A SAIIVSAL tAI ,-A, I- L HUSHED WEDNESDAYS AND SATURDAYS BY JOHN FENNO, No. 69, HIGH-STREET, PHILADELPHIA
[No. 12, of Vol. IV.]
Thirty Dollars Reward.
RUN AWAY from the subscriber in February
last, a NEGRO LAD, named PHIL, about
20 years of age ; hail on when he went away, a
roun.i jacket, a paii homespun breeches, and a tow
ihirt; theiellow has a yellowish complexion, his
heighth about five feet fix or seven inches, very
square made ; ha? a mark along fide of his nose,
ana one of his insteps has been burnt, which caufej
the sinews to draw.
Whoever takes up said Negro, and fecurrs him
in any jail, so that I may get him again, (hall re
ceive the above reward, and have all reafonablc
ROBERT PEARCE,
charges paid
Head Safjafrat, June 16, 17Q'
BANK of the UNITED STATES,
July 2d, 1792.
NOTICE is herebv given, That there will be
paid at the Bank, after the 10th instant, to
the Stockholders, or their representatives duly au
thorized, the following sums, being the dividend
declared from the commencement of the i'nftitu
tion to the firft instant, viz.
For cach share complcaLed in the month of
Ivlarch, Twelve Dollars.
For eac' scare comoleated in the month of April
Ten Dollars, Sixty-[even Cents.
For cach (hare compleated in the month of May,
Nine Dollars, Thirty-three Cents.
For cach half-(hare, Eight Dollars.
Bv order of the President and Dire&ors,
(2 w.j JOHN KE AN, Cafhicr.
JUST PUBLISHED,
AND TO BE SOLD (PRICE 10f.)
By HAZARD and ADDOMS,
At the corner of Third & Chefin. Streets,
„T H £
■'*"* HISfORY
O F
New-Hampshire,
Vol.' 111.
Containing a geographical description of the
State—with {ketches of i.s natural history, pro
ductions, improvements, and present ftatc ot io
«iety and manner*, laws and government.
By Jeremy Del knap, A.M.
(£3T This volume compleats the history, and is
pe_n!iarly intending.——Subscribers are dclired
to call for tYieir books.
GENERAL POST-OFFICE,
Phi l adelphi a, July 7, 1792.
FOR the information of Merchants and ine Mas
ters or Commanders of vcffels, are published
the following extra&s from the Law for eftabliih
ing Pott-Offices and Pott-Roads wkhia the United
States.
lii fcftion io, it is enafled that there (hall be
chargrd " for every letter or packet brought into
the United States, or carried from one port there
in to another by sea, in any private (hip or vessel,
four cents, if delivered at the placc where the fame
lhall arrive ; and if dire&ed to be delivered at any
other place, with the addition of the like pottage,
•as other letters are made fubje& to the payment
of by this act."
Infe£tioni2, t; That no fhlp or vessel, arriving
at any port within the United States, where a poft
office is established, shall be permit;ed to report,
make entry or break bulk, till the mailer or com
mander (ball have delivered to the poilmafter, all
letters directed to any person or persons within
the United States, which, under his care or within
his power, (hall be brought in such ship or vessel,
other than such as are dire&ed to the owner ot
consignee : but when a vessel (hall be bound to a
nother port, than that, at which (he may enter, the
letters belonging to, or to be delivered at the (aid |
port of delivery, (hall not be delivered to the pod-j
matter at the port ot entry. And it shall be the
duty of the colleflor or other officer ot the port,
empowered to receive entries ot lhips or vcffels,
to require from every mailer or commander ot
luch (hip or vessel, anoatli or affirmation, purport
ing that he has delivered all such letters, except as
a(orefaid.!' * ,
In feftion 13, " That the postmaster to whom
such letters may be delivered, (hall pay to the
matter, commander, or other person delivering
the fame, except the commanders ot foreign pack
ets, two cents for every such letter or packet; and
(hall obtain from the person delivering the fame,
a certficate fpecifying the number of letters and
packets, with the name of the (hip or vessel,
and the place trom whence (he latl failed ; which
together with a receipt for the money,
shall be with his quarterly accounts, transmitted
to the Postmaster-General, who shall credit the
amount thereof to the postmaster torwarding the
fame."
