SSnStJ * '*
aammtoas ataamm ‘
wo**n »» jA **rrtiir
•P » MB**}
• «Mli) the. fwt
"Ct* 001,be *~* aMin *r**
Ho AM JOBOXD 90 smu
HOAMJMWaWTOMM. -
So am*mmBb «o«asb. .
fl* only « mtWIM tfgmt k«iak ■*-'■
usi rotk cmaas ratt "•*
r ■■ tt macb. - . - ;
U£K ?Ol!B CHOICE FOB M, '
ror‘-‘--»t»-^- l -rf-fttt-| -
L ' £ •■
KaiuncUed utdConl do SjjfJ
I ’ WdOuMb: do ■ irgjj
!| • ondJUbjr ■ ~ f 22
uotcrCnu« Selling »tt» do toSS
duVooodo do— ggJJ
' doihte«u, d*-r% JS£ff
. Block ktauic . do ; 'S*S
doUSteHooicib 1 ! JSS
CdkvSeia. d> »1?S
E*i»U, witlrßrUUiatk, do s{*}f
■ t Jtl
mxlCmw, , - -*® 1
littadGold Pfc
r Plated Spool
IMw, '
poUcraa and
.14 kr
Hcfla, SlcCTf
Md JbUMI 7
mt'Sir ten *
ta acid—4lie>.
infer—«U made
■I w/k, Indies’
sold byJeircle'
tlmrt Jfcefc
t> eiutmellt*!
UftV fcr |l <
f^a&d'
p jSSk
SPECIAL NOTICE.
OW TO SKXD JHKWV.^.
"«W» *•“.!* WiwWw^W.^
UHOiUjta we Bunaks ~ TljftTu^j
with WAX,- r —-’-rift li.lul -gy—,
«uiljr opened—the coeimti takoi ou
itead to tide, yind we will f - n<jj|inn>lHt
-rCKMEKTSTOAOKHtt.
ingas Ascot, who win aeni scats*
ro « 0»U rraatinK-tfcwWatcfc, ntH.
g«U l^vcrWatefc.
Surer WaJrh.
» article eeloctedbca tk»ab«T«.Utt *1
5 by mail mui «wf $1 and U owtata
'JIVE 03 A TRIAL.
iotttauut be addrefpalte ,
WU.ui»JMirP. , /
Ko. 897 Mwktt StreM, ••/
7, ISSI-Sm:
PUBLIC.—TB E M&B
-—** ‘TlrThhniniiifMiinlm i
ESALE AKD JHK
»nu?£ i snxrKsiWKpg^*
«eo Annie (treat, Ixlama H—t** —r*
t-t Altoona, wlitm he vQI irwpriiaxffi
f Maortment of grrrrtldoy n
OMi of ob reaurmnUe taAna.?
CG & SPOUTING
notice. Be abo MUnbcteat laxao
ifch la aaid to tie sad njlltrint
or tin. '
ctwit a ropperamltli&te raw toUtea
■l**? 1 00 *““ d Aaaortawnt fC o*
rurk promptly tttaxM I*
lh; bMO.
Iff-
I4T QUESTIOSr
: th* mind at ■„
r-t the best ertfcto "
to other mourn, tWoito^W
£lBl5 <Urwt> bßt "**^L.
B OR SHOES . -PUP*
P- whfch he offers atfofrnMi; ' -
cUU atfcm&ifc to ttwtqMpjAafl iß<
■ 3S y.Me.,w.Jßf»
PJ ; jlillftl
band . ’ *
lot ~-~
ACOB .MBy,
o£ BsiAßugaatiOEr.
itfIGNED ANNOUNCE
Of Altoon, «od .Watt, tort toy >*»
'Hi?' saoßitt'
cotioß gfoato ■oiri»f
rtte« share
oarnfcr
1-tf :
DOUCE GA
r^alßdmamAi
**•»»«. Mt to:
.mm
wg.y.ny
>?>.<* K«*Terk
FDfiaoß&--j
paw v^tmituA-n
> «wtiSsnsiBi
*>ldEttyr«l
milmmtM
JuvMuat
-.• - .-a!.. Fisa
BASJ&.
LEAD OJLg,
. | |
MdCRUM k BERN,
VOL. 6.
< X> IC 4 .
advice free.
v New-York Benevolent Infinnary,
ESTABLISHED 1866,
to The Chute of Medical Reform,; to the Dif
c/Midiad Krundedge for the Trmntion of Diotate,
• to th« relief of thoaa suffering eoi afflicted with Chro
-t u 4 Virulent Disorders. To Uifi end this Infirmary u
endowed, to enable the aiclt and antferlng throughout the
and breadth of our land, toaruUtbaJhaonour
Pngt, Retortion, and Ignorance of yrofexted Phyncuuit,
toi*h which tbonaanda and teaa of thousands annually
are acme of the diaeswa we cure, not only
tbo InSrmarv bat in all parta of oar country :
Consumption'and Pulmonary Complaints, Fevers, Scrof
da. Dyspepsia. Ey“ and Ear Disease, Cancen and other
Tumon Jaundice and Liver Complaint, Seminal tVaaltcMa,
u d all diaeaaea of the Urinary Sexual Organa, from
whatever Caaae or wbatarer nature. Our object will be to
cite jut to tbo afflicted by effecting in all cases agpeedy core.
