GEORGE WASHINGTON,
PRESIDENT OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA.
WTo all to whom these prefentsJhali cone,—Greeting.
HEKEAS a Treaty ot Peace and Friendlhip, between the
UmtedStatesof America.aud the Creek nation of Indians
Was made aod concluded onthe seventh day of the present month
ojAuguft, bftflNßY Knox, Secretary for the Department of
War, who was duly authorized thereto by the President of the
I-ntted States with the advice and consent of the Senate, on the
one part, and the Kin'gs, Chiefs and Warriors of the said Creek
nation, whose names are thereunto signed, onthe other part; which
Ircaty is in the form and words following :
anjjriendjhtp made and concluded between
otHlflun ¥ I"! f'c € / A "' n,ca > on the part, and behalf
7 d Kings, Chiefs an,! warriors of the
C reek natron of Indians on the part and behalf of the said natwn.
™epart,esbeing defrous of eflablifiin.permanentpeace andfriend,
flub between the United States and the fa,i treek nation, and the citizens
ut?s and i" f ' Zi" rem T "" "a 1 " °/ war b*f«rta,nin g then
rZkttd , nf n trnecefiry juji ant friendly' arrangements :
it/y/t J , Un f d L Sta '" b n "i*ry Knox SecrMnJor the de
partment ol tear, whom he hath conjlituted with full powers for these
Sta'tes'AnUl C I ,headv ! ce 1 "" d »f»" Senate of the United
crs til r n "" onb y*' and Warn.
"4 r 4*M>"S tlx said nation have agreed to thefollow, n & articles, viz.
article r.
THERE ftiall be perpetual peace and friendfhip between ali
thecitizens of the Un.ted States of America, and ali the .nd.vi
duals, town, and tribes of the upper, middle and lower Creeks
and Semanolics, compofirig the Creek nation of Indians.
ARTICLE 11.
The underlined Kings, Chiefs and Warriors, for themfelve;
and all parts of the Creek nation within the limits ot the United
States, do acknowledge themselves, arid-rhe said parts of the Creek
nation, to be under the proteflion of the United States ot Ameri
ca, and of no other sovereign whosoever, aud they also stipulate
that the laid Creek nation will not hold any treaty with an indi
vidual state, or with individuals of any state.
ARTICLE 111.
The Creek nation (hall deliver as fonn as practicable, to the
commanding officer of the troops of the United States stationed at
tti Kock-landing, on the Oconee l iver, all citizens of the United
Mat s, white inhabitants or negroes, who are now prisoners in any
part of the said nation. And if any inch prisoners or negroes
mould not be so delivered,pa or before the tirft day of June en
luing, the Governor of Georgia may empower three perforis to
repair to the said nation, in order to Claim and receive such pri
loner* and negroes.
ARTICLE IV.
The boundary between the citizen* of the United States and the
Creek nation, ts, and (ball be, from where the old line ftrikcs the
river Savannah—thence up the said river to a place on the molt
northern branch of the fame, commonly oiled the Keowre,where
a North East line to be drawn from the top of the Occunn.l moun
tain mail interna—thence along the said line in a South Wist di
rection to Tugelo river—thence to the top of the Cvrahee moun
tain—thence to the head or source of the main south branch of the
Oconee river, tailed the Appalachee—thence down the middle of
the said main south branch and river Oconec, to its confluence
with the Oakmulgee, which form theriver Altamaha—and thence
flown the middle of the said Altamaha, totheold lineon the laid
liver, and thence along the said old line to theriver St. Marys.