For general injormation, the 14th fc&icn is pub
lifbed, " And be it lurther tnbtted, That if any
person, other than the Poflmafter-General, or his
deputies, or perfonsby them employed, (hall take
up, reccive, order, dispatch, convey, carry or de
liver any letter or letters, packet or packets, other
than newfpajjers, for hire or reward, or shall be
concerned in letting up any foot ©r hoifc pott,
waggon or other carnage, by or in which any let
ter or packet (hall be carried for hire, on any esta
blished poll-road, or any packet, or other vetTe!
or boat, or any conveyance whatever, whereby the
revenue of the general pott-office may be injured,
every per (on, so offrnding, (hall forfeit, for every
such offence, the sum of two huudred dollars.
Provided, That it shall and may be lawful for eve
rv person lo fend lettcis or packets by special rncf
icnger.
RUN AWAY Irom the subscriber, living in
Kent County, and State of Ma vland, on
Sunday the 2-nh May last, a NEGRO M A N,
named Hark; about 40 years of age, about five
feet nine inches high, has a fear over one of h?s
.eye-brows, and when talking, hangs his head on
one fide, and looks up—had on and took with
him the following cloaths, viz. a fearnought coat,
a black and white kersey coat, cut round, a white
kersey jacket and breeches, two pair of yarn stock
tngs, the one pair lately footed, and the other not.
two oznaburgh shirts. each pieced on one fide,
two pair of tow-linen trowfers, one pair patched
with new iow-l«rti) down the-forexirti. and an
old felt hat.
Whoever lakes up (aid Negro, if out of this
State,and secures him in gaol, fh 11 receive FOUR
-1 EEN DOLLARS reward—and if taken within
this State, and secured as alorefaid, {hall receive
EIGHT DOLLARS reward ; and if brought
home, reasonable expences will be paid bv
PEREGRINE LETHRBURY.
Chejler-Tcwv, June 4,1791. (ep 8w )
[*eoi m)
FRQU THE AMERICAN MUSEUM.
REFLECTIONS on the STATE eftke UNIO
Reflections on the mavufaflurcs of the United St<
as they afteß the mercantile interejl.
SOME of the oenefits to the coading trade
other parts of the domellic Commerce res
ingfrom manufactures, '* already been l
"nated in treating of the manufa£lure of iiqu
3efides these, bark and hides tor the tanno
rnn, lead ; lice!, coppcr, hemp, flax, wool, cot 1
ilk, wood, timber, furs, tobacco, flax feed
Tarn for the ers <>! those art teles,
irovifions, fuel, and other obiefts of tl
onfumption and use, together with the got
nade by them, are, ami conitantly will be p
hafed, tranfpoited from place to place, and ft
reating a great part of the emplovmentfor no,(
'"■ns of vefTeb, exerciimg a large port
• f cosnmescial ind»llry and ikiil, and afford in
etuin of profi s on a very conirlrrable sum
nercantilc capital employed in thebufinefs. 1
• ranch of our trade is of peculiar importan
>ecaufe we have 110 transmarine colonies, ;
vhile the redundancy of (hipping owned by n
at ions will leave us but little chance of materi;
ncreafingour vessels in the foreign trades, the
enfion we may give in the course of ten year:
ur home Wlll.prohaKly Wuaru
ave brought coiton, sugar and saltpetre to mar,
;:£fure from India, lulphur from the Adriat
emp, flax and iron from Ruflia, copper fr<
vveden, fur»,indigoand mahogany from the Gu'
>f M .xico, and coal i.ir our workmen from i
land : and we cannot doubt, thercfoie, that
ball transport thofecommodities and others, fr<
uch of the States as produce them, to those wh
ball create or have already cftabliihed a manuf
uring demand.
