~ ,tr
• •
•
.- ::,~r
CM
con
VQI4,
crizi
110d/a OM =ACT JUPIIO2 TO ALL
INN ONLY ENOLIBIi DEMOCRATIC, N 1 WC
PAPER IN CEINTRE COUNTY.
lECEMLT HAYS
TERMS-41,50 In advent*, or If paid within xis
months $2,00 will be chased on all eubserip-
Ilona reaming le the end of the year.
A DVIr.ItTiBEMENTS.and. Bullies, Notice? insert
ed at the %oust rates, and every deaeriotton of
r• It X. ZIT 'l l 21v 4:3r.
EXHaltrls In the neatest manner, et tho lowest
prices, and with thu utmost deepatoh. fiesinK
parchment a large evilest hot of typskwe nro p re.
pared to Batley the orders of per &fonds.
VOA PRESIDENT,
JAS. BUCHANAN
OW PEINNOYLVANIA
VICE PRESIDENT,
JOHN C. BRECKWRIDGE,
ow xiiriTucKit
FOR cArria, COMMISSIONER
GEORGE SCOTT,
OF COLUMBIA COUNTY.
AUDITOit OENIMAL,
JACUE FRY, Jr. )
OF MONTOOIIIERY COUNTY.
Democratic Electoral Ticket
SENATOR! U..
irIitAICLAR
WILS4)N leccANDLus§
REPARSNNTAT)VR
DistdaL MID iE W NEBINUEE,
Do. 2d—PILEROH BUTLER,
,It.. 341—ElOW AIM WARTNI AN,
Do AM If WITTIE
Do- 11211--.IOIIN MeN A IR,
Do. If lif---JOLIN H. !MINTON,
Do.. Ida— -DAILID
•vo. Sib —CHARLEIB If FES LER,
a 10..• I --JCBEPII PATTEESQN,
Do 10111-ItW AO 81,1{NIKEIR.
NCIb SY II UtIIIEN,
Do. ( A 8 OSTER MO UT,
;Do. EDINOEIt,
Do 14*-3.1111131i1i s
; Do. 1511 OFA. CRAWFORD,
DO. 16th —JAJEEB OK,
tvrAlt
i t ikh--Joincu BAIDDY,
bD 4F JACOBTUEN:EY,
1 . 16 !b .-d A J. Wenn' NAN,
Do 21.L—WILLIAM WIL.KINhf, •
D. 1111--J A MEI/ c ... A1111. HELL,
Do TM —TR/VAS rCTIVNIVIDHIA-11,
Do. Utak—JOHNLAY,
6th—ViscENT pnEcra
•
A'II6U,D EX I' LE
The aellgrnett tif ithakerve4 *Fru tar..."
an appeal to the nitres of all sections of tile
country, in width they age moderation at , il
iorehtsrance., Their example is worthy o,"
(King intitata by the clergy in every other
part of the hand. ft is, in consonance tarith
the teachings of Christianity, to priivnuto
peace and good gill on earth. The altljsm
t erneetly urges:
4-I.4ltailedidat234.Wfstavrry_ went nod
(Iced which can tend to Inereaso the
elehetnent and irritation. Let us gni c no
countenance to lawless violence. V1 , 11 , 1)1.1' iu
low or hiet places. Let us Reck by ever)
practicable method to strengthen and bright
en the lowa et frillikitai uuwn. which should
embrace every eithsen of our favored States
and Territories. And, above all, let Chris
tunas fervently pray to The Father of Light
for Ells bleasing orl our rulers -that they
may be wise, lino, consolating and patrtotic,
and for air people —that they may be peace
able, prosperous and happy. 14 e are t
individually to self-examination, the confes
sion of our sins, penitence, and. a refot tna•
lion of our lives ; and by there ni..timAN, far
wore .readily Allan by,
..neree diseuanion, we
:Arco, the dangers which are impending or( r
our beloved laud. And now %“:. entreat you
by every consideration of patriotisrmand
piety—by the memory of our fathers --by
tho. 1400
_. which pun:hailed 011/ 116 flies _ . 'by' the Oistrigetak deeds of Bunker llill and
lorklown- ,, by the history of the past by
the willies* living and unborn, whose wt (-
fare depends on the preserection of our
Union—and especially by our religion.; pros
perity 4 jprestly increased under our ex
cellent government, to follow the - things
which make for pea.cx.
Artier or BLACK -IbtrusurANlsit.—At a
Black-flepublican meeting at Meim,e,tiructie
county, Wisconsin, mi . the 91st ult., the fel
/owinglesolption was adopted :
Resared, That it is the duly of the
North, is ease they fail in electing • Presi
dent and *Congress that will restore free
dom to liansae, to_revautaonsze the govern
ment."
The renglakeegsie (N. Y.) Telegraph
Matta that its editor heard a few4laya ago a
Illack-fterptibliean political clergyman make
the following declaration : '
I pray d4dy that thts tit:cursed Unto?t
may init—tismaithttil DM if blood have to be
These utterancesorays the Detroit Fire
Pros, ithew Liu sentiment by which the
Black-Republican party is animated.' (fan
any lover of „his country lend the slightest
old toward the ckvatiou of suck a party
to pdvrer?
