■ " ' 'I, ' V ' JI-JJ —LX- ■■■!. ■- ■ ■' ■ ■ ■ I ILI 11. ■ , ,
A NAfiONAL PAPER, PUBLISHED WEDNESDAYS AND SATUJtOA
[No. 118 of Vol. IV.]
m* THE GAtZTtt.
Hint) reffefling a projetf for tfiablijb
ing univirfaipeace with the Indians.
IjCtllCifllHD,]
• I 'HE firft public magiflrates, known among
A rude nations, are their military leaders.
Their firft public laws iremilituryoriers- Their
firft ideas of regular government are thole of
military JifcifJirir. Their firft ideas of national
character, and natiortal'nrtion, arise from na
tional exigencies that re&r to war or hunt
ing. The idea# of siting in concert, the ties
of public unitm, are firft fell; and .recognized
by them during the operations of war, or the
kindred employments of the chafe. Their
firft sensibility to public opiniort and honor, is
iinpreffed by such scenes—-and, in liich scenes
they acquire their fii ft ideas of public cha
racter, of order, government, fuborcftiiation,
regularity. Survey the biftory of theunivrie !
Is there a (ing'e nation that ever became ci
vilized before they were habituated to a f\Jlem
of military order t The feudal system, which is
the basis of European government, »>d of
which strong refemblauces have obtained in
Asia, was clearly of a military nature ; al
though the pay of the troops, instead of being
pecuniary, was territorial : Fob- it was a
fundamental principle of the feudal tenure,
that the Stipendiary property allowed the feu
datory, (hould be enjoyed by him, in consi
deration of his conforming to the orders of
his fuperlor officer and performing the fervi
ccs commanded by his military chief, or head
warrior.
The red people who border on the United
Stare-., have not however, been as yet habitu
fted to a regular fy/lem of military fubordi.
to; ion.—Although in the space of the lalt for
tjr, or even twenty years, they appear to have
made a perceptible advance towards such a
fyfrern. Among other confident tion-s, the de
gree of regularity with which they planned
«nd executed their operations in 1791, ar
jgass, that they are advancing from the state
of savages to that of barbarians ; and that,
»5 fitch, the Indians are 0 more formidable
enemy than tl:*y were bef-re the American
revolution
«d of property, union, order, and
resource, -is to maintain of themselves a re
gular (vlfeirt of military Subordination. Yet,
fike barbarians, the red people are diftihguifll
ed by Com- of tho e strong traits of character
vhich marked the eaiflier stages of the feudal
pulicv—Such are the aversion to labor; con
tempt of the mechanical and commercial arts
—the pi oneness to plunde l —and the passion
ilir war and warlike exercises and sports.
These traits ftrongfv mark the character of
the Indian warrior. They present his ruling
pafllon. And by this paffioji, it is projected to
feizs him—and r cJt him to his own interest,
to tlie tru? interest of his tribe, and to the
irltereft df riie United States.
Govlrt his pafllon far war be so converted
at tti be made the inftrmnent of' peace and
fiv-ilizatkr , the impottwlt point would be
gained, lirftead therefor# of giving prefenti
t» an Indian warrior, let hi in be allowed pay !
inlte'ad of being urgett to labour, let him
Inow that he may omit it ! Let him alio be
induced in his contempt of tire median cal
»md commercial arts, unfil time fh ■ H have
ejirre&ed his prejudices S let a main incen
tive to plunder be tiken away, by allowing
&;n a regular arid cumtfrrtatlle lublifteiue !
And-inftead of telling him to abandon the
ihi aiter of s» warrior, arid thus at once to
•radiejtir the strongest passion of his sous, tfW
bim that ho fttall be a more formidable war
rior tlian can b» found in any of 'he t'ibes
that are at variance with his own ! tell him
tint lie fliall be a re ular warrior ! tell him
to be a good soldier !