* Out rule It to charge nothing for advice and written pro-
K-rinttotti: but will furnlah when requested the very beat
nediciaee at the lowest rates.
; These remedies an prepared In our own Laboratory, nn
: ow can of able Chemists, and are the mbit reliable
hauitn to aciance. Including all the recent diecSf erica.
Xu all addressing ns by letter, containing full account of
..mptoins and appearances of disease, age,
~wi:l write a candid riply, with advice and directions
hr rate. Any fees sent os when Bending for advice will be
diluted to furnishing medicine for the poor. In a)I cates
nitdiclnt can be tent by mall or express if desired, bend
hi uns or more of our works and Judge for yourselves.
, .j pcUished at the Infirmary, to aid tbeae objects,
THE FAMILY PHYSICIAN,
L', simple remedies easily obtained for the cure ot
pjeMM in all ite forms, with fall explanations of the
ctsiffi, symptoms, diet) bathing and exercise. Price SO eta.
THE LADIES' MEDICAL FRIEND.
AND THE PHYSIOLOGY ON MARRIAGE.
A work on the cause, symptoms and treatment of all
u>apU!utt peculiar to the sex, on marriage, its duties,
nUruiiD and Its results, on Children, their Ills, and on the
pr«T<BUou of conception, with Invaluable Instructions to
item va subjects of a private nature. Price 26 cent*.
Tk Gentlemen’s Medical Compawon,
AND PRIVATE ADVISER,
A Uuk for the eld And young, unbracing the P&tkolcgy,
P/..-rc ttij* and Cure of all Dikmu* of the Urinary and Sox
*ti Organs and a training voice.of advice and counsel, such
k i :* be found in no other work.. Trice 25 cents.
THE GUIDE AND GUARD
I lapocuril the Humbug*. and the various Trick* to
esiic* the sick and well. It Illustrates the plans of the
and Rogues to dujfc every one. It guides the an
-tirr through Ufa, and shows up every swizzle of the age.
Itkhuwshow all kinds of food. Medicines, Liquors and
deeds are adulterated, with the moans of detecting the
Ir&udi. Trice 25 ccntt. ~
- THE HOUSEHOLD AND FAHM,
PLANTATION AND SHOP.
fcr every family* having over 1000 receipts on Cooking,
Preserving. Dyeing, Cleaning, Ac. How to plant and whax
u ihs best to raise. How to core animals, advice to house-
Usjsn, formers and mechanics, on 1000 subjects of Inter
est Trice 25 cents. Worth $lO to any one.
THE CONSUMPTIVES BOOK.
Par those who wish to get well from that awful disease,
» fall dsscripdon of all tel remedies need lor it, with a
uiefttl stateaent of the results, and other useful informa
tion. Trice 10 cents.
TUe information la them Is not to be fimoa In any works
c&Uishsd, kv obtainable from any other source. These'
Wks are published on ftae white paper, and beautifully
bvaad.
Any of the sbore work* will be mailed free, oa receipt of
priee. la stamps, ormouey; or the • handsomely
bjflftd volume for oar* boiiaft.. No family should be with
val them* They are Illustrated with beautiful engravings,
ud contain the condensed experience of vears,
Aocnt WuvTEb for the above works, wno can make $l4O
* swath. Send for a circular for agents.
To the young ot both, eexes suffering from secret habits;
Koitratioa of mind; lb« Of power; nervous debility; loss
of tight; wakefulness; luve of solitude; eruptions on the
fccc, 4c* 4c, Said Mart it it too late; before you suffer
incurable damage to both body- and mind.
To females who want safe, pleasant and sure remedies
for Irregularities, Obstructions, Whites, 4c., send to vs.
PREVENTIVE.
We are convinced that there are many parents ofscrofu
la*, eouamptlvS and diseased condition to whom a ua
nidons offspring only brings Buffering and poverty. To
<bch we would say write, and we will send Information of
• *®fe, well-tested, and never-foiling Psxvcrmx.
We will mail free, to any one applying for it,
THE JOCRSAL OF MEDICAL REFORM.
