tn ♦ A NATIONAL PAPER, PUBLISHED WEUNpAYS AND SATURDAYS BY JOHN FENNO, No. 34, NORTH FIFTH-STREET, PHILADELPHIA [No. 117 of Vol. IV.], FOR THE GAZETTE Hints refpetting a projetf for cflablijh ing unto erf at p tact with the Indians. TliE purpo'e of the following observations is not either to criminate or panegyrtfb themeafores of the national government ref petting the Indians; it is to J*£geJl Jome con fJerntions relative to Indian affairs, with views i'.ry d'jfergr.t from those 0/ party. But, as my ibul revolts against the fiavi/h dojftrines that militate agaioft liberal difcufiion. I purpose to express my sentiments in the spirit of free dom ; while I repeat that decorum which is due to t.*!? enlightened mind of America.— And I fhsll fir.ndan lels adverse to the reftraintt ,Jnloa '°.', than fche per fete who traduce the Pr.fu.ent of the United States are -n tender! for the protection of peace on the Ton tier. But in cafe of I.ortilities-on » hew * iU '' the extent of frontier, .he d.ftanc, tack* incident to an Indmn war are amon the cau'cs whch render ,t difficult. or ,mpo( fibie, to completely protect tr.e rights ot the United States by adopting a iyftem merelyde fun-five. Ai.d in fending a regular armi m < the Indian country, vinous dithcultu-s p. sent theinfeh c, as obftac!es to the comple" fureefs of I nch a plan : the natural "Wtacle which impede the maich of a regular arm} throng!) an uncultivated country , tiplied «-ell as tbe expen.eJ Jmifhins the army with the requ.fite plies; the difficulty of ever orertak.ng h« enemy and fighting him on en.a, ' po . 1 ; to surprize ard defeat. An 1 btry exertions of volunteers, howevtr ho. ' C t rh?t 1 &a»is, are of foch a nature as to want that fvftematic arrangement which appears c. . site to the cfbWiflrment o! permanent p • ' 5. Hi atommrnt of ct'tr " • lsn "' - . 1 Indians is an object c.mtfrmplarec. by f«J» the late treaties ; and outfit never to * gotten. Vet this purpofc. i. V***k nuft be flow in its prog reft • Alt.ioug V "ratu-cditmcftbc of eminent at : jy. rl Far?o ft, hc./evf r, may, it * mut-ned, SAf URDAY, JuiY 15.1795. be accelerated meafnre Tyhich i s yet to .hie !'ag s efted. • The pre cedin re marks point to the prin cipal expcdientsrhich have been relied on for keeping the idians in pejee. And taken singly, or in conjnCtion, they do not appear to promise thatjrompt and complete cita blifhment of peat which is 'definable lor the United States, jbefe general remarks argue the difficulty of pcompliftiing this defirabie object ; as well a the propriety of adopting filch further expedients as the importance and the difficulty of tfe o'ojeft may demand. Is there then no other measure which may bs adopted, and tvaich will aid and accelerate the main of tbe arrangement now in operation? Before suggesting a fpecific an swer to this question, 1 will luccindtly men tion fonie generai ideas. To ejlab-ijk unwjai prace with the Indiant f it appears impoi tsjnU that order, government, civilization, fhifhfl taLe place among them. This con fide ration immediately opens into an extecfive field of enquiry. I d& not purpose at this time to Purvey and particular ly delineate the whole ; but limply to point to some of the main obrje&s of attention. I maltonly ftetcirf&metbing of an outline with out even pretending to complete the repre sentations. Persons conversant in compre henfiye views of human affairs mult be sen sible of the variety of particulars that would require attention in minutely investigating the fubjeft ! But, a 1? the present design is to throw out only futile hints for public confide ra tion, the observations will be of a general na ture, omitting a multitude of particulars. Ail opinion has, in lo me tnealurc obtained, Th?.t it is impracticable to civilize the red people on the bord% :s of the United Stater.. But the fmaH effect of* past attempts for this poroofe does not appear to warrant the opini on. The progrWt of mankind from rudeness to iiumanization is wfoaliv flow, much flower than a partial obfcrver.of &ciety would be apt even to imagine. 11 is,' I acknowledge, no easy matter to form a true estimate oi the- space of tvne which, in the general course of events, must elapse, before any people having no connexion wirh the moit civilized of mankind, would emerge from t'.ie rudeness ot lavage life and advance to tfhe civilization, the arts and humanities of poliflied focietr. Perhaps the ffacc of a thoujand years is considerably ftoi t ot the truth. Let a person consider the rude ness of nations on the continent of Europe iO L.te as the fifteenth century, and even late: — then recur to the accounts to be found rela tive to the fame nations in the writings of Tacitus, or Caesar ; and further consider the length of time whichthofe nations must have existed, at the periods to which these writers refer ! This view of .only a part ot mankind may abundantly evince the very flow, and al mo'ft imperceptible progress of the human nice from savage rudeness to civilized con ditions. It also appears credible, that tfcis progress in its earlier rtages is much less pei ceptiole than in its periods. ' And there is one