all to discharge what the United States are in honor and jnftice bound to pay ? Retrospective l«tws, to afFeift rights attacked, ou"ht never to pais ; but laws have frequently been enacted to indemnify persons tor a con du<ft, though not ftridlly legal, but founded on the special circumstances of the cafe : the l.itety or honor of a nation or army, where the contli • tutional authority could not come forward in time. Such was the treaty or system formed by the Duke of Marlborough and the great DeWitt. The j)utch instead of punishing their minilteiy approved the inealure ; it eventually tended to the fafety and honor ol the allies.— Ihe indivi dual risks the step fW his country's good —a mag nanimous government will always fanclify. We fliould consider the cafe upon fubltamial principles, not according to the letter, not a<ft as the Lacedemonians did to one o( their leaders ; they fined him for the infringement of the let ter of the law, yer for the fame act rewarded the hero with a garland. The fine here ruins the General's eltate, and the garland alone, ! fear, in this country, will not give his children bread or a becoming edu- cation. . , In our late contest the common maxims of old nations could not always be adhered to. We were obliged to ndl according to emergencies In the cafe Greene, he seems to have in tended for the best. He helped to fei ve and save a country. His merit Itands high indeed. I need not repeat the nmnber of his great and glorious actions, which mark him the General and the hero. His name will be handed down with honor to succeeding ages. Under all circuniftances 1 think his estate should be indemnified. If the committee do not like the whole of the resolution, let there be a division, as proposed by one of the gentlemen from South-Carolina ; though I fhoiild think we might iafely vote for the whole of the rel'oltti ob, and let the bill make airp other provisions ■which may be thought neceflary. ("The fubje<ft was further difcufled—Mr. Lee, Mr. Barnwell, Gen.-Wayne and Mr. Bourne, R.I. speaking in favor of agreeing to the resolutions, and Mr. Macon and Mr. Sturges against the mo tion. General Snmpter closed the debate it) sun dry remarks on extratfs from letters wrote by General Greene during the late war, inferred in Gordon's History of the American Revolution, ■which extracts contain unfavorable reflections on the militia of South-Carolina, & the patriotism of the inhabitants of that state. These reflections; Gen. Snmpter Taid, Were gross calumnies on, and mifrepi efentations of the character of that peo ple, which he said were invalidated by faifts that at that time »o6k place, and by the gene ral tenor of the condu<fi of South-Carolina throughout the whole course of the war. General Wayne's resolutions, as before stated, were negatived, and a proportion laid on the ta ble by Mr. Bourne, of Rhode-Island, for taking Hp the business in a different form.] MONDAY, February 6 John Francis Mercer, a new member from Ma ryland (eleifled in the room of Mr. Pinckney, who had resigned) appeared, was qualified, and took his feat. Mr. Bald l in presented a petition from General Jackson, fetdng forth, that he had not, till a very late period, received notice of the regulations eltabliflied by the house, for the trial of the con tested election for the state of Georgia, and of the time limited for collecting evidence ; and that he had agreed with the attorniesof General Wayne to a prolongation of the term, ih cafe it (hould meet the approbation of the house—and requeu ing that the house would agree to a postpone ment of twenty days. On morion, resolved, that the prayer of the said petition be granted. Mr. Boudinot presented a petition of the tan ner's of the town of Newark, in the state of New- Jerfcy, requesting lire interference of Congvefs, to prevent the inconveniences which persons of their trade are likely to fuffer from the operation of Mills, that grind bark for exportation Ordered to lie on the table. The House resolved itfelf into a committee of the whole—Mr. W. Smith in the cliair—and re sumed the consideration of the Fishery Bill; and after further debate 011 the motion for striking oot the firft fettion, rose without coming to a de cision, reported progress, and had leave to fit again. Adjourned. TUESDAY, February 7, foundry petitions were read and refered to the Secretary of War. The petition of the Tanners ot Newark, (N. J.) was refered to a ieleft committee. The Speaker laid before the House a letter from the Secretary of the Treasury, enclosing