!t :i» Urp> iad beantifal pipn-, and contain. tbe>nxwt
'ilu»Sl»lß»rmation as Spermatorhaa, or Seminal W«t
-?"*• C s U **' e??ct * cure i •bowing tho awful «t
iccti cf the rliioani,
Do all other di»«M of the Sexual Organs, a fall cxplo
&«k»n of the origin of Syphilis, the means of prevention
wi cure. i '
On Consumption, that fearful disease.
<>n the Livar, Uehrt, Stomach and Skin.
Oa Female Complaints.
on the radon* Schools of Medicines.
On the oTTkmftmant now practised.
On the false Treatment of Diseases.
On the various Medical Humbugs.
, on the Physiology of Marriage.
On the Common sense of Medicine.
On Diet, Exorcises, and Ablution,
uow the Physician should be/
How to prevent Pregnancy.
And many other things, gem tor if.
Tui* journal should be in the hands of every one.
Deism, M.D, A. M., Chief Physician. S. S.Morem,
Sargeoa. Dr.J. Boyle,Chemist.
OOcs Id New Ton, 144 Chamber* street.
Office la WOHamstrargh, South Bth and Stfa streets,
will please enclose two or three stamps
hr atom postage, and address
££. A. BEBXEV, S«retary,
Sot.li.'isSil" 0 ' WUUlm,bm ' & - Vcw Voi ' k '
BEAUMAN'S
POCOMEtALIC PAINT,
PQUAL TO BED LEAD AND 75 per
COO degrees heat—warranted
water proof and will neither tale nor wash. For
BOLC£RS A2i 2) PfPW 1 GAS TTOLDPP v
JtJUL MOjU> BRIDGES AA PLASTPP 3 *
pA&USt FENCE 4 WAGO VS
PLUMBERS' JOLXT^
IROJ FOUND£E3 TATlIJiyz
dc. * ■
For grdining and ttaining equal to Turk
ith Umber.
E COLONS ate Cmbcr Brown Lot*, Oliro Indian Bc^a
aSSgSgnsacw
Mtroh 21-to, So. 133 S. KdlaSphia.
COSFECTIOSERT
&YSTER SALOON.
TSfSf CBIBER WOULD IN
™p££ '££&****» «• *SS!Se iSS
.luaiSSjEß SALOON
OTra^toin^ 1 wtkll h * »ui*rt’««pp»mi!
*. C u?2i£ E meat.
fcr »«pwrt tonpply cake*. cudl«, Jtc^
«tooa i.
ir
n k . M(i||er.
jnHjMnM, k raMtbinc *».
° a>rtd *° *«"»». wbe an
S« : •"* *UTtn
'■* A CtAWt, ®M4saftfd ( Slue*.
AND
C W
«MI C
ToM. gTZKT ONE.
M^RI
ESCED NURSE AND FEMALE PHYSICIAN,
presents to the attention of mothers her, *
SOOTHING SYRUP.
FOR CHILDREN TEETHING,
which greatly facilitate, the process of teething, by soften
mg the gums, reducing all influnation, will allav pain and
spasmodic action, and is sure to regulate ihe BoweU
iLmoU&tyU viU pm rattoyourseb «,
tad /fell and Health to ytm infante.
We have put up and sold this article for over ten Tears,
,and can say, in confidence and truth of it, what we hare
never been able to say of any other medicine—never has it
'tailed, in a single instance, to effect a cure, when timely
used. Never did we knowan instance of dlsaatls&cUon by
any one who used it On the contaary, all are- delighted
r*ith its operations, and speuk in terms of highrat common
- datum' of its magical effects and medical virtues. We speak
of this matter “ what we do know,” after ten years* expo
rien.de, and pledge our reputation for the fulfilment of what
we here declare. In almost every instance *rbere the in
fant is suffering from pain and exhaustion, relief will be
found in fifteen or twenty minutes after the syrup is ad
ministered.
Tbla valuable preparation lr the proscription of one of
the most experienced end nkfllful uuneeln New England,
and has been used with nsver-failiiig t access in thousands
of cases.
It not only relieves the child from pain, hut invigorates
the stomach and bowels, corrects acidity, and gives tone
and energy to the whole system. It will almost instantly
relieve Griping in the BoweU and ffiud Coiic, and oVer
como convnleoins, which, if not speedily remedied, end in
death. We believe it the best and surest remedy in the
world, in,Ul cases of Dysentery and Diarrhoea in children,
whether it arises from teething or from any other cause.—
Wo would say to every mother who has a child tahfering
from any of the Ibregoing.complaints— do not let your pre
judices, nor ths prejudices of others, stand between your
suffering child and the relief that will be sure—yes, abeg.
luteiy sure—to follow the nse of this medicine, if timely
used. Pull directions for using will accompany each bot
tle. None genuine unless the lac-simile of CEItTIS A
PERKINS. New York, is on the oatelde wrapper.
Sold by Draggwt* throughout the world, and by Q. W.
