from the DUBLIN CHRONICLK, oj the sth Aran,.
l\lr. Burke's speech on the Minister's proportion to
encrcafe the naval armament.
MR. Burke rose, as he f<iid, to make a few ob
servations upon what he considered the molt
extraordinary event that had palled in that Houle
(ince he had the honor to fit in it. He oblei ved,
that he could not account for the measure when
he considered the talents of the right hon.
gentlemen, which for one he had been ready
often to acknowledge. In tlie part he fliould
take, or in the opposition he fliould give to this
uncommon itep of Minilters, he difclaimcd all
party confederations whatever. If any acrimony
ugaiiiit anyone person ar anytime found its way
into him, he declared that whenever he difcuf
led anv public or constitutional question it was
neutralized and even dulcified. This was exactly
the cafe at present; he said that he had never heard
of such moderation as the right hon. gentleman
had set up ■, it was in his opinion a cruelty—it
was telling the Ruffians that they might have
continued the war, and though aggrefled, and of«
course entitled to revenge themselves 011 the
aggrefl'ors, yet that they mult relinquilh tlie con
quells they fliould make, and be content to be put
on their former footing. Thus the uti poffidetis
was to be held before them.—But the uncommon
part in what he beheld of Minillers, was the in
cluding Tu key in the balance of Europe. It
had been coafidered an Asiatic country, and
ought so to be held without in any degree strik
ing the eye in its attention to the European ba
lance of power. Had it any Ambaflador at our
Court, at Berlin, or at Copenhagen, &c. ? Did
it pay any regard to us, or consider us ill any
other light than as heretics ? Was not our Am
baflador there treated like a dog ' " For my part
((ays Mr. Burke) my way of reasoning may be
considered as upon the old principle ; but 1 very
much dislike this a?iti-crufade. I am not for fa
voringfuch barbarians, and oppressing Chriflians,
to the detriment of civilization and hindrance
of human refinement."—" Why (said he) are
we to be alarmed at the Ruffians' capture of a
town ?—the empire of Turkey is not difmember
cd by that. We are in podeifion of Gibraltar
and yet Spain is not difniembered " — In refpe<!t
to confidence, it was not capable of definition—
much of it must be left to discretion. He was
ready to allow that " a Minister without any
confidence would be no better than a (lave ; and
if too much confidence were implicitly reposed
5n him," said he " we fliould be slaves ourselves."
He could not fee the fmallelt reason for our
alarms at the aggrandisement of Russia, or fears
for the depression of Turkey. The right hon.
gentleman might call this by the name of Mode
ration : but would it be deemed so by the world ?
Was it not an iufult to every other power ? Was
it neceflary, in order to pi eferve the balance, that
every State or Power fliould continue exactly in
the fame state ? or could that balance be afFeOted
by the loss of Oczakow to the Turks ? It was fine
talking of what we are to do wiih Russia by a
naval armament. "We were to conquer Ame
rica," said Mr. Burke, " and I gave my opinion
what would be the fruits of the attempt." Mr.
Burke concluded a inofl: eloquent speech, by ob
fei ving, that if these interferences are to take
place at any time by the haughty and atTuning
Minillers of any Srate, they ought to be in fa
vor of freedom and the cultivation of Chrijlian
fellowfliip, and not in efpotifing the cause of
Barbarians who have not the fmallelt regard for
lis in return.
Sir Jnmes Murray said a few words after Mr.
Burk upon the fame fide, when the question was
loudly called for, and the gallery ordered to be
cleared. The House now divided—
For the Amendment
AgaintV it
Majotity
From the GENERAL ADVERTISER,
Mr. BaChe,
THE influence of the prcfentconftitution of the United States
extends not only to the situation, but also to the language of
America. The republican principles of the government, instilled
into the majority of the citizens, have given rife to the employ
ment of the word federal, as a recommendatory epithet. We
have federal beer, federal cakes, federal manufactories, and along
lift of federal etcetera. Pafling through a certain part of th's me
tropolis, I was fttuck with a new application of the word : On a
Schoolmaster's flgn was written, " Readiug, Writing, Arithmetic,
&c. taught upon a federal fvftem." I >vas at firft diverted with
this idea of honest Quit; '>ut began afterwards to consider that
there was more reaf 11 in his use ot the word federal than I was
aware of. Our modern Schools ate called places of education : —
We are, it is true, inftt u&ed there in languages and sciences ; but
whence do we get our other knowledge ? Not in Universities. —
Our religious sentiments are inherited from our parents; our mo
rals are acquired from our companions ; our ideas of government
are the consequences ot early prejudices in favor of the constitution
of our native land,raiher than rational principles adopted by rea
son from a knowledge and of the government of
other countries. But, were thefc made part of the instruction of
our youth in public Seminaries ;* were young persons taught to
* [The ingenious and philanthropic Noah Webster, anticipat
ing the idea of the above writer, some time ago publijhed a Federal Ca
techism for the use oj Schools. J
think for themftlvcs; w»re they rationally mftruaed in the g -
tious principles of equalUblrtr, were they impressed with an ear
ly sense of their religious and social duties, we [hould not then
have much reason to complain of the degeneracy of mankind ; we
(hould have better and more enlightened members of foc.ety-men
fit to be CUIUS of a republic. Such an education would inreality
be upon a FEDERAL SYSTEM.