Tun poWriaaint.,--Xha Springfield Argus
tnakes the Mowing pointed contrast:
"Ilticlnman is a idatestnan ; Fremont is
ad adeeehturer. puchimau is known and
tried ; ;Fremont is unknown and untried.
Niobium' has served hie country faithfully
in important political mullions for over forty
yard ; Fremont has explored the Rocky
monntaine and 'eaten dog.' Buchanan has
the qualifications for the Presidential chair;
Fremoutis utterly without them."
Tun STARS AND STUDriti,—ThiS is the title
of a new Campaign paper started a t Harris.
burg, devoted to the election of holies Bu
chanan and. John C. Breckinridge. It will
be issued semi-weekly during the campaign.
, -
Tll.O Mims' place
this year cm Tuesday, the ltll or November,
being the -Tuesday after the Ist Monday of
that month. Qiytltis day the people of
entire IJulou will raid ttioik votesi 9 riiiectong
of ProoidOnt liud Vico Pifesidtiit WON: S,
t o • •.• , • .
• •
--, - . •
I .
• .
•
. ..
• ...
•
..' . .
•
. . ••
1
Y
I .....
. ••
. .
. .
, .
_. . _ • • •,t
is;
ET FRANK if STREAMER
. .
t e 111,nue
idea, tVistonsin and KOH ICU Considerrd
Who should, and should 'lmago Mist—Conchs
Uon, etc.
In the twelve preceding chaptersive have
feebly attempted to give a faithful account
of the " Groat West" go far as we have seen
it. how near, it will approximate to the
ideas add views of many of our eastern
friends, we are unprepared to say ; but we
feel an honest conviction in our own heart
that wo have not enlarged upon pr detracted
Iron, the real merits and advantages of the
"Great Prairie Country." We had long
been an observer of men and things in the
west, and have in no little measure a practi
cal knowledge of how the ropes are walk
ed" and the " wires worked," end, if by
our opinions, we have been Instrumental in
leading some " strays" upon the " right
track" we shall be amply repaid for the lit
bor the wring of these chapters has
cost us
We are asked sometimes, what Statels
the beet to go to for the purchasing of good,
cheap lands, and for the doing of a Food bu
siness We answer, that in our opihion,
Illinois stands unrivalled in au the western
country, for cheap and good lauds, and for
the doing of an extensive business of any
kind. The State is rapidly filling up with
ertiturn people, and all the inhabitants are
an enterprising, industrious and an accomo•
dating class of people, with hearts corres
ponding to its wide, extensive prairies and
broad bloc lakes. I:Verythifig IIIOYCH off at,
locomotive speed in this State ; persons do
not stop their horses to make a bargain, or a
half day to make an arrangement. Every
person you meet is in a hurry ; there is no
stops to rest ; but like the cars upon their
various roads, they baste, to , their gla
ncing by the voice of time. There is
no other State that has so many railroad fa
cilities as this, and that properly oonsiderecl,
is the " hone and sinew" of any State. As
fur ht althfulness, w e have no doubt upon our
mind, whatever, that as won i ts
become cultivated, it will favorably compare
with any ono of the Middle States.
Tows, in our ()Onion (Lies not possess one
half of the advantage's that Illinois has. It
prabies arc more scarce, and as to its health,
it can be placed upojr the same page with
•
NYisoonsiu and Minnesota aro the health
;est litotes, and Mao h*ve the greatest bodies
timber. It will ho many years, flower( r,
b e t ore the greater portion of them will ever
be so tiled.
It in qur opinion, cold enough in the
i dint; StaFg, withcrert - vying - farther- Novas.
of late, has become the great
i-entre of ttttraetion , e have been civil
, tidy inforint d by persons who have la en
travelling anal liviitg in that region, that it
is a well tanUred, well watered, and a
healthy Territory. The climate of course is
more mild, and With less changes. We
Seerl comparrj , after company pals don u
the Chicago and St. LOUIS road, ra rout.. for
Kansas. They were principally men from
the States of \ ermolit, Massachusetts and
Rhode
The proper way to go, is W take the eats
at Pittsburg for Cincinnati, an ' l from thence
by way of the 01UV and Misi, wippi railroad
to St. I,ll,tliti. This is the slim test and most
direct route. Many however, by way of
qtdeago, and from thence to St. Louis ) but
this is quite an around ,about" way. At
St. Louts you take a •steattiboat for Cm hhs ,
sour) .raver. Tlu•ro are steamers leiavin3
every day.
Persons travelling to the extreme Western
States, and are desirous of slopping aloug
the road r can do so by purchasing a through
ticket at Pittsburg, for Chicago, Davenport,
Dubuque, or at any point they desire to
go to. The ticket will be good for...ninety
dare.
We would now wind up our narrative of
the West, by a few remarks upon the sub
ject of candidates ; which, in our estimation
are the most suitable and the most needed
in the west.
