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PUBLISHED WEDNESDAYS AND SATURDAYS BY JOHN FENNO, No. 65, MARKE
[No. 60, of Vol. ll.] Wednesday, November 24, 1790.
Discourses on Davila.
I'tiumque regem, fua multitado conlalulavcrat
THE Prince of Condi and the Admiral, irri
tated to fee fupprefled a party, upon wliofe
Dumber and forces they had founded aJI their
hopes, and not being able to hinder the executi
on of the Edict, which all the parliaments and
1110 ft of the inferior tribunals prefled into execu
tion with great ardor, imagined another expedr-'
ent : it was to engage the ministers of the Hu
gonots to demand a public conferrence, in pre
sence of the King, with the Catholic Prelates, up
on the controverted points. This indirect me
thod appeared to them proper to obtain infenfi
bly, a liberty of conscience. The Cardinal di
Tournon, and several other Catholic Prelates, op
posed this request : they remonstrated that it was
useless to dispute about religion, with people who
were very obstinate, and who perlifted in a doc
trine condemned by the church. That if they
■wilhed to lay open- their reasons, they might ad
dress themselves to the council of Trent. The.
Cardinal of Lorrain was of opinion in favor of
the conference ; whether he flattered himfelt
that he fliould confound the Hugonots, byhisir
refiftable realoning, and convince those whom he
thought seduced, or whether, as those who envi
ed him gave our, by making an ostentatious ex
hibition of his eloquence and erudition, he wilhed
itill further to increafehis reputation and gloiy,
in so celebrated an aflembly : Whatever were
his intentions, it is certain that by not opposing
the demand ofthe Protestants, he draws into his
sentiment the prelates, who yielded to the soli
citations of the King of Navarre. This Prince,
who had long desired to hear a dispute in form,
between the Catholics and Hugonots, to clear up
his own doubts, supported with warmth the de
i'afe condutis to the ministers refugees at Gene
va, and assigned for the place of conference Poify,
a little city, five leagues from Paris.
The King appeared at Poify, with all his court,
accompanied by the Cardinals of* Bourbon, of
Lorrain, of Tournon, of Armagnac, and o iGuife,
who were to aifift at the conference on the part
of the Catholics. Themoft diftinguilhed Bish
ops and Prelates, several Dotfors oftheSorbonne,
and other Theologians of the molt celebrated
universities ofthe kingdom,were present. There
appeared on the fide of the Hugonots, Theodore
Beza, Peter Martyr Vermilly, Francis de Saint Paul,
Jthn Raymond, John Virel, with several others,
who came from Geneva, or Germany. Bezaex
plained his doctrines, with great pomp of elo
quence ; and the Cardinal of Lorrain answered
him, with what he called proofs and authorities,
drawn from the Scriptures and the fathers of the
Church. The council judged proper to with
draw the young King, because the tenderness of
liis age not permitting him to discern the truth,
there was reason to fear, that he might be sur
prized by some dangerous opinion, contrary to
rhe faith. After several debates, the alTenibly
separated without deciding any thing.
The Catholics gained only one advantage :
The King of Navarre was not fatisfied with the
Hugonots, having oblerved some variations of
their minillers in the do<itrines which they main
tained. Some followed literally the sentiments
of Calvin ; others inclined to the dotftrine ofLu
ther ; these adhered to the profeffion of faith of
the Swiss, those to the confeffion of Augfbourg.
Shocked with this inconsistency, as he thought it,
this weak Prince began to be disgusted with the
jievv opinions, and to attach himfelf to the Catho
lic religion. But the Hugonots drew from this
conference all the fruit that they had promised
thcmfelves. As soon as they came out of it, they
boasted highly that they had denionftrated the
truth of their belief, convinced the Catholic doc
tors, confounded the Cardinal of Lorrain, and
obtained of the King permiflion to preach their
dotftrine. In fa<S, of their own private authori
ty, they began to aflemble, wherever they pleas
ed, to hold publickly their sermons, with so great
an affluence of people, and so great a concourse
of nobility, as well as others, that it was no long
er polfible to restrain them.