Eeesler and A. RouaL, druggist*, Altou&a. Price *25 cent*
per buttle.
MS* Principal Odea, So. 12 Codar' street, N. Y.
July 12, ISOO.-ly. _ i'
WHEELER 8b WILSON’S
| SEWING $
gMMBmESj
- pp
n R. A. O. KERR,
1 ALTOONA, PA.. |?
% Agent for Blair County, »
S.NOSIIM W H3I33HM
These machines are admit
to be the beet ever offered to the public, and their
•nperiority ie satisfactorily established hy the fact that la
the but eight yean,
'* Over 14,000 More
of these Macbioee have been Hold than of any other man
ufkctnred, and more medal, have been awarded the pro
prietors by different Fair, ami Institute, than to any oth
ers- The Machines are warranted to do all that is claimed
for them. They are now lonise in several fantfliei in Al
toona, and In-every case they give entire satisfaction.
The Agent refers those dealring Information as the su
periority of the Machines, to Col. John L. Piper. Rev. A.
B. Clark, George Hawkesworth, BenJ. F. Rose, and E. II
Turner, Esqrs. ,
The machines can ho seen and examined at the store of
tile Agent, at Altoona.
Price of No. 1 Machine, silver plated, glass foot and new
stylo Ilemmcr—sCs. No. S, ornamental bronze, glass foot
and new style Ucmmer—ss3, No. 3, plain, with old style
Ueinmer—sJs. [March Si, 1861-tf.
*35,00
Pays the entire cost for Tuftion in tho most popular and
successful Commercial SchOol in the Conntry. Upward of
twelve hundred young men from twcnty»eight different
StAtc*. have been educated for business here within the
past three yean, some of whom have been employed as
Book Keepers at salaries df>
$2000,00 per Annum,
immediately upon graduating,, who knew nothing of ac
counts wfaea thoy entered .the-College.
149* Minister's eons half price. Students enter at any
titoe. and review when they please, without extra chara?
iror Catalogue pf 84 pages, fipecira» n§ ofTrot Cowley’s
Business and On.omental Penmanship, and a large engra
ving of the. College, inclose twenty-five cents In Postage
Stamps to the Principals, >
JENKINS A SMITH, BJUsbursh, Pa.
Altoona, Jan. 24, *6l-ly.
VALLADE 4 STEWART
WOULD KESPEOTFULLY IN
FORM the public that they have fitted up a neat
PHOTOGRAPHIC GALLERY,
On Caroline £ Virginia £S* n Altoona, Jb. f
where they *re prepared to take the best PHOIOGRAPHS
ever taken in this part of ihe country, and oa. the most
reasonable terms. We make any kind of a-picture from a
SMAU* AMBROXVFE up toUPE-SIZE PHOTOGRAPH,
painted in Oi Z, ‘ Jfbtef Odor or India Ink, khd also the
MINIATURE. Every tyjjo and large sire Oil Painting on
Canvas. SbUrt saiis/actiOn given or uo charge. We have
also on hand a Urge assortment of fine GILT FRAMES of
diffejbnt sizes and prices.
We respectfully Invite the public to call and examine
our specimens before going elsewhere.
V*. Jtemember lit* niece, PfyarCt Building, corner of
Caroline and Tirglaa Street., [April 16,1861,-am
GLEN-ECHO MILLS,
GEEMANTO fT.V; PA
McCALLUM & GO., ■. v
MANOTAOTCRBns,
IMPOETEBB 4 WHOLESALE DEALEES IN
Carpeting, Druggets, Oil Cloths,
/ MATTINGS, &C.
WA&lBODBE, Ko &09 CHEBTKCT BXBERT, (oppoalte
tbeKate Hone*,) PHILADELPHIA. [maril.’ei-ly.
Xaonua T. Ra0aM............ Ctuaixn auwm.
ItEViBUE IiOXJSE,
(LATE £AGI<£ HOTEL,}
Third Street, above Bee, -
PHILADELPHIA.
RXIOAJDS * BAILOB, Proprietors.
TEEMB, SUB PEE DAV. ;
Mafcß 7, lS«-ly
LINCOLN, WOOD ft HICHOIi,
XuTDnetvsaU ass Ikfoktem or
STRAW AND, MILLINERY" GOODS,
Silk Bonnets, lienck FJovezs.
Pauma, J'aim Ltqf, Ltghoni and Straw Mat*,
1 No. 725 Chestnut Street,
AK»T2*'Xci« ititst,
THE ALTOOJNA TRIBUNE.
Ee.B. McCECM, i ELC. ȣES,
rtrßuwma and nop&xsroßs.
Per annum, (payable invariably in advance,) $1,50.
All papers discontinued at the expiration of the time
paid for.
1 insertion 2 do, 8 do.
