PUBLISHED WEDNESDAYS AND SATURDAYS BY 701 LV FFNNO No fio m■„ crp.7' ~
_ ' No. 69, HIGH-STREET, BETWEEN SECOND AND THIRD STREETS. PHILADELPHIA.
[No. 51, of Vol. lII.]
FOR THE GAZETTE OF THE UNITED STATES.
A SAMPLE ORATION,
Very suitable to be -worn in the pocket, and delivered
at Quarter Races, County Meetings, or volunteer
Stats Conventions, as occafmn may require.
Men, Brethren, & Countrymen !
IT is the purs unbiased flame of liberty, which,
while ir consumes, (fill inspires ine thisday to
address you. As to property, I have none ; thank
heaven, I diverted myfelf of all yellow dirt, all
filthy lucre, in those blest days when I was a Com
mittee-man, and watched night and day, in pub
lic houses, for the public good,—Property, gen
tlemen, is like " the accursed thing," touch it
but lightly, and let it pass. It is the mother of
aristocracy—that lusty yonng (trumpet on whom
the wicked well-born are determined to beget
not even a moderate sized, a limitted brat, but a
thumping great absolute Monarchy.
The virtuous Romans had agrarian laws ; bur
our feltifh peafant-foul'd farmeis will not divide
their farms; nay, nor will they even divide the
annual produce of them, with those patriotic
preachers and apojtles, who take no heed for to
morrow. A N innarian law would be a rich blef
fmg—Oh how it would gladden the hearts, and
gild wi:li pleasure the faces, of the true disciples.
to serve once more on Committees, whose bufi
jiefs it ihould be, at leafl once in three years, to
inspect the chests and coffers of the overgrown
parse-proud man, or the paltry muckworm, who
toiled with the dirty view of " laying up pelf
against a rainy day," and divide their ungodly
spoil amongtt the pure lovers of liberty.
A Numaria'n Jaw is not nil object to be despair
ed of. in order to gain the landholders, it is on
ly neceilary to convince them, that it is their in
tcreft to pare commerce ro the quick—to keep,
as it were, " its nose close to the grindstone"—
That the landed interest is one thing, and the
nionied is another, is very plain—You cannot,
gentlemen, carry land enough in the largest port
manteau, to pay yotir travelling expences;—a
nionied man will do precisely the reverse—he
will carry caflt enougli in a linall pair of faddle
l>ags to buy a large farm, and thus lord it over
us. Was there ever a patriotic land-holder that
(peculated anil grew rich, by land jobbing, by
loans of money, or loans of cattle, at an high in
terelt ?—You all fay no, with a truth most incon
trovertible.
I have heard it reported that there is one Stare
Ji) the Union of no mem size, that would not fuf
fer land to be touched by that harpy the law. If
this is true, it is a glorious example, a noble po
licy. A new-made landed man laughs his mo
Jiied dupe creditor in the face, with virtuous
scorn. There is one evil that has been little a -
tended to. There is a kind of natural at iltocraey
anfing from the powers of the mind—Nature has
given to some men enormous wealth in this way,
and when (lie adds to it that fpzciotis kind of in
tegrity which will not facrifice petty private
claims; or property for the public good, this arif
tocracy then comes to be of a very dangerous
It is a government of influence that does
not even require money—View the American
Court, and tremble. The head of the fyitem,
and a.ll rhe coadjutors, ought ipeedily to be oftra
cilVd and baniflied. I would not fpareeven their
appendage, the specious Court Printer, whose
ariftocradcal Gazette is pervading and poisoning
tlie /.b eams and sources of information through
out this country, it is (aid. I believe we need
not go far for an independent, plain-mouthed,
Printer to succeed him.
nature,
I would riot go too far at once, nor shock with
an instant total change—l would however weed
this rank garden, with a liberal hand. For a be
ginning, I would remove the Secretary of the
Treasury, and appoint some young Broker in his
place—the Secretary of State (hould befucceeded
a Watch-maker turned Silver-smith—l would
nuike some clean handed Quarter-Mafler, or Coil
t:nental Loan-Officer, Treasurer—the Affbciate
Judges /hould be felecled f -oni a very patriotic
little Eastern State—the Chief Juflice /hould be
great La-jj Reformer, in the Diftriift of Maine,
who is the glory of Mafiacbufetts Bay—For Se
crcrarj- of War, 1 would chufe their worthy re
inflated fellow-citizen—Daniel Shays, Esq.
