A NATIONAL PAPER, PUBLISHED WE [No. of Vol. IV.] LAWS OF THE UNION. Of" HE UNITED STATES, AT THE SECOND SESSION, Begun and held at the City of Philadelphia, in the State of Pennsylvania, on Monday the'fifth as November, one thousand seven hundsed and ninety-two. AN ACT to afcerjain the fees in Ad miralty proceedings in the Dif trjft Courts of the UnWcd States, aftd for othei* ptrrpoFes. BE it en ifS'id by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States ot America, in Cong ess assembled, That from and after the firft day of May next, ™ ere ftiall not be taxed or adjudged to any officer or other person, any greater or other tee or reward, for, or in refpeft of any service to be do:ie sr performed, in any of the d:ftriftcourts of' e United States, in cases oi admiralty or mar time ju- ifdittion, than such as is herein fpecrfi?d i that is to .av : fee, ot the Cmxf ilor or Attorney in the diftta cowt, in Adini-uh* ani maritime proceedings. _ J' ,e stated fee !'o'd'awing and exhibiting 11>, -1 -ct in and dtjftver in each caul'e, three io'kif-t ' Dts v 'nt-rr9garoi- : es, three dollars; other j„ a: ,y one -ttlree dollars. F-uj v/ tiie detk tj the diflriflwurt, in admiralty and maritime caujes. fbt flhaving every stipulation, process, mo aition oi* for each sheet containing ninety \votd and a quarter per cer.t. upon the excess. DAYS AND SATURDAYS BY JOHN FENNO, No. 34, NORTH F1 FT HST Rh.i. /, PHlt ABfcLVHIA Saturday, May i i, 1795. And be it further enacted, Th*t there be al lowed and taxetl in the fuprertie, circuit tad dfftrift courts of* the Uni'ed Stares, in favor of the parties obtaining judgments therein, such compensation for their travel and at tendance, and for attornies and counsellors fee?, except in the diftrift courts in cases of admiralty and maritimejurifdi&ion, as are Al lowed in the fupieme or superior courts of the refpec'tive States. Afrdbe it further That this lh.ill continue and be in force for the term of one year, and from thence until the end of the next session of Congtefs thereafter, And no longer. JONATHAN TRUMBULL, Speker of the Hokje of Rtprtftntatives. JOHN ADAMS, Vtce-frefident oj the United States, and Prefidtntvf the Senate. APPROVED MARCH 1, >793' GEO. WASHINGTON, Trefiient of the United Slates. AN ACT to authorize the adjust ment of a claim of Tofeph Heii derfon against the United States BE it ena&cd by ttm Senate and House ot • Reprefentativ>fts of the United States df America in Corrgrefs affeinbled;, That there be allowed to Joleph Henderfon, a yeatrfy Sa lary of one hundred dollars, for his service.. as paymaster to the Navy-Board for the eastern department, frorfl the tenth day of Aupuft, tone thousand seven hundred and ferenty eight, to the tenth day of Aitguft one rhohfaiid ft ven hundred and eighty-two, being 4(nrr years; and that the officers of the Treasury be au thorised to pass the fame to his ciedit, and to fettle brs account accordingly. JONATHAN TRUMBULL, 'Spiihr t>j the Hottfcof Reprtfintativis. JOHN ADAMS* Vitc Prcfidcnt of the United Stairs, ar.d Prtjident oj the Senate. AVFROVED, FEBRUARY 22, 1703. GEO. WASHINGTON, PrcJiSentofthe United States. AN ACT to authorize the Comp troller of the Treasury to fettle the account of Thomas Wifhart, late a Lieutenant in the army of Itates. BE it enacted by the Senate and House at Representatives of the United States of America in Congress That the Comptroller of the Treasury be, and is here by authorized to adjust and fettli thi account of Thomas Wllhart, late a lieutenant in the arijiy of the United States, and to allow him, in add tion to the pay, to which he may be en titled as an officer deranged under the acts of Congress hf the year one ihoufard seven hun dred and (evenly eight, the pay of a lieute nant, from the I Jth day of October, one thousand ftven hundred and eighty, to the fifteenth day of October, dpe thoullind seven hundred and eighty one. JONATHANTRUMBULL, Sft/rier of the House of Rtpnjcntatmcs. JOHN ADAMS, Vice-Prefidtnt oj the United Stales, and President oftheScnate. •APPROVED FEB RUA R Y 22. 