rd all the Representatives (landing, and holding
up'their hands towards heaven, shall pronounce
i„ ,he name of the people of France, t.,e oath,
Tn live free or die. , .
Each Deputy Ihall then individually take the
oath 10 the nation in the pretence ofthe Allen
bly, to maintain to the unnoft ot his power il
Conllitotion of the kingdom, decreed by the Na
tional Aflembly during the years I 789, I 79°> ®" 1
1 701, and accepted by King Louis XVI. to nei
ther propole nor approve any thinginthe course
of the legiflatu*, which may be contrary to the
spirit of it, and .0 be in every thing faithful o
the Nation, the Law, and the King. ne 01
shall be pronounced by the Prefldent, and each
Representative appearing at the Tribune, (li
lav, " 1 I'wear it." ,
The queftioh, whether the king (hould o.
should not be empowered to diflolve the Legisla
ture, was then taken into confederation.
M Thouret moved, that the King shall not be
empowered to dissolve the Legiilative bodies.
M. de Foucauld propoled as an amendment,
that the word not ihotild be left out ; which al
teration, after Tome warm debate, was adopted.
May 24. The affair of Avignon was again
brought on the tapis, and, as before, it occahon
ed a very noisy debate. The re-union of this
country to France was again rejected.
LONDON, May 6.
Lord Grenville received the seals of office, as
principal Secretary of State for the Foreign De
partraent, on Sunday lalt; notice of which has
been sent to all the Foreign Minilters ; and in
consequence, his fxrft levee was held attheSecie
tary of State's office, Whitehall, when there xvas
~a full meeting of Foreign Ministers.
Another group of foreigners of diftint'lion are
just arrived in London, in consequence of fiefli
disturbances at Paris.
On the 28th ult. the Senate of the University
of Glasgow conferred the honorary degree of
Do<ftor in Laws 011 W. Wilberforce, Esq. Mem
ber of Parliament for Yorkshire, as a mark of the
elteem which thatUniverfity entertains'of his cha
racter and abilities, and in particular of their
high approbation of his exertions for the aboli
tion of the African Slave Trade.
M. de Combs, Secretary to M. tie Mirabeau, has
developed the cause of his laying violent hands
on himfelf, being occasioned, as he affirms, by his
excessive grief at the loss of his benefactor. His
honor, integrity, and attachment to his patron,
have been loudly piaifed by several of M. de Mi
rabeau's friends.
The letter from the French King to his Am
bassadors at Foreign Courts, is written with a
franknefs, a nobleness, and an energy, that does
credit to the sincerity of the Monarch. His Ma
jesty declares that he will cherilh, love, and de
fend the constitution ; he recognises the sove
reignty of the People ; he acknowledges that he
derives his powers from them ; he thinks it ho
norable to be the firft Magistrate in the State; in
fine he speaks like the King of a Free People.
The President of the National Aflembly was
frequently interrupted while reading this letter,
by repeated acclamations of i?tve le Rot! which
resounded from the patriotic fide of the hall,
while the ariftocratical party, overwhelmed with
ihame and confufion, remained in silence.
The accounts from Paris of the latell date d -
scribe the conduct of the fifli-women as uncom
monly liceniious, particularly towards the re
ligious orders of female devotees ; this is sup
posed to have arisen from the objection taken to
thoffe priests who confefs the King without tak
ing the oath to the constitution.
A general alarm has arisen among!! the coun
try innkeepers, in consequence of Sir Harry Fea
therftonehaugh's new travelling carriage, which
is so contrived as to answer the purpose not only
of a bed chamber, but an eating room, and in the
feats are cupboards ingeniously contrived to con
tain provisions and wine.
The Empress has a Scotch physician, who reads
regularly the chief London papers to her ; parti-
culaily the debates in Parliament. She has in
the apartment where these are read, paintings or
engravings of our mod celebrated speakers—and
knows the politics of the country as well as our
Senators
Preparations are making at Portsmouth for the
reception of the Royal. Family ; the whole of
whom, we understand, intend being present at
the review of the fleet on the Bth day of June
next, at Spithead.
May 26. It was the opinion universally re
ceived at Vienna, that the Ruffians will reach
C'onllantinople before the end of summer.
Mr. who has for many years of
fered a present of ten thousand pounds to any
]>eifon purchasing his brewery at a fair estimati
on, has at length found cuftomqcs for ir. A com
pany of persons have bought it, at the price of
four hundred and fifty thousand pounds.
T'ne French Eafl-Indiaman, named the Consti
tution, lately arrived at L'Orient, brings advice,
that the Spaniards, availing themselves of the
102
dereliction or interruption of the tur Trade
from Nootka Sound, on the part of the Engl.fii
had indultrioufly collected furs, and transported
ilie'ii 10 China ; where they were bought with
such avidity, that the nett Jiiofiis of He adven
ture are calculated at ioo.oool. sterling. His
Catholic Majesty, apprised of the benefits that
would arile from this trade, had taken it into
his own hands, and declared that the commerce
from No'.tka and its environs should thenceforth
he carried on by Government only.
