by game, to destroy and eat np the bounty of
providence. " All this," laid a joyful farmer, in
tne neighbourhood of Montreuil —" all this Mon
lieur is destined to the use of man—What a Re
volution is this ! We (hall reap what we sow."
A under the titfe of
by a Society of Republicans, has made its appear
ance,in the firft number of which isaletter from
Mr. Paine.
LETTER from M. Rocderer, a celebrated Patriot,
to M. Bouille.
" I received yellerday, Sir, a packet with tlie
poll-mark of Luxembourg, sealed vvitl) your
arms, containing a printed copy of your letter to
the National Allembly. I flatter myfelf that in
iranfmitting this letter to me, you wish to indi
cate that 1 am personally intereiled in the insults
which it contains, and 1 thank you accordingly.
" Perhaps you may recolledt a conversation
which we had together at Metz, during the epoch
of the Revolution. 1 was then at the head of the
Patriotic Party, and you were commandant of
that place. The citizens diflrufted you ; they
were afraid lett you lhould invite the King, and
those courtiers whom the Revolution had con
demned to the punishment of equality, within
their walls. You were at that time the cause of
a continual fermentation, but you were taught
to know (how much havejou (ince forgot this
ul'eful leilon !) that your cannon wereol'no avail
against the eternal batteries of reason, which
fiom the Priuting-houfe as Laudouiu, began to
humble all the supporters of Tyranny and of Ty
rants, and which, be allured, will continue to
humble them, to whatever distance they may re
treat, or within whatever citadel they may en
trench themselves.
" Penetrated with these truths, so humiliating
to you, you then waited on me and alked methis
question—" Do you think that the public wel
fare, demands that 1 fhoiild give up my command !
If you do, I am ready to give in my resignati
on." " If the fugitives," J replied, " intend
to rally in this country ; if the King intends to
to take refuge here ; if Metz is destined to be
come the cradle of a Civil War, I with you were
a thoufarid leagues distant. But on the contrary,
if the King ihould adhere to the Conltitutiort, if
the fugitives difperled throughout the world are
content to ac r t thepart of Knights-Errant, I (hall
be-very happy to fee in the chief garrifan of our
frontiers.a General like-you, who has gained the
attachment of thefoldiery, and is capable of en\
forcing obedience at home and iefpe(ft abroadv'\
" Your reply to me was a memorable
lam able to recapitulate it exactly —I give yon
my"word of honor, toeujorce the Decrees of the Na
tional A[feml>!y with my utmoj/ power, whether 1 ap~
prove them or not ; 1a!fo pledge my word oj honor,
never to involve my country in a Givil-War.
" Perhaps this couverfation has been recol
lected by you firrce vour arrival at Luxembourg ;
you may have been afraid lelt one of the -words
of honor which you have betrayed Ihould be for
gotten, and you have undoubtedly addrefied your
letter tome, for fear that this claim to public
infamy /hould lofe.lis just reward.
" If this is your motive, Sir, 1 doubly thank
you for your correspondence.
" For some time part, Philosophy has laboured
to diihonour honour, and to elevate Virtue in its
room. Louis XVI. and you have at one and the
fame time rendered this i'crvice to the nation,and
have advanced the morals of mankind at leaf!
half a century nearer perfection.
"In fine,l hope thai public opinion and the laws
will no longer confine themselves to fmts of chi
valry and wards of honor, as neceflary titles for
public employments : but that they will also in
lift 011 proofs of virtue and atfts of patriotism:
(Signed) " ROEDERER,
" Jeputy to the National Aflemb'y."
NATIONAL ASSEMBLY, July 7.
The President.—" 1 have received a commu
nication from the King."
" Mr. Prefidetu,
" I fend you a note, which I request you to
read to the National Afl'embly."
" GEN-tlemrn,
" I AM informed that several officers, gone
into foreign countries, have, by circular letters,
invited the soldiers of the regiments to which
they belong, to quit the kingdom to join them ;
and that as an inducement, they protnife to ad
vance them ; by virtue of full powers, directly
or indireiftly, flowing from me, 1 think it my du
ty to give a forma] contradiction to these afler
tions, and to repeat my former declaration, that
in leaving Paris I had 110 intention but to go to
JVlontmedi, and there to make to the National
Affdmbly such representations as I thought ne
ceJaryj on the difficulties experienced in the ex
ecution of the laws, and of the adminiltration of
the kingdom. 1 declare pofnively, that all per
lons who (ay they have received such powers
from me, are g'lilry of a mod culpable impo
sition.
