l PUBLISHED WEDNESDAYS AND SATURDAYS BY JOHN FEN NO, No. 69, HIGH-STREET, BETWEEN SECOND AND THIRD STREETS, PHII. A DELPH IA [No. 55, of Vol. lII.] Saturday, November 5, 1791. ANSWER of M. SYEYES, ft Mr, Paine's Letter, and to fevcrai other publt cations of a simitar nature.. (CONC LUDED.j " T UNDERSTAND by a republic," fays Mr. Paine," a go- X vcmnnnt founded upon the principles of thi Declaration ot Rights." Ido not fee why this government Ihould not be a Mo- "Principles," fays he, " with which many pans of the French Conltiiulion are in contradiction." This is poflihle ; and it is probable, that if it was proposed to form a republic, offences might be committed against the Declaration of Rights. But who do. s not fee that thele contradictions may be remedied without an abolition of the monarchy ? Mr. Paine will permit me to tell him a fccond time, that since I do not require him to fupportany particular republican form, it is vight that he should allow me the lame liberty with refpeft to monarchy. I dcfne, that our difcullion, it it takes place, may not depart from the spheres of theory. The truths winch we lhali establish may descend too slowly, or too fuft, to be applicable to lacts. .But I have already said enough to make it undcrllood, that at present, I feel much more powerfully the instant nccellity ot el ublifning the decreed Constitution, than that of reforming it. " The Declaration of Rights of France and America aie onl) one and the fame thing in principles, and nearly so in words." So much the worse. I could wish that ours might be the bell, and it would not be difficult to make it so. " And this is the republicanism which I havr undertaken to defend against what is called monarchy and aristocracy." A man •who liycs in France, or any other part ot Europe, will allow, that it we are to take the word? jepublic and monarchy only in th< ir common acceptation, we shall be disgusted by the mere mention otthem. Have I not an opportunity, it I was to follow the ex ample givt 11 rre by Mr. Paine, to cast lome discredit upon thai ■which is called republicanilm and aristocracy ? Would a ieuati of execution be less ai iftocratical, when ministers a&ingunder the li ce and lrrcfjjonfible choice ot a monarch, whose evident and palpa ble intereit * ould be always li.fcparable irom that ot the ma jority ? I have, perhaps, done wrong in making so eailv a discovery of oy doubts as lo the excellence of ihe republican system. How iar are ihofe from understanding me, who reproach me with not adopting a republic, and believe, thai not to proceed so far, is to Hop upon the road ! Neither the ideas nor the sentiments which arc called republican, are unknown to me ; but in my design oi advancing alway? towards the maximum ot locial liberty, 1 ought to pass the republic, to leave it Ur behind, and to arrive at true monarchy. If lamin an error, I declare, that it is neither for want of tune nor attention ; tor my refearchcs and results pre ceded the revolution. I acknowledge, that, for a note, this is become very long; but 1 was defirousot providing, that if our d J leu ill on look place, it fliould not degenerate into a dispute of words. It will iciult, I believe, from the perusal of the above, that men who are wil ling io speak in precise terms, will not permit them (elves to fup poieihat republicanilm is the opposite of monarchifm. The cor icllative ot one is many. Our adverlarics are Polyarchifts—Poli cies ; ihofe are their true titles. When they caii themselves re publicans, it thou Id not be by oppohtion to monarchy : they ■are republicans because they aie lor the public intcrclt, and cer tainly we are so too. The public iuiereft, it is true, has been for a longtime facrificed to private views; but has not this evil been common to all known States, without regard to their leveral denominations? If, inifcead ot adopting clcar notions, happily by etymology lifelf, it >s deteinuued to perliti in a confufion of words which can be ufeful to no poflible end, without doubt 1 (hall not obstinately oppoie it. 1 will permit the word •• Republic" to be fynoin rnous to *« Reprt-fentaiive Constitution but I declare, that after having taken it in this fenle, I ihall feel a neceility of enquiring, alter all, whether they Ihould wish that