general consideration whicj applies very univeifally to the progress oi ci vilization As far as my recolletfbon now extends, kijlory has not recorded anx people th«t ever mere cii Hi zed without the wtcnention vj milita ry Jab or.dilation. (To be continued.) FROM THL COLUMBIAN CkNTINEL AT*. Rwsseij., i THE Citizens whose names appeared in t.ie letter pu'olifhed in your paper of Wed nefdaylaft, from the Ambaflador of France, to the French Citizens in this place, do not think themfclves itititled to futb particular notice for aiiy trifling afliftance th»v may have lent to the unfortunate French teamen, who escaped from Miqutlon, and landed here. Be fides, it ought to be known, that the small amount that was collected for the re lict'of thele ditlrefled men, was aided equally bv the contribution of a number ot other Ci tizens of the town, whose feelings are warm ly interested for the success of the FrJ.ich Re volution, and who embraced with avidity an opportunity that would evicce their sincere anil grateful attachment to the patriot citi z»nsof that great and generous nation, "'"'h had the courage to afford and relief to America in the hour of her affliction and diftreis—and there is row f.ifficient evidence to believe, that had it only been hinted to the Citizens of the town, that their aid to the contribution would have been neceffary,nine teen, intwentv, would have f/.zed upon tne occasion, to Save m*nifcfted their fr.endth.p and atfertion to the children of the only true and faithful friend of the United State*. (jazettii 6th injt.J Bofan 3- 1 793- 3EUTRALITY. Otm r««"l »in 1,1 cl,nl " " nforl Arid fail* *•'" rock ,he world • O how f r>rate!y crrft, the wretch who tries To wrettfrdi commerce fucfc a glorious pri*. 4 6 -3 FROM THE WESTERS STAR, PuHiJhei at Stockb ridge (Mass.) by L. Andrews. IT has been justly observed, that the terms " Liberty and Equality" have been-fla- grandly perverted, by the conftruftion given to them by some who make great pretentions to pat riot Km and political sagacity -—Liberty gives the privilege of enjoying in peace and security the fruits of indnftry—it opens, wide the do«>r to honorary preferment, to those who purfu? the paths of integrity and politi cal rectitude—it favors the diflfemination of that knowledge which enables the community ta diftingui!h between real and pretended me- rit, and which dire well, and perhaps better, than anv other.—A(k i'onie of this class for a definition of their favorite word, and they will be as likely to tell you it means one thing as another —but the definitiou is of no con sequence Anjlocracy is the raiding Jour J, th; he niori of the party, and that is fuffi (ien» Those who, through honest ignorance, allien to themselves the part of prejudicing mind agiinft such whole pol.tical opinions are as confiflent as theii own, claim the indulgence of pity—while some who, from less honest motives, employ their time to an swer similar ends, deserve, in some instances, the severest cenl'ure, in others, contempt. That the mill of ignorance, which has so long darkened and overspread the greatest part of the habitable globe, may speedily va oilh before the bright rays of the fun of free dom, and the whole human race participatc in the rich hleflings of equal liberty, law and justice, must be the fervent desire of every | philanthropic heart. [Whole No. 439-] FOR THE GAZETTE. FRANCE, the rival time immemorial of Great-Britain, had in the course of the »4r, which ended in ] 763, fuffei cd from the fuccersful arms of the latter the severest loT fes and the molt mortifying defeats. Britain from that moment had acquired an alcend ant over France in the affairs of Europe, and in the commerce of the world, too decided to be endured without impatience, or without an eager oefire of finding a favorable oppor tunity to destroy it, and repair the breach which had been made in the national glory. The animosity of wounded pride conspired with calculations of the interest of the State to give a keen edge to that impatience and to that desire. The American Revolution offered the oc cafidn. 11 attra&ed early the notice of France, though with ext»eme circumfpe&ion. As far as countenance and aid may be prcfumed to have been given prior to the epoch of the ac knowledgment of our independence, it will be no unkind derogation to aflert, that they were mark neither with libera!fV, nor with vigour ; that they wo»e the appearance rather of a desire to keep alive difturb.-rnces, which would embarfafs a rival power, than of a serious design to aiSft a revolution, or a serious expectation that it would l»e effected. The victories of Saratoga, the capture of an army, which went a great way towards deciding the ilfue of the contest, decided a-lfo the hesitations of France. They established i:i the government of that country n confi dence in our ability to accompli Hi our pur pose ; and as a consequence of it produced the treaties of alliance and commerce. It is Impossible to fte iu all this any thing more than t'J.e csrtduft cfa rivalnation, em. 'b'racing-a fltnft proraifing opportunity to re press the- pride ,ancf diminifli the power iif its riv'^l;