Aged and hoary headed farraera—you chat
have long tilled the soil profitably to your
selves, with your orchards teeming with all
kinds of fruit—with your large and own
modiouit and well filled barns—with you?
neat and and well fernished mansions—with
your cool fk4llllMthiss---v.,...litiyour large
and shady woods—with your enviable stock
—with your aged and devoted neighbets
around you—With your , convenience and
nearness to market --with your long attend
ed church dose by you, and with your va
rious other long wornhippod attractions
around you—yoo, we say, that have all
these long chertshell comforts surrounding
you, and for which You hare labored hard
to obtain, lot us beseech you to contentedly
_TIM% upon the "ow Farm" and continue
to longer cherish its &Wile:lions. Zoom- '
'ber that if you "go west," probably, long,
long before you can ever have the pleasure
of seeing a farm surrounded by such come
nienccs as the one you left, you may be
slumbering in " eternal sleep" beneath the
sodded.prairie. ~We say to old and well do
ing farmers stay where you aro. What
can it benefit you, and you own a hundred
acre's of prairie, when the cold grasp of
dfloth shall iseise upon your frame? Yon
will not'n4ectithe bundreth. part of one. If
ydi have stout ragged ob:ll4rca, give
CIIAPI'ER XIII
ticLbuti
t_ 43i
.ri
00 1 .1 A taw
• 446 4 4' misses on y
prooeut your household in the we
Mechanics and laborers, you that have
long been
_oppressed by_emtdlCwages and
"tong outstanding dolts" for labor done by
You. quickly shoulder your carpet sack:arid
haste to the West. That is the' only 'way
we know for you to redeem time and save
money.
Omen of every calling in life, thu
west is the place for you. But, when yoti
go, go l preptired not to find everything as
you anticipated, but to bravely and indus
triously push forward to ti, ring, with a de
termination to " see the Elephant" or to die
in the attempt. And when you conpior t
turn an affectionate gate hack to the " stony
tielda" " cragged mountains" and " rocky
vales,:' and shoot exultingly,
No ! for the Wase--the "Oloriotte West,"
That ouuntry le obieraat, whom tie bind. lap beet
CHAPTER XIV
" Sunny South"Ais—lts Attrnettort g
Steamboat Virgsuits"—Trip down the Kar.
er, etr, fIC
It is our purpose to give in the-following
chapters a brief det;M.iptioti of the "Slimly
South" and our journey Thither. We do
not profess to bo anything like " well post
ht Nord to the great Attrict.i?tuvig L
"sunny land ;" thcrefote, sOe Asti - Or
write about those things which .have come
under our own observations.
After we had spent many months in the
Western country, we concluded pitying a
visit to our friends iu the " far South,"
prompted to this conclusion more by the re
peated attacks of the " chills and fever t ' i ;
whieli we were subject to, than anything
else, we !instill, in the month of October,
made the necessary preparations fur mit de
parture. We took the cars upon the Chi
cago and St. Lotus road at Pontiac, in Illi
nois, in the afternoon of a very beautiful
day in the said month, and arrived in the
city of Alton on the same evening. At this
place tie got aboaick of the Wain packet
" Winchester," and in a short time we were
glidmfi down, at the rate of tea- miles per
hour, upon the waters of thu Upper Missis
sippi. The boat was• well crowded with
passengers, sonic discussing politics, some
smoking, some playing cards, some reading
and others drinking. Among those engaged
in pati,..47, discussions, was ex-Senator At
(Alison, who has distinguished himself from'
rian"in the Kxnens excitement. Cousin
ing ins tixtraordinary corporeal develop
ments, we do noatldukidizainappropriately-
MEE
Five miles below the city of Alton, the
'• Great Missouri" empties her large tiody or
water into the channels of the Mississippi.
On arriving at the steamboat landing in
the city of iStMi'initi, w c heard nothing for a
tium.1.1411., . treLownixxilin;:a 01.14
hotel runnel " cab drivers," " coach
men," &c. Being pi:minded - by a friend,
ith whom we were somewhat acquainted,
e were induced to go to " Ilarnuan's St.
Louis Hotel," whi,idi is a large and beautiful
four story building, sit wiled ini r High
street, between Market and Vine streets.
,The next day !wing Sabbath, we cotelu
ded to attends ninny ,hurdle., as pOS4ibie,
Accordingly in the meriting we attendtd
" Mass" in the beat and pi iiwilial Catholic
Chureh. At eleven o'clocl, 'l%e heard a 'ser
mon at the "Church of the Mes,isii," which.
by the way, is tile pretticat,dinech in St.
Louis. 'I he chtapest pew,,,hi'''.lf4 chinch
4'i k tit
rents for two hundred and tilli %liars per
year ; and the highest for eight I ~,,
the afternoon we visitad tiailitel 'et Evis.
copal Chiirch, and in the evening we at tend-
I 4 .,1 the celebrated Dr. Rice's church, and
heard frtrn the h arned 119 c tor an exc., Rent
sermon, preached from these We; dm •,. " Mas
ters give unto your servants that which is
just and equal"—collossiana iv: I. Who
next day we spent in visiting the various
p; aeon of attraction in the city : the several
Inamtfnetunes, steandswit lauding, L c ..
The city of St. Louis is very beautifully
situated upon a kind of ascoud bottom that
vises gently from the river to a considerable
eminence. Hack of the city an extenaive
plain covered with bushes and shrub oaks
opens to view, boyond which an' expansive
belt of grassy prairie ia visible. "The city
has extended 'their Along the bill, and some
of its host houses are built on that pleasant
elevation. , A great nun:flier of keel boats,
and river craft of all descriptions, bound to
all points of the boatable waters of the Mitt
sistippi, are seen at alt seasons of the year
lying in the harbor. Miners, trappers, hun
ters, adventurers, emigrants and people Ot
all character and langeages. moot here and
disperse it:ion:Mk of their various Objects
in every direction, some even beyond the re
f mutest points of civilitation.