(Signed)
Ordered to be entered in the proceedings
JULY 12.
Decreed, that 130,000 livres hitherto paid an
nually to the Pope, and the annual rent paid to
the Apostolic Chamber of Avignon, (hall cease to
be paid, from the ift of April, 1 79 1 *
The Call of the All'embly wa&in the morning ;
bv which.it appears that the number of members
present was 1029. The number ot thole who are
dead, or absent with or without leave, &c. or who
have resigned, is 132.
Read a'letter from Pondicherry, giving in.-
formation that Tippoo had ravaged the country
as far as the walls of Madras ; but thac he had
1110 ft carefully spared the French and their pro
perty, and that the French Flag, wherever dis
played, had been the means of preserving those
vrho had hoilted it.
July 14. M. de Liancourt attended the tri
bune, and drew a uioft lively and animated pic
ture of the prefenc situation of France. He de
clared that he would deliver bis opinion with all
the courage of a man who is free and indepen
dent. He said, that to oppose the inviolability
of the king, yvould be to overturn the conftituti
-011. " A king who is not inviolable, (fays he)
cannot be ail hereditary king, but a king of a day."
Whether the king in his flight, be considered
as a king, or a simple citizen, his person is invio
lable.
One thin" is wanting to onr revolution ; that
is the liberty of the king. To complete the con
ititution, it was jieceflary that the King, at a dil
tatice from Paris, might be enabled to re&ify all
defecfts, and afterwards come back to his capital
with all the dignity of a man who forms an inte
gral part ofthe constitution.
Arc then measures, adopted with that salutary
view, to be thought criminal ?
M. de Liaticourt then observed, that previously
to the sth of Ocftober, the king had not any thing
to do with the declaration of rights.
His next attempt was to juftify the declaration
which the king had left behind him when he left
Paris. He spoke highly in praise of the king's
personal integrity, of his love of justice, of his
fondnefs for his people, and of his endeavours
to rectify all kinds of abuses.
Tlie king, fays he, is no longer a king, except
for those who have the courage *udefpife all fac
tious people.—The king is attacked, but through
him it is that royalty is intended to be deftroyedc
It is by the fall of one that foine seditious people
hope to be on a level. His concluflons were that
the projert of the committees ought to be adopted.
M. de Lialicourt was mod virulently attacked
'Jjy'M. Ricard, whose arguments solely confiftecf
personal reflections.
• M. de Liancourt's answer was that of a gentle
man.
M.Touftain de Tide asked if the King be not
liable to be tried, what methods the committees
would Adopt to prevent Louis XVI. from corrupt
ing, with his lift of thirty millions, as many peo
ple as he pleases. How, fays he, will it be pof
jible to prevent him from choosing another de
Calonne to be put at the head of the finances,
and another de Bouille to be at the head of an
army ?
M. Badier made a fpeerfi well becoming the
deplorable iituarion of a man who has a straight
waistcoat on. Of course it cannbt be worth re
peating. According to him, a perjured man, a
traitor, a parricide, a house-breaker, or a high
way man, are complete gentlemen, compared to
Louis XVI.
M. Montefquiou with great energy, defended
the King and the Monarchy, aful spoke with zeal
against the arguments of the wholfe republican
'phalanx.
M. Frngnon argued forcibly on the fame fide.
M. Roberfpierre watof a different opinion;
and his speech was much in the fame ftyleasthat
of M. Badier.
M. Duport delivered his sentiments in favottr
of the King, and in favor of monarchy, and his
arguments were irrefiltilvly conclusive. He very
ap ly alluded to the English constitution, of
which the king is the perpetual equilibrium.
The farther difcuflion of the fubjecft was at
length adjourned to the day following, which,
Vve may fafelv prophecy, was one of the mod tu
ni ul rno us of. all the noisy days since the aflembly
was felf-created.
From the very puny (late of health which the
Dauphin labors under it is not expe<fted that he
will live out hisa-pprenticelliip ; in cafe of death,
the Democrats will be gratified with their favor
ite fyflem, unless they should happen, by that
time, to go uito the other extreme, which is not
improbable.
1 he total of the subscription money for the
projected canal between Hereford and Glouces
ter, amounts to 80,0001.
It was very natural for the Prince of Wales to
set his face against the Revolution Dinner peo
ple. Those who rejoice at the demolition of a
crowned head in France, oh the principles of
" LOUIS."
166
LETTER FROM PONDICHERRY
LONDON, July iy.