The |>r«>je& thrr«fore tvKWrfs suggested is
in substance, That the United States ffmuld
engage in fervire and maintain a body of red
troop*, allowing t' em Arch pay and emolu
ments as rtiifitary principles may require.—
That a proper port on of their officers, el
pec i ally of the higher grades, fliould be Ame
rican citizens, as affording afecurity for tlieir
conforming to the authority of the Union:—
That these troops ftiouid not exceed a cer
tain proportion, fay one half, of the whole
military eftablifhriient of United States,
f<> that the reft of the forces, being- white
froops, miftht with other c?ues, .completely
fee ire the obedience of the Indians ! Ar.d al
though it might at si ft be somewhat difficult
to m.ike them conform to the n inutix of
•wJkafy arrangement, yet it is imagined,
that they might he gradua'ly hnb'tnatrd to a
difciplinc which should be liberal, yet eventu
ally exact, nervotn, fo!id.
Could this measure be earned into full ef
fect, it might undoubtedly be attended with
important eotifequences.
The red troops might serve in lfeu of the
fame number of white men : and it? is pre
fumed,that t<)« expence of maintaining; them
need not ntnch exceed, if even equal* the ex-
P- ce of maintaining a like number on il»e
present eft ah lift* me rt. For the purpc es of
tbe jiarrtifan war,the fervicrs ct the red Jijer,t*
Wednesday, July 17. 1793.
co-operation with the more regular force of
the white troops, might alio be of material
advantage. And the suggested project, if
completely executed would operate at least,
in a duplicate ratio againlt Indian hostilities :
It would not only fjarnifh men for the ser
vice, without taking the citizens from the
productive occupations of peace; but it would
alio prevent the tribes to which the red iroops
belonged, from making war againfi the inion
—since their warriors would be in the United
States service. Artd further, this meifure
would tend to liecure a compliance with irea
tieson the part of" the Indians; would i,\<ro
diiC2 jniotig them habits of fubordmatioi and
gbvernment—and would thus facilitate the
advancement of regular industry, the ad
vancement of the agricultural, mecharical
and commeicial arts ; hereby accelerating
ilieprogrefs of civilization, and moral ini
provement.
The peace of a tribe or nation, being fe.
cured bv means of military regularity, the
Indians might be advised to aflomble andde
liberate on their own affair*. Different towns
might be pirftiadfd to consult together for
their common interest, and to cxttrd their
views beyond such objeAs as principally occu
py their attention ir> the councils already
known among the Indian;. They might be
gradually taught to elect persons who (hould
reprelent them in fncli confnltations. And
they might be told, that the young men might
not to determine on any measure that con
cerned the nation without the concurrence of
the old men. Thus they might eventually
be habituated to the art of legiflntion ; and to
the institution of a public council, consisting
of Reprefenrarives poifeflirg the ardour of
youth, and of Senators diltinguifhed by ma
turer age and capacity.
The extensive views of civilized society
now begin to open upon the mind. Ard we
might'look forward to the mode of adminis
tering justice ; the eventual establishment of
a regular fyftfcm of civil government; and
the introduction of education ard science
the prevalence of government, lasvs, liberty,
industry and the arts of peace among the In
dians 1
civilizing and humanizing the ruder part of
mankind, mi "ht be ascertained with a preci
cion, and carried to a degree of perfection, of
which hfjlory can Jvrvi/h no example. For it is
ftiggefted, that the United States should lay
the basis of a Jyjtem for civi/izhig the whole con
tinent aj America. Simple in principle, seizing
the rude warrior by his ruling paflion, this
proj.'ft propoies to conduCt him bv the inftru
inentality of this pafllon from a state of fero
city, to a flare of liberal government, moral
order, industry, humanity, peace.
To tb>s project, there may, I know, be op
posed one general obje&ion which will per
haps comprehend the mass of objections that
might be urged in the detail! It may be ob
jected, that the project is new, bold, exten
live. But was there ever any improvement
that was not new ? Is cowardice, ill the most
favorable view,any thing but a negative qua
lity, th it does no good, and prevents improve
ment ? And.at the word is not coward'ee in
literature, science or politics, as well as in
war, a rascally quality, that is tatal to the ac
c'omfiTimnient of any thingdifficu.lt and ulefuli
Has rot the idea of reforming criminal; and
making them nfeful members of society been
dec'ied by cowardice, as being the mad pro
ject of visionaries, until the American mag
nanimity dar;d to prove its propriety by car
rying it into rffe«st > And is not the conltitu
tion of the United States one of thi newest,
boldest, fublimeft projeifts ever executed by
mar ? And has any man of sense ever conft
dered it as a dofeft in some of the most emi
nent chara&ers in America, that they were
diftinguifted by daring ai d enlarged views, as
well as by accurate maturity of judgment ?
