PUBLISHED WEDNESDAYS AND SATURDAYS LY 7OHM HSVKn v c =
J UHN TENAO, No. 69, HIGH-STREET, BETWEEN SECOND AND THIRD. STREETS, PHII. A DELPHI A
[No. 49, of Vol. lII.]
FROM THE QUEBEC HERALD.
AGRICULTURE,
Experiment todetermine whether itisbrfl to plant Urge or fmatl cuttings
of Potatoes ; in a letter from the Rev. Mr. Cochran to the Secret n \
of the Agriculture Society Jor the County of Hants, dated Wind/or
(Nova-Scotia) February 12, 1791.
6 I R,
TN the Nova-Scotia Magazine, J for Dec. 178 c), there appear-
X ed some extiu&s from an EfiTay on Potatoes, publilhed anions
the papers of the Bath Agricultural Society, tor 1788. In thefc
a prodigious difference is noticed, between the produce from large
ciii rings and that from small, in favor of large ones, as nine to one.
That a considerable difference of produce might elcape the ob
servation of mere practical farmers, who seldom make compara
tive experiments, is readily to be supposed, and that, therefore,
it might still be a disputed point amongst them, whether large or
i'mall cuttings are most profitable, as the author who relates those
experiments asserts it is, and as we know it to be here : But we
can hardly suppose that any farmer, who should fee one acre in
his neighborhood's field produce as much as nine in his own,
would continue inattentive to the advantage of using larger feed.
In the extracts, where this amazing disproportion of produce
is mentioned, it is not stated what proportion the cuttings, uled
in the one and in the other cale, bore to each other. Probably
1 here was a greater difference than between those which are com
monly used here. However if the lofsby planting Imall cuttings
ihoulc! only be one half, or even one fourth part of that mention
ed above, still it would be an objtft highly deferviug the atten
tion of farmers. I thought therefore, it might be a u!eful experi
ment, to try two or three different sizes of cuttings, near to those
nfually planted in this neighboihood, and to mark the difference
of produce, if anv. /
For ihts purpose, in the second week June last, I took an equal'
number of cuttings, of three different fr/.es ; the largest (No. i.);
"were somewhat larger than thole ulually planted here. The fe
rond size, which I (ball call No. 2, was lets than one half of No.
The third size (No. 3.) was about one thud of No. 2.*
I planted 100 hills with each size, four cuttings in each hill.
The land, manure, and cultivation as nearly alike as 1 could
make them.
From the firft appearance of 1 lie* plants a striking difference,
in favor of the largest size, was obfcrvable. Many of the hills from
No. 1. had ten, twelve, or fourteen (talks, ilrong and healthy.
Those from No. 2. much fewer and weaker. Those from No. 3,
in many instances had not more than four stalks, and those I mall
and feeble. The difference, though still veiy perceptible, was
not so great towards the end of the fuinmer, as at the beginning.
In the beginning of November they wac all taken up and ihc
pioduce weighed
No. 1. produced 2 8o!bs.
No. 2. 2/ioi
No. 3. 168
The medium weight of a bulhcl, upon fcyeral trials, was found
obe 611 b. Therefore the produceof No. : was something above
our hulhels and a half; and xhe difference between No. i. and
No. 3. nearly two bushel. This is very considerable. If an acre,
planted with cut'.iugs such as No. 1. would produce 200 bushels
by planting such as No. 3. the farmer will lose 80 bushels. In
iour acies the loss will be 320 bushels; in eight acres, which ma
ny farmers plant in a season, it will be 650 bushels !
I ain informed, that some farmers in the province plant only
ibe eyes of their potatoes, and give the reft lo iheir cattle or hogs.
AVith tbefe the loss tnuft be Oill greater.
