FOR THE GAZETTE OF THE UNITED STATES.
MR. FEN NO,
The following originally appeared in the Albany RegiAer—-hit a< it
has been cortefted by fever a! attentions, and relates to a fubjeft of
general importance, you are rcquejled to re-pubhfh it. /.
T)£RHAPS no State in rhe Union kas clone such ampl- juflicc
A to the brave men (to whom we are indebted for the blcffings
of liberty and independence) a* this : One million and a half aer<.s
of land, raoft agreeably and advantageoudy fr.uated, is aevotcd as
a gratuity to the officers and foldicrs of the line of this State.
As I have lately explored the principal part of this tra&, the
intention of this letter is to give you the general outlines of its
fituaiion ; and then a more circumilantial detail for the particular
information of our eastern triendj, who are iwarrning annually
to more southern and distant regions, when they now a glo
rious field opened in their native latitude, and within a conveni
ent diflance of their friends.
This tract is bounded wc ft by the east ftiore of tlit-Senecca lake
and the Maflachufetts lauds in the county of Ontario ; nort
by part of iAc Ontario, near Fort Ouvc f ;o, f -u*' y a ricl-c o
mountains fay n r * on the north of the P'*nn'yivania line ; c:id e^l
by the Tuf o'-.to Creek (which fa !- n r.iv ir.to th.- snicidle o
the Oneida Lake) and thai part o! M \vh;eh has beci
set ling by the New-England people very rapidly since peace.
This pleasant country is divided into twenty-five townfiv.ps o
6d,0c0 acres each, which are again fubdivrded into 100 Conveni
rnt farms, of 600 acres, making in the whole 2,500 farms, whicf
may b< now obtained on easy terms at the low price of 1/3 law
ful money an acre.
What a glorious opening for emigrants and population !
Having given you the outlines, I shall descend to particulars.
Our party, confiding of fix, arrived at Foit Schuyler, formerly
Fort Stanwix, 105 miles weft of Albany, the lft of September
Here we divided into two parties (havin- previously agreed t<
rendezvous at the Old Ford, north of the Cayuga lake) one part]
by land, the other by water : I joined the water party, and com
menced our expedition by having our bateaux carried across
plain of one mile from Fort Schuyler into Wood Creek, and so
the firft time 1 failed on a river in America running Weft. W<
found Wood Creek so lhallow, for fix or seven miles, as not 11
admit of batteaux navigation, withput the afiiftance of sluices
which are made at convenient distances. From thence to the ol(
Block-House, at the East end of the Oneida Lake, about elevei
miles more, the creek is bolder and convenient navigation, excep
some obftruftions by the falling of trees in the late war, whic!
are not vet entirely removed. We travei fed the whole length o
the Oneida, thirty miles, keeping the south Ihore aboard : thi
batteaux men commonly keep the north shore, but we preferret
the south for the benefit of viewing the army lands, beginning ai
the Tufcoraro already mentioned. The Oneida lake and creek,
emptying into it, are well stored with all kinds of frefh watei
fifh, particularly salmon and bass—eels, in the Tufcoraro, are in
credibly large and fine. The next day we reached Fort Brewe
ton, at the weft end of the Oneida ; near the fort we entered th<
Onondago river, continuing a serpentine course weft about twentj
miles (aided by a brisk cuirent, having the army lands 011 our left,
and vacant lands on our right) till we reached the Three Rivers;
at this confluence we left the Onondago, which took its courk
N.W. emptying into Lake Ontario at Fort Ofwego, about twenty,
five miles distant; we then ascended the Cayuga dream, Hemming
against an easy current, and a few gentle rapids.