Pour lines or less $25 $ 3TU ' $ 60
One square, ( 8 Unas) 60 76 1 00
Two “ (Id m ) 100 160 200
Three « (24 « ), 150 200 260
Over three week* and less than three months, 25 cents
per square for each insertion.
3 months. 6 months. 1 year.
Six lines or less .41 50 $8 00 s#oo
Ons $ 50 4 00 7 00
Two “ C 400 000 10 00
Three * v 5 00 8 00 12 00
Four “ 600 10 00 14 00
Half a coluxha 10 00 14 00 20 00
One column.,.!; „ 14 00 25 00 40 00
Administrators and Executory N0tice.......... 175
■Merchants advertising by the year, three squares,
with liberty to change, 10 00
Professional or Business Cards, not exceeding 8
Unas with paper, per year.- 6 00
Communications of a political oharacteror individual in
terest will be charged according to the above rates.
Advertlsemen m not marked with die number of inser
tions desired, will be continued till forbid and charged ac
cording to the above terms."
Business notices five cents per line for every insertion.
47 Obituary notices exceeding ten lines, fifty cents a square
JVmrt Qu JohnUown Tribune.
[Mrs. 0.. whose sons, four; in number, left their homes
with the Johnstown volunteers, to defend their country,
in parting pith them, ouly uttered the words ** Be Brave.”
TV hen mothers Urns their Jewels giro
Upon their country’s shrine,
country cannot cease to live
lier mission is divine.
And, Cambria, such thy matrons are«
And where the coward slave
Would loiter when her virtuous Fair
Bids all her sons—“ Be Brave?”
Ebunsbcho, May 6,1861. R. L. J.
|pstdlaiij).
Chesapeake Bay—lts Bivers and Im
portant Cities.
After making the entrance to the Chesa
peake, Hampton Roads opens to tlyr-fight,
a< broad estuary, with a deep channel a
mile and a half in width in its narrowest
point. Eight miles from the buoy which
marks the entrance to the Roads, on the
north side of the channel, is Old Point
Comfort, otT which is Fortress Monroe,
whose guns command the channel.
This fortress is the largest 'hnd one of
the best constructed in the United States.
It was built likh all the coast forts, for
defence against a foe approaching from
the sea, and is cascmated only on the aide
facing the channel, haying simple wall
masonry only to the landward. Against
an attacking force from that quarter it .will
need protecting out-works. Its walls en
close a parade ground of about seventy
acres, making it ah admirable school for
recently jrecruited regiments. Opposite
the fort, in the channel, distant about a
mile and a third, are the walls of a small
fortification commenced by government,
not finished, called the Rip Raps. Farther
up the Roads, and four nudes in a right
line across westerly from fortress Monroe,
is Caswell’s Point, where the Virginians
have attempted to erect batteries. At this
point to the south, opens Elizabeth chan
nel, the'cntrance to Norfolk harbor. For
tifications at Caswell’s Point, although too
far distants to threaten Fortress Monroe,
would effectually guard this entrance.
Elizabeth channel, from its opening into
Hampton Roads to the city of Norfolk, is
eight miles long, direct in its course, very
deep, and scarcely a quarter of a mile in
width. Craney island lies close to the
channel, on the west side, about three
miles from Norfolk, on which are the re
mains of an old, fort, which-the secessio
nists are rebuilding. Nearer to ths city
bn the other hank of the channel is Fort
Norfolk, also being improved and moun
ted by the Virginians.
The city of Norfolk', located upon an al
most level site, presents but few natural
defences agaiast in attacking force. The
city and Portsmouth lying opposite, can
be approached from several points. Tropps
could be landed from the Hampton or
Lynn Haven roads within seven miles of
the city ; thh approaches being easy and
indefensible. An approach could be made
front London bridge on the south, with
an easy march of ten miles.
Norfolk is important for jte railroad
fs-uaursa
ALTOONA, PA., THURSDAY, JUNE ?, 1861.
txxxi or am
JS'tlfd Ipoctrg.
“BE BRAVE”
44 Be Brave!” the patriot mother'said.
When direful war's alarms
Across Columbia's valleys spread,
And called her sons to arms.
“ Be Brave I”—no more heroic word
The Spartan mother gave,
When at rhermopyle was heard
The din of war—“ Be Brave!”
do forth, ye gallant Volunteers,
Though dangers may be rife,
To fight for all that man reveres.
For !tis your country’s strife,
And Heaven propitious smilee on all
That die their land to save;
A nation mourns you, If you tall;
Then forword.-aud—-Be Brave!”
near your mountain homo
Your serried hosts shall tread,
Or by the wild Potozqac room, j
Near Vernon’s mighty dead;
Or where the sultry Southern sand
The sweet 'Santee shall lave;
At homo—abroad—on sea or land,
Press forward, and—“Be Brave:"
FORTRESS MONROE.
