&nz&U dfffifMtM A NATIONAL PAPER, PUBLISHED WEDNESDAYS AND SATURDAY, BY JOHN FENNO, No. 69, HIGH-STREET, PHILADELPHIA [No. 8, of Vol. IV.] JUST PUBLISHED, AND TO BE SOLD (PRICE lOf.) By HAZARD and ADDOMS, At the corner of Third & Chefnut Streets, THE HISTORY New-Hampshire, Vol. 11l Containing a geographical description of the —with {ketches of its natural hiltory, pro duflions, improvements, and present state of fo 'ctety and manners, laws and government. By Jerem* Belknap, A.M. $3* This volume compleats the hiilory, and is inirrefting. Subfcnbcrs arc delired *0 call for their books. Wm. cleland, BOSTON, Tranfa&s business in the Funds of the United States; BANK STOCK, BILLS of EXCHANGE, &c. gCJ* OrdersfroinNew-York, Philadelphia, or any other part of the Union, will be attended to with Diligence and Punctuality 'June l advertisement. I DO heieby give notice to all persons, not to credit any person or perlous whatever on my account, othtrwife in my namej or on my credit, without special order fioin under my hand au thorizing the fame, as I am determined not to pay any debt or debts contratted without such order being produced. THOMAS JONES. Frederick-Town, 7 uw *5* 1 79 2 - ( f 'P4 w ) THE following sections of the ast entitled, An ast for railing a further sum of money for the protection of the frontiers, and for other purposes therein mentioned, are repub lifhed for the inf""mation of all perfons,who, on the 29th day of June next (1792) shall be pofTeUed "WINES. « io. A ND be it further ena&ed, That XjL all Wines which after the said I ast day of June next, shall be imported into the United States, shall be landed under the care cf the infpeftor of the port where the fame shall be landed, and for that purpose, every permit for landing any Wines, which shall be granted by a Collector, lhal!, prior to such landing, be pro duced to the said inipe&or, who, by endorsement thereupon under his hand, (hall fignify the pro duction thereof to him, and the time when, af ter which, and not otherwise, on pain of forfei ture, it shall be lawful to land the said Wines. And the said inspector shall make an entry of all such permits, and of the contents thereof, and each pipe, butt, hogshead, calk, cafe, box or package whatsoever, containing such Wines, Jhall be marked by the officer under whose im mediate infpe&ion the fame shall be landed, in legible and durable characters, with progressive numbers, the name of the said officer, and the quality or kin'i of \yine as herein before enu merated and diftinguilhed. And the said officer shall grant a certificate for each such pipe, butt, hogshead, cask, cafe, box or package, fpecifving therein the name or names of the importer or importers, the ship or veflel in which the fame shall have been imported, and the number there of, to accompany the fame wheresoever it shall be Tent. And if any pipe, butt, hogshead, cask, cafe, box or package, containing Wine, shall be found without such marks and certificates, the fame shall be liable to be seized, and the want of such marks and certificates shall be presumptive evidence, that such Wine was unlawfully im ported and landed." " Saft. ii. And be it further enacted, That every person, who (hall have in his or her pos session, Wiues which are intended for sale, in quantity exceeding one hundred and fifty gal lons, fliall prior to the said last day of June next, make entry thereof in writing at fonie office of mfpeftion in the city, town or county where he or she shall reside, fpecifying and describing the caiks, cases, boxes and other packages contain ing the fame, and the kinds, qualities and quan tities thereof, and where, and in whole poffeflion tfcey are ; and the officer of inspection, at whose office such entry may be made, fliall, as soon as may be thereafter, viiit and infpett, or caule to 7)? ted a " nd mf P efted > the Wines so reported, and lhall mark,or cause to he marked, the casks, cases, boxes and packages containing the fame, with progreflive numbers, with the name of the person to <vhom the fame mav belong, the kind or kinds thereo.", and words « Old Stock," and lhall grant a certificate for each cask, cafe, box or package containing such Wine, describing therein the said cask, cafe, box or package, and the Wines therein contained, which certificate fcall accompany the fame, wherever it may be lent. And if any person who mav have Wines h » «■ h«PQffeffion,for sale, shall not,prior to the said last day of June next, makeentry there of, as aboveduefted,he or she, for fuchomiffioh or neglect, forfeit and pay the value of the •!