1793" GEO. WASHINGTON, President of the United Mites. AN ACT in addition to, and altera tion of the act, entitled, " An a<£l to extend the time limited fo.r fettling the accounts of the Uni ted States with the individual States. BE it enacted by the Senate and House of RipreTentatives of the United States of America iti Congress aflemblcd, That the se cond feftion of the aist, entitled, "An ast to extend the time limited for fettling the .ac counts of the United Stales with the indivi dual States," which extended the powers of the board of to the settlement of the accounts betweeji the United States and the State of VermoAt, be ltd hereby is repealed. And be it further enacted, That the board of commiflioners eftablilhed to fettle the ac counts between the United States and the in dividual States, in apportioning the aggre gate of all the balances due to each State, be tween the States, agreeably to the ad, enti tled, " Art ast to provide more effectually for the settlement »f the accounts between tlie United States and the individual States," lhall have no regard tothe State of Vermont. And be it fortbter finafled, That in the ap portioning of the balances aforefaid, the State of Kentucky IhaH be deemed to be incloded in the State of Virginia, the 3dmifiion of the faiil State of Kentucky as a member of the Union notwithstanding. JON AT HAN TRUMBUI.L, Speaker of the House of Refrtfentatives. JOHN ADAMS, fne-Prefident of the United States, and Prejident oj the Senate. ATP* OV ID FEBRUARY 47, 1793. GEO. WASHINGTON, frrfdent oj the tfnitei States. 393 FJtO&t TUB COLUMBIAN CINTIKEL. Mr. Russell, THE following Stanzas were lately compofrd at Cambridge, and inferibed to a gentleman in that town, whose taste isfo pleasingly exhibited inhtyrlegant Seat; and of which a recent dis play reflects no less honor on his generality. A beautiful current, which his Fi(h-Pond difcharg «d, had long flowed unnoticed, through a low groujid to the banks of the Ch afc l f.s. On one fide ps this rivulet, he raised a gravel.walk, pre pared a receptable for a larger stream, fbaded it with willows, and terminated the Mail with an arch, through which the water is emitted, by a g«nlle and transparent cascade. This modern iyccufn has enrolled tbe daughters of beauty in the academy of Peripatetics ; and the Mujes, who warbled on the banks of JHjfus, have consecrated it with their lyres, to Apollo and Kygeia ; " White The 1 Willow* waves all its green boughs to ihtir forig." Sheridan. STANZAS To BRATTLE. ■XTRITTMS IN JOKI, t75». HERE'ER the vernal bowe*-, tbe autum nalfield, , Tbe 'fummer -arbour and the winter fir.e; Where'er tbe charms, which all thefeafons yield, Or, Nature's gay museum can inspire ; Delight the bofoiti, or tbe fancy please, Or, &fe exalt above a splendid Hreaiti; There, Bk atti e's fame (ball freight the grate ful breeze. Each £rcve refdund it, and reflect each stream. Each that waves o'er brown I*6mon a's plains. Each bud, that Woffoms ift the ambrosial bower, Nurs'd by this.great Imp.hover's art., obtains A nobler girmin, and a fairer Jtower. The rural vale a kind asylum gave, When peace the feats of ermin'd woe forfook ; found an Athens in a Cdii'tr. And man grew social with the bfcblrftg broolc* Here, happy Brattle, in thy lov'd recess, *Twas thine the f>btloTbphic gtove to tract; And, viewing N-atore in a gay ukdrefiy With Art's fl'ght veil embelli(h every grace. The airv hriN-top and the Dr\d>Z's. bowe>, No more (hall tempt out fpomve nymphs to rove ; Thy WlHow-jfidae {ball woo the social hour, And fhiar#iVfc Mall fdrpafs ARC adVa's griv*. Fair FrieitdJliif, lovely virgin, here rcfort! Here with thy chaTms the joy-wing'd nidrti 1 beguile ; , ,• Thy eyss clisten utterance to THOUGHT, Atld learn the cheek of hopeless glooiii tb smile. Here too, at eve (hall choirs of damsels pafe» Yield a foft fplrndor to Diana's beam, Gaze at the image in the watery glass, And blush new beauty to the flattening Ttream ! While the pleas'd Nai ad, watching their return, As oft at morn her sportive limbs (he laves, Hetrs their lov'd voice, and leaning on her«irn, Stops the smooth current of her silver waves. Here, mingling with the fair, the classic Beau, Sha-11 quit his Euclid and hi* evening oil, To si Jofot" a compliment, u project" a bow, Or, " eafculaW' the " edlipfes" of a smile. Here too,(hall Harvard's more ennobled sons, In whom theveftal " fiies of genius glow,*" Stand musing, as the chryflal mirror runs, While FMrtcv copies its pellucid flow. And here, when SpßiNGher Cailitft ftbwerets ftrfw*, When firft Zeph y r us, from hi* winter cave, Looks out—aftonifn'd at the change he views, Aod kijifig* leaves a HmfU on the wai/t, Some fair Phi lima, with her plaintive Jyre, May charm the mind, and moisten every eye, While weeping Muses hush the feftive wire, And the lorn Witloiv undufetes a sigh. The dear cafeade, whose (ireid lapse fitpplied, Spreads an unruffled (beet of lymph r-efin'd, Shines a fair emblem of thy bounty's tide, Theexhauftlefsfountain of a Brattle's mind. While thus rninying all, that rajt bestows, That Friendship yields, or !