I defigri to pursue the fiibitfct farther, and may hereafter com
municate the result to vhe Society. Meanwhile, ■with the greatcft
icfpe£t for you and them
1 remain, Sir, your most obedient,
And moil humble Itrvant,
WILLIAM COCHRAN
+ {' ol - t">gc 454-
* The cuttings oj each size mere weighed, and the weight voted at
the time of planting, but the memorandum has been mislaid. However,
01 though I cannot recollett the absolute zveight } lam tertuin the propor
tion to each other was, very nearly, as above.
A PUN
IT is said that one charatfteiiilic of a pun is,
that it cannot be iranfliAted. —The following is an
inffauce of a pun, which, i£ not u anflated, is no
uun.
Harry Erlkine, the Selwyn of Edinburgh, puz
zled the little wits of his acquaintance, by in
icribiug on a t(a-chej}, the woids
TV D O C E S !
It was some time before they found out that
ii>e wit of this lies in the literal translation—
Til O U TKAC HE S T !
Another, something different, is to be seen on
an old fun •dial, in a village 111 Kent.
T lie iufciiptioji is, " we shall !"—On en
quiring ofa rustic wit in the neighbourhood, hr
informed us that the sentence is to be completed
lllUS: WE EHAI.L PI-ALL!
EXTRACT
MEN ate qualified for civil liberty, iti exatft
proportion to their difpofirion to put moral
chains upon their own appetites ; in proportion
as their lose to jullice a.e above their rapacity ;
in proportion as ihcir foundiiels and lobi ietv of
under Handing is above their vanity and prefum
tioti ; in proportion as liiev are more disposed
to lii'len to the connfels of the wife and good,
in preference to the flattery of knaves. Society
cannot exist, unless a controuliug power upon
will and appetite he placed somewhere ; and
'lie less of it there is within, the more there mull
be witluut. It is ordained in the eternal con
uitutioit of things, that men of intemperate
minds cannot be iVec. Their pallions forge
their letters.
Saturday, October 15, 1791.
FOR THE GAZETTE OF THE UNITED STATES.
A RURAL SCENE,
IN ESSEX COUNTY, NEW-JERSEY
Written May 1789.
HERE Natuie's beauiiescaptivate the fight,
And fill the bolom with refin'd delight—
Extenfivc landscapes, dreik in vivid green,
And trees and bloifoms beau ifv tht* scene—
While fragrance wantons in t!. • (welling gales,
And woodland music echoes thro the vales—
And crystal rills meandering purl along,
Heightening the concert of the woodland song.
Enamelled meadi, with growing verdure bright,
And lawns, and toreftsopen on the light—
Where ileeds, and herds, and flocks commixing rove,
Or graze the plain, or browfe.ihe leafy grove.
Here hills and vallies, clothed with verdant grain,
In waving grandeur imitate the' main.
Fur Newark there ereds her loiry pnide—
Where science, art, and industry rcfide.
Hail, feat of friendlhip, focia' joy, and health,
Refinement, virtut, competence and wealth —
Whose growing ilru&ures opening to the day,
Genius and taiVe, and elegance dilplay.
Here bending orchards, and the fertile field,
A copious increaie to the fanner yield—
For smiling pleniy triumphs o'er the foil,
And amply pays the cultivator'j^toil.
The mild PaJJaic winding by thy fide,
I.ures social commerce np its glalTy tide-*--
" No watery gleams thro' happier vallies shine,
" Nor drinks the sea a lovelier wave than thine.*''
A lofty mountain rising on the right,
Unfolds fublimer profne£ts to ihe fight—
From whole majcftic summit; veil'd in blue,
>Ws folendid turrets dimly rife to view,
FROM THE NLty-YORH DAILY ADVERTISER.
ADVICE TO COUNTRY TAVERN KEEPERS.
AS a great deal of custom is neceflaay to make good markets
and good inns, and as there is but little travelling, except on
public roads, the question is, how shall travellers on private roads,
where there i{. but little travelling, make provision; for entertain
ing gentlemen well, without futtering great losses. 1 i'peak not
of provision for Country people, tor these are willing to take ci
der and pot-luck, or ihecommon faie of the taverner's own fa
mily { but 1 speak of provision for people who have been accuf
torried to a city life and betjer cpok errand liquors. It appeajs tome
that provision fdTihe Tatter may be made, wfth on f~n ee dl et y~-w ast e.