£ C entered ' t0 be recovered 1. ■ Ult ' for the of a "v Person who lhall give information thereof, 'and the so omitted to be entered, fliall be for (ept29) RUM AWAY from the fubferiber, living in Kent County, and State of Maryland, on Sunday the 2 , uh May last, a NEGRO MAN, named Hark ; about 40 years of age, about live teet nine inches high, nas a fear over one of his] eye-brows, and wheu talking, hangs his head on one fide, and looks up—had on and took with him the following cloaths, viz. a fearnought coat, a black and white kersey coat, cut round, a white kerley jacket and I'ieeches, two pair of yarn stock ings, the one pair lately looted, and the other not, two oznaburgh Hurts, each pieced on one fide, two pair of tow-linen trowfers, one pair patched with new tov.'-liiien down the fore parts, and an old felt hat. Whoever takes up said Negio, if out of this State,and secures him in gaol, {hall receive FOUR TEEN DOLLARS reward—and if taken withir this State, and secured as aforefaid, (hall receivr EIGHT DOLLARS reward ; and it brough: home, reafonablc expences will bep.iid bv PEREGRINE LETHRBURY Chtflcr-Toiuvy June 4, 1791. (cp 8w ) Thirty Dollars Reward. RUN AWAY from the fubferiber in February loft, a NEGRO LAD, named PHIL, about 20 years of age; had on when he went away, a round jacket, a pair homelpun breeches, and a tow shirt ; the fellow has a yellowish complexion, his heighth about five feet fix or seven inches, very square made; has a mark along fide of his nose,, and one of his insteps has been burnt, which caufcsl the sinews to draw. [ep\m ££ iau)2nr) Whoever takes ur> said Negro, and secures him in any jail, so that I may get him again, shall re ceive the above reward, and have all realonable charges paid. ROBERT PEARCE. Head June 16, 1792. (*epim) HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES, WEDNESDAY, April 25. In committee of the whole, on the 2d JrMion of the bill for calling forth the militia. The amendment providing for the Prdfident's ifluing a proclamation, tinder consideration. MR. GOODHUE observed that the amend ment appeared to him to require lome amendment; for an inlurre&ion may happen in a remote part of the union, and all the mif chief compleated before this proclamation could reach the spot. Mr. Fitzfunons oblerved that the proclama tion could reach the scene of adtion as soon as the order fVom the President for calling forth the militia could—therefore the objection ap plies to other parts of the bill. Mr. Mercer supported the amendment, on precedent and by arguments drawn from fadts and experience. Mr. Livermore obje&ed generally to any a mendment to the bill; he doubted whether the Legislature of the United States had a right to authorize the President to call forth the militia, till some real neceflity for the measure should exist. Mr. Clark enquired whether the United States have a right to call on the justices of the peace to execute the laws of Congress-—is they have no such right, the amendment so far as it ref pedts those officers is nugatory. Mr. White was in favor of the clause gene rally—but said he had no idea that the general government had any right to call on the officers of the particular States to execute the laws of the Union. Mr. Gerry adverting to several parts of the constitution observed, that nothing could be plainer than this, that the general government had a right to require the alfiftance >»f the of ficers of the several State governments; for they have severally taken an oath to support the constitution of the United States. Mr. Kitterra opposed the amendment, be thought the tendency of it, so far from operat ing to suppress infurredtions would produce them in a much grcacer degree. He objected particularly to that part of the clause which re quired the proclamations being read in the hear ing of the infurgent r —he believed it was true that no advantage had everinfatftrefulted from the practice, It W25 then voted to strike out the latter part of the amendment which refpetts calling on the justices of the peace or the judges to read the proclamation. The process bill being brought in engrolTed, and read, before the filling up the blanks Mr. Mercer moved to re-commit the bill, in order to reltoring an amendment disagreed to in the House*. which had passed unanimously in the committee of the whole ; this amendment was to strike out the clause that authorizes the cre ditor to pursue his a<stipn till a tender of the Wednesday, ' « CONGRESS. PHILADELPHIA. FRIDAY, April 27, 29 UNE 27, I 792. | debt and cofb, in p;old or silver is made. This I motion was founded on the particular circuui ' stances ot* persons indebted to foreigners—it was laid that the lav/ with this claule in it, would annihilate the power of the several States ,to pass insolvent laws—and in consequence, those unfortunate debtors would be entirely in the power of a let of persons who retained the molt rancorous enmity against the revolution, and the persons molt conspicuous in their exer tions tu bring about that event. It was fur ther laid, that it vests a power in a merciless creditor to immure an unfortunate debtor within the walls of a prison for life j it con found", the unfortunate, with the vicious and abandoned—and extends a regulation deligned originally merely to produce a full