And in order to preclude forever all diTpute. relatively to the
head, or source of the main south branch of the river Oconee at
the nlace where « ttiatl be interfered by ttt: line aforefa.d from
the Currahee mountain, the fame shall be ascertained l.v an able
surveyor on the part of the United States, who shall be afliftcd by
three old Citizens of Georgia, who may be appointed by the go
vernor of the said state, and three old Cicek Chief, to be appoint
ed by the said nation, and the said surveyor, citizens arid chiefs
shall assemble for this pnrpofe on the firft day of Oftobcr, one
thousand seven hundred and ninety one, at the Rock-landing on
the (aid -iver Oconee and thence proceed to ascertain the said
head, or source of the main south branch of the said river, at the
place where it (hall be interfered by the line aforefaid.to be drawn
irom the Currahee mountain. And in order that the said boun
dary shall be tend.red diftinft and well known, it shall be mar
ked by a line of felled trees at lead twenty feet wide, and the trees
chopped on each fide from the said Currahee mountain to the
head, or source of the said main south branch of the Oconee ri
ver, and thence down the margin of the said main south branch
and river Oconee, for the di(lance of tw.nty miles, or as much
farther as may beneceffary to maik diftmffiy the said boundary.
And in order to extinguiffi forever all claims of the Creek nation,
or any part thereof, to any of the land lving to the northward and
eastward of the boundary herein described, it is hereby agreed in
addition to the considerations heretofore made for the said land,
that the United States will cause certain valuable Indian goods,
now in the state of Georgia, to be delivered to the said Creek na
tion : and the said United States will also cause the sum of oue
thousand and five hundred dollars, to be paid annually to the said
Creek nation. And the undersigned Kings, Chiefs and Warri
ors do hereby for themselves and the whole Creek nation, their
heirs and descendants, for the considerations above mentioned,
releafc, quit-claim, relinquifti and ceue—«ll the land to the north
ward ana eastward of the boundary herein described.
ARTICLE, V.
The United States solemnly guarantee to the Creek nation, all
their lands within the limits ofthe United States to the wcllward
and southward of the bouidarv defenbed in the preceding article
ARTICLE, VI.
If any citizen of the United States, or other person not being
an Indian, shall attempt to fettle on any of the Creek's land»,fuch
person lhall forfeit the proteflion of the United States, and the
Crerkt may punilh him, or not,as they please.
ARTICLE, VII.
No citifcen or inhabitant of the United States, {hall attempt to
hum or destroy the game on the Creek lands. Nirftiall any such
citizen or inhabitant (>o into the Creek country without apaflport,
firft obtained from the governor of some one ot the United States,
or the officer of the troops of the United States commanding at
the nearefl military post on the frontiers—or such other peifon
as the President of the United States may from time to time au
thorize to grant the fami.
ARTICLE, VIII
If any Creek Indian or Indians, or person reading among
them, or who (hall take refuge in their nation, (hall commit a
robbery or murder, or other capital crime, on any of the citizens
or inhabitants of the United States, the Creek nation, or town,
or tribe, to which such offender or offenders may belong, shall be
bound to deliver him or them up to be punished according to the
Jaws of the United States.
ARTICLE, IX.
If any citizen or inhabitant of the United States, or of either
of the territorial diilrilfo of the United States, shall go into any
town, fettlemmt, or territory belonging to the Creek nation of
Indians, and shall there commit any crime upon,or ttefpafsagainft
the person of property of any peaceable and friendly Indian, or
Indians, which if committed within the jurifdift on of any state,
or within the jurifdittion of cither of the said diftri&s, against a
1 WOuld bc P u » by the
1 fubieft to th~ r ' fucl ' offender or offenders fhal! be
in the fami P u «'<Wnt, and fhal! be proceeded a-ainft
the °^ t " ce had becn committed within
beloC ft !l , ftatt '° l r d ' (l " ft to which he or they may
S a em " n or white inhabitant thereof.
ARTICLE, X.
als of trhtr n7i' CnCe V P " { °" b ° r P r °P eJt >' ° f 'he individu
m «ed bv,hfn L y,nC ' th -7/ et V , i ti ° Dnot rc P" fal com.
o(he Dartv, f ?\ D 7 l rdt ' sMl °" "»» have been demanded
the party of which theaggrefTor is, and ihall have been rcfufed.
Tk „ , _ ARTICLE, XI.
Of anv d 2„ IFI n ° t,cc to the Clli " ns of the Un iced States
anv nriwhK ' " . thc V "»>' k»»«, or fufpeft to be formed in
Deace and^m rm rt : a " y pcrfon whatever, againtt the
P cc and mterefts ot the United States.
„ , ARTICLE XII.