You cannot, for example, buy a pipe of Madeira wine of the
firft qualit)—but you can keep a gallon or two for many months,
and when gentlemen find aglafsof good wine in the country, they
are willing to give a good price tor it. But I would recommend
it to you to be more careful in the choice of }our wine. Few ot
you are judges of wine ; and wh-n you purcliafe, the wine fellers
turn you oft with any adulterated mixture they please. After a
great number of experiments, I can fafely declare, that nine times
out of ten, the wine 1 have called foi in Country Taverns has been
a mixture of Cider, Molasses. and a little real wine; or brandy
and wine, and not unfrequently with a strong tincture of Sugar of
lead. Such mixtures pass, in the country, tor Malaga, or other
sweet wine. To avoid impositions in purchasing wine, get some
gentleman who has always been used to wine to choose it for you,
and keep a little of the bejl quality lor such passengers as are v illing
to nav for it.
With refpe& to spirits, the fame advice is necessary ; but of the
quality of fpiiits you are better judges, and therefore lets liable to
imposition. Keep alio a little of the best kind of teas, as Hyfou,
Gunpowder, or Souchong; and good loaf Sugar. A small quan
tity of each will serve you for perhaps five or fix months. Moll
paffaigirs will not want these articles; they will not be able or
willing to Day for them, but a few will wish for them, because
they have always been accustomed to them : and you must make
a difference of piice between a breakfaft or supper of Bohea tea
and fryed pork, and one of hyson tea and loaf sugar.
With refpeft to meat, there is no difficulty, if you will have a
little forefight, You cannot indeed hive frefh meat every day,
and gentlemen do not like boiled pork and cabbage, cooked and
diflicd together. But if you will every winter provide a number
of good hams and bctj's tongues, vou may, in the warmest weaihei,
fpiead a table that no gentleman will find fault with.
In cooking take a word of advice. Use the Gridiron inflead
of ihe Frying pan. Do not road or broil meat until it is as dry
and tough as foal-leather. Meat slightly done, is both more pa
latable and more healthy. Do not boil meat and vegetables to
gether, unless you pur the vegetables in a bag. Do not bring
upon table different kinds of meat in the fame dilh ; nor meat
and vegetables in the fame di(h. Lrteach be brought on in a fe
paratedilh. Do not kill a fowl and put it warm over the fire.
A fowl is tough and good for nothing, unless it has been killed
24, or at lealt 12 hours. When vou bring on liquors, endeavor
to give every one a separate glass. If you have not enough in
the lioufe, you will be excused ; but gentlemen do like not that
all the company fhotild drink out ol the fame glass.
Endeavor to accommodate different companies with different
rooms. Nothing is more disagreeable than to croud a number of
strangers into the fame room ; or to oblige travellers to fit down
with grog drinkers in ihebar room ; furnifh yourselves if possible
with beds enough to give every lodger one to hiinlclf. It is a
monflrous indecent, as well as -infate prattice for perlons, per
haps total strangers, to deep 111 the fame bed. It is an affront to
a man to request it. And a word to you about keeping your beds
clean : Gi\e every decent man a decent bed. Every one ought
to have clean frefli (beets—it is an imposition to ask a man to lay
on (beets, that have before been slept in by you know not who ;
you fav, it is a great trouble ; very well, then make your lodgers
pay for the trouble. Thofewho expert clean beds are willing to
pavforthem. In the hot months, talte special care that the beds
are not infefled with bugs. This is an article of advice verv 11c
refiarv for many of you. It is a filthy infamous negligence which
fufftrs these animals to trouble your lodgers. Nothing is more
ortcnfive to travelers, and nothing docs more toward injuring the
reputation of a tavern.
I trufl you will take these hints in good part ; for they are
meant for your benefit, as well as for those who travel.