a report from that officer, pursuant to the orders of the Hbufe of the firil of November last. This report amoni; other important particulars states, That The amount hibfcribed of the domettic debiof the Dollars. United States, principal and interest, ,is XJnfubfcribed residue of said domestic debt, This residue consists of variout descriptions of public paper; the Secretary propotcs that a tu/ther time (houid be allowed to fub rribc the fame. Hie a-no'int flibfcribed of the debts of the indi vidual Stares, is Trie sum which remains to be fubTcribed agreea ble to the acl for alfuming the State debts, is 4.427,665.61 To eF-'f 1 ft frvrral f-.ite It is propofet this aifumpi ion, This report was retereri to the committee of the whole, and made the order of the day for Monday next. Mr. Bcnfon, ol the oommmittee appointed for the purpose, brought m a bill for the apportionment of representatives among the people of the several states, and making provision for a second enumeration, &c. which was read the fiiit lime. In committee of the whole 011 the fifhery bill ; the motion for (biking out the firft fettion under difcuflion—after further de birr, the question was put and negatived— 32 —to 26. The committee rose and reported progrtfs, and then the House adjourned KINGSTON (Jamaica) Nov. 29. With the nioft heart felt sorrow, we commu nicate to the public, the mournful intelligence, that the Right Hon. the Earl of Effingham, out late worthy and much refpe<fted Governor, ex pired between the hours offive and fix this morn ing I Our readers will recolletfi that tlie Lady of this much esteemed and beloved Nobleman died not long lince on her paflaee from Jamaica to New York.] The 19th regiment, which lately left this island, was reviewed at Hillfey, fifteen days af ter its arrival in Great-Britain ; and it was then found that there were fifty men above the usual compliment. It is faid,that such a circumdance had never before occurred in any part of the Army that had been on a foreign eftabliftiuient ; and that Captain O'Conner, to whose exertions it was owing, had been presented to Major-Ge neral Hyde, who proniifed to mal<e a proper re presentation to his Majesty. EXTRACTS FROM AN EUROPEAN PUBLICATION. NO time ought to be loft in North America to introduce a ge ral attention to the right inftruftion of youth. Combinations ought to be formed in every county, province and city lor that purpose, and small academies, instead of large colleges ought to be promoted, particularly under the clergymen ; by which means a brood of learned clergymen will be established on thecontinent, and every parish will have the feeds of learning carefully sown, which will produce a virtuous and proiperous people hereafter. The education of the-female sex ought to be particularly at tended to, and the fatal error avoided, that a woman's chief excel lence consists in being able to make a pudding. On the virtue, diligence, and fufficient learning and sentiment of women, depend thecolourand texture of the character of their sons. FOR THE GAZETTE OF THE UNITED STATES. MR. FENNO, I OBSERVE that in your last Gazette, it is said, that " Lord Dorchester" was given as a toast bv three of the companies which met in Quebec to celebrate the Constitution ; it may have escaped your recolle&ion that Lord Dorchester is Governor General of Britjh America—and as such is in the Hi ft lift of toasts publilhed in a formei paper—consequently was not omitted by either of the companies aflembled on that occasion. Philadelphia, February 8. Extrafls from a letter jujl received J rom Cape-Francois, December 16. " Wc expect 20,000 troops horn France, and true it is they are much wanted ; the revolted negroes are still in arms, within a few miles of us, and people of color are murdering the whites all over the colon} : They have takejn sundry principal places, and unless troops arrive loon, this country will be ruined ; 253 sugar, and 1600 coffee works have already been burned, and a number ot villages. " A small veflel from Jamaica brings acconnts that the martial law had been declared there to keep the negroes quiet." " Since writing the above, the revolted {laves have, by two de puties, demanded freedom tor their chiefs, and thev will make peace; this was retufed. A vcflcl of war arrived yesterday with 130 soldiers, and accounts of 4000 being ready to embark. " A small schooner trom Jamaica brings an account of the whites having armed the negioes against the mulattoes, and thap they had killed many of them." The Brig