in the Instrument itself Again. if the
United States be not • government {.roper
but an association of-Staten In the nature of
contract
.. merriy • can it an a. contract be
peaceably unmade by less than all the par
ties who made it f ()no party to a contract
may violate it, break it, so" to speak, but
doeffilit not requite all to lawfully reaclnd it 1
or 'thyme
is no *penis'
El=
Deseendtng from those general 'principles
wefind', the pnvoantoo that üblegal..Ptliefil
platioa the Croton to perpetually confirmed
by the history of ilk—Usawww...llA 4 Th
Limon is much older than the Couat,tutmn.
U wen formed in fact by the Articles of Asso
ciation in 1774 It wan 11:11111.11114 aneven
tinned by the Deolarstion of 'lndependence
in 177E1 It wan farther matured and the
faith of all the then thirteen States ewes&
177 K
-'lO
And finally! ir(1.787 one of the declared
objects for ordaining and establishing 'the
Constitutren was to form a more perfect Cu.
ion, but if destruction of the Union by one
or by a part only of the States be lawfully;
possible, The Union to left than before, the
Constitutton having rest the vital element of.
perpetuity : tt folio vs itn2rn thine views that
no State upon its own mere motion can law•
fully get out of the Union : that resolves
and ordinances to that effect are legally
void ; and that acts of violence a Ithin any
State or Stator aiitint the authority of the
United States are insurrectionary or revolu•
, ronary according tat, cuTurustancea.
I therefore consider that in view of the
Certuitreutton and laws, the Union as unbro
ken, and to the extent of my ability shall
take care, as the Constitution itself express•
ly enjonts on me, the a WS of the t!i i ion be
faithfully execated m all the States. lining
the, I deem ro tig drily a simple duty on my
part, and I shall perform it so far as preen
cable unless my rightful masters, the Awry'
(can people shall withhold the requisite
means or in some autliontive manner direct
the contrary. I trust this will not be re
girded as a menace. but only es a declare.)
purpose of Union ; that it will conatituttoti•
rally defend and maritain itself in doing this,
there need be no Itlood,hel or violence, and
there shall be none unless forced upon the
`National au. city. The power confided to
me will tie used to hold, occupy and possess
the property and places belonging to the
Government, and to collect (lotto; and im
posts, but beyond what. may be necessary
for these objects there will be no invasion,
no using of force against or among people
anywhere. Where hostility to the United
Slates in any interior lately khall bete great
and so universal as to prevent competent
resident citizens from holding federal offices,
there will be no attempt to force obnoxious
strangers among the people that object while
toe stitet legal right may exist in the gov
eminent to enforce the exercise of these of:
Bees ; the attempt to do so would be so irri,
tat and an nearly impracticable, with all
tha deem it better to forego for a time.
theTtisee of such offices. The mails, unless
repolleA, will continue to be furnished in all
parts of the Union. so far as possible. The
people everywhere %hall have that. ;sense of
perfect security which aro most favorable to
calm thoughts and reflection. Theigiurse
here indicated will be followed unless cur
rent events and experience shall show a
modification Or change to be proper, and in
every case and exigency my heat discretion
will be exercised according to circumstances
actually existing, and with a view and a
hope of a peaceful soltition of the National
troubles, and the restoration of fraternal
mpethies and affections. That there are
persona 111 one'sectum or another who, seek
to destroy the Union at all , events, ari l ik,are
glad of any pretext to do it, I will neither
aftirco or deny ; but if therg be such, I need
nut address no word to those, however, who
really love the Union. May I not speak be
fore ontori»g upon so grave a matter as the
destruction of our national fabric, all its
EMI
=EI
MEM
ICE
1 benefits, its memories. and hopes ; would it
not he wise to ascertain precisely What m
due ; will you hazard so desperate a step
while there ix any possibility that any Or
lion of the ills you flyafrona have 111/ real ex
istence ; will you. while the certain ids you
fly to are greater than all the real ones you
ily from I will you risk UM commission of
BO fearful a mistake ? . - Adf prtifi,ss to be
content in the (Mimi if all constitutional
rights can be maintained Islt true, then,
that any right plainly written in the Can
striation has Keen denied I I think not. -
lisplitly the human mind is .47 eintatitileed 1
that tio party esti reach to the ittidaetty of
doing this. Think if you can of a single ti
stance in which a plainly urines) provision
of toe Constitution has ever been dented -- i l
If by the mere force of numbers a map, myl
should deprive a ininority of soy cli arly
written Consiniitionel right it nught,in, a 1
moral point of view, justify a revolution . --
it certainly would if such a right were a vi
tel one But such is 110 t the ease, All the
vital rights of ininiii Ines and individuals are
BO plainly assured to them, by allirmatmins
and negations, guarantees and prohibitions
in thelonstituts.m, that controversies 11l IN r
Aram concerning them ; but tot "wine law
ran be framed with a provision specili ally
applicable to every y 1 1 ,511011 whidi may o.