>ticvcc can refine; Whiie A r T to thee a brighter polilh owes, And Nature owns, that half her charms are thine ; Tho' nf> Pactolus rolls hisgoltlen waves, Nor wafts his liquid Indias to thy shores j More affluent Charles thy fertile viHa laves, And Uve»,+Euthr ATis-like,Ei/f( rf(bcietyfiombarbari(in to refinement—dittinft from each other, aT.d marked by a peculiar cbarafter. The tranlition from one of tiiefe to tfi« other, is formed by almost imperceptible gra dations. Those countries which have prefentefl! 11s with man in his rudest form, have uniformly exhibited him in the character of a hunter. Thus the inhabitants 6f the I (tends in the At lantic and Pacific oceans, the natives of thia country, the original inhabitants of ancient Greece, and many other countries of anti quity, when firft visited by civilized people, knew 110 other means of subsistence than hui}t ing aud fiihing. In this state tber have few ideas of private property. Tiieii weapons, the game they have taken ia the chcce, the fruits they have gathered, and in general those things which they immediately occupy, are the only objtfts to which they claim an exdulWr right. The idea of personal appropriation is formed only by the progreifive improvement of manners. Wen, in this stage of society, depend wholly nponthe success of hunting and fitting, and those fruits and vegetables which the earth produces withoflt culture for theii subsistence —when these fail, they are reduced to the moil fatal extremity. An unfavorable sea. son, a dearth among the animals, and the ftratagertls of a neighboring enemy, may op preft them with all the miseries (if pinching neceflity. tt is to the famines which have taken place in confequente of these evils, that we mat afctibe the practice of devouring one an6ther, which has been found to prevail among savage nations Fear and wans, ex cept the thirst for revenge, are the only springs of aftioft in the savage state—bunting and war are their thief employments. Surround ed by dafigfers on every side—exposed to tl e rapacity of ravenousbeafts on the one hand, and hostile neighbors on the other, the favsge is kept in perpetual alarm—The peculiar imperfections of the savage (late—the want of known and acknowledged laws—of a com mon judge to adjnft the differences that may k'ife, and of authority to enforce those equi table decisions 6f nature and reason, to whict even savages are competent, cherilhes tli« feed of contention, and multiplies the num. ber of wars. The constant call for war, tb< growing scarcity of game, and confequeni difficulty of the chace, mult netefTarily ex cite their ingenuity and improve their dexte rity ih the invention and u(e of their wea pons. As their numbers increase as th'eir ih' tercourfe with each other becomes more Ire. qbent, and their ideas expand, their wantj: multiply—new arts become neceiTary., an< more provlfiort is requisite than their ordinary sources of supply will furnifh. Expericnci would soon teach them that foriis animals ar< superior to others, in delicacy, in flavor, am in nutritive virtue—they would Toon lean also to diftingoilh the trainable from the fe rOcioos, the gregarious from the mUre folita ty; these they would collect and tame—the; would erefl enclosures to prevent their war. derirtg, to distinguish them from others, am designate therrt as their own. Thus by de grees they would exchange the hunter'? so the pastoral life, and divert their care fro" the chace t6 their flocks. In every step 0 this progrelfion new wants arise, new arts&r invented, and every social improvemen makes proportional advances. Innumerabl causes cbntribute to the improvement an progre/s of the pastoral life. The greate certainty and abundance of subsistence it fui nifhes—the easy means of procuring it—th facility of guarding more eflfeftuallv again the evils of famine, and the leisure it afibrd: render intercourse with each other more fr< quent and more desirable, and mature an strengthen their social difpoiitions. The neceftity of being in the neighbourhoo of springs and rivers—the extraotdinary fei tility of pa ticulat spots of earth, or the sea of enemies, may have firft suggested the idc of a permanent residence- The accident; di r Covery of the ififiu'ence of the refufe at filth of their hovel.s in refiefh'ng a barren ( exhaufled foil, and In increaluig ahd prefer' ing the fertility of a new one, with fomc a tempts to cultivate and rear those plan which experience had taught them we wholesome and nourishing, may have ipfen: bly brought them froiti pasturage to agricv ture. Thisis the foundation of civil fociety—ai until this takes place, society canriot be fa to exist. This is tbe natural order of gradations by which a nation advances fro rudeness to refinement, when left to the 11 pulse of its own genius, and the ordina course of things. Accidental causes diftu 1 this progress. A nation is sometimes, by t force of particular circuraftauces, bra 14