If a measure be in principle u(efui,and
friendly to humanity, its novelty, boldness,
and extent, are considerations that ftiouid re
commend it to the true American. And it
is worthy the American glory, by theireXam
ple, to teach mankind, rot only the art ot
faming republican goyernniei ts and thus
ftrving liberal order among themselves, bpt
also the art of civilizing and humanizing C'.-e
whole work) ALFRED-
tuR THF GAZtit£.
To J U B A.
[5« Xaiitnul Gtzclle ef Wcdnrflay
Tlxt. .irigi.i of declaimcrs and remor.ftrator*
,» <>( vcr> annquuv. If )0» will have
rrterc i.er 10 j,. eld book, li< Id ui great ieniratian
by kdi an«it<>:», and which for that very reason
hat ben dtuouneed bv some mortem patriot.,as
contain.ariHocratiral wiir find
that Balaam'* Alt it the BrU remuoflraier upon
record! , .
It would have been fortunate V*
ritiiemof the United Slate*, if the nuTie.nu*
fucccffors of rtut flngOlat orator Ifa* pCfffßea
the philanthropy and taciittrnuy of th«»r lonp
eared —lor it u said, tk* Balaam I
Ast tn*dt btit ooe fpeecfc tn the coorla of hti
469
sBY JOHN FENNO, No. 34, NOP rfj F!FT:ISTR£.ET, PHILADELPHIA.
and that for theavowed purpose r»{ prevcnf
ing £he effufioo of blood—whereas you, Tuba,
mid your immaculate coadjutors, ate hraying
from morning till night, in order to involve
this naj*py country in all the horrors infepar able
from a state of warfare.
You act. •• why our executive was so paflive
wh<;n the brig Little Sarah was arming heie, aJ
iho'a British bottom, and why all this bustle
fm<je the change of property ?" I answer, that
is not the least similitude between the two
cases. In the firft inilance it is well known,
that the President bad no knowledge of the tranf
wfen : and betides, that the vessel in queihon
* merchantman, deeply loaded with Ame
rican p- odtice, and had no commiftion or irtifi
of marque—whereas in her prefem state, it is
equally line, that (he is equipped not only to
cru»ze agpinft the Bntift*, but against other
poiv crs with whom we have been always 3t 1
peace. Do you really imngtne, Sir, that we
hav t so soon forgot, that we are more or let's
linger obligations to all the continental powers
'n i.urope? The assertion, perhaps, may be
new *o many l —but the womter will ctafe when
V*' ••• .•••">, th-it during our itr" » r librwy,
af^- V r\ Vit \ f ana rf.-n
it .. some of (hem we received pecuniary aifift
itncc— W'.f tiefs the loam- made to us by Spain
Holland. Are we tfjen wantonly and
tfcachermifly to relinquish the reputation which
have so honorably acquired amotif t\\c na
tions of the ea»th, in order to gratify you and
your fiction ? I tiuft that your difap.pointmcnt
Will be equal to the wickeduefs of your at
tempts.
Republican governments arc not new in the
Jcftory of mankind, and if they are-fo obnoxi
f>u* to kings, as to induce them to undertake
C r o<adcs,f*r fhc sole obje£l of extirpating them,
iOw happens it that there was no combination
&f despots 3gainft us, when it would have been
ft cafy to have crufht d u< to atoms ? If you arc
at a lof.s for t"he true cause*, I will tell yon. It
Whs because there was nothing unreasonable in
operating from a country, who hid denned us a
ftorticspatiort of rhc rights common to all the
empire. Tt was because our local situation
pointed to.ihc eHjVdicney of independence—lt
Was bccaufe we icjeficd with horror the tde»of
miaki nsf pmlelvtes to politic*! opinions by fire
kbrt fwoid. And further, it wa» because we
o.irCrUj?' with Ow nragtnmimiiy,
frA>dcration a-ini virtue, as wo«Hd, if imiiatcd fey
tfeofe who really wish for fibeity, iwfurc success
to their efforts.