We palled through the Cross Lake, and on ourTeft by tbe
mouths of the Salt Lake, the Owafco and another small lake, hav
ing the rich army lands on both fides of us. The day following
we reached the Old Ford, where we found our land party, who
agreed to proceed on to the south end of the Cavuga by land,
■while we continued our course the whole lengtn of this charming
lake by water; which we found nearly 40 miles in length, run
ning about S. E. and from 2to 4 wide. The firft 16 miles on
each fide lay the Cavuga land, or a tract reserved to them, which
is the place of residence of that nation; all the reft, on both fides,
is a fine body of armv lands, the banks are rather high, but the
country in general very level except in the south, where it swells
into hills and mountains. The land in many places where we
flopped appeared of a lich dark loom, the lands along the ft,reams
are generally low and a rich foil, and some sunken lands. On the
lakes the shores are rather higher, and generally what is called
Upland, but equal if not fupcrior to the other. Along the ftrearns
the timber runs mostly 011 button wood, breach aud maple; the
upland is generally maple, oak, beach and hickory; some ot the
button wood in particular are of an incredible magnitude. The
water in the Cayuga is clear, but lhallow ; and nothing coulcl ex
ceed the beauty of the country laying in a slate of wild nature, ex
cept here and there a new feulement, and'feveral old Indian fieids
and some orchards. At the south end of the Cayuga, we exchanged
our batteaux for the horses of our land party, having agreed to
fix our next rendezvous at tne town of Geneva, at the north end
of the Seneca Lake. We traversed the country in aS. W. course,
about 15 miles to the south extremity ot the Seneca Lake, where
we entered Catherine's-Town, formerly an Indian feulement, and
all well cleared. Peach trees flourifh here—we found them fcat-l
tered in mod of the Indian settlements.
Not far from this place, a ridge of the Allegany mountains
flretch themselves along* nearly in a N. E. course, at the foot of
which, the lands are generally exceedingly luxuriant. About 9
miles from Catherine's-Town there is a branch of the Sulquehan
tia, called Tyoga river,, to which there is a communication, by an
excellent level road, between a gap of the mountains.
The Tyoga branch is navigable for bateaux, down the Sufque- f
hannah quite into the Che fa peak. From Catherine's I own we
dire£led our rout North* travelling along the plealant banks on
the East fide of th? Seneca lake ; which runs nearly parallel with
the Cayoga (from 8 to 10 miles diftantj and about 36 miles long.
Nothing in America, and I pre fume in no other-country,- can ex
ceed the beauty and pleasantness of this happy combination : The
country between thi<?fe lakes is the most envjable that can be con
ceived ; there are high hiljs to be fcen, but the country is
agreeably diverfifjed, swelling into gentle nfings and fallings.
We found thebeftof timber and lofty trees, and not much under
wood : The uplands are generally exceeding good, but we found
no large streams, but many small runs of water, owing to the con
tiguity of the two lakes. About half way down the lake, we
came to an old Indian fcttlement, called Appletown, where we
saw the remains of many Indian fields and old orchard l ;,along the
LakeVdeflroyed by Gen. Sullivan in 1779 ; we then eroded a
ferry at the outlet of the Seneca, about 11 mues South Weft of the
Cayuga, and then entered the town of Geneva, formerly known
jjy the name of.Canadcfago, which from its convenient Giiialioti,
is already become a configurable village ; and about 16 miles
South of this .plaqe, and on the Weft fide or t'ne fame Lake, is alio
a considerable fcttlement of an apparent religious sett-os people,
the followers of Jemima Wilkinfpn ; and manv oilier fc?.ttering
fettlcments, as well as between the Cayuga and Seneca Lakes, and
along the J&a.ft. ftiore of the former ; besides which, from the most
authentic information, there is already a comfortable barrier
against the Indians, of upwards of 3000 New-En gland people-, in
Ontario county, on the weft ol this tracl.