When the magistrates attempted to hinder
their assemblies, or the Catholics attempted to
chafe them from the churches where they met,
the Hugonots run to arms, and defended them
selves. The two parties attacked each other
No. XXIII.— CONTINUED,
with fury, under the names o Hugouots and Pa
pills. The whole kingdom v sin a flame. The
power of the magistrates 1 c its energy ; the
people were in continual ten afid alarms ; the
collection of the revenues \ : interrupted, and
in the koibin of peace, an in ine and cruel war
was ff*«»ri ro iiA-livdJ. „5,/'e Queen-mother
and the King of N.ivari e, in . cd with these ex
cefles, feeing that the feverit; of-the Editft of Ju
ly, had only increased the if.."orders, convoked
another aflembly of tleputies from all the parlia
ments of the kingdom, to be iformed by them,
of the Hate of each province, nnd to deliberate
upon the molt proper means of re-eftabli/hing
tranquillity. The views of th miniflry changing
continually, as the intereffs of mi •jiers and the pajji
ons of the great varied ; it was aflonijhing, that
after so many measures taken, abandoned, reajfumed,
affairs fhoutd Jlilt remain in greater disorder, and
a more flra?ige confufittl. It was indeed impossible
tbatfuch frequent variations fl.ould reltore good
order, which an equal and uniform condudl could
alone maintain. (To be antinued.)
Erratum in our last : Before the laii word in Davila, insert
the word " both
MR. BOIVDOIN.
Saturday morning last, at oneo'clock, Death, with inexora
ble hand,fummoned to the world at spirits,(to the unspeak
able loft of the public, and his friends], the very much refpeft
ed,and highly revered character, the
Hon. JAMES BOWDOIN, Esq..
Aged 64 years,
and yesterday afternoon, his remains w .rc refpe&fully interred
in his family tomb, iu this town,
ORDER OF PROCESSION.
The Independent Com pan/ of Cadets,
commanded by Col. Bradford, —with arms revers'd, and
Drums muffled.
attended bv n Band p V YlmC'c.
T»»C *u me Inacpendem Companies,
The Officers of the Boston Miiitia,
and of the Militia in the neighboring towns.
The Society of the Cincinnati, and Officers of the late American
The Medical Society.
Governors and Officers «f Harvard-College,
The Ttuftees and Members of the Humane Socicty,
The Council and Members of the American Acadcmy of Arts
and Scienccs. #
The gentlemen Cleigy, of the town of Boston,
and the neighboring towns.
The Physicians to the deceased.
The Rev. Mr. Thacher.
Pall supported by
W Rev. Prefid. Willard,
GO
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Hon. Judge Lowell,
Hon. Mr. Gili.,
Lieut. Governor,
The Relations.
The Deacons and Committee of the Rev. Mr. Thacher's Church,
The High Sheriff of the County,
The Hon. Chief Justice Jay, and the Hon. Judge Cushing,
Foreign Consuls,
The Members of the Hon. Council, in town.
The Members of Congrefs,in town,
The Membeis ol the Hon. Senate, and House of Keprefentatives
in town.
The Secretary and Treasurer of the State,
The S le&inen and Overseers of the town,
The Town-Clerk and Treasurer,
The Marine Society,
The Gentlemen of the Insurance Offices,
FriCnds and Acquaintance.
After the carriage of the deceased, followed his Excellency
The Governor, in his carriage.
And as great a collection of carriages of all kinds, as we ever
recoiled to have seen aflembled on a similar occation.
Captain Johnson's company of Artillery aflcmbled upon the
common, and discharged their pieces during the Proccflion.
The streets were crowded with mourning citizens :
Largely had Gov. Bowdoin shared in the diftinftions of the
world. To the honor of Harvard College, he was educated at
that Seminary of Learning ; and so highly was he diflinguilhcd
for his ablitics, that at a very early age he was eletted a Represen
tative of the town of Boston, in which office he was continued,
until he was ele&ed one of the Council of the then Province of
MalFachuietts Bay, where he served with great reputation, until
negatived by Governors Bernard and Gage, for his decided
and able opposition to British measures. He took a diftinguifh
cd part in the revolution, having been President of the Council of
this State, for a number of years during the war ; was President
of the Convention that formed the State Conffcitution, and since
the levolution, he has been Governor of this Commonwealth.
He died President of the Acadsmy of Arts and Sciences, in this
State ; President of the Humane Society ; Do&or of Laws in the
Universities of Cambridge and Edinburgh ; Fellow of the Royal
Societies of London and Dublin, and of the Society of Arts in
Great Britain.
No trait in his chara&er was perhaps more distinguished, than
his last, his death : Infpircd by religion, and upheld by the father
of mercies, he endured a most painful sickness, with the grcateft
firmnefs and patience; and received the stroke of death, with a
calmness, a resignation, and composure, that marked the truly great
and good man. Thus has died, if not the pride, at Icaft one of
the brightcft ornaments of his country, and of human nature.