The principal part of the city along the
river is Wilt' in French style. Narrow
streets, buildings with a rough exterior, and
walks of flag Inoue fomi its cilia attrac
tiona. Upon the streets live the French,
Irish, Gentians and comet-low Spaniards.
hat part of the city Which lies back of the
, or upon its skinntrit;ls'bUilt in Ameri
can style, twithlts wide and beautiful streets,
line buildings, and pleasantly shaded walks.
TIM principal hotels are the ';litsriler's
House" " Virginia House" and , " llainUm'S
St. I.4iuM hotel-" Their clutrges are two
dollars and a kit per day. pt. , Louis con
tains forty chureh'eiciteeen public schools,.
two i l ye.li;,tl ;. one literary and ono
ixollegetroseverat baulai and two the
atres. - • • •
.„
Thu number of cricaillticiii#- etigiski4
After spending throe days ,- •. p enntl
in the cittwe started, in comp ' with our
frieutito the . titeamboat landing, iivirch of
a steamboat destined for NOW 0 vans. We
soon.famid the object of our Fire h, anti en
-11 gaged a•passugo to Baton Rouge Lousiana;
that being the place we had co luded to
stop at, for the pirpose of *I log our
friends and seeing the country. be fare
to Baton Rouge was twenty done , and the
distance ono thousand and f trthrest
tniles.
On tholcuitth day after Our arri 1 in St.
Louis, wo were again inboard the again ,
cent steamer " \ irgints" and plewin down
the groat " Fathei• of waters"--,tho 1811IiH
aipi. This boat had on board taro In sired
and thirty cabin passengers" e hid;red
and twenty-two steerage VMS(' ni, rt.y
fifty
head Of horses , head of ca e, sevfnty
j it
head of sheep, and twenty he ( of males,
all destined for the southern „ la. The
river being low and the boat t wing eight
feet it required very careful pit (fog to get
tot safely over the bars, with " running
. ..
aground." 11 •
Thu " Virginia". was a magi c ent boat,
being fitted up in the moat •Lly style.
and butteradit paintsd an - tad. The
state rooms, seventy-twO in her, were
I Wide, spacious and well ventilated. The
ladies' parlor was fitted up in the most
splendid array, well furnished, anti spring
cushioned 'sofas, marble topped centre ta
bles, piano, music books and 'an the other
ci cetera., necessary fur the accimiodation
and entertainment of the most ficAnisuilile
ladies. The hall was lit up at night by four
of the most costly chandeliers. 'The bar"
was also fitted slut to costly style, and the
table with its sercitien and dsiut‘es n as one
of the be.t we hale ever had the pleasure
of seeing or setting down to. No regard
seemed to be, paid whatever, to the expense
of the selection ; the object being to make
it suitably exectleut to the --fansims nr,tleo
mob rigid coimoilisi•ur.
The officers or the boat.rere kiwi and
offisiffii.; always manifestly a disposition
to please, and every person attmected
any one way with the business of the
boat, made themselves untiring ana useful
upon all occastorw.
of the St. Louis Theatre, and who were
destined for New leans to takte.chnrir of
tho " St. Charles" in that city. This trouper
were a very lively and entellainuw; Hot of
and we 61141 iu its proper place
notice thuni more fully.
The speed of this boat did not exceed ten
miles per hour, sad her cost, we were cred
ibly info' tried, was sixty thousand dollars.
- TVINVIXTTITI -
POLITICAL
From 1%. WafhittgloN. I7nron
TWE WAGiiN UP LAIIIIR DIR BITCH
ANA ,1/ 2 S VII•IVS—AN ULD CALUMIVr
EA PUS VD
lit the memorable presidential (-amass of
18411, one of the charges against. the Demo
cratic party by which the people welt, de
eriveil into the support of the It hig notrutia
tion Has the false allegation, that to ailvon[a
'deg. the independent-treasury system the
I Wire ierstsfssurled I i , reduction of the wages
of the lalsit tug man to ^ ten cents a day."
'flits, together with other mnirepresenta
tions equally unfounded, susostated for the
time being in effecting the overthrow or the
Democracy. Within less than a year after
that result, the people discovered the mipe
eitions winch had been practised on them,
and there in now not to be found on the
Statute-hooks oue measure of general inter-'
est which was enacted by the Congress which
was elected during the BSI* temporary de
lusion in the'popular mind which caused the
defeat of the Democretic candidate for the
presidency. 11:sperienco has so fully yindi
cited the wisdom of the independent-treas
ury. system, that it has become the settled
policy of the government, tea no man bf
I l any party is insane enough to propene to
disturb it: But whilst all men of all parties
freely acquiesce in the independent-treasury
policy, there are some who indulge tho
illu
*try „idea, that bectume the people were
[ cheated in 1840 by the false clamor - about
[ low wages they can be cheated again in 1846 I
in the same way. As it was on a palpable
misrepresentation of a epeeoh of Mr. Buchan
,an in support of the independent-treasury
law that the' charge as to the reduction of
I wages was made, tt is supppaed that p ow;
when ho is the Deniesratte: muldidate kir the'
presidency, the same charge-May he ^Medd ;
and pressed with equal sum.* ho far from'
objecting to the reetiwal of thlikoaluirtny, we
are rather disposed to thank tint 'Skeen Gat
-cite, of New Jersey, and cream kindred
pewits, for the opporturiig Wltineh th e y af
forded us of Situlicating Mr. Bushiniit's
claims to wise statesmanship in the support
of that measure Which has become part of
the settled policy of the government.