our republic (hould be monarchic, or Poliarchic. Let us then, if we can, eltablith the quUtion in thele terms—" In a good republic, is it better that ine government fliould be monarchic, or Poliarchic ( 1 tinilh this letter by a remark with which I ought to have be >t. My letter inserted in the Moniteur of the 6th ot July, dot s not announce, 41 that I have le sure to enter into the controversy with the republican Policraics." My words are these— '* I shall soon have time to attend to this question." Why soon ? Because 1 am persuaded that the National Aflembly will, in a Ihoit linae, put the la ft hand to their work, and that it is upou the very point of being ftnilhed. Until then, it i* impoflible for me to leave my daily occupations to fill the Journah with any fort of difculfion. 1 may be told, thai this qurition is the order of the day, but 1 do not perceive thai it is. Belides, a friend of l'berty does not chufe to discuss qucf tions ol right, under the empire of queltions ot taCL '1 tlis enqui ry into pi inciples, and the publication them, has been already so fufficirntly laborious, to a man lett to his individual pow rs, thot he should not expose himfclf to the regret of having wilhcd to speak reason, at a time when the mod decided determinations deprive manv of the poflibilitv °1 attending to it, and leave only the refplutiou ot (civing, in spite of him, the one or thr othi r party. EM. SYEYES* THE MAN OF HONOR By Dr. Berkenhout A Man cj honor, a gentleman (they arf fynonimous terms) is emi- A nently dittingutihed from the rett of mankind by the uni form unrestrained reflitude ot his condu£K Other are ho fleft in fear of the punifhn rn»s which the law might inflict : they **'e rrlij>iou» in expectation of bring rewarded, or in dread ot the devil in the next world. A gentleman would be juit. if there * ere *10 written laws, human or divine, except thole thpt are written 14 n his hrart bv the finger of his Creator. In every cl'.mate, under fv ery fvftrm of religion, he is the fame. He kneels before the •*nivprlal throne of God, in graiitudefor the blelfings he has re ceivrd, and in humble folicitatiou for h's future protection. He venerates the p'ety of good inen ot all religions. He disturbs not the religion oh his country, bee»ufe the agitation of Ipeculative opi nions prr-ducrs greater evils than tlie eirois -t is intended to re nv" e. He rcttraius his paflions, because they cannot be indulged v, tho»it injuring his neighbour or himfelf. He g ,ve s offence, doe* not chufe to be offended. lie com rafts no debts tohith Ik- .* uul ecrtain ibat he ca i difcliarge, becaule he is hont li upon principle. He neve r utters a falfehoo^,becaufe it ta*-%h.\vard ly, and infinitely beneath the dignity of a gentleman. He bribes no man for his vote, because he will not make a villain. He mea sures all oflences by the intention, but he relents with the fpint of a gentleman every palpable insult; because, in the present humour of the world, it is the onlv means of preserving good manners, and of feenrina so himfcU that refpedl which, as a juil man and a gentleman, he delVrves. FROM A LONDON PAPER AGRICULTURE.—LEICESTERSHIRE TO (hew what a good name, and a good use of it will do—Mr. Bakewell lets three Ranis this season lor i hree Thousand Guineas ! A Society of Farmers, called the " Tupp Club," offered him an annuity of 25001. per an num, for five of his Fiams, which he refufed : and apparently not unwisely, as he makes three thuufand on three of them. The excellence he boalts in his breed, is to have the lealt given quantity of bone, with the greatelt quantity of (lefli. He (hews carcases of them with ten inches of fa: upon lhe ribs ; and whiie they feed to this (ize, they do it 011 a very finall proportion of food, when put in competiti on with others. Their heads and limbs are very small. They have no horns, but a large quantity of wool, vvhich is rather of a coarse kind. Mr. Bakewell has been lately trying an expe riment somewhat lingular. He has been rotting some llieep purposely, for the fake of trying a medicine, sent to him by the Odiham Agricul ture Society, for the cure of that difoider. Thus lie has made sure of the disease, what ever he may do of the remedy. E} improvements adopted by the Monmouth (hire