Foreign commcrce being limited by the co
• ined value of our impoits and exports any m<
antile capital, which accumulates beyond the si
equifite for those purposes, would want emplo
nent of a commercial uatuie, if the merchant wt
lot able to have tecourfe to manufactures. Tl
s not a m« re speculation in pofnble even's ; b
onfiderable trading houses and otheis of refpedl
>'e (landing, have actually entered into such pu.
utts. Glais-houfes, rope-walks, powder mill,
mn wotks, fUel works, Hitting auj rolling nulls
[rift mills, naileries, sugar refineries, brewerie
nd distilleries, the manufactory of fail cloth, au<
>f woolen, cotton and linnen goods, exhibit a
his moment numerous proofs of the fa6l.
It is too well known to need moie than a ban
illegation of the truth, that our outward boun<
r effels are always completely laden, and thai
10 not on a medium return half full. It will
herefore, increase the profits of the owners o
hips, if the outward cargo can be rendered more
aluable by manufacturing the goods to be export
d. This may be exemplified in regard to whea
md the simple manufacture of fuperfine flour. A
elfel which will,carry ten thousand bufhelsof ih<
ormer, at the price of a dollar per bushel, will b<
aden foi ten thousand doliars ; but the quantity
>f fupeifine flou) (3,000 barrels) which the Unit
effel could iceeive, will amount, at a proportion,
ite price, to the sum of fifteen thousand dollars
The fame quantity of tonnage, filled with bottler,
sorter, distilled fpirirs, fte; 1, cordage, (larch, peat
flies, carriages,cabinct wares, plate, candles, soap,
infeed oil, paper, hats, ihoes, &c, would ri!e tn
much greater value; and of conbquence, the
iwners of the vessels mull be able to purchafc
nore goods lor the rclu-n by which the
c (Tel being fuller, would make a greater sum in
reight back. This circ'umftance is rendered of
he more consequence by realcn of our diflance
rom the greater part of the coufumers of our lur
>l us produee ; and it is obvious that ships will
hen be moil profitable, when the measurement <>1
11 our imports shall be equal to the measurement
ft all our exports. Vtffclft which depart and re
urn fully laden, cannot fail to enrich their owners
No arguments will be to convince the
idicious and reflecting mind, that the employ
ncnt of large c pitals and of many merchants and
raders, is mod certain and cafv, whvie there is
he gieatcfl number and variety of objeCts to buy
nd fell. As our commercial towns, therefore-.
iave offered ina»ufaClurc.d commodities to those
vhocome thither, they have increased in butinefs.
'otafh, pearl 3fh, country rum, domestic bquors,
oaf fu *ar, See. have already contribute d to hvi II
heir exports, by attracting foreign demand, or
ncreafing the number of profitable objetls of fhi p
nent. THete will naturally multiply under the
lands of our vnauufaCtuteis, and inllcad of maik-
Wednesday, Tutv ii ? 1792.
45
nothing ;>i«t Uinilicr, tobacco, Hock,
• uw materials were formerly to'be
»bi;«i.-ed, ou f-aporrs -w ,ii be converted into ma
!. ' , i which all thofc articles will be pur
h;tTev»iilr, id the various commodities manu
atti>; .! fr< i them. For these goods in whatever
hap !i;- afers will never be wanting:—cheap
«!' !• ] as certainly attracts buyers, as water
(ids t s V- . Nor is this mere sanguine hope or
wpenit 1 rgeftion ; for it is an obvious truth,
H i : i' lteil manufacturing nations in the old
irorld, he greatest traders to foreign pans,
101 - en roost temarkable for main ; >"rs,
amount of eighty millions o< .«t .
n the commodities of oilier -
prov ,0
mere..
per ar
A Jru / reflections on American manufacture.
-1 !>t: t v- . cal concord and attachments, which
grov out o: mutual benefits are the mod rational
r tii:.;r»ent. In this view, the feme •• vch
v.- i t given to the nationrl union, by th inter
chei. soi raw materials, provisions, fu and
manu'i.&urcs among the levfcral States, isoh nef
•iinae: ;lue. If European nations have u vo
"cf amity and mutual forbcarauer >n
ions, it cannot be doubled t n.-.c f_.
wit) evince equal wifdorn an l < trtue.'