NORFOLK AND THE SUBURBS.
[independent in everything.]
connections; as tie location of a navy
yard, whose dry dock and machine shops
are proving nsefull to "the Virginians, and
as the Chesapeake terminus of the Dismal
Swamp canal through which passes the
commerce of Albemarle and Familico
sounds. Into Hampton Hoads empties
the James river, a large stream affected
by the tide’one hundred miles from its
mouth, at which point the falls and rapids,
with a descent ot one hundred feet in two
miles, effectually block further navigation,
giving at the same time an unlimited wa
ter power. At this point is stituated the
city of Richmond, beautifully built on se
veral elevations, the most noted of which
are Shockhoe and Richmond hills, be
tween which flows Shockhoe creek. The
city is handsomely built, the streets inter
secting at right angles. On Shockhoe hill
are the capitol and other prominent public
buildings, and about them are clustered
the aristocratic mansions of the city. Ves
sels drawing ten feet of water fasten to the
wharf of Richmond, and those drawing
fifteen approach within three miles of the
city. Lines of steamers, before the seces
sion difficulties connected Richmond com
mercially with New York, Philadelphia,
Norfolk and Baltimore. Richmond has
been the great depot of Virginia wheat,,
which its mills have converted into flour.
Five Lines of railroad diverge from
Richmond. One line running due north,
passes Fredricksbnrg on the Rappahan
nock, and terminates at Aquia creek, near
the Potomac. A line running east, termi
nates at Whitehouse; on the York river.
A third line runs due south to Wilming
ton, North Carolina, having indermediate
stations at Petersburg, Va., and Weldon,
N. G. The Richmond and Danville rail
road extends in a southward direction to
the latter town, near the North Carolina
boundrj line, beyond which it is unfinish
ed. The Virginia Central runs nearly west,
being finished as far as Covington, beyond
the Blue Ridge. At Gordansville it forms
a junction with the Orange and Alexan
dria road running northeast," and the
Lynchburg road running southwest. This
city is thus the military as well as the
commercial centre of the State, and a
point of great strategic importance.
From the buoy at the entrance of Hamp
ton Roads to the lightship at the mouth
of York river, the distance is about fifteen
miles. From its source at the junction of
the Pamunky and Mattapony, its deDouch
ment into the Chesapeake, the York river
flows forty piles, being an estuaiy with a
heavy tide/ varying from two to four miles
in- width. It is navigable by the largest
vessels to York.town, and by vessels of se
condary draft to its source. A land spit
separates the mouth of the York river from
Mob Jack bay, which sets inland about
fifteen miles, with eighteen feet of water.
Into this bay empties the Severn, North
and Ware rivers, inconsiderable streams,
navigable a short distance for vessels of
light draft. From the lighthouse at New
Point Comfort to the lighthouse at the en
trance of the Rappahannock, is' twenty
miles. A space of four miles to the south
of the light comprises the entrances to the
Rappahannock and a small bay and river
called the Piankoetank.
The Rappahannock, like the James ri
ver, rises in the mountainous portion of
the State. At one hundred miles from its
mouth, navigation is stopped by falls and
rapids. The river below the falls has the
character of an estuary, being broad and
affected by ,the tides. At the head of tide
water is the city oP Fredericksburg, a
great tobacco depot; lying on the line of
the Richmond and Pontomac Railroad.
Twenty-two miles from the lightship,
moored at the mouth of the Rappahannock,
is the lighthouse at Smith’s Point, guid
ing the entrance to the Potomac.
s Seven miles below Washington lies the
of Alexandria, the most important
town on the Virginia side of the river.
The shores of the Potomac below Wash
ington have "tout a few < slight elevations,
add would be difficult to impede navigation
bf hastily constructed batteries. The
width for the same distance varies from
one and a half to five miles.—Acio York
4 Commercial.
Forbidden Fruit. — M. Noel, a French
agriculturist, speaking of the introduction
of the potato. says:—This vegetable was
viewed by the people with extreme disfa
vor when first introduced, arid many expe
dient* wore adapted to induce them to use
it but without suceess. In vain did Louis
XVI wear its flower in his button hole and
in vain were tubercles distributed among
the farmers; they gave them to their pigs
but would not use them for themselves.' —
At last Farmenticr, the chemist, who well
knew the nutritive properties of the pota
to, and was most anxious to see it in gen
eral use, hit upon the following ingenious
plan: He planted a good breadth of po
tatoes at Sablons,close to Paris, andpaid
great attention to their cultivation; When
the roots were nearly ripe, he put notices
around the field that air persons who stifle
any of the potatoes would be prosecuted
with the utmost rigor of the law, and gait
d' arsnes were employed to watch the field
RAILROADS FROM RICHMOND
YORK RIVER.
THE RAPPAHANNOCK.
day and night, and arrestiall tresspassers.