Lalt Thursday, John Gill, aged 65, and Ri
chard Gill, aged 25, were found fuffocaced in a
Lime Kiln near Halbanton, Devon. Ihe father
went down to open a vent in the k:!n, and find-
himfelf faint by the (tench of the culm, call
ed°to his son for help, who immediately went to
preserve his father,and was fuffocated with hint ;
both ware found dead 011 each other. The (on
has left a widow with three children, and preg
nant with a fourth. I hey both bore the cha
racter of lioneft men.
Letters have been received in town from Bo
tany Bay, which contain the mod favorable ac
counts from that infant colony.
The natives, by kind treatment, had been ren
dered perfectly docile, and had in a great dgree
been incorporated with the Colony.
May It is confidently said, that unless the
prayer of Mr. Haftings's petition to the Lords
(hould be granted, he will on Thursday plead
guilty to ; he charges agninft him, and pray their
Lord (hip's judgment thereon, after being heard
in mitigation of the lame.
An American fleet arrived at Cadiz the sth of
this month , and forty we are to fee that the
States enjoy more fatisfatftion from their com
merce with any other country than Great-Britain.
The King of the French has been graciously
pleased to liberate thirteen women who had been
condemned to perpetual imprison ment in La Sal
petriere, one of whom had been there 54 years.
Mr. Hope, jun. of Amsterdam, the head of the
firft mercantile firm in Europe, is at present in
Dublin. He purpoles ro make the tour of Ire
land, and the Lake of Killarney will engage his
particular attention.
There now is, or was a very few years since,
in the Workhouse of Rotherhi;he, an old watch-
man, whore employment, from the time he was
thirty-eight years of age, until he was ninety-fix,
was to cry the hour. In his ninery-feventh year
his limbs refuted their office, he grew rheumatic,
and being unable to do his nocturnal duty, was
taken into the Workhouse, where he had a little
room and a bed allolted 10 his use. His
early habits adhered hjm :he could not sleep
much in the night, nor could he walk at all, but
he slept all d.ay, and in general waked about nine
o'clock. Though his legs had failed him, his
voice had not, and at ten he invariably cried the
hour, at eleven he cried the hour, and at twelve,
&c. &c. &c. he cried the hour, adding, sometimes
a star light, sometimes a cloudy, and fometiines
a rainy morning. This was at fir ft irksome to
the other inmates, bin in time they got habitu
ated to the founds, and slept through all the old
fellow's noise in the night, as he slept amidst all
their disturbances in the day.
Extratt of a letter from Paris, May J.
" In the late debate in the National AfTembly,
whether,or nor, Avignon and theComtat-Venaiilin
(hould be considered as parts of the French em
pire ? M. de Clermont-Tonnerre, well known
as being the leader of the Monarchical Club, ar
gued strongly in opposition to those who wi/hed
that the National Aflembly /hould declare A
vignon and the Comtat Venailiin provinces of
France : the mob were of a contrary opinion,
it was their supreme will that France (hould adr
that department to her pofieffions "perfas et w
fas." •
" On Thursday, as he came out of the Aflem
bly, some of the mob, who conftamly surround
the gates, accosted him with abufc, which lie was
weak enough to return. He was fuffered to
reach his house, but had not been there above
half an hour before his gates were forced, and
he dragged out with the cry of ala lanterns. In
a tew minutes a halcer was placed around his
neck, and he would have been instantly hanged
if Madame de la Tonnerre had not thrown her
felf round him, intreating permilfion to take a
last farewel ofher hulbaud.
" Some of the mob were affedted by her fears,
and while the execution of their purpose, was
thus, for a few minutes, interrupted, M. de la
Fayette arrived with the National Guard, the
populace fled* and M. de Tonnerre was restored
in fafety to his family.
" M.de Fleurieu, the Naval Minister, resigned
last Tuesday.
" There is also a talk of the resignation of M
de Montmorin, Secretary for Foreign Affairs."
June i. Yesterday, in the Court of Common
I'leas, on an atftion of damages, Noftagainft Tho
mas W orboys, of Bell's 13 uildings,Salilbury ("qua re,
for pushing the plaintiff out of his house, and
thereby breaking his leg, the jury gave a verdict
ot one hundred pounds.
A'£W CONSTITUTIO.V OF POLAND.
IN the fitting of the sth May, the new form of Constitution
was again proposed. The members present figncd it unanimoc'
and they formally padrd. sentence by sentence, the twelve Arii*
cles of which it is composed, and which arc as follow ;
i. The Catholic Religion shall be the governing religion of the
States, and the King (hall profeU it. But all other forms or wor
(hip fhal 1 be admitted, and a general toleration, civil and icli'il
ous, fliall be a fundamental law of the kingdom.
2. The ancient privileges and rights oi the Noblesse arc approv
ed and confirmed.