FOR THE GAZETTE OF THE UNITED STATES.
ITTEN ON LEAVING TH K PLACE OF MY NATIVITY.
HIGH up thr heaven* the Sun in radiance moves,
Gilding thy varied beauties, happy Tlactr,
Whofi charms, by birth and time endear'd, my fpint loves,
And mourning leaves, a distant way to trace.
Now let me check the rising sigh
To mark, with melancholy eye,
Thy feenes which, lingering, from my view retire :
Thy domes, flow-moving from the fight;
Thy Lake, which gleams a fainting light;
Thy dim-difcovcred spire.
Dear scenes of youthful joy—farewel !
Farewel the Street which evening hail'd her own,
Charm'd with the scattered moonlight o'er it thrown,
Listening, with sweet attention, while the
Rung o'er the echoing fields, of Summer's early bell.
Farew?l the Street, where winter, robed in snow,
Roar'd with wild tempest in the ear of night ;
Where Fritndfhpip, powerful, could his might o'erthrow,
And win Affection's house of calm delight.
Farewel thou venerable Dome,
Where the mild Sabbath call'd ray constant feet.
Still let me think how frequent on thy feat,
Decp-mufing tho't hath found a heavenly home.
For there the souk when bigot rage was raised,
And fiery zeal threw criinfon o'er the face,
Or when the vengeance of the Lord was praised*
And torture (hook the tenements of grace ;
Or priestly wdrmth upraised the rod ;
Or Dullness nodded o'er the word of God ;
Could look with mild complaeenc.y around ;
And aye where inborn worth was found,
Or goodness glow'd upon the face of youth,
Or native innocerty shone,
Or beauty foften'd on the lip of truth,
Or dove-like Purtnef&fix'd her throne ;
Could gaze with fond delight,
Grow better atthe fight,
Grateful would fvell for what was given,
And rife, in glowing rapture, up to heaven.
To the still-winding River's moonlight banks ;
The slowly-rising //;//, which leads along
To where the Grove t rich scene of Quips and Cranks
And side-supporting laughter, becks the jocund throng ;
One pensive, last farewell, now loads my sorrowing song.
Farewel dear Inmates of my foul!
Now let no grief your minds controul ;
Now heave no silent, secret, sigh ;
Or hang in tears th mournful rye ;
Or lift the hands, in angaifh wrung ;
Or wake to speech the flattering tongue.
Is't not enough in pain to part ?
Spare, spare, the agpuizing heart.
Science hails mc to 4 Ker feat ;
Bright Ambition urges on ;
Fame to Glory tempts my feet.
* Seize on knowledge ere 'tis gone.
' Learning opes her varied stores ;
* Age his ft ream o f treasure pours;
* Meek-eyed Piety requires;
« Mild Humanity desires ;
« Pity points, thy gain, the flues ;
1 Come !' the Voice of Nature cries.
Father of Heaven ! I bow with foul refign'd.
My former joys (hall aid my better part;
All meaner cares be banifn'd from my mind
My toils my Country claims, and God my heart.
From the GENERAL ADVERTISER.
A concise abftraft of the Ne-w Conflitution »f France,
accepted by the King, and ratified by the People,
July 14, 1790.
CONSTITUTIONAL ARTICLES.
THE Government of France lhall be tnonar
chical.
The Peifon of the Kingfhall be inviolable and
facrerl.
The Crown shall be indivisible and hereditary
from male to male.
The National Assembly shall be permanenta!
and conipofed of one house
228
93
Every Legiflarure fliall fit two years, and al
the members lliall be re-eligible.
The King ihall have a suspensory negative up
on the laws proposed by the National Afiembly;
which negative shall have effeVt until the meet
ing of the third Legiflattire after that by which
the laid laws lhall have been proposed.
The King may invite the National Afl'emb'y to
take an objei't into consideration ; but the right
of proposing laws {hall be vested exclusively in
the Representatives of the nation.
The Supreme Executive power fliall be veiled
exclusively in the King ; he may from time to
time enforce the laws by proclamation.
Every ordinance of the King fliall be signed
by his and attelled by a Secretary of
State.