cur io practical administration. No fores,glit
can anticipate, nor any document of rot,oct
able length, contain espiess provisions fit
all possible questions. Shall fugitivts from
lalgir be surrtridered by national or State
authority ? The Constitution does not ex
[measly say. May Congress prig' bit slay, ry
in the territories ? The Constitu does
not expressly say Must Congress protect
slavery n the ten-dories ? The I:.:onatitii
lion does not expressly say Friiiii - 0404,um0r
of this dllAs spring all our Conant tits , I
controversies, sod we deride upon them tug I
• jorlles and unwritten If the minority
sill nut acquiesce, the majority must, or the
government must cease.
There in no other alleviative fur rontiiiii
tog the government but •cqiii earence on the
. side or the other If a minority in such
ceiitywtll accede rather than acquiesce, they
yiske a precedent which to turn will divide
or rum them. for a minority of their. nap
r eforwa to be controlled by such a minority
For instance, why may not any portion of
Ix new confederacy a year or two hence, ar
1 thirstily secede KIWI, precisely as porinins
of the present Union now claim to aced.
from it All who cherish disunion 'onti
siesta are now twit% (Attested to the enact
temper of doing this. there such
identity of interests among the Stairs :e
Minims« a new Unlon as lu produce harfno
oy only, and pi-ever: : renewed seCert.sioli
Ptaiiilf the (coital idea ilfilecession is the
essence of anarchy, a majority held in re
!nelson by constitutional checks and limits
Lions •lw a) s changing ea ,ily wlih it,, derd.-
elate changes id popular opinions and sent t.
menu is the only true sovereign of a fie,
people tV hoc vu r reject.. it, does of m.ce
-1 'Any fly to anarchy or to despot ISM i •
tinily ix tu,poYaible The rule of a minority
as a warrant ltrangetnent to wholly ins
missable Solhat rejecting the 1.1...rrit,
principle, anarchy and despotiorn in some
form, is all that is left Ido nut forg• t e
position assumed by some that MIS o • ion
al questions are to be decided by the So; r ine
Court, nor do I deny that such
must he binding in any case upon Ore par
ties to a suit as to Vic object of that suit
while they aro also entitled to very high re
specs and consideration in ell parallel case,
by all other departthents of the government
sed is obviously possible that such
decision may he erroneous in Any given cosi.,
still the evil effect fullow mg it, being limited
in that perm ular case, with the chance that
it may be overruled and never become a tire
cedent for others, and better be borne than
could the evils of a different practice.
At the glens time the candid citizen town
sonless that if the policy of the government
upon vital questions *fleeting the whole pen
plc is to be irrevocably fixed by decisions of
the Supreme Court, the instant they are
made in ordinary litigation between parties
in personal actions, the' people will have
ceased to be their own rulers, having to that
extent practically resigned their government
into the hands of that eminent tribunal ; nor
is there in this view any assault upon the
Court or the Judges : it is a duty from *loch
they may not shrink to decide cases proper
ly brought before them, and it is no fault
of theirs if others seek to turf their decisions
to political purposes. One notion of. our
country believes that slavery is right, and
and ought to he extended ; while-the other
believes it is wrong. and ought not to be i
extended. This is the only substantial dig- I
puts ; the fugitive slave clause of the Con
intuition add the law for the suppression of
the foreign slave trade arc each as well en-
Corea perhaps es any law can ever be to •
community where the moral sense of the
people abide by the dry legal obligation in
both eases and a few break over in etnit
this I think cannot be petite:A(7lol , XL and
it would be worse in both cases after the
separation of the sections thin before.
The foreign slave trade, now imperfectly
suppressed, would be ultimately revived
without restriction in one section, while fu•
gitive slaves‘pow only partially surrendered,
would not be surrendered at all by the oth•
sr. Physically speaking, we minutia rope.
=II
Ea
HMIS
rale, we cannot remove out rgepeetiele fee=
none from each othia our build eh
Amtumen therm A husband art.
wife May be divorced and go out of the pre*
owe and beyond the reach of each other,
but the different parts of our country cannot
do this they cannot but remain face to face
and en intercourse either amicable or ft ryile
contlitue between them. la it possi•
tile then to make that intercourse ware ad
vantageous or more Hatutfactory liner Sopa.
rating than before' Can sheim maks tres
tle., easier than friends can make lirri
trialis, be Mors filth/9r enforced be•
twetfi.a!iens than laws among friends 7
sop pi Ili , y ou it& to oar, you cannot tight
alw aye, and when alter much hum on IX S't
oil n, sn4,l o p.m on eith , r you cease aght
tog the Identseal tdrins are again upon you.