Agricultural Society, since the drawing up of the firft plan, it appears, that premiums are to be given for the encouragement of industry a niong the lower orders, viz. to servants who have lived the grfateft number of years in one place ; to laborers who have reared the greatest number of children without parochial affiltance ; or any other description that may hereafter be proposed as eligible objerts. The Heighth of the principal Mountains in the luorld, brought into one view, as taken jrt»n the Level oj the Mediterranean end Sea Ocean. The highefl: mountain which bounds the Lake of Geneva is - 188 That of Neufchatel - - 214 From the valley of Chamonny J26 From the valley of the Green Mountain 877 The fumniic of the 13re*en - >387 The Capuchin's convent 011 Mount St. Go- thard The Platter of Mount Citi'u The fuinmit above the PJatter Tlie fnminit of Vesuvius The fumniit of Mount yttna The summit of Cauigou, the highest of the Pyrenees The highest pare of Snowden The fuinmit of the 1 able of the Cape ol Good Hope - " _ " 542 The fuinmit of the Tlcdc Raco in the liland of Madeira k - - * 795 Summit of Teneritte - - , *94 Summit of Catapoxi in the province of Quito 3126 The highest part of the Cordilleras 3220 The above heighths were afrertained by Meflrs. Condamine, De Luc, Needham, La Lance, and Sauflure ; by whose meal'urements it appears, thar all the mountains on this fide of the Atlan tic Ocean arc* mere monticules, or mole hills, when compared with those of thefonthern parts of the globe; and perhaps there are, m un known regions, mountains flill more lofty. KINGSTON (Jamaica) Sept. 6. Amongst the nianv philolophical and mechan ical inventions which this speculative and expe timental age daily produces, we are led to no tice two new and curious ones, for which patents have been obtained ns advenifed in the lalt Lon don prints: The firli, Sympathetic Hinges and Locks, for folding doors : it is peculiar to theft hinges, that which ever door be opened, the other receives precisely the fame motion, so that both doors open and font e*a " 1 jumf'd but for a frolic CHARLESTON, (S. C.) Sept. 28. The court of general felfions adjourned on Mon day last, to the third Monday in January next, after pronouncing judgment on the following criminals : James Welch, for killing a negro by undue correction, in a fudilen heat of passion, to pay a fine of fifty pounds sterling, or remain committed until the lame be paid. Thomas Douglas, horse dealing, (recommend ed to mercy) to be hanged on Monday, the 3d of October next, between 10 and 1 o'clock, a. m. James M'Naille, littering forged bills of the corporation of Charleston, to receive thirty lafii es at the lower market, which was accordingly inflicted on Monday lad. 1061 1000 1490 < BALTIMORE, Odober 28. Extratt of a letter from George-Town, dated 0(1. 2fw *' The public sale of lots in the Federal City, ended on Wednesday evening ; but the private sales Itill continue,and probably will all the week. In the whole, there have been at least 1200 lots fold.—The average of the public sales is some thing upwards of 1001. for a lot of 40 feet front and 130 or 140 deep. The sales made by indivi duals, I fufpedl, were at a lower rate. Indeed they have fold, in many parts of the city, and the public sales were confined to that part which lies between the President's square and George-Town, which, it is imagined, will be firft improved, be ing so convenient to the present feat of trade. Tell your friend , that it is not yet too late to make good speculations ; but that, if he means to do any thin# to this purpose, he inuft not de lay it too long." 300 1672 1441 5 76 P. O S T O N, Yesterday failed from this port, with a fair wind, the copper bottomed ship Margaret, Ja mks Magee, Esq. Commander—bound on a voyage to the North-Weft Coast of America. It is the intention of this enterprising Navigator, to pr o ceed much farther North, than any of his prede cefl'ors have ever attempted.—May his determi nation be crowned with that success, so hazard ous an undertaking justly merits ! BENNINGTON, OJI. 24. Thomas Chittenden, Esq. is elected governor of this state for the year enfning.—And the hon. Moses Robinson, and Stephen K. Bradley, Efq'rs, Senators of the United States. [Whole No. 265.] Oiftober a;.