649-
STREET, BETWEEN' SECOXD AND THIRD STREETS, PHILADELPHIA
Boston, Nov. 11
Army,
Hon. Mr. Russell,
General Lincoln.
[Whole No. 164.]
It mud afford genera] fatisfaftion to the public at large, when
it is known that the family of the Hon. Mr. Boudoir., deceased,
jet an example worthy el general imitation, in conforming to the
bye-laws of the town, refpefting the wearing ot mourning.
The Hon. Mr. Bottdoin, has, we hear, among other legacies, left
UWJUnc donations to the Uiiivcrfity at Camb.idge ; to the Aca
demy of Arts and Sciences, and to the poor of the Rev. Mr. Tha-
Cher's Church.
ROME, (Italy), August 7.
SOME Frenchmen are arretted almost every
day in this metropolis. The order extends
to every rank, strangers, priests, or hereticks ;
they are immediately conducted to the frontiers,
and wished a good voyage, after being firft strict
ly enjoyned to appear no more in the Pope's do
minions.
BERLIN, (Prussia), August 8
Since thefignature of the articles of pacificati
on, the armies of General Ufedom and Henkel,
have received orders to unite, for the formation
of a body of 60,000 men, under the command of
the Duke of Brunfwick.
That experienced leader marches into Ruflia,
immediately upon the Empress's declaration that
she will not accede to the proposals for peace be
tween her and the Porte.
His Majesty gives up his claim to Dantzick and
Thoine, to demonstrate that the object of his
arming was merely the eflablifhmeiu of peace
and the welfare of humanity, Bucliareft is to be
the feat of negotiation.
M. Beigin goes as ambafiador from Pruflia to
Conltantinople.
LONDON, September 10—14,
PARTICULARS OF THE LATE FIRE, AT MADRID.
This dreadful fire, that has been burning up
wards of ten days, has nearly deflroyed in l'lace
Mayor, one of the handfomefl squares of the ca
pital, and themoft filled with tradefinen's fhnn* ->
- i.Lua par.: '.i, t 14.11 sroiv oi'liouics of an ad
jacent ltreet, upwards of 80 in all, have already
fallen a prey to the flames ; which the public
prayers, many soldiers and workmen, with a
small engine, and several squirts, have not been
able to extinguifli. The firs began at midnight :
forthwith the miraculous image of St. Roch was
uncovered and brought, in procession, to the
square, but the conflagration, notwithstanding
the presence of the Saint, and the fervent pray
ers of the multitude, did not rage with less vio
lence. The holy sacrament succeeded but with
as little success ; the Duke of Medina Celithen
substituted the sacred image of our Saviour, be
longing to the Capuchin's convent in his hotel.
Tliefe i'ucceflive pious efforts lasted more than fix
hours, during which time it was visible the
workmen preferred prayers to exertions. The
Dominicans have been reproached with having
refufed to bring forth our lady of Atocha, a Ma
donna, who never fails of success. The fire, it is
said, was owing to a private gentleman's devoti
on, who kept, night and day, many lighted ta
pers before the shrine of a wonderful image.
Wednesday evening the NewYearwas ushered
in by the Jews, with that foleninity which diftin
guiflies that holiday from all others. The nieu
appeared in their different Synagogues eloatlied
in shrouds ; the women all in white ; which cast
a very awful refle<stion on the ungodly among
them ; for it is presumed, that on that feftival
the almighty fits in judgment for poor sinners ;
and on that account the [ews invoke angels, pa
triarchs, and deceased friends, to intercede for
their iniquities.
After the conquelt of Zettin, the Turks were
conltrained in their flight to abandon a great
number of children ; previous to which they fatt
ened round the necks ofthefe little unfortunates,
a note, on which was written as follows : " May
the God of mercy inspire with pity those int»,
whose hands this innocent child may fall. Praise
and glory to thee, all-merciful God ; Thou haft
formed man for life. Wherefore dost tlioufuffir
thy children to deltroy eath other ?—Ah ! nii
ferable orphans ! Abandoned by the aufhor of
thy existence—God alone sail be thy guide and
thy ptotedtor." ,
Our Northern neighbours punish/with exem
plary severity a crime which is evary day com
mitted in this metropolis with impunity. The
butchers blow up their meat to distend the skin
ny fibres, and give the meat th» appearance of
fatnefs.—Veal, in particular, is every day blown
up with breath ifl'uing from lungs infetfled, per
| haps, with the worit of all difeafcs—but, in fact,