No sooner wen the roots thus fordid den,
as it were, by authority, (ban all persons
seemed eager to eat them, and in a fort
night, notwithstanding the getu armet,
the whole crop was stolen, and,; without 1
doubt, eaten. The new vegetable having
been found to be excellent food, was soon
after cultivated in every part of the king
dom.
How Secession works.
The ostensible purpose of the Southern
conspirators against the Federal Union is,
the ;better protection of .slave property,
although no reflecting mittd can, for a mo
ment, believe that this is the real object.
How completely such purpose, however,
would be defeated, in case of the actual
and permanent separation Of the North add
South, may be deduced from the following
circumstance, which occurred in] this vi
cinity within the last fortnight:
In one of tho townships of Montgomery
county, within ten miles Of Philadelphia,
resides a prominent and influential citizen,
of unimpeachable probity and high intel
ligence. For more than thirty years he
has taken an active part in the polities of
Pennsylvania, and has been elected to im
portant civil trusts, municipal and legisla
tive. Daring all this tinie, too,] he has
been a consistent Democrat, and an un
wavering friend of the South, battling
manfully for all her vested constitutional
rights. 6*
On a recent Sabbath aiternoon, this
welltried and devoted friend of the South
met, in the immediate vicinity of his resi
dence, a colored man and his wife, both
young and athletic, clad in coarse home
spun, and weary with dust and travel. He
interrogated them as to whence they had
come, when they frankly admitted that
they were fugitive slaves , from the coun
ty of Prince George’s, in Maryland, and
that tho intense war excitement had affor
ded them an opportunity to escape, which
they had gladly embraced.;
“ Was not your master kind to you,"
asked the Montgomery county Democrat.
“ 0, yes; ” responded quo of the fable
strangers, with a tear of gladness starting
to his eye, “ but we thought we bad work
ed for nothing long enough, and, as free
dom is sweet, we took the first chance to
get ours, and God in Heaven be praised,
we have it! But for the par, we-would
still be slaves. Bless God; for the■ war ?
Six months ago the upright and con
scientious Montgomery farmer, as die him
self religiously affirms, would have lost not
a moment’s time in imparting to the Uni
ted States Marshal intelligence pf these
fugitives from labor, and bad them retur
ned to their master. But note, since the
South is engaged in an i unholy crusade
against the Union and the Government,
he could not find it in his heart to do
anything of the sort. Qn the contrary,
he “ took them in ” cared for them hos
pitably, and then seftt them rejoicing on
their way to a farmer close by, where they
would be sure of receiving both work and
wages, and the “ Prince George’s ” Seces
sionist may now whistle for his <c proper
ty.” His two valuable slavW have afforded
him a practical exhibition of the right of
‘•secession” which he, most likely, will
not soon torget. ■ f
And this is tho way, forsooth, in which
Southern demagogues, at the point of the
bayonet, arc “protecting ”• their slave pro
perty ! What infatuation ! Tha most ar
rant Abolitionist in the country is Jir.
ferson Davis. — Pkila. Press.
Parson Browniow’s Daughter.
A gentleman just arrived in Chicago
from Knoxville, Tenn., brings intelligence
of affaira in that city. Hq says that 2,500
Secession troops arc stationed there, for
the express purpose of overawing'the Un
ion men. It is a part of their business to
engage in quarrels in saloons,; and iat,
street fights, with all who are not friendlv
to Secession. Two men -were last week
shot for no other offence thdq speaking
words of loyaky to the Federal Govern-,
ment. The house of the celebrated, bold
hearted, and out spoken Parson Brownlow,
is tbo only one in Knoxville over which
the Stars and Stripes are Abating. A,few
days ago two armed Secessionists went, at
six o’clock in the morning to haul down
the Stars and Stripes. Mp» Brownlow, a
brilliant young lady of twenty-three, saw
them on the piazza, and stepped-ont and
demanded their business.: They’replied
that they had come to “take down them
d—n Stars and Stripes.” * She instantly
drew a revolver from her side, and present
ing it, said: “Go on! Fat good;for one
of yon, and 1 think for both.'*
“By the looks of that girTs bye she’ll
shoot,” one remarked. “I think we’d bet
ter not try it; we’ll go back and get more
men said the other. “Got and get more
men,” said the noble lady! s<ghi more nfon
and come and take it' down, if you dare.”
They returned with a company of ninety
armed men, and demanded that the flag
should be hauled'down;'hut on discover
ing that the honse was filled with gallant
men, armed to thp teeth, who woUldratber
die u dearly as possible
country’s flag dishonored; the Secession
ists retired.
w..,-. ' i. . ,
EDITORS AND PROPRIETORS.