discovery and delivery of all the debtor's property, to a most unrighteous and unreasonable punilliment, to the Ihortening of life, and to the injuring of society. It was further observed that its ope ration would place the citizens of the United States upon a very different footing from En glifli debtors who owe money to the citizens of the United States ; the treaty of peace which had been mentioned was concluded during the existence of those laws under which the Britilh debtors enjoyed privileges which will by no means be reciprocal, Ihould this clause be re tained. It was alio observed that if this law was pa(Ted, it would not be in the power of the Legillature to provide a remedy, as it would be an expoft fa&o law—it would place the debt ors in a much worse lituation than they were in at the time the contracts were made—by giving these foreign creditors an advantage which they did not contemplate at the time when the credit was given. In opposition to the motion for recommitting the bill, it was contended that the creditors al luded to, had not discovered that rancorous and cruel disposition, in at least some of the States, which had been complained of—but on the con trary had treated their debtors in the molt hu mane and generous manner ; the provision con templated by the bill is precisely the fame with that contained in a law which has twice re ceived the fan&ion of Congress under the new constitution—os which no complaint had ever been made—that to prescribe a different rule would excite great alarms and be attendedwith enibarrafTments and perhaps with injury to the debtor as well as to the creditor : To leave it optional with the debtor to fay in what manner he will pay his debts—or to fubjedt the creditor to the caprice of the several State governments whose laws may be founded on very opposite principles, will put it out of his power to get his debts paid agreeable to the treaty of peace; and therefore will be a virtual infraction of that treaty—the provision it was said, is ftri<ft ly conformable to the letter of the uniformity in connection with justice was a principal object contemplated by the constitu tion—this was considered as one of its chief ex cellencies—but to fay that foreign creditors shall be fubjefted to the legislative provisions of the several States which are known to clash, some of which have made paper a tender—other s of which have depreciated paper in circulation,is to defeat every juftexpectation,founded on the treaty of peace and the constitution. It was urged that this clause ought to be retained on every principle of uniformity as a general pro vision. Nor could it be considered as an ex post fatto law, fmce every contract would re main as it was, and always be determined ac cording to its own principles, except by mutual consent this general provision should be resort ed to. THE AMERICAN FARMER. GOOD and evil are to be found in all socie ties, and it is in vain to seek for any spot where those ingredients are not mixed. I therefore reft fatisfied, and thank God that my lot is to be an American farmer, instead of a Ruffian boor or an Hungarian peasant. It is strange that misery, when viewed in others, should become to us a fort of real good; though I am far from rejoicing to hear that there are in the world men so thoroughly wretchcd. They are no doubt asharmlefs, industrious, and willing to work as we are. Hard is their fate to be thus condemned to slavery worse than that of our negroes. Yet, w hen young, 1 entertain ed some thoughts of felling my farm : I thought it afforded but a dull repetition of the fame la bors and pleasures. I thought the former tedi ous and heavy; the latter, few and insipid. But, when I came to consider myfelf as divested of my farm, I then found the world so wide, and every place so full, that I began to fear left the re would be no room for me. My farm, mvhoufe, my barn, presented to my imagination, objects from which I adduced quite new ideas, they were more forcible than before. Why Ihould not I find myfelf happy, said I, where my father was before ? He left me no good books, it is true; he gave me no other education than the arts of reading and writing; but he left me a good farm, and his experience: he left me free from debts, and no kind of difficulties to strug gle with. I married, and this perfectly recon ciled me to my iituation. IVly wife rendered my house all at once chearful and pleasing ; it no longer appeared gloomy and solitary as be fore. When I _ went to work in my fields, I [Whole No. 550.] worked with more alacritv and fprightlinefs. I feit that I did not v. ork for myl'elf alone, and this encouraged me much. My wife would of ten come with her knitting in her hand, and lit under the fliady tree, praising the ftraightncls of my furrows, and the docility of my hor/es. This swelled my heart, and made every thing ligUt and plealant, and I regretted that J had not married before. I feit myfelf happy in my new situation, and where is that station which can confer a more fubitantial system of felicity than that of an American farmer, pofie fling freedom of action and thoughts, ruled by a mode of government which requires but little from us? I owe nothing but a pepper corn to my country, and due refped. 