Your address to the militia of Philadelphia, is
an insult to their understandings. I have the
pleasure of being acquainted with a number of
that refpe&able body of citizens, and can there
fore aflufe you, that thev know well how to
discriminate between what is ihe cause of
France, and what is the caws e of a lev/ (rlfith
individuals, who, in open violation of tlie laws
of the United States, are embarked in the djf.
graceful business of fitting out privateers, which
, --«os
rled, can
pirates. The virtuous yeomanry 6r l ffm¥WA
are equally proof to your seditious doflrines.
If this meritorious class of citizens submitted
with patience to the evils resulting from the late
lengthy but just war, it doe# not follow thai they
are prepared in the present instance to join in
provoking a rupture with all the maritime pow
ers in Europe, in order to fell their wheat to
Ju*a -and his affocialcs, at eighteen pence per
buihel, and take any kind »f plunder in pay.
mc nt, at a thousand p< r cen« advance !! !—Nav
1 g'i further and fay,, that the enlightened
people of this country ore not so weary ot the
incftimable privilege of chufing their own riu
Irrs, as to relinquish it fcirCommiJfioncrs, Minijlers
Plenipotentiary, Agentj ad hoc. Secretaries pro temp,
&c. Sec. armed with revolutionary powers to
convert us into an Bs'h department, by the fame
gentle means as were employed in Brabant, or
fend us oh bdird of prison (hips, in cafe of rc
fiftance to their fovrreign will. This kind of
•fovtfrhment, however it may suit Juba and his
friends, is not calculated as yet for ihd meridian
of /heUnfiled States.
Y6U (ell us »rt)otig otheT tferngs, that the brig
bit le Sarah brioflgs wholly to t and was fitted
out the ex-fence of tht republic of Fiance.
There is much re»fon to doubt the truth of this
amnion, becanfe it is well known that fhc was
purchafrd at auction by a private pcrfou—and
even adtfituing «he fa& as ftaiefi, yet it docs not
follow from thence, that the republic can claim
any right from treaties to arm veflels i» our
ports. TVe observation, that the agents or re
presentatives of popular governments pottefs
more integrity than those of m:xed or abfoluie
Onej, can only be true when ihe great body of
the ~eopie ihemfelvra are vtrfcous. but to fup
pole thai hone ft men -ire only to be iound in
republics, is an idea as illiberal ?» falfe. There
are individuals in all nations who do honor lo
human naturr—-»aria who, if ) fubitirt
ly to the arbitrary mandates of one man, hjve
been piobably forced to do it, in order to avoid
the greater cv»l> of bring plundered and mafTi
cred by charaftcrs of your dtCcripiion. Thi# I
take to have b«en ibe origin of all monarchies.
To conclude, I »>n clearly of opinion that
the time is fall approa< htng, when all men who
are well wilhers in peace, *I.' men whohaYe
property, and indeed all men who are nm hof
lile'io tht true imcreil of iheir country, will be
called upon to deda>e, whether th. y will sup
port a government o» 'heir owu or sub
mit to a new order of ihina-. fun cd ui>oo theirv
by Jv%±, VaaxiA«, » Jacoain, jmtr B*.m
y_c<wianj
or man.
[Whole No. 440.]
■ t*» urtar4>»ftwAn|it.*s «ite
lb«S: UNn
? MfcirEU.US.
«« Hf GAUnk.
JtktjkKCt jfc M Iff principal lAfrif qu/Hd
f«r Ae Tmt 'liin' « Th« Jfc.
fernery (nftjrtwa tot tht tfniv
\\ rHF.REAS it bath been a fubjcA of equlj*
pkint, uM the embryo projte£b of man?
nieritoricwua «eniufes are daily ioft to poftrnty,
for the of that foileritig care so nreeflfnry
to embolden the umid. And experience feachea
that numbers art found incapable of co«du£ling
or unde: ftariJing tbeir owuimmediate conccrtit,
lnd> otlitff» who through choice decline taking
ptrt in any a&ivc occupation. For remedy
*he focieiv offer ifaeir !•*{< oerfort*
laWring under these and firr.ilai crabarraff
meiKs.
fl
As a. v. a t ion, thf inem&rrs
•re to rettgn tnetf irmporaj nitrreiH without
r farye to the gquiaiue of the focietv ; »nd none
ftiall retain anycxclulive rigftt over his personal
property or inclination v to (he end tbf?r t*ta
fame may be in afl rcfoc&s a common ftocJt.
in.