VENTOSO,
Saturday, October 22, 1791.
For the GAZETTE of the UNITED STATES.
T
X lIO' blooms no more the rose upon my cheek,
Tho' loft the hazel lustre of mine eye,
Yet does that eye my foft affection speak,
And gaze on thee, as 011 a cloudfeft iky;
For pure thou art, and full ot harmony ;
Bright as in heaven flhines the morning star,
So beams thy beauteous foul upon thy face,
And (hews no malice, or-no mental war
Moves in thy mind, to break thy blifsful peace.
But oh my Anna, with thy wonted grace,
Continue still my pensive foul to chear,
Watch o'er my spirit with thy tender care,
So (hail thy power bid the rose appear,
And light mine eye, and charrn away despair.
CONSTITUTION OF FRANCE.
(Continued from our loft.)
IV. r I "'HE legislative body has the right of determining the
JL p4ace of its fittings, of continuing them as long as it shall
think neceflary, and of adjourning : at the commencement of
each reign, if it is not fitting, it (hall be bound to meet without
delay :
It has the right of police in the place of its fitting, and to such
extent around it as shall be determined :
It has the right of discipline over its members ; but it can pro
nounce no heavier punishment than censure, arrest for eight days,
or imprisonment for three :
It has the right of disposing, for its fafety and the refpeft that
is due to it, of the forces, which (hall be eftablilhment by its con
sent, in the city where it (hall hold its fittings.
V. The executive power cannot march, or quarter, or station,
any troops of the line, within thirty thousand toifes of the legis
lative body, except on the requisition, or by the authority of that
body.
SECTION 11.
Holdhg of the Sittings, and, form of Deliberating.
I. The deliberations ot the Legislative Body (hall be public,
and the minutes of the fittings (hall be printed.
11. The Legislative body may, however, on any occasion, foim
itfelf into a General Committee.
Fifty members (hall have a rigfit to demand it :
During the continuance of the General Committee, the aflift
ants fhal 1 retire, the Chair of the President shall be vacant, order
(hall be maintained by the Vice-President :
The Dccrees cannot be palled, except in a Public Sitting.
111. No Legislative Ast can be debated and decrced, except in
the following form :
IV. The plan of a Decree (hall be read thrice at three inter
vals, the shortest of which cannot be less than eight days.
V. Thedifcuflion (hall be open after every reading ; neverthe
less after the firft or second reading, the Legislative Body may de
clare that there is reason for adjournment, or that there is no room
for deliberation— in this last cafe, the plan of the Decree may be
in'roduced again in the fame feflion :
VI. After the third reading, the President shall be bound to
propose to their deliberation, and the Legi&itivc Body (hall de
cide, whether they are qualified to pass a definitive Decree, or
would rather chufe to postpone their decision, in order to gather
more ample information on the fubjett :
VII. The Legislative body cannot deliberate, if the fitting do
not consist of at least 200 Members ; and no Decree (hall be made,
except by the absolute majority of votes :
VIII. No plan of a law which, after having been submitted
to discussion, shall have been rejettcd after the third reading, can
again be introduced the fame feflion :
IX. The preamble of every Definitive Decree, (hall announce,
ift-, The dates of those three fittings, at which the plan of the de
cree was read ; 2d, The Decree by which it (hall have been ap
pointed after the third reading to decide definitively ;
X. The King (hall refufe his fanttion to the Dccrees, whose
preamble (hall not attcft the observance of the above forms ; if
any of those Dccrees be fan&ioned, the Ministers (hall neither put
to it the seal, nor promulgate it, and their responsibility in this
refpfft (hall continue fix years:
XI. Excepting f r om these regulations, Decrees recognized,
and declared urgent by a previous deliberation of the Legislative
Body ; but they may be modified orj revoked, in the course of
the fame feflion.