That rountry with Its teeth , uLfosis Wang to
the people a 110 intstnt it 11 heartier they
sho'l grow trtary ot the extsting goeernatent
they eau cx, rnise their convtit ununal right
of amending it or their revolutionary right
to d aweu,bcr ur over torow it. I cant ot be
ignorant of the lint lost tinny worthy and
yllll°llo cititt at., deorous of having the
tie ;moil Cori.ti . Utitill *mewled %Chile I
I luny rrrognii.e the rightful author:ty of
the people over the whole Stdijuet, to he em
etc a II In either of the etudes preeoitbed to
the ilettetotietit should, under
e yeti t.L rtreurlndaiirrit, tarot' rather into
oppose a (JO opt orl witty being afforded the
p •iiple to at . : upon It
I will venture to add that, to me, tb.
ottrioxlitin Mod* Ortatril preferable, inam•
touch as O. allows the arvendalen t to eri k i•
onto with the people themselves, instead of
prritotti lig them to take or reject thiproposi
min originated by othera not especially
shot en for the purpose. and which might nist--
precteit ly much sr they would not wieb
et her accept or ri lose
I owl. rstanil ► proposed amendment to
•he l'onatittplon, wht,h amendment, howev
er, I have not seen has visaed CoDgrelui to
the effect th►tlth, iitiveroment shall
never lout fere with ..hooe4tie inatitutiono of'
the States, inehLling that of perso na held to t
acre tee
To rt0.,l • rniaconetrastfon ur
ter an to any that holding watch • provision
to he now implied as enn•titutional
hie no (.I.jeci ion to Ito being made esprese
and or. voefthh The rind' Magistrate
all bin olthority from the people Snd
th,y hair cooterred A t te upon him to mike
tel f r the twitarai ton of the Stated. The
e ..•.1 tees ono do (hitt also if they
c ou e, but. Ettetmitee, an ouch bas nothing
to In is i hit, h..t lily to to adminiater the
Ili ?It Ilt govettiont ot IV It citric to his hand*
nud n. tiato.not i 1 tp,utipswed by him to hie
.oree4.or Why .11.01 d thete not be • pa
tient in the !Amniar ju.tior of the
pi(opir, re any better or (Toil hope is
the A Odd
• In our folt•M•lit dill renees is either party
with. it Witt ..f toting in right if the Alongla.
y Iful,r of nation, with his eternal truth
Ind to. , ie• 011 ) our 'btu ot the North, or
on tit the that truth and that
jo , tn•e surely prevail by the judgment
of tittooial, the tint mien pt•op(o by the
sloe of the vi riisacnt under which er
do. ',sine people have wisely given
ryartis but little power for mischief,
and have with equal wiidoon provided tot
h return o(iliii little to their own bandit
at vary shirt interval, While the people
re:ain ih,•ir virtue and vigilance no admin.
iitiation by soy extreme of wickedness or
fully 1.1111 my stuutusly the govern
ment to the rhort space 01 four year•. My
coon( ryinett one and all, think calmly and
well upon this whole subject nothing sale.
stile can he 100 t by taking time. If there Ili
an obi to harry any iff,otr to hot haste
to a step which you would never take delib
erately. that object will he frustrated by
(akin; time, hot no good object can be frars•
trate Iby it. Such of you as are dissatisfied
still have the oil Coominifsion, unimpaired,
sod on the sem-novo point thf laws of your
o-vu fronting tuuder.lL . white the new ad.
mintqtrsti9ii will have no immediate power.
if it would, to change either. If it were ad
mitted that you who are-dissatisfied hold
the right stile in the &smite ; there still is
no single good reason for precipitate action.
Intelligence, patriotism, christianity, and a
firm t ehance on [lien who has never yet for
ask, n t h ee favored land, 11141 eat oominitvot
to adjust, in tbo beat way," all our present
difficulties.
In your hands my dissatisfied countrymen
and not in wine is the mementoes, issue
civil war ; the gOvernment will not ttaail '
you ; you can have no confliet'withoot Wag
yourselves the aggressors. Yon hen no
oath registered in beaten to desttol the
dovernment while I shall have the most Rol ,
emn one to preserve, protect and defend it.
am loth to close. We are not enemies but
friends. Wti must not be,,enetniels. Though
passion may‘bave strained it must nO break
out bonds °reflection. The mystic fbords
of memory stretching from every baffle 1104
and patrotta grave to every loving heart end
he 'Mistime all over this bread land will yet
swell the chorus of the Union, when *gain
touched. as surely as they wit) be the better
an Is of our nature.
Toot VOOD Heys nettling sioqUil-os
like a Sunday coat or a pew paik lA=
To bay. time sot easy, your prostate Wrest
set the exempt*
111
MI
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