1 know no landlord but the Lord of all Land) to whom I owe the most sincere gratitude. My father left me three hundred and seventy-one acres of land, i forty-feven of which are good timothy meadow, an excellent orchard, a good house, and a fub ltantial barn. It is my duty to think how happy lam that he lived to build and to pay for ail these improvements. What are the labors which I have to undergo ? What are my fa tigues when compared to his, who had every thing to do, from the firft tree he felled, to the finilhing of his house ? Every year I kill from 1,500 to 2,00~> weight of pork, 1,200 of beef, half a dozen of good wethers in harvefl; of fowls my wife has always a grea* flock ; what can I wish more? My hired labourers are faith ful and healthy. By a long series of industry and honest dealings, my father left behind hiin the name of a good man. I have but to tread his paths to be happy and a good man like him. I know enough of the law to regulate my little concerns with propriety, nor do I dread its power. These are the grand outlines of my situation J but as I can feel much more than I am able to express, I hardly know how to pro ceed. When my firft Ton was born, the whole train of my ideas were suddenly altered- Never was there a charm that a£ted so quickly and pow erfully. I ceased to ramble in imagination through the wide world. My excursions, since, have not exceeded the bounds of my farm ; and all my principal pleasures are now centered within its scanty limits; but, at the fame time, there is not an operation belonging to it in which I do not find some food for ufeful reflec tions. Yet how rude must the feelings of the farmer be who daily holds the ax or the plough ! How much more refined, on the contrary, those of the European, whose mind is improved by education, example, books, and by every ac quired advantage 1 Those feelings however, I will delineate as well as 1 can. When I con template my wife, by my fire fide, while she ci ther spins, knits, darns, or nurses otir child, I cannot describe the various emotions of love, or gratitude, of conscious pride, which thrill in my heart, and often overflow in involuntary tears. I feel the necessity, the sweet pleasure, of a&ing my part, the part of a husband and fa ther, with an attention and propriety which may entitle me to my good fortune. It is true, these pleasing images vanish with the fmokc of my pipe, but, though they disap pear from my mind, the impreilion they have made on my heart is indelible. When I play with the infant, my warm imagination runs forward, and eagerly anticipates his future temper apd constitution. I would willingly open the book of fate, and know in which page his deiliny is delineated. Alas ! where is the father, who, in those moments of paternal.ex tacy can delineate one half of the thoughts which dilate his heart ? I am sure I cannot. Then again I fear for the health of those who are become so dear to me ; and in their fick nefles, Ifeverely pay for the joys I experienced while they were well. Whenever I go abroad it is always involuntary. 1 never return home without feeling some pleasing emotion, which i often suppress as useless and foolifh. The in stant I enter on my land, the bright idea of pro perty, of exclusive right, of independence, ex alt my mind. Precious foil, I fay to myfelf, by what singular custom of law is it that thou waft made to constitute the riches of the free holder ? What ihould we American fanners be without the diftinft poflelfion of that foil ? It feeds, it clothes us ! from it we draw even a great exuberancy, our best meat, our richest drink ; the very honey of our bees comes from this privileged spot. No wonder we should thus cherilh its pofleilion; no wonder that so many Europeans, who have never been able to lay that l'uch portion of land was Cneirs, croft the Atlantic to realize that happiness ! This formerly rude foil has been converted by my father into a pleasant farm, and, in return, it has established all our rights. On it is founded our rank, our freedom, our power, as citizens j our importance, as inhabitants of such adiftrift. These images, 1 mud coi:fe{s ? I always behold with pleasure, and extend them as far as my imagination can reach ; for this is what may be called the true and the only philosophy of an American fanner. Bon Mot, —A wag having afTeited in prefencc of a Knight, that F. R. S. to his name might be cob-, ftrued into Fe l low of Rimarkabli Stupi dity, infkad of Fellow of the Roval Socicty The honourable gentleman sagaciously took the him, and bad them expunged.
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