The "ten cent" charge hail its origin in
this wise: On thel2d of January, 1840, Mr,
Buchanan delivered a speech in the flahata
in favor of the independent-treasury bill,
reply to one by Mr. Clay, of Kentilohy,
against it. In that speech Mr. Buchanan'
discussed the measure in its Practiced bearing
upon, the manufacturing interest and upon
the currency. n fle summed op the leading
otojectitef the indepeolentry is AA
'twit :
• !"".;- •'•-• • this Vs&
rlelipioney from tlie Wreck o the banking
System, and to always have it ready to pro
mote the peoeperity Of thti country in peace
and deeend 'tin war. Incidentally, howe'rer, it.
will do home good in chetking thiextravagant
spirit of speculation, which is the bane of
the country.
In the first place, by requiring specie
in all receipts and expenditures of the gee
vermnent you will create an additional de
mand for gold and silver to the amount of
dye million of dollars per annum, according
to the estimate of the l'resklent. A large'
portion of this sum will be Alrawn from the
banks, and this will cog' hl them to keep
more specie in their vaults In proportion to
their circulation and -deposites, and to bank
!est. This so tar as it May go,
will strike
at the root of the existing evil. I. fear, how
ever. that it will prove to be but a yeey inad
equate restraint upon excessive blinking.
lu the second 'anise, this hill 'sill In some
degree, diminish our imports, especially after
June, 26-12. 1 most &artily oeudttr with
the senator in &siring this result. What is
the condition of the importing business at
the present moment I It is shast exclusive.
lo In the hands of British agents, who sell
all the manufactures they CID dispose of in
other i tiorttons of the world, and then bring
the residuum here to glut our markets. Ac
cording to. our existing laws, they receive a
credit. Iron' the government to the amount
of its ditties. They sell. the goods for cash,
awl this credit becomes so notch capital IR
their hands teaaablo them to make recall
'Mt tridertindent:treasury,bill
requires that all duties Anil be paid in gold
atop I.II}IT I and after June 1842,the compro
mise law will take away the ere& it Altogeth
er. We shall then have a system of cast)
duties in operation, which will contribute
tins h to atduce the amount of our importa
tions and to encourage domestic mama's"-
tuns. •
In the third Waco, this bill will make
the banking interciltllie greatest economist
in the country, so far as the gi rrerritnent is
imiccnied. TltOir 'nerves of Self-intcreit will
be lunched in favor of economy; and this
a ill induce thcut-to un'ile-With Utp people in
educing the revenue and expeaditurea of
the koN , :rninent to the lowest standard con
stn4.ntly vv the public good."
Mt. Buchanan regarded the United States
Bank as the antagonist proposition, and on
that subject he spoke as follows;
- u frka.a sek attax h idiculwl Use bat 41te
establishment of a new bank of the United
States could pnivedaverons to civil liberty.
Such a hank, with a capital of front fifty to a
hawked millions of dollars, with branches
in every State of the Linton, dimming, by its
expanaions and contractions, when maces
sliotikl rise and a hen they should fall, would
be a most tremendous inatrUment of errs=
ponsible power. If' wouy be a machine
as the fancy . of some gentlemen has painted
it.. There is it natural Albano° between
wealth and power. Mr. Itandelphrtnte said,
• Male and Tentahi created ho them.' Com.
bine the moneyed aristocracy of the country,
through the agency of a national bank, a nth
the administration, and their united power
wont,/ create an influence which it would be
&Brest impossible for the people to with
stand. Wit should never again at e, these
powers in hostile array n,inunst each other.
In the days of general Jackson tv'e a'tress
id limos .... net the- rule.- Give Ant ,
President such a bank as 1 have
and, a e shall hei rafter lots, a most pcswe rut
stiebeavion. With all the powir of the Est, o
live, combined with all the wealth of the
country, ho would be the most art mit block
bead in the world if he were not able to re
elect himself and to nominate his successor.
All the forms of the constitution aught still
renutin. The people might still be deluded
with the idea that they elcottil their Presi
&la ; WC the animating spirit of our free
iuc,ntulions would begone forever. A seeml,
Lot all-pre 4 .-Mling, money' il influence would
sap the foundations of liberty and render it
au empty 1111111 C.
" The immense power of such an institii
hen wits unwire:4,d 111 the tremendous ef.
forts which it wade against tkneral Jack
son. Had he not enjoyed more personal
popularity in this country than any man
ago ever lived, these (Alerts would have
proved irresistible. As it was, the obathet
WILY of the most portentions character, that
shook the Union to its centre. Indeed, the
bank, itl one time, would, in all human pro
bability, have rained the victory, had the
election of the Preaident chanced to ocour at
' that period ; and we should then hare wit
nessed the appalling spectacle of the triumph
of the hank over the rights and liberties of
the petiple. The constitution of the country
and the Democratic part," would then have
been prosta sled "ugether."