I am, your ftiend
193
C .
P. Q.
&Hso
[Whole No. 257.]
ALGIER S, July 15
BABA Mahomet, Dey of Algiers, died the 12th
iiiftant, in consequence of a dy fernery, ac
the age of 80 years, and 111 the 25th of his reigiii
Cid Hnfiiui, his prime ininifter, a man about 50,
was immediately proclaimed by the militia, and
the election was made withouc tuviult. The
three firft officers of the Regency had each pre
tentions to the sovereignty, but they very wil
lingly refigtied them, and were permitted to pay
their reipeifts to the new Dey. One of the thrde,
the onlyaga of the Spahis, was arretted and tak
en into cuitody the moment they were gonig to
enter the palace. His rival ordered, him to be
banilhed to a fort twelve miles from the capital,
and confifcated his estates.
The reign of Baba Mahomet was remarkable
for its brilliancy, utility, and tranquility. It is
to be hoped that that of Cid Hafl'an, who appears
to be favorably disposed towards France, will not
be less glorious. He fee ins eager 10 ratify the
capitulations.
RAT I 4 S JB ON, Augufl 9.
The majority of v&tes at the Di?c was decided
ly for force hying* eiVployed againlt France j but
as in this majority tht'r.e are some states which
cannot properly be reckoned in the number of
the powers, there can be uo doubt that the
will be lent to yienna by the principal.Commit
fioner, the-Prince de la our et Taxis, withpro
pol'aJs to open the negociations in form.
LISBON, August 2
The like apprehensions which have long been
entertained by the Court of Spain, of a revolu
tion in that country, at present pervade the
breads of ourMiniltry : several decrees, intend
ed for the fuppreflion of public meetings of al
molt every description, have been lately ifl'ucd,
but ihey are cil ' ued to ferment, rather than
suppress any willi in the Portuguese to effedt a
revolution.
PARIS, August 17
The exiled Princes, feeing the impossibility of
proceeding by means of force, have had recourse
to ncgociatiou ; bur tiie dull proceedings of an
Imperial Diet, will but ill accord with the mercu
rial disposition of this country.
The laws begin to operate with dispatch and
uniformity. The Provisional Tribunal of the
High Court of Orleans liusjuft di (charged the
famous Arillocratic Tl'ouard, commonly called
Riolle, for want of evidence of his criminality.
The Club of the Jacobins has received l'ome
very conliderable additions in point of numbers
ami refpetftabiliiy of late.—Many more of the
Deputies to the AfTeinbly have joined it. Among
the number are M. d'Orleans and his son.
The people in Paris are now inofl seriously a
larined, and begin to exclaim againfl the Minis
ters for not having the frontiers in a ftateof de
fence. Notwitliltanding all the boalling in the
National Allembly, a foreign army may mardi
into the kingdom almolt un-oppofed. An im
mense body of men have arms in their hands,but
few of them know how to use thein.
At Neuilly, clofeto Paris, a noifturnal Aflem
bly is held, of Chevaliers ofSt. Louis, refractory
Officers, and other friends to the King. These
cabals and preparations, mull certainly lead to
something serious, and before the present month
is at an end, what that is will appear.
NATIONAL ASSEMBLY.
August 16.
M. Deleflart, in the name of the Minister of
the Marine, informed the Allembly of the death
of the Dey of Algiers, and of the amicable dis
position of his fucceflbr towards France, as he had
requelted that the ambaflador who was to an
nounce his inauguration to the Porte, mighc be
cotulutled by a frigate of their nation.
The Afl'embly authorised the Minister ot the
Marine to withdraw one of their frigates station
ed at Corsica, and to employ it on this fcrvice.
/}:< guff 30. A report was read from one of the
coininilfioners sent into the departments of the
Upper and Lower Rhine, dating that that part
of the frontiers was in a very relpetftable state of
defence, and that the reports of war, which had
been so industriously circulated throughout the
kingdom, arc not to be credited.