Democracy, would make no Temple t 0
upon the Crown worn by a Britiffi So*erei»T
der the idea of Republicanism. Tbeir in 1
murdered Charles the First, and to this d»» v™
fuccellors January/in' k
of-tfie horrid regicide*thenxommittcd. CansT
men be called friends to the British Conftitß,- >
The conlternarion of Meffi s. Priestley p
and Co. at the refinance of the people to
trines of Repulilicanifm, is great indeed. E,° C *
shadow of hope is now departed, and w e
hear no more of the rights rtf man.
The Swediih Minitterat Poland,inconfequ«,
of having married a Polilh lady, has been hoßou'
ed with letters of indigenat, or naturalizatj 011
A camp is about to be formed in Poland to
prevent any attempt against the new conftitn'ti,,!
of that Kingdojn.
Mr. Humphreys, whose houle at the turnpike
was pulled down, offered the mob 4000 and as.
terwards 8000 guineas, if they would desist ; ], Bt '
they declared that money was not their obie6
and that they pulled down his house because tbev
considered hiin as a principal person concerned
in the inflammatory handbills. He is a principal
merchant in the town, and a gentleman much
esteemed in his private chararter.
To pay a compliment to the afties of Voltaire
is facrificing found sense to idle theory, and ido
latroufly worfliipping—" falfe doctrine, herefv
and fchifin."
Arillocratics and Miniflerialifb will, doubtless
be surprised when we draw against them a re!
mark (for which we rel'er thein to the immortal
LoCKF.in his Treatise on Civil Government)
made by James the Firit ; that king, so prodinj.
onfly attached to the prerogatives of royalty,and
who had himfelf endeavoured, in his writings to
consecrate this doctrine. " All kings, (he ob
serves) who do nor wifli to become tyrants, and
to experience the fate of tyiants, ought to keep
chemfelves under fnbmiffion to the laws. Who
soever maintains to the contrary, is a pest and a
viper,"
The condu&ofthe advocates for defpotifm,ky
calumniating with mifconftru&ions, asabfordas
they are atrocious, the natural exultation! of
freemen, when they perceive millions of their
fellow creatures gloriously emancipating then*,
selves frorp the (hackles of lawlefspower,remind*
us of the too just observation of Vohaife—" that
persons are always to be found who havenothing
in their composition which belongs to either the
age, or the country in whieh they exist.
America, though happy under her own free
Government, does not view the commotions in
Europe without much concern. Situated,.^ (he
is, in a sequestered corner of the earth, she
terniined to repose herfelf for a long while yet
to come in tranquillity, withaut meddling
the affairs of other nations. Peace and frient
(hip are all (he claims, and all (he delires. HeV
commerce is flourifhing, ahd her revenue Jawsftt
Well regulated, that at the close of the two firtf.
year's experience of her new conflitution, (he
found iir the public treasury, after deducting all
the current expences of Government, a million,!
towards discharging the National Debt.
In the fix departments of Brest, Toulon, Roch
fort, Bourdeaux, Havre and Dunkirk, there are
132,110 seamen.
The Clergy of Spain have much more reason
to dread a Revolution than the King. Their re
venues and their power are exorbitant. Many of
the antient nobility have long viewed the over
bearing influence of the Church with an evil ejt,
and should his Majesty be disposed to imitate the
illuftrioua example of the King of Poland; he
might, in conjun<siion with his molt enlightening
nobles, effect a reform of the Government, which
would at once secure to him the gratitude an
affection of his people, and as great a degree of
power as a good King would desire to „
Poland, patriotically inattentive to the buttle
of Europe around her, pursues the'completion 0
the mod wonderful revolution ever produced y
the concurring a (lent ofan awakened people, wi>
a philosophical ivnanipiity. , .
Sir John Sinclair has found, that the m«r«ie
of inhabitants over all Scotland, within the t
forty vears. notwithstanding wars, emigratio ,
&c. is'little short of half a million of peop'f
parishes, which in 1755 contained 10,59 1
tants, in 1790 contained 25,249, an incre
8668.
LIVERPOOL, July x 6,
The man who overftepstheg geni us' ° f h 'V£e
whether it be a statesman, who has the co
and virtue? to break through the rimpa" °
pillar and ancient prejudices, cemente W
felf jnterefl. of those who profit by ' e
or the philosopher, who by his di cove ft
tens the progressive improvement or
mind ; or the moralist, who by some JTrrnpt
fort of genius is able to stem the tide o j:
ed manners, and turn it into P ur f r ° jjmes,
carries with hini his exigence nit" " " e [, t i
and becomes one of the links often unp
of the great chain of causes and ette
the moral world is suspended.