SECTION II r
OF THE ROYAL SANCTION.
I. The Decrees of the Legiflacive Body are presented to the
King, who may refufc them his aflent.
11. In the cafe of a refnfalof the Royal A (Tent, that refufal is only
suspensive. When the two following Legislatures lhall fuccefiiue
ly present the fame Decree in the fame terms in which it was ori
ginally conceived, the King (hall be deemed to have given his
fanftion.
111. The assent of the King is exprefTed to each Decree, by the
following formula, signed by the King : " The King consents,
and will cause it to be executed
The suspensive refufal is thus expressed ; The King will ex
amine,
IV. The King is bound to cxprefs his aflent or refufal to rach
Decree within two months;after that period, his ftlence is deem
ed a refufal.
V. No dccree to which the King has refuffd his assent, can be
presented to him by the fame Legiflatnre.
VI. The Legislative Body cannot insert in Decrees illative to
the eftablifhmcnt or continuance of impofls, any foreign
to that fubjcfl, nor prcfent, at the lame time, for fanaion, other
Decrces as infepatable.
VII. The decrees fanftioned by the Kin?. and those which have
been presented to him by three fucccflive legiflaturcs alone,
have the force, and bear the name and title of laws.
VIII. F.xcepting however from fanfiinn, those afls of the legis
lative body, which relate to i'.s conftitotion, as a deliberating
assembly ;
Its interior police ;
The verification ol the powers of the members ptefent ;
The injun&ions to the abfertt members ;
The convocation of the primary afTimblics in cafe of delay ;
201
SONNET.
C H A M O N T.
[Whole No. 255).]
The exercrfe of constitutional independence over the aaminiftra
tors ;
Queftion.sof eligibility on the validity of elections ;
Exempting likewise from fan&ion, a&s relative to the refponfibi-
Jity of ministers; and all decrees importing that there is ground
of accufaiion.
SECTION IV.
Connexion of the Legislative Body zuith the King.
I. When the Legislative Body is definitively conllituted, it (hall
fend a deputation to inform the King. The King may every vear
open the Session, andj propose the objects, which, during its con
tinuance, he thinks ought to be taken into confiderar.on ; this
form, however, is not to be considered as neccffary to the a&ivity
of the Legislative Body.
11. When the Legislative Body wiflies to adjourn longer than
fifteen days, it is bound to inform the King, by a Deputation, at
least eight days previous to the adjournment.
111. Eight days, at lcaft, before the end of each Seflion, the
Legislative Budy shall fend a Deputation to the King, to announce
to h,m the day on which it proposes to terminate its fittings ; the
King may come in order to cloie the Sellion.
IV. II the King find it of importance to the welfare of the State,
that the Seflion be contiuued, or that the adjournment be put off,
or take place only for a shorter time, he may fend a ineffage to
thisefFtft, on which the Legislative Body is bound to deliberate.
V. The King (hall convoke the Legislative Body during the in
terval of its Seflion, as often as the interrft of the State shall ap
pear to him to require it, as well as in those cases which the Le
gislative Body have forefeen and determined previous to their
adjournment.
VI. Whenever the King (ball visit the place of meeting of the
Legislative Body, he (hall be received, and conduced back by a
deputation ; he cannot be accompanied into the inner part of the
Hall by any except Ministers.
VII. The President can in no cafe form part of a Deputation.
VIII. The Legislative Body (hall cease to be a Deliberating
Body whilst the King shall be preferit.