In regard Cu the influence of vices as re
sulting !loin en adlated piper currency ou
die saanuitiaturing interest, Mr. Buchanan
made these remarks :
"Sir, I solemnlybelieve that if wecoidd but
reduce this inflated paper bubble to anythiug
like reasonable dimensions, Ne* k;o4lowl
would become' the most prosperous Manure.>
turing country that the aun ever shone upon.
Why cannot we manufacture goods, mod es
p eN ially °ottani goods, which will go into a-ov
ens/dui competition with British inuitufac
tures in foreign markets I Have we not the
tr7l7capital ? thy* we not the huhu-
WIAII we not the machinery I And,
Abets all, are not our skill, *new and en
terprise proverbial throughout the world
Land iv ea.. vb......rve leers men in arty' other
country on the face of the earth. Wo pos
ttest every advantage *Melt Providenco can
bestow upon us for the manufacturing of oott
ton ; but they are all counteracted by the
folly of man. The raw tutorial coats us
leas than it does the 'English, because' this is
an article - the price of which depends upon
foreign nutrkets, and in not regulated by our
own inflated currency. We, therefore, save
the freight of the cotton across the Atlantic,
and that of the matinfactered article on its
return here. What is the reason that, with
all these advantages, and with the protectite
duties which our laws afford to the dorries
tic manufacturer of cotton, we cannot obtain
exciusivo posseitiot of the home market,
and successfully contend for the markets of
the world I It is simply because we man
ufacture at the 'nominal prices of our own in
flated currency, and are compelled to sell 4
the real prices of other natious. Deduce
our nominal to the reel ideaditird of prices
througivut the wortth tad you cover our
country with blesaingemPbeitelits. I wish
toilseven I could speak Ms a voice fond
cepuh to lie heard throughout NOW Eng
• land botinnie If the attention of tlio-outuu7,
f A'. ,
:v, ' 4 ''''''' . ' e . ~
''\.-
-.
. •
radiates could orierkhe directed to thettub-
Jed, (lair own
. Sairo: in
and native s
bk aga
.
lae affecte b ur cute' n
i
credit system, and would'enable atom to ap
ply the prowr corrective." ,
In answer to Mr. OlaY',ltillOgatien, that
the object of the frie»els of tho independent.-
treaaury was to establhth an exclusive me
t:111:c currency, Mr.Th chanan stated tho fol ,
lowing to he his position:
" Tiut
,the senator from Kentucky [Mr.
Olnyi leaven no slime unturned. Ile Hayti
that the friends of the isidepeLdent-treas
ury desire to establish and exclusive metal
lic currency as the medium of. all dealings
throughout the Union, and, aim, to reduce
the wages of tile poor. mart's so that
the rich employer may be able to sell his
manufactures at a lower price. Now, sir, I
deny the corratness If both these proposi•
lions ; and, in the &Opines, d, for elle, am
not in favor of estaldishing an exclusive one
tallic currency for the people of. thisei txdry.
I desire to see the hanks greatly reduced in
nutrilocr, anti would, if 1 could, confine their
accommodations to such loans or disLmunts,
for lignite , ' periods, to the commercial,, man
ufacturing, and trading classes of the com
munity as the ordinary course of their bind
ness [night render necessary. I never wish
to see farmers and mechanics and profession
al men tempted by the facility of obtaining
hank loans for long periods, to abandon tin it
own Over and useful and respectable
spheres, anti rush into wildstutil extravagant
speculation. I would, if I could, radically
reform the piesent•banking system , kilo AS to
confine it within such limits at to preeen
future suspensions of specie payments ; anti,
without exception, 1 meld instantly deprive
each and every batik of its charter which
should again ~o~prnd. Ilstl , :blish these or
siniitar reforms and give its n real specie
twins for our paper circulation, by increasing
the tit notiiination of bank notes, first to ten,
and afterwards to twenty dollars, and I shall
then ho the friend, not the enemy, of hanks.
know that the existence of banks and the
eireulatiltt,of bank paper agc ao identified
vith4lie habits of our people that they can
not 1.k% abolished, even if this were desirable.
' To reform, and not to destroy is rap rgotto.
To confine them to their appropriate busi
ness, and to prevent then"' from ministering
to the spirit of wild and reckless speculation
by extravagant 1011,118 and issues, is all which
(ight to be desired. But this I shall say
If -cerement:Le should prove it to be impossi
ble to enjoy the facilities which well-regula
ted ladiks - would afford, %about at The elan*
tune, , iontinuing lb suffer the evils shad)
the wild exetsses of the pregent backs have
hitherto entailed upon the country, then I
should considei it the Lesser Oall to abolish
i altogether. If the State legislature
shall now do their duty, 1, do not believe
that it will tree become accessary to decide
on such an alternative." 1
765 .4 1 400t0-Loool.-. 1 1..•••AL-timalha.ili
the Wages °, laboring men. 4s
chargewhieh it is now sought to revive, we
invite apecial attention to Mr. -Buchanan's
reply. It was as follows ;
"We are also charged by the senator from
Kentucky with wdesire,to reduce the w ago; of
the poor man's labor. We have been often
termed agitators on our make of the house. It
is something new under the sun to hear the
senator and his friends attribute to tag it de
',ire to eleviati the wealthy marinfsdurer at
tli,a.oapense ofthe laburhiK nian,and the me
chanic. From my soul i respect the labor
ing man. labor is the foundation of he wealth
of every country; and the flee lalsners of
the North deserve re:fix-et both for their pro
bity and their intelligenee. Heaven forbid
that I should do them wrong ! Of all the
countries on the earth, we ought to have the
roost consideration for the laboring man.