Hannah, Capt. Latimer, of Philadelphia, arrived at New-York on the evening of 2d Feb. Accounts from Cape- Francois fay, the negroes continue burning and destroying the country. The day before the Hannah failed, viz. Jan. Ift, the Negroes made a deiperate atiack on Fort Dauphin, the event of which was not known ; the produce of the Island of every kind was very scarce, and niiog daily in value. Four hundred troops had arrived 111 a frigate from France and brought the account of 3,000 more troops icaov for failing in two or three days after, this frigate was immediately difparched to Port-au-Prince, from whence the news arrived, that the remains of that town was de populated. On the 15th Dec. an engagment began at Port-au "Prince between the Mulattoes and Whites, the event unkown, the lhipping of the harbor were under an embargo. St. Marks was in pofTeflion of the Mulattoes who had armed a (hip and several small vefl'cls which were cruifing'to intercept vefiels going in to Port-au- Prince, rtiey had taken a French fch. loaded with provisions arid carried her into St. Marks ; the Capt. in attempting to escape was shot, a frigate was sent to cruifeoff St. Marks in search of the a bove mentioned veflels. The profpeft which the Managers of the Hospital have in view of extending the building lo provide for a greater number of pa tients, must be highly acceptable to a charitable and humane peo ple. When it is considered, that the inhabitants of the State are more than double the number they were when the present house was erected, the piopricty of enlarging it in proportion to the iticreafe is evidently felt. On enquiry it will be found, that, at this time, there are in the Hospital not less than forty lunatic patients, and the apartments provided for the accommodation of maniacs, will not admit of more than twenty. 31,797,481. 22 10,616,604. 63 The consequence is, they are either improperly huddled ther, or dispersed through the wards to the great injury of others, who are affliffced with acute and dangerous difcafes. 327 of all the debts of the re rcmai-.istobe provided for 3,903-362. 72 r. ihe report that piovifion should be made for the next fefiion of Congress. December 18. •Jowfvcr inconvenient this m»y Vie, Co the f„& is, it is not men. t'on»d as any reflection on the gentlemen who iupo intend the in (titution ; for it is well known, (hey contribute their money, arid much of their time, to relieve the unhappy objefls of their cjrc but how ran they effectually do it, unlets apartment* art provided adequate to the numbers they receive. it would excite pity in the bread of any fpe#ator, to observe a c*fe which happened the other day (and cases of that kind are not uncommon) —A youug lad whose feet were frozen, was in luch a condition, that the physicians, on confuting, thought it was nted lul to take off his legs in order to f#ve his life. The poor boy lay in the long ward near three maniacs confined in chains, which rattled in h.s hearing, while the cries of murder, fire, and every alarmingnotfe, was diihirbing his repose day and night. To relieve a person in this situation, seems to be almolt impossible ; yet I am told he is likely ro lecover, under the grea* care of the hospital physicians. A due separation of such patients is theohjeft in extending the building, and, it is hoped, that all the charitable citizens ol Pennsylvania will embrace the views of their benevolent predecefTors, who founded the institution on a liberal scale, to relieve the miserable lunatic and Tick poor, with out partiality or preference to any. Bv uniting together in their public and private stations. to es pouse the cause of humanity, they could eafxly complete the build wig, which hath already been founded, and hitherto condudted, sO much to the honor of Pennfylvaniu. 17,072,334- 39 21,500,000 If it (hould be admitted that our frontier people have been the aggressors, it only shews that the duty of a just government would be to offer leparation for the wrong, and to seek peace. Buc when every offer of peace is reje&ed, as it has been by the Indians, they become the aggrefTors. [utlice is on the fide of the United States. But in time of war, the law of force subsists. lam nor to stand "'ll and let another put me to death, because I have given him reason to be angry. In this state did the government find matters. Mutual injuries and provocations had kindled a predatory war on the frontiers. The President fought peace, and lought it in vain. No government, unless administered by Quakers, would lit it ill and