The waters of the Seneca are deep, and as clear and pureas-fpring
water with a clear bottom. One remarkable circumflance de
serves notice, which is, that the Seneca Lake never freezes over,
though the Cayuga does ; may be partly owing to its greater
depth, and perhaps its being' Applied altogether with spring wa-
The decisive enterprise of the Genefee company, has furnifticd
the whole ofthis tra& with a good waggon road, running through
wt y !'-a-I of it, w:»> S™ a 'j" a ft/,e U oV :V.'W-Vork is
hawk river to Geneva ; betides «i , " raids which will
also laying ofit and opening two other w >
„v, rand .he D. (aware, and to „ n , hc Hudson's r.ver;
country in thc "ic nity ot muiwr, „ , sb ,|, IS
fn,n the Army Lands to th: ™.d, t^ing'from
rout, will not exeeed 150 milts • - Dela-
Ca.t-Kill landing on the Hudson's "Ver head ng the laui De
ware liver, and croiTmg the Sulquehannah at the Olchwt,
pass through .he middle of thole lauds to the Ca>uga-F- y
Old-Ford,« the Noriti end ol Cayuga Lake Th, W road »
nearly fioiOufi, w.U not exceed 120 nules .0 the aforelaid
Mi>cl)has been r-id about the Ohio countr), and ■"
-doubtlrf, w nil much jufticc but when We consider the im
nu nl- dillancrfrnm theEaftem Hates to thc Oh>o .nd f om thence
to the fca, we lhall find the convenience and pratticability of »a
!er "mmuniction both by the way o. Ofwego to Montreal and
bv Fo.t-Schuyle. to Albany, as well a , by the Sufquehanna nto
Chefapeak, vailly in favor ol the country I have been c.eicnb g,
cfpeciaJiy as the whole t.aft is inttifperfed b» narrow and.long
likes, as'conv. nicntly disposed as so many canals : From MuO. . -
pum on the Ohio (the present fettle,nent of the New-England
people l to the fca ,t is at least 1900 m.les; whereas, from the be
ginning of this tract to Albany .lis only 140 m.les, '"<*£'"B 17
miles land carnagc-i mile at Fort-Rchuyler, and 16 from Sch -
n.aadv to Albany. In addition to,which every farm is capable
of being converted into a small Jama, ca plantation by mak.ng
the most of their maple trees ; belides wh.ch, from the Ononda
go and Cavuga Salt Springs, a great necessary in life is here ob
tained in such quantities, that it is judged will be fufficient for the
Welter., part of the United States : The fait is of a super.or qua
lity, and has hitherto been made in great quantities, from the
faring waters only ; but recently the bait Rock has been disco
vered near the furface of the earth, on the bank of the Onondago
Lake, from which it can be taken, and by an easy water transpor
tation, conveyed almost in every direfl.on and distance; this w. I
and mud be considered as a particular advantage to this desirable
country : its inhabitants will not be fubjefted to the trouble and
expense in carrying that bulky and necessary article from the At
lantic Ihore. . . f
Theenfuingfeafon I propose to take a more particular v.ew of
the described lands, and procced Wcftward to Canadaque, the
county town of Ontario, and from thence to Buffalo Creek ; and
on my return lhall endeavor to give a particular description of the
latter extent of country, being the Geneffee purchafc, as of the
former.
From a late London Paper.
CASE IN CHA NC E RT.
The following decision recently took place in
the London Court of Chancery.
On the iSth of jurife, 1761, the honorable Mr.
Boyle left by will thefum of 54001. to be laid out
■in lands in Yorkshire, out of the rents of which
the sum of 901. Wss to be paid annually to the
college of William and Mary, in New-England,to
be applied for the purpose of propagating the
chriftiau religion among the Indians in the back
settlements in 1 North-America ; and likewise a
farther sum of 451. to be paid to the fame college,
for the fupport.of two n>i(fionaries to preach the
gospel. The city of London were left trustees,
and the management under the trust was, by the
will, committed to the care of the bifhopofLon
don, and the earl of Burlihgton, for the time be
ing. The latter being excinct, the whole manage
ment fell into the hands of the former.
The prefentbifhopinftuuietl this fait, in which
the city, and a great nnmber of other persons
•rii i • i ■
were parties, for thefingleand indeed novel pur
jofe of knowing, whether [as the teltator had
originally deviled the fevpjal sums Jor the up of
Britijb fubjtOs, and the Americans having ceafeil
to be in that situation, fuice. their independence,]
the annuity ought not to revert to this kingdom,
or to some other of his majesty's colonies, to be
applied to similar purposes. This being the firft
determination of that nature since the revolution,
his lordlhip decided it with that faperior dignity
of fentiinenc that always attends his decrees.