a' tf f our union, from polity or tempo
for manufactured supplies, have
ll'r exhibit the greatefi liberality to
oi igners, with whom they have been
I recent \ at »b idtll variance*, It mull appeal vc
• v .able, t the capacity at once to accomo-
v'ia«< ,-m a. ~ engage their regard, should be
_ t frur distant strangers, to their own
c*>j:ri , • I'- ieir own kindred. If the mer
chant :.d rr ufa&uTers of the opulent nation
I with 1 on) t United States so long waged war,
i irfil nc< dhy e hope of our consumption, cried
| alou > for pea and. on the moment of its return,
prelTc.d vvith the courtesies of commerce to our
j fho; <s, the e> ing fnendfnipof the feyeral pans
ofjhe ».:■-! ion .* caeh other, mud be strengthened
by 1. .Ur iu nces, as they (hall be progiefltvely
m {cffaiM.
Hie anirn prifecution and liberal cncou
! r«r.< n i ni nf nufa&ures, is at this moment a
rr , politic; y. The national legislature has
incrtafed th oft on foreign 'merchandise, to
{ defray ?he r. es of the Indian war. The con
tiiftiiance oi : t part of the duties is to be no
Ion: r than ' jf the hostilities which occasion
thei to be It the interval should bedili
' in : emp»» lin the promotion of manufac -
'4i■ >* •; V > "•' 'r.-7*Tl: - V'.f rr '." 1
"id to pro;fx .he temporary injuries or trie In
luian war wi -e accompaniea and followed by
j great, solid u permanent benefits. Ihe militai v
expev.lc is re red less buidenfome, by the em
! ploytf»e.rtgi* to our own workmen. The (hoes,
!>oc' horfcit i's caps, haw, buckles, buttons, lad
cry, spears, le.® gunpowder, and other articles
i .or the nfe c t' e aruiy are made by American
• manufacture It is perceived, that war, which j
, oft Mp.icrrup: foreign commerce and generally
•v.fner- :h. otices of agricultural produ&tons
has in this, instance no eflects of
,t iiarun ;'b< t by judicious arrangements, may
ji ridert d i-iltrumental to the greatest fuppor.t
i-• 3 .ed intereft —the national manufacturers.
' he 'ock of the field mufl incvita-
L-iy :iiih The number of our citizens; but
there ■ ■ cry reason to believe, that those, who, in
the couri : 0 present war, may fall under the
banners country, will prove inferior in
number to those who will be drawn, by the in
fluence of the new duties, from foreign countries,
to the standard of American manufaftuies : and
although the moll ufeful arts are-no compenluiori
f. . the lives of our compatriots, the acquthtion of
a great number of new fcitizens will counterba
lan. ? the political evil rcfulting from such a loss,
so far as it m2y unhappily occur.
It is detrimental to the United States that the
manufactures they consume arc drawn from n -
tions whose citizens pay much greater contribu
tions to their government than our manufacturers,
and conlequently tliat we so far forth are subjeCt
to their taxes, imposts, and excises. In (iitai
Britain, for example, their national taxes are fc
ven times as large as ours, in proportion to the
number of people in the two countries ; and their
poor rates and church rates are each more than
double our whole national contributions. Tin j
monopolies of thofecountriesfajl heavily upon the
conlr.mers, among their citizens; and those, who
purchase their fabrics, bear a part ol th:s burden,
which lies on their inanufattui cs. The commer
cial charges paid by the Englilh Eaik-India com
pany abroad, amount to one million of dollars pei
annum ; the freight and charges in England arc
about two million and two thirds-more, exrlufivr •
ly of duties. The company's civil and military
charges would, in two years like the p fen , pay
all the cxpenlcs of our government, a.,d difeharge
our national debt. Tne reftrj&ipns on navigation
and trade in the Eui opcan nations also enhance the
price of raw materials and articles of confum pnon,
required by their manufactures, ali which falls ul
timately upon the people of the United States, so
far as their fabrics are confumtd here. These I
considerations (hould induce our moll (Irenuous
exertions, to dimini(h those indirect burdens, and
at the sains time they l-id out strong piomifesof
a fucce fslul iffuc to our effn <s ,
In taking a view of the affairs of the United
States, and comparing them with the fituat.on of
mod of the great commercial nations of Europe,
the mind is immediately impirli d with the pecu
liarity of their being without tianfmarine colonies.