3. At the fame time, all the rights and privileges of the people
alTerted, renewed or granted to them duung the prcfent Diet, a, c
equally ratified and confirmed.
4. All ft* angers who arrive and fettle in Poland, shall enjoy full
and entire liberty.
5. The pcafantry arc *aken under the protc&ion of the laws and
of government. They are relieved from all arbitrary impoluions
and do not depend, henceforth, in what regards their rights and
labours, only on the contracts which they ftiall, make with their
Seigniors. All foreign labourers are free to enter and fettle in Po
land, or to depart, fulfilling only the obligations of the contract
thev may have made with the proprietors of the foil.
6. The government of Poland shall be cotnpofed of three
branches, or diflintt parts —the Icgiflaiive power, the executive
power, and the judicial power.
7. The legislative power belongs exclusively to the dates assem
bled in Diet, and composed of two connedled chambers, viz. the
senate, and the chamber of nuncios.
8. The King shall exercise the executive power with his coun
cil. This council (hall be composed of the primate and five mini
sters, who shall each have a department. No ovdei of the King
can be put in execution un'.efs it is signed by the ministers, whose
lives and fortunes shall be responsible to each Diet for the orders
they (hall sign. As soon as two-thirds of the Diet shall demand
the change of ministers, the King (hall be bound to difmifsthem,
and to name others in their place.
9. The elcttion of King shall never fall hereafter on an indivi
dual. A whole family (hall be ele&ed when the Royal Family
shall be extinct. Thus after the decease of the reigning King (for
whose long life the estates and the nation make the molt fervent
pravcr) the reigning elector of Saxony, and his male defendants
after him, shall succeed to the throne of Poland. If he lhall have
no male iflTue, Ma r y Augusta Ncpomucene, his only daughter, now
declared infant of Poland, (hall be Queen, and her husband, whom
the King and the states aflembled (hall choose for her, (hall wear
the crown and form the stock, from which shall fpringanew royal
dynasty of Poland.
10. In cafe of the minority of the King, his tutelage with the
administration of the government shall be in the hands of the
Queen-mother, and of the council, who (hall be responsible for
their conduct to every Diet.
11. The education of the King's children (hall in like manner
be confided to the council.
The judicial power (hall be fixed for each palatinate, territory!
and diftrift. The judges shall be elected at the Dietines.
MR. FOX AND MR. BURKE.
WE know not which to admire 1110 ft : The
manly manner in which Mr. Fox solicited the
continuance of Mr. Burke's friendfiiip, or the
unshaken steadiness which accompanied the lat
ter gentleman's noble defence of his principles.
In the one, the feelings of the heart, for a mo
ment quelled the ftubborntiefs of an opinion
founded 011 the conviction of a ripened and en
larged mind. In the other, every private at
tachment, and every friendfliip that can be dear
to man, were facrificed with Roman firinnefs to
support the Constitution of his country. Each
thought himfelfin the right, and each conceived
that he was arguing for tlie Public Good. Mr.
Fox has long been known to profefs,a strong af
fetftion for more of the republican system in our
Government than Mr. Burke would ever bring
his judgment to approve. The former conceives
that there is a natural right in man to be free ;
the latter thinks that such freedom would be
subversive of all the blessings which we at pre
sent enjoy. Mr. Fox would narrow the limitsot
monarchy, and extend the liberty of the people.
Mr. Burke would neither abridge the one nor
enlarge the other. On these topics they have
'often difFered in private ; but as there was no
event to prove who was right, the argument ne
ver rose to any thing more than the convivial
diflertations of the table. But the French Revo
lution had no sooner happened, than each seized
upon it as a strong tettimony to prove the julhce
of his own opinion. Mr. Fox conceiving it to
be a circumstance which must give the moll glo
rious blessings to France ; Mr. Burke a (let ting
that it was the 1110 ft difgraceful and deftrudtue
event that could ever happen to an empire. t
was now 110 longer a difcourle 011 a fpecuiatne
point ; the die was cast, and each found his cre
dit at stake to maintain his argument. The cy
cle of private friend/hip became too narrow or
exerciling the talents of these great men. < \' t
minds, big with the importance of the cau e,
buriwforth in the Senate, and as eloquence met
eloquence so animosity encountered amnions,
until the spirit of politics subdued the tenderne s
of a long acquaintance, and friendlhip took ie
departure 111 tears. Those who heard ant av
the obstinacy with which the dispute was njai"
tained, lamented that two men of such abl ''
lliould differ in public sentiment on one 0
most important points which relate to t le
pinefs and welfare of this country. 1 i-r
are not without hopes that, even wule as 11
ference is at present, yet as both gentletnei
110 view but the general benefit of the e p >
the one will relax from his too Itrong i< •
republicatiifm', arid embracing the genera
of the other, form a junction of talents that may
continue as long as each lives to be an 01
to public a,ul private society. Tins we
the benefit of the Constitution, and lot
welfare of the people.