That the Creek nation may be led to * greater degree of civil
ization, and to become herdsmen and cultivators i.ilt<?ad of re
[?me r "f ng 'V ftatCO ' hu " terS ' tha Unlted Stat « wi » fr °,n time to
time furn.fli gratu.toudy the (aid nation with ufef.il domeflic ani
malsand implements of hu(bandry. And further to affia the
"ln ° A r a P urfuit - aodaf the fame time to ef-
V :ert , a V" mode of com rr.unication, the United States will
end such and so many persons to reside in fa id nation as they may
judge proper, and not exceeding four in number, who (hall qualify
f " """Peters. Tliefe persons (hall have lands
iffignedthcm hy tlie Creekjfor cultivation, for themfelve, and
iny r k md"ar r X. O,ECe: b °
aii • , . r ARTICJL*
All animnfities for pad grievance, ft.ll henceforth cease, and
the contiafting parties will carry the foreeoin°- treaty into full ex
ecution, with all good faith ,n/f,„cmty ° X mtofuUel <-
ARTICLE XIV.
* and be obligatory on the contrasting
u havc bcen "'ifiedby the Prefidem
.h/un'ucdttr 5 ' WUh th = adVICCiBd -nfc nt o y fth. Sena, of
' ™ of , a " and ev "y H"'ng herein determined be
tween the United States of America, and the whole Creek
nations, the parties have hereunto fct their hands and fc.ll,
in the city of Vew-York, within the United States, this
leventh day of August, one thousand seven hundred and
ninety.
TI _ ,n Malf of tie United States,
HENRY KNOX,)
Secretary of War, and r ole Com-f / \
miifioner for treating with thef" (ft 1 - S - )
Creek nation of Indians, )
Jn behalf tf them/elves and the rvhole Cuek nation of Indians,
Signed and sealed by
ALEXANDER McGILLIVRAY,
And the Kings, Chiefs, and Warriors of the
Cufcuhs, Little T.llifee, Big Tallifee,
1 uckabatchy, Natchez, Cowetas. Of the
Broken Arrow, Coofades, Alabama Chief
Oakfoys. V
Done in presence of
Richard Morrii, Chief Jultice »l the State of New-York
Rich jd Varick, Mayor of the City of New-York, '
Marinus Willitt,
Thomas Lie Shifpek, of Pcnnfylvania,
John Rut l edge, junior,
Joseph Allen Smitb,
Henry Izard,
Joseph Cornell, Interpreler.
mark.
NOW KNOW Ye, That I having seen
*no considered tfee fwd treaty do, and with rhc
advice and content of (he Senate of the United
States, accept, ratify and confirm the fame, and
every article and clause thereof; In testimony
whereof I have caused the fealofthe United
States to be signed the fame
with my hand.
Given at the city of New-York, the thirteenth day of August
in the year of onr Lord, one thousand seven hundred and
ninety, and in the fifteenth year of the foverei'gntv and
independence of the United States.
(FeS
G. WASHINGTON.
By the President,
THOMAS JEFFERSON.
By Command oj the Prejident of the United Slates of America.
HENRY KNOX.i Secretary for the
' ) Department of War.
♦ NEW-YORK, AUGUST 14.
Yesterday the treaty of peace and friendfhip between the Uni
ted States and the Creek nation was solemnly ratified by the con
trailing parties, in Federal Hall, in prefenceof alargeaflertiblvof
citizens —The Vice-President of the United States—the great offi
cers of State—his Excellency the Governor—and of several mem
ben of both Houses of Congfcfs.
At 18 o'clock the President of the United States, and his fait—
General Knox, the commiflioner ; the clerks of the department
of the Secretary at war; Col. M'Gillivrav, and the Kings, Chiefs
and warriors of the Creek nation being a'ffembled, the treaty was'
read by the Secretary of the President of the United States
The President then add reded Col. M'Gillivray, the Kings
Chiefs, and warriors) he said that he thought the treatyjuft andr-l
qual ;ano stated the mutual duties of the contrafling parties; which
address was communicated sentence after sentence.by Mr. Cornell
sworn interpreter i to all of which the CieeJts gave an audible assent
The President then signed the treaty—after which he prefentei a
string of beads as a loken of perpetual peace; and a paper of to
bacco to smoke in remembrance of it ; Mr. M'Gillivray rose
made a ftiort reply to the President, and received the tokens. '
This was succeeded by the (hake of peace, every one of the
Creeks palling this friend>y salute with the President; a song of
peace performed by the Creeks concluded this highly interesting
solemn and dignified tranfaSioa.