Though speculative politic i ns have- entertained
doubts in to favdrable ciieefs Horn lu h
pofleffions, taking into view the cxpenlcs of their
improvement, defen c, and government, no ques
tion has been made but that the monopoly of their
red fr
COQtlAtil*
[Whole No. 534.3 *
trade greatly increases the commerce of the na
tions to which they are appurtenant. Of such h\i
advantage the United States do not enjoy the be
nefit ; and this circumliance, and
the pievailing difpoft'ion to restrict their com
merce, the fisheries, the coasting trade, and manu
fadures appear to merit extraordinary attention.
The confederation of manufa&urcs, upwi gene
ral principles, has been, for leveial years, before
the legifiatures as well of the Hates, as of the U
nion. The estimation of their importance to the
landed and national interests appears to have been
yearly heightened by difcudiou and enquiries into
fads. Household manufacture* have acquired
umverfal and decided approbation. To thofc
which are conduced by laboi-faving machinery
and other procefles, by hoifes and oxen, 2nd
which consequently do not require manual opera
tions, noobjeftion has been made. Such of them
as can be carried on by manufa&urers now among
us, by thole who may migrate heither, bv the
wives and thildren of our citizens, and by black
women, old men, and children, have not been con
fidercd as diminilhina the mass of agricultural in
dustry, but as manitcftly promoting it by i.ew and
extensive demands.
■ The piefent difcuflion of the fubjeft will be ter
minated l.y remarking, that although tltis great
fubdivilion of our political economy has been co
pioully and tre. ly treated in every mode, it has
not onlv prcfcrved its original importance in the
nupltc judgment, but has risen in the eftima'ion of
the people in every part of the union—a -fate that
rarely attends unimpoitant truths or dangerous
enors in an enlightened conn.ry.
(to be continued.)
EXTRACTS.
" ' S a orl "'i being ; he
J-*-'- takes a turn on the llage of
life, and difaj>pears : But he departs
with regret, and calls alojiging, lin
gering look behind him—yet go be
niult ; and to perpetuate his exilt
ence, has no alternative but in bis
children : These he is therefore to
consider as part's, and the only abid
ing parts, of liim<el£;~and in this
way he may be perpetuated to the
latest generation. If therefore he
VT I 111 V V ill i Uill I n i i - i m
a fuccetfive train of felicities for him
felf, he mull wish the fame for his
posterity, who are parts of Jiimfelf
in continuance. He ought therefore
to abandon and despise every vicious
habit, and apply his fortune and his
earnings to their comfortable main
tenance and mental improvement ;
nor ought felf-ii)iereft to be his only
motive ; 'tis a duty he owes to socie
ty to furni(h it with ureful members,
and hi 3 country with citizens and ibl
. diers."
" HOW frivolous appears thegau
dy equipage aird the splendid mansi
on, compared with the proud inte
grity of honor—and the dignity of
an independent mind.—Let it
occur to those who are entering on
the fair career of public life, that
though indud'ry and talents will not
always command success, yet a fpoit
lefs character will secure esteem—and
that a fortune is only honorably when
it has been earned by virtue."
[The following remarks on Air may not be un
seasonable at'this season of the year—■-fpeci
allv as many other disadvantages attending
confined, or which is the Tame, unwholesome
air, might be mentioned.]
" IT is now certainly known that
the breathing of a grown Jierfon vi
tiates a gallon of air every minute,
rendering it unfit for respiration. A
number of people, therefore, confin
ed in a finall close apartment, malt
soon fill it with putrid vapor.
" It is a facft, equally well ascer
tained, that noxious vapours arelight
er than pure air, and are therefore
perpetnally endeavoring to ascend.
" The exit of these vapors (hould.
be promoted by every poflible mean
in our power.
" Air, in facft, being the befl vehi
cle for carrying off putrid vapors, it
ought to have as free a passage thro'
all parts of a house as poflible.
" Frequent white-washings with
lime and water would contribute
greatly to purify the vitia'ed air;
and it is evident that cleanliness in
the floors, dress, and every other par
ticular, ought to be attended to as
much as circumstances may permit.