Admiflion » I new member?, »nifV appointment
of officers, Ihall be deter mined by a, majority
of votes ; and in the latter in fiance, without too
tigid a partiality to talents, orftvoi to popular -
»nrn.; ah thefocirty (Hull infallibly become pwf-
I fled of an luud of inielUftual trca
fure, to an{we/t all purpofVsand circumftancts.
Ntvcrflit/ejs, Thii. clause (hall not extend
thole memhe*s who ate of thecommitiqe of ea
ter prices.
TV,
And where us a very ltiduftrious, of ct'ti-
W-MS, commonly known by thr app< 1 iatiou r>f
" the Dreamers/ 1 ipvc i>eett hitherto ne'glc&ed
and difcouragrd. For remedy wlieieof, (here
ftiall he a department <ffobVifitcd, which ftifcH
he denominated *' the Dreaming D fbfitMinf—
whose province it (hall be to feleA the most im
ponam dreaini and interesting vtfioos which
dull fee c*mmtu»rc fc v tte member*, and
<*her ssgmmus peifona flwiietJ aswi exp<«
»n the sit Qf dreaming ;to the end that Juch
communications may be made conducive to tb<i
formation ol plans lor ufeful
v '-
Etjjhty.four members flv.fl be clefVd t>y F>al
lot, quarterly, who (ball be d?stnmina»cd the
Committer of f.nUifrifa"— To them (hall (re com.
roitted the execution of ail arduous and hazard*
ous undertakings. No nifmber (hit) iSr of rhis
committee, exccpt he hath alreariv
btmfelf in ftngle combat, honorsriiiy killed his
man at least, or performed fom: adiun ihani
ftfltng hi& couragt aur] genius (Of arms.
VII.
rally to be made cohs
/ ——
of politics, by means of an extenfifrtr^^
deuce with foreign agents, and (imilar
which undoubtedly will fpreari he»e*f<er info
all civilized countries. Thij arrangemenr rs 4jt
figned to facilitate a principle Objcttof the insti
tution; which is to piojc# new fyftcms, or
amend those thai are decayed: for tottering
narrhirs, declining empires, ot deranged vt
pubWei.
The society flwH public the political,
or lamentable fiuiatton (at th. cafe may be) of
the feveial dates of bath bemifphercs ; whether
under the denomination of monarchies,empires,
rt public*, dukedoms, palatinates, or ele<6Wa*W v
&c. &c. in order that the chizens, fubjc&s or
{lives (as the oafe may br) may underltand how
far they ought to be fati»fi< d with their anckrtfc
ellablifhincnts, or whether a reiorm ought to be
preferred.
There are many other regufatioos which 31c
not necessary to be inferied here, as they contain
only the ordinary rulci for the prcfcrvation of
order, times of rccefa, Bic.Stc.
*** The Printer! are refue/led to git* the tUovt
a place in their refpc&ive papers.
FOR THE GAZLTTL.
[Contlufien i/Pacimcus, No. $,from our lajt.J
BUT Louis XVI. it is said, acted from rea
foosof State without regard to ou'caufi!;
white the people of France paTronised it with
«al and attachment
A-.-far as the slfertion, with regard to the
monarch in founded and is an obje&ioo to our
gratitude to him, it deftoys the whole fabric
of gratitude to France : For our gratitude ii
and must be relative to the fervicet rendered
us- The nation can only fclaim It on the
(core of their having been rendered by their
agent tmth their meant. If the views with which
he rendered them di vetted them of that merit
which ought to inspire gratitude—none if
dne. Tlie nation no more than their agent
can claim if.
As to the. individual good wiflletf <flf the chi
•em <?l France, »tl)ef did not pr«iuce th?
ferviee* rendered to A* as • nation, tVy titn be
ao Awadation tar MCMMf gratitaAe. Tke^qa
<
{r»tcbf» Wf (tens.
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