Prom the very nature of our itistitutions, the
wheel of fortune is eonstantly revolting and
producing such mutations in property that
the wealthy man of to-day may become the
isior labour if to-morrow. Truly wield' M
t •ii takes to itself w ings and II es* i ay. A large
fortune rat ely lasts beyotul the third genera
tion, even if it endure /50 long. We must
all know instances of inilivjiluals obliged to
Labor fur their daily bresee hose grandfath
ers eu'retlli'll of fortune. The regular pro
cess of society would tamest seem to consist
of the efforts of one class to dissipate the
fortunes which they have inherited, 'whilst
another class, by their industry and econo
my, aro regulaily rising to wealth. We
have all. theiclore, a common interest, as it
is our cession duty, to protect the nglits of
the laboring man ; and if I believed for a
moment that this hilt wou l d prove injurious
to hint, it should meet uty uuqualified oppo
sition.
Although this hill will not have as great
sit intllich enas 1 eould desire, yet, as far as
it goes. it will benefit the laboring man ss
much and probably more, than any other
class of society. What Mit he oughtipost to
desire? Constant employment, regular wa
ges, and uniform, reasonable prices for the
necessaries and comforts of life which he
requires. Now, sir, what has been his con
dition under our system of expansions and
contractions I Ile has suffered more by them
than any other class of gamily. The rate
of his wages is 13xedtlail known ; and they
are the last to rise with the ini•reusing ex•
primmer),
and the first to full when the cor
responding revulsion occurs. Ile still con
tinues to receive his dollar per day, whilst
the price of every article which lie conspthes
is rapidly rising. lie is at length rdaao . to
feel that, although ho nominally earns as
much or eyeu. Inure thin h.. 4-1
yet, firtall the increased price of all the ne
cessaries of life, he cannot support his faini
ly. NN-strips for higher WageS, and
the unesay and, rialtell feelings which have
at different periods existed among the labor
ing classes. But the expansion at length
reaches the exploding point, and what does
the laboring,insin now 1141ffer 1 , lie is for a
season thrortn out of employment altogeth
er. Our manufacture% are auttpentled ; our
public works areattopped : our pritlite enter
prise of difterenekrodi are abandoned ; and,
.whilst others are able to weather the storm,
he can scarcely procure the MOMS of bate
subsistence."
The reader will be surprised, when we
state that vvhstever of foundation there as
for the " ten cent" charge is embraced in
the extruste which we Pte made from Mr.
Bnchaisan's apitch. Throughout the whole
of ittthere is no aentonoe or word which
gives even 'plausibility to thst,diarge. Prot*
beginning.. to end the mpeech abounds in
sound statestiiatilikksentinionts, which have
been fully illustrated by the experience of
the Isiit sixteen oars. Out "rfirei purpose
• 4t,
s f' '
NO. 33.
in making such Weer"l quotstiona is "hi 1
(boats the wisdom and Monad and parka,
ism eitrtherrihrilhanam • .Mre desired WADI
how nobly he sustained tienesed hediereW
irk his striiggte with the United States Voilik
—hosi faithfully tti,tl ably he triantimhid tlidl ,
fh ma:ratio welded on the hideperebut
treasury system—how oicsAY 4* . 0 11 2 11 M/".,,,.
heridedilrui how forcibly be presented the
merits of that system---and Mr* clearly and
earnestly ho advocated the interests of the
laboring man. It it); indeed, straw' itilit
the charge of a wish to reduce the wipe, „ 94
laboring tile should be basest RI enjitivkl
in this silted'. But it meet be reeekleetit
that it ,s, as, during the remarkab
gf 1810 tliat this charge obtainrl-44alizin*.
In the then condition of the poptilar Mind; .
nothings as tip absurd or preposterous d
ion to be acceptable to the depraved Aube
of the thrs. This remark is fully illnabs-'
H Z 4
led hy the, inangei• in which Mr. li r e , 'a
speech was perverted, and ,a 4,4* 1,1
cell from it which was in diroct con ' '
•
of the speech itself.-
Amongst others who undertook to answer
Mr. Burhiman's speech was the Mom Jolla
Davis, Ma sacliuselks-he Cat was unser
known as '. hands John Davis." Re assumed!
in his argument, directly in die ieetVa tifil
fact, that Mr. Buchanan had ad Slid Ili*
ludrperident,trisuisery es it
would eatablish,an Imola/dm ,
~ yaw
rcncy. Starting with this erifreolBll usable.