Two phrases are fufficient :—" All charitable
devises are to be held sacred—we cannot rake up
the allies of the dead, in search of latent intenti-
ons." The annuities and arrears must be paid,
and [upon two or three minutes further consider
ation] MelTrs. Anderfcm and Gibbs, the agents
for the college in Ne\tf-England, and likewise the
city of London must be paid the coils."—A de
termination lb liberal and f'o just, particularly
being the fjrlt, cannot fail of being distinguished.
EBF.X'EZER HAZARD and JONAS ADDOMSIvve entered
into partnership, and open.d an OFFICE, at No. 173, in
Ma'rkei-Strect, a few doors above Fourth-Street, wh'cre, under the
Firm ot
..Hazard and Addoms,
They purchase and Tell all kinds of
CERTIFICATES—PAPER MONEY, and BANK
N T .-B. Transfers made atthePublie Offices,and Business in ge
neral tranfaflcd on Commifßon. December., aq.
South-Carolina Lands for Sale,
ABOUT one hundred miles from Charleston, for any kind of
Goods. One third part of 63 Tvatts of Land, containing
acres, lying near the rivers of Savannah, Bigund Little Salt
Cohachees, and the fork of the Edifto : These Lands are a
dark, or a copper-coloured foil, in" an inhabited pirt of-the State.
Also 5 tra&sof Land in Ninety-Six di(ln£t, 4 inOrangpljujg dif
trifr, 6 in Camden, all containing 7,600 acres, all good land, with
dreams of water running through them. These Lands will be fold
so low, that a man may make his fortune in buying them, for the
ourpofe of felling them again, as emigrants arc daily arriving there
from Europe, to fettle.
Duplicate Plots and Grants maybe seen, and indifoutaWe titles
will be given by thefubferiber. FREDERICK KING.
Morrijloan, Jan. 17^91. (77 — 6wiw.)
728
stock.
THE Copartrtcrfltip of HF.WES and ANTHONY ha\. l: -.,
pired the 31ft uiumo, they requelt those, w 1,0 h aV c anvc-'
mands, to exhibit their accounts and receive their morn v ;
those who are indebted, arc delireri to make fpredy payment, l 0
either of the Subfcribcrs, at their Compting-Houfc, \ o '. si c '
nut-Street-Wharl. J O S I A H HEW ES,
Philadelphia, Jan. 15, 1791
N. B. They have yet on hand, and tor SALE, at their STOR?
abovementioned,
HYSON, Souchong, and Boliea TEAS,
Tnree cases Callia,
Pimento in bags,
Muscovado Sugar,
A few Cases old Batavia Arrack,
One cask o! Durham Mutiard.
New England Rum in hogthiads and barrels,
A quantity ot prime Boston Beet,
Spcrmaceti, right whale and tanners' Oil,
Btft pickled Mackrel,
6byß— 7by 9—B by 10—9 by 11—and 10 by 12 Window
Glass,
A quantity of excellent carrot Tobacco,
And an elegantCHANDt-LIER.
AMERICAN CLOTHS.
SUPERFINE and ELASTICS,
CONGRESS BROWN,
LONDON SMOKE,
LEAD, DRAB,
BLUE and OTHER fafliionable Colours,
Manufactured at Hartford, (State of Connecticut,) just rcceivcd,
and are now offered for Sale, at the
CHEAP STORE, No. 38,
North Third Street, t
At which Store are also opening a large and general affortmentof
EUROPEAN and INDIA GOODS
CLOTHS,
Linens,
Cambrics,
Painted, sprigged, tambour
ed, book, andjaconet Muslins,
Chintzes,
Cottons and Calicoes,
Silks,
Sheetings,
Table Cloths, of a superior
quality,
Muflinett,
Patent Silk Hose,
A Varietv of STUFFS
And many other Articles, 100 numerous tr. insert in an Advcr- <
tifement ; all of which are now felling by '''holcJlU and Retail, on
so low terms, as to make them an object to the purchaf-ts,
A'. R. A few Barrels of MACKAREL, and Nova-Srolia i
HERRINGS. Philadelphia, Jan. 12, 1791.
Forty Dollars Reward.