fee its citizens butchered. Congress did what seemed tM> be right at the time. They had not a war to make, but they haa one to carry on. They proposed to make it a short It seemed to be the cheapest way to raise a fttong force and take a strong post, which probably would bring the Indians to accept peace; that being all rhai was defied. Had Congress negle&cd the de fence of the frontiers, would they have avoided complaint? Had they trufled to sudden inroads of an iiregular force, would not the complainers have said tfiat 'hey were afraid of putting an end to the war ? The'man in the fable, who was not allowed to drive his ass, nor to ride him. nor to fuffer his son to ride him, has dif fered perplexity for our benefitand inftruftion.—There is no inea fuie which will suit every body—Government must do it's duty, and protest the defencelcfs. according to the social compact, and trust to the good fenle of the citizens for it's juftification. Government is a trust in the hands of the rulers—Doubtless this is true ; but it is equally true that a free government is a trust, and a precious one, in the hands of the people. Each individual con fides in the reason and good disposition us every other individual, not only that he wilj obey the laws, but that he will atford ins voice, and, if necefTary, his strength, to preserve or restore good order. Without this support of the lovers of order, the govern ment of this country would not have so much as the (hadow of force. Its life is in every man's hand, and every good man will consider this trust as a sacred one. It is such a man's duty, as well as his interest, to watch for the government which he has as sisted to establish—his duty, because he has engaged to do it—and his interest, beraufe a free government is a rare privilege and blet fing, and, if loft, not rafilv to be recovered. It is besides the only mound between him and anarchy—a state in which every man becomes the tyrant of the weak, and the Have ot the strong. In this free country, therefoie, the people havecaufe to be jealous of the attempts madeagainft government. It is being jealous for themselves. It is to be lamented, that so many writers think it their duty to hold np the government of the United States, and the men who are entrusted with the administration of it, in such fright ful colors. Thedefire to gain the praHe'of doing well, is as natu ral to men in office as to men in a less conspicuous condition o£ life. Your's, Q. PRICE CURRENT.—PUBLIC SECURITIES. 6 pr. Cents 3 pr. Cents Defered 6 pr.Cent* Final Setll. and other Certificates 2zf Indents 14J Bank Stock—half (hares 106 per cent premium, A FEW puncheons choice old Jamaica Spirits, Grenada, St. Kitts and Nevis Rum, Port-au-Prince, Cape-Francois and Surinam Molafles, Coffee, Cotton, and Pimento, Hyson and Souchong Tea, of the (irft quality, Cloves, Caflia, and Boston Chocolate, Spermacaeti Candles and drained Oil, Salmon and picked Mackarel, Boston Beef and Burlington Pork, RufTia and Boston Canvas, A few bales excellent Hops, Myrtle Wax Candles, St. Martin's Salt, Madeira Wine, in pipes, hogsheads and quarter casks, And a few cases old Batavia Arrack, February 8, 1792. Dismal Swamp Canal Company. PROPOSALS for cutting a Canal from the wafers of Elizabeth River in Virginia, to those of Pafquotank in North-Carolina, or for conducing the work, will be leceived until the ninth day of April next, by Robert Andrews, of Williamfburg; Thomas Newton, jun. and Darnel Bedinger, of Norfolk, in Virginia ; by John Cowper, of Gates County ; and Benjamin Jones, of Cam den County, in North-Carolina. The length of the Canal will be about sixteen miles; the country through which it will pass, is swampy, free from flones, and covered with heavy wood. The Canal is to be thirty-two feet in width, and eight feet at least in depth, below the furface of the eartb, and capable of being navi gated in dry seasons, by vessels drawing three teet water. Good fecuritv will be required of contra&ors; and performs making application to be employed as managers, mu(k produce certificates (from chara&ersot refpe£tability) of their qualifications for a bufmefs of this kind. Norfolk f January 2t, 1792, ORIGINAL COMMUNICATIONS, FUNDED DEBT. *sf i b w-l ---l5f r >4/3 UNFUNDED DEBT". Joseph Anthony, & Son, HAVE FOR SALE, At their Store, No. 5, on Chef nut-Street Wharfs By order of the President and Directors, WILLIAM A. BAYLEY, Clerk. ( C P'9 A ) pr. cent. 75 do, 76J do. no do. 70 do. [ep 4 w]
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