IX. The a£ts of correspondence of the King with the Legiflj
tive Body, (hall be always connterfigned by a Minifler.
X. The Ministers of the King shall have admiflion into the
Legislative National Aflembly, they (hall have a particular place ;
they shall be heard on all the fubje&s on which they demand a
hearing, and as often as they (half be called upon to give expla
nations.
CHAPTER IV.
Of the Exercises of the Executive power.
I. The Supreme Executive power resides exclusively in the
hands of the King :
The King is the Supreme Head of the general adminiftrarion of
the kingdom ; the carcof watching over the maintenance oi pub
lic order and tranquility is entrusted to him :
The King is the Supreme Head of all the land and fca forces
To the King is delegated all the care of watching over the exte
rior security of the kingdom, and of maintaining its rights and
pofleflions.
11. The King names AmbaflTadors and the other agents of po
litical negociations ; He bestows the command of armies and
fleets, and the ranks of Mar(hal of France and Admirals ;
He names two-thirds of the Rear-Admirals, one half of the
Lieutenant-Generals, Camp-Marflials, Captains of (hips, and Co
lonels of the National Gendarmerie ;
He names a third of the Colonels and Lieutenant-Colonels, and
a sixth of the Lieutenants of ships ;
The whole in conformity to the laws with refpeft to promotion.
Heappoints in the Civil Administration of the Marine, the Di
rectors, the Comptrollers, the Treasurers of the Arsenals, the Mas
ters of the Works, the Under-Mafters of Civil Buildings, half of
the Matters of Administration, and of the Under-Mafters of Con
ftru6lion ;
He appaints the Commi(Taries of the tribunals ;
He appoints the Commiflioners of the National treafuiy, and
:heSuperintendants in Chief ofthe management of Contributions
indirect;
He superintends the coinage of money, and appoints the Officers
entrusted with this fuperintcndance in the General Comm.flion
and the Mints ;
The effigy of the King is struck on all the coinage of the king
dom.
111. The King orders Letters Patent, B.evets, and commil
fions to be delivered to all the public Officers that ought to re
ceive them.
IV. The King orders a lift of pensions and gratifications to be
made out for the purpose of being prcfented to the Legislative Body
each Seflion. ,
SECTION I.
OJ the Promulgation of Laws.
I. The executive power is entrusted with ordering the fcal of
State to be put to laws, and causing them to be promulgated.
11. Twocopiesof each law (ball be made, both signed by the
King, countcrfigned by the Minister of Jufticc, and sealed with
the leal of the State ;
The one (hall be deposited in the archives of the fcal, and the
other (kail be sent lo the archives of the legislative body.
111. The promulgation of laws lhall be in these terms :
" N. (the King's name) by the Graec of God, and the confti
tutiona! law of the State, King of the French, to all prt-fent and
to come, greeting. The National AfTembly has decreed, and we
will and ordain as follows :
[Here a literal copy oj the decree Jhall U infer ted without any va
riation.^
i* We command and ordain to all administrative bodies and
courts ofjuftice, to cause these presents to be tranferibed on th<-ir
regiftrrs, read, publifhcd, and polled up in their departments,
and refprftivc places of resort, and executed as a law of the realm';
in witness of which, we have signed these presents, to which we
have cn 11 I d ihe seal of the State to be put."
IV. If the King is a minor, laws, proclamations, and other
afls proceeding from the royal anthority during the regency, (hall
be conceived in these terms :
" N. (the name of the regent) regent of ihe kingdom, in the
name of N\ (the King'sname) by thegrace of God, ar.d the con
flitutional law of the State, King of the French," &c.
V. The executive power is bound to fend the laws to th« ad
miniftraiive bodies and courts of justice, to fee that they arc so
sent, and to answer for it to the legislative body.
VI. The executive power cannot make any law, not even pro
visional, but merely proclamations, conformable to the laws, !•
ordain or enforcc the execution.
(To ic continued.)