LOST bv the Subscriber, on the 12th day of January 1791. be
tween Penoilopon and Freehold, ip the county of Monmouth,
and State of New-Jersey, the following Certificates, ilfued byihe
f ltd State, to sundry Soldier , for the three-fourth parts of the de
preciation of their pay ; all of which are figncd by John Siemens
jun. Treasurer, and couuterfigncd by James Ewing, Auditor, viz.
No. Dated, Payable to Amount.
323 June 26, 1781, Powel Alston, £.60 8 0
399 January 27, do. Jacob Long, 3° *6 igj
503 June 29, do. Oliver Cromwell, 60 8 q
664 June 30, do. James Kinfey, ,57 12
740 July 2, do. \ George Long, 5 4 47
869 ( uly 4, do. Ananias Clark, 312 47
938 July 30, do. Samuel Dotey, 1 35 7
1060 March 20, 1782, J'phraim Patten, 31 13 0
1128 Augiift 8, do. James Cbulllon, 30 7 iOg
11 33 August 8, do. Moses Thompson, 150 5 9!'
123° January 27, 1783, Asa Gilderfleaves, 63 755
1237 April 9, do. Michael Lane, 61 16 tcj
841 July 4, 1781, James Clark, 417
Any person who may have lound the said Certificates, and will
return them to the fubfenber, living at Penollopon aforcfaicl,fl"; t !llre-
ceive the above reward ; and in proportion for any part of them
which may be returned.
Al! persons are hereby cautioncd against purchasing anv of tr.c
above Certificates, as payment is (topped at the public offices.
If any of them fliould be offered for sale, the person to vrnom thev
are offered is requested to flop the fame, and give notice ffiercol
to t'lcir humble servant. .KENNETH HANKINSON.
Monmouth Coupty, New -Jersey, Jan, 15, 1 791. _\
TREASURY DEPARTMENT,!
January 25, 179 1 - J
THE Public Creditors are reminded that, in orocr to the pio
per dispositions for paying the Iniercft in the fevcral SiJUS
it is necefTary that the amount to be paid in each Ihouid he p rC *
vioufly known at the Treasury. An.d'as the expiration of the nf
quarter is no( far distant, it is wifticd that thnfe who have not yt
done it, may be expeditious in malcih'g and fignihing their elec
tion, pursuant to the a£l making provision for the debt ort.e
United Slates.
INFORMATION WANTED.
%CT THE Subscriber requejh, if any gentle*** 1
can give him inj ormation of a pur chafe oj LandsMi
by a Mr. Daniel Richardet, in the year 1781 <"<
1782, in fame part of the United States, he willM) 1
kind as to inform his Brother, by d'treiling
him, at the Printer's office. S. RICHARDE'-
January, 1791.
Henry Kuhl,
At No. 143, Second-Street, near Race-Street,
BY advice of h<s iriends in New-York and Philadelphia;
opened an office for the purpo'fe of buying fclhng,o«"' c otT j
million, the different species of SlotA, and of liquidated and W d i u
dated paper lrj the market. - ,• .
He will obtain such Certificates as arc required by the
/tftfj-for-thofe -wlv» have unliquidated Securities ; and trans} v 0L
from .and to the Treasury and the Offices of the Commi" 10,,erS
Loans, on moderate terms. . [
Having for fcveral years pad been.employed in the 1 ip a
tlie United States, he is well acquainted with its °P eral,o ?V 3( j.
forms ; and flatters himfelftha't on that score he has a dect
vantage in tranfafting business here. Heis fully imprc -
the truth of the adage that " dispatch is the foul of
will always make the interefl of his employers an objec 0
fir ft importance.
Philadelphia, Dcccmher 29M, 1790.
JOSEPH ASTHOi; Y
Martinico Coffee.
(23w6W.)
ELEGANT Vest Patterns
adapted to ihe Tea Ton,
Silk, Cotton, and Worded
Hose,
Corduroys,
Vclvcrct'ts, and Royal Ribs,
Sattinetts,
Best Buck, Beaver, and White
Kidd Gloves,
Fine Mufliri Cravats,
Black Ruffcl,
Joan's Spinning.