CAVALBT QBAPKAIi
This is a newly invented weapon of'
warfare, and is designed to render earahy
vastly superior tg infantry. It is aa ad
mitted fact, in the science of war, that
infantry formed into a square, or in mass,
and standing firm and unbroken, can de
feat and equal number of cavalry, each
being armed with the ordinary weapons.
This fket has beep fully demonstrated
upon many a well-fought field in the last
half century, the. most notable of which
was the battle of Walodoo,
where the French cavalry repeatedly
charged the squares of English infantry,
and were uniformly repulsed, the squares
standing firm and unbroken., fho firm
stand of the infantry and pniform repulse
of the cavalry were doubtlcsa {he main ’
causes of the defeat of the French at that
celebrated battle, contested botkeon the
best cavalry and iufaniry of any age, and
commanded by the greatest generals of
the world. A man and horse acting as
one, have the strength and speed of several
men. The cavalry grapnel is a new wea
pon, adapted to this superior strength and
speed, and a regiment of horse, armed with
this destructive sw capon, and skilled in
its use, can casely defeat four times their
number of infantry, moving thorn down
like gross before a scythe. This weapon
can also be used' by cavalry against caval
ry, and even infantry could use it against
infantry with great destruction. The grap
nel was invented in one of our Northern
States, and 100,000 have been recently
manufactured for a European Government
for the arming of cavalry. The present
wide spread rebellion in our own country
caused the inventor to offer them to pur
Government. They were submitted to
the proper department, and approved of
and purchased, and it is expected that the
President will shortly call into the service
of the-United Slates 50,000 cavalry, to be ‘
furnished with the grapnel as an additional
arm. Wjtb this destructive weapon thoy
Will be able to eat in pieces and annihilate
200,000 of the host infantry that ever en
tered a field.
Quarreling Over the Spoils.
Secession has not produced a political
miilenium in Virginia. Politicians are
still demagogues, and not patriots, iud
“the spoils” arc sought for as, bitterly as
in the old Union. \Vitnesa the following
from the Richmond Examiner “ But
.while the spirit of the people is as high as
it can be, the complaiut against the Stats
authorities is deep. The most odious and
most abject submissionists of the late po
litical struggle get all the good prizes—
get airthe prizes which decency, necessity
and all this actual safety of the State, would
require to be distributed elsewhere. The
whole machinery .of the war and Govern
ment fella, day after day, more and more
into the hands of men who have utterly
denied the State’s right to secede r and who
have .constantly denounced her present
position. All who have done anything to
create the Southern Confederacy are pro
scribed, tabooed and disfranchised. Wo
hare yet to hear of a single orignal cham
pion'of the south who has : been treated
with common consideration or ordinary
politeness., The men are Southern, the
masters were Northern, till it was profita
ble to-be something else.” ■ s '
rAiuoTisu.—We give the-followiug atpruof
that even the ties ofblood are forgotten in the
ftrrency of (he common devotion to the u<
tionel flag: An aged gentleman—of Jewish
extraction—living In a neighboring city, hat
two eons—one an officer in a Pennsylvania
Regiment, the other ao officer iu the rebel ar
my- The latter wrote to (lie father a Caw <Uye
since, advising him that be hod taken up atom
for the Sooth, and that he proposed to come
north with the command to fgbt the abolition
ists. This was too much for the equanimity
of the parent. He replied to hie disloyal eon
snbetantially ae follows: *•! have bat two
children in the world. One of them bas gone
forth to defend the flag of hie country. You
are fighting against that-flag and conspiring
against the government. I disown Yon. So
traitor ahall bear my name. 1 have bat one
hope left, which is that if my loyal son goes to
battle the first ballet he shall send against the
Jew can tael than, bow mast itbe with the
enemy may pleree yon to the heart! If the
Qentile?
The Blockade.— A Mobile paper apcekt very
gloomly of the blockade, which U just commen
cing in the Gulf porta. It says: “If oar re
wnnoeia destroyed by it,we maatofooarse
resort to direot taxation This will be an anpo
polar measure jnat now." It win hot only tta
on popular, but it will beimfouM* to oolleet a
direct tax in some of the Southern States. They
bite Already substituted shin-plasters tbr ahsffl:
change.—where; then, Is gold and sQrer to come
from to pay a direct tax T
The Montgomery Adeeriuer of the 16th last
aaya that the various aeooanta about bondieda
of letters of marque having been granted by
Ihe War Department of the Southern CcmfM*
eraey, aijd that thousands of applleatioaa am
.Already on file* is a groas error. Appliostioaa
fbr that business are made tit the collector* of
the difhrsal ports end oot tothe'dn******** »»
Motttratfv.' 'Wife 'totf iMNBibML
A number of liilliwlhiabevA been’made**
the eoßaetata” illfanaa, jKOfrle. and
■ 'pth«r Boaters font, ■ ’’“V •
NO. 19.