1 he Judiciary 'power {hall be entirely diftinifi
from the two others ; but jultice fliall be admi
nirtered in the name of the King.
The import fliall be granted but for the time
which will expire at the day of the following
feflion.
The King's approbation of a law shall be ex
pressed in the following words, " The Kingcoti
feuts and will execute." The King's negative
shall be thus, The King will examine."
38
ODE,
The Legislature may present its decrees to the
King, either separately or collectively at the cud
of each session.
The kingdom fliall be divided into thirty-three
departments, each department intodiftiicts, and
each district into cantons of about four I'quare
leagues
The election to the National Afleinbly (hall be
made by the eledlors chosen in the departments.
Each department shall have an adminillrative
afleinbly.
Each cky, to»n, borough or community fliall
have a municipality.
The Representatives to the National Aflenibly,
(hall be considered as Representatives of ihe Na.
tion, and not of any particular department.
Therefore they Ih.ill not be liable to be recalled
in any c;<fe whatsoever. The fame rule (hall be
observed with refped: to the members of depart
ment or diftridt ailemblies.
All active citizens fliall have a right to aflera-,
ble in primary meeting by cantons. Tobecon
fideied as an aiftive citizen the following qualifi
cations are required, ift. to be a Frenchman, ei
ther by birth or naturalization; 2d. to be twen
ty-five years old ; 3d. to be an inhabitant of the
Canton ; 4th. to pay a contribution of the valae
of three days labor ; 5 th. not to be a ferrant at
wages.
With these qualifications non-Catbolics and
Jews fliall be entitled to the rights of atftive ci-
izens,
The canton aflembliei shall annually make a
lift of all the citizens above 21 years of age, who
shall take the civic oath, without which they
shall have no right to eledt or to be elected.
Bankrupts and insolvent debtors, or sons wljo
negletft to pay their share of the debts of their
fathers, shall be excluded from all elections.
In the country, 900 inhabitants shall form two
primary afl'emblies ; but in cities, 4000 inhabi
tants fhall-have only one primary aflembly.
The primary afiemblies shall appoint one elec
tor for each number of too aclive citizens. None
(hall be Appointed an elector nnlefs he pays a con
tribution of the value of 10 days labor.
The electors chosen by all the primary aflem
blies ofa department, (hall elect the members to
the National Afleinbly according to the plurality
of votes. 11l cafe of an equality of votes, the
oldest of the candidates shall be prefered.
The number of rbe Representatives to the Na
rional Aflenibly. (hall be equal to the number of
lepartinents multiplied by nine. This repre
fenration (hall beeftimared accordingto the com
pound ratio of territory, population and contri
butions, that every department may have in the
National Legillature, that influence, to which it
is entitled by its territory, population and
wealh. Mi consequence of this di[tin<2ion, some
departments will have only five or fix represen
tatives, and others twelve or thirteen.
To be eligible to the National Aflenibly, it
liall be required to pay a direct contribution of
the value of a mark of silver, and to be in pos
session of landed property
The electors shall appoint Soppleans or fnp
(lemenrary members, equal to the third of the
number of the numbers of the National Allcni
bly.
Elections (hall be the only title of the func
tions of representatives, to the National Afletn
bly.—The liberty of their votes shall not be im
peded by any particular mandate or inftrucflions.
The fame eledlors shall appoint the members
of the department aflemblies, whose number
{hall consist of thirty-fix for each department.
The ele<ff ors of the fame distrust shall appoint
the members of the diftritft aflemblies, whose
number shall be 12 for each diftrift.
ELLA
To be eligible to these ademblies, it shall be
required to pay 3 contribution of 10 days labor.
These aflemblies shall be permanent, and half
of their members shall be renewed every two
years.
Each administration of a department or dip
tridl, shall be divided into a council and directo
ry. The council to be aflembled.once in a year ;
and the directory to be always in activity. The
dire<flory of departments to beconipofed of eight
members, that of diftritfts of a less numoer.
The councils of departments shall not fit lon
ger than one month, and those of districts no
longer than two weeks.
The administration of departments /hall, un
der the infpedlion of the legislative body, and in
conformity to the national decrees, be intruftea
with the following powers: ill. To aflefs in the
diftiiCts the contributions imposed upon each
department, and the diftri<!ts, to make a i e-pai -
titioti of the fame amongst the municipalitiesi;
2d, to cause the rolls of aflefiinent to be made
amongst the taxable inhabitants of each munici
pility; 3d. to superintend the regular payment
of contributions ; 4th. to ordain the expences
afligned upon those contributions.
They shall moreover, under the infpedtion of
'he King as the fuprenie head of the ration, su
perintend, ift. the police of the poor md vaga
bonds ; 2d. the hofpiials, ptifons andboufes ot