Lion, he argued to show that it wind(' N . *
ibis n the wages of labor to the standard (it
prices in countries where the currency is
cxeltutively metallic. Tr gilt sirch. whe n
~ , _
published, there was 11.4 1 i 1101100.111 i 1
. Willita
lie int rodueo,al.a,table showiriViet;puress
of the exclusively metallic Countrittlif
rope laborers only received ten certlie a tiny.
Putting the speech scat theisMhaii: 10.
guitar, the hint :Alta taken; mile a chew
raised that the Democrats wire re Amor of
reducing the wages of the laborer lo hell
cents a day. -
In a subsequent speech, !MAI o n
- tie it
of March, IMO, Mr. ihnohirian denounced
the charge against/dm in thc itiimikart isig.
gum-0, saying:-
• '. Self rempoot, as weft the respect whisk
owe,to the benate, restrains me 11Voin
Such a contraiiiption to thm aileron to it
&seri( e„ It poop_ surely not
uttploper, however, in me, if I win, P=
to the &miter and apply the epithet Aide '
he iumaelf has applied, to the proposition he
im mitts to me, and were to .
E
Mr. Boobastia
.0 laid
. i1,0 . w . 1i, la
. ,
killon s : •
" In my remarks I Ailed distil:ond y whit
legislation would. I thought, be required is
accomplish this purpore. In U kme-phase,
I observed thif, the banks outfit ps Ise new
pelted to keep in their vaults a ma* Ist
proportion of speci‘oomparell with thfltsdp.
culathin and nepositee ; or. in other w
a certain proportion of immediate cie
means, to inert their immediate res
biliues. 2,1. That the foundationtof p
cie basis for our paper currency
laid by prohibiting the circulabod
A
notes, at the flrst under the d
ten, and after a ads wider -that of tw
&tient. .td. That the amount of batik -
iiicuds should be limited. 4th. And, 14'
all, that, upon the occurrence of
suspension, the doors of the baulks.
be cl o sed at owe, and their affairs p illt
the Winds of communioners„ . 41. (nit
that such must be the Inevitable ei frli al
another suspension would do niiiii as
vent it than any other cense. To rangy
and not to destroy ass my mowed mot*.
I know that the existence of honks sod the
circulation of bank paper are we identieek
N ith the habits of our people that till eat
not be abolished, even if this wets diari st.
" Snell a reform in the banking as
1 hero indicated would bentait ev e r
of society,: kit, skive all Others; the a m„
who tnakus his living by tinayerat
b row . Th e ohject at wti i ßtoed kty door
suereforms not a puni, so amisonz,
but a currency of a mot ,t: recta • do
paper liatiuu.rot it 'two% convertible lisfAo
gold and silver, and subject t o as vit s i cr ik o .
minion pi amount as the regular busbies* of
the country Ni ould Admit. Of all regorges'
this is what the inechnniermil latio .11 •22
ought 111081 to desire. It would, .. ... • '
steady prices and steady e,ntplo .. - '..
under itsinthience, the country w.. !.`,.
steadily on in its carFi'r of pyos ' t.
out suffering film the wino fio e ,
And ebittrainions and oxplosiasi 'al . "'
hiiik endured during . tile last twang L..
Whit is molt essential to thekg
proi%
the mectilillic and laboring man I
einyloyineut, steady and fair watt(
uniform prices for the necessaries . Wm
forts of life which he must pur c e= l opil
payment for his labor in a sound ..o
After restating furthci his itrAUltrerito an
p;ementod in his lizottiqi of Jariblii7' 22. As.
Buchanan said, in refera r Me tei tliviiedimaiima
of die wages of the laboringinnig ' i'
. • caractulika
greelybenelit tile liebeeisg maw, bi 'Monk
the violent and tuiooue expAnsiebs Nod etw
tractions to which our cumer4 . iirsa *do
dent, sod by judicious Mirk 1 711 0 001.110401012
' onsecttled baits. If this erpt,i,deeek lobs&
would bo the oonticquenoe t Thee, ateilielobie+
lag men could not ' , active as pelt a apaivi rs i
*mount for his labor as be di d' in tin days°,
extravagant expansion,' which istuillahrsys•
under our present systenx be of short 4tlea-
Lion, he would be indemn4led, and far sera
than indemnitlid, Cox the constant e n =
ilei
went, the t-Wigeo r and the
and mnm
ore I f prices of the neemeaarien
and comforts of life, which
L it ninra stable
eurreriey Wald produce . , Oefi .We peeper
t uition be controverted I LA* not. It it
too ploiti n tir incuMent. us, sir. 141 i•
sipow
,I *o
l eire to p uco this'll/44)y result, no t b edp,
tabliiiiiintr, wi....e.illetalk ognyney, 11".
reduning ' thhomonrit "Of or bank „
within reasnliabler,"ond e tionitl4. .*
tablishing a. mashie bs " m r, 44W • • , •
circulation.' The Map yls' ._, . ~ I ,
that it is better, much
_Wier, or tits '., ,
Mr man., as we ll as lbr every. ealge T.
of _society. eocepethe 4 0 0444,4*. _.,'...: 74
'mai neis of the animal shoal be ,=: '',,
,ti that flied init. )K11411644. '-'... •
SI
I=
5
1~~ ~
9•kk