We are ini'ormed, by a letter dated July 3d,
from Kingston, Jamaica—" That no (hips were
to fail for Britain until the 2jth of July, and then
to have a convoy. On the second ult. arrived
there the 6sd regiment, under the command of
Lieutenant-Colonel Charles Horneck, which had
been embarked from Ireland, and proceeded to
Halifax, Nova-Scotia, where Lieutenant Col.
Horneck found orders to fail direcfily, without
landing, for Jamaica. This corps is to be follow
ed by the jth battalion of the 60th, which is hour
ly expetfied, to augment the military force in Ja
maica. Another regiment is also ordered from
Ireland, with a reinforcement of men of war,
both daily looked for—every preparation of war
is making. Lord Effingham,the governor, is in
a very bad state of health, and it is thought will
not recover.
559
The news-papers liave paragraphed Congress
for the ilownefs oftheir proceedings—the length
of the lilt oftheir acts will take ofi'a great deal
from the force of the charge. In that lilt are
many acts comprehending objetfls in the liigheft
degree contentious and arduous ; and rendered
doubly so by the state jealousies and prejudices
which this government inherits from its anceitor,
the confederation. As much of the ordinary bu
siness ot legislation has becn done, as could be
expetfted, and at last the great things are provid
ed for, which the people have been so anxious
about. The debt is funded, a law has palled for
feeling the accounts, and public credit lias a
foundation to reft upon. Tiiis, however impor
tant, is not all. A system is formed for reducing
the debt by purchases in the market, with the
surplus revenue of a million of dollars, and witij
a further sum to be borrowed.—This will save a
great deal to the public, form a finking fund,
gradually to pay off the whole debt, diminish
the loss to the country by foreign speculations, and
inflead of keeping the money locked up in the
revenue chest, it will scatter it among the peo
ple ; it will restore confidence in government,
aiulraife it higher than it ever was. Little more
than a year of the existence of the new govern
ment has elapsed—what more has the molt: fan
gume admirer of it expetfted in so short a time >
America, tho relpedted for the wisdom of its con
stitution, has been considered as in a state of
childhood with regard to credit and money mat
ters. The report of the Secretary of the Treafii
ry, and the concluding measures of this feffionof
Congress, adopted in conformity to his opinion,
will raise the reputation of our country. A fyf
temis begun which needs only tobefteadily pur
sued, to extinguish our debt, and to fecureall the
advantages which we have hoped to derive, from
the eftaWifhment of the constitution. Probably
there is not in the world a nation which has half
so good c a life for hops, as the American.—such
an expectation, so well founded and so nearly re
alized, tends to prove itfelf true It inspires the
people with afpirit and energy, which increases
their strength. Those who kindle discord, mur
mur agamlt the government, as unfaithful, lazy
and ignorant, and croak about ruin as the conse
quence, make themselves and others unhappy
poison that harmony, and dainpthat enterprize[
lull of hope, which would otherwise be at work
to bring about better times.
A cool observer will have frequent occafionsto
wonder at the readiness with which accufationa
again It government are made and believed. The
charge is taken for true, and instead of collecting
proofs, we find the acrufcrs engaged iu IhewiaS
the pernicjous consequences of the allcdgcd de
linquency. Congrels is inveighed again ft for
proceeding tardily, an d the world is told that
many months have been trifled away, not onlv
without doing any good, but with a design to pro"-
tract the term of the payment of their wages.
To enquire is a work of the underftanding±to
rail and call names is a matter of paflion. All
have paflions and very often feel them—and thnfe
who have the lead undemanding are most under
their dominion : But tho all have some under
itanding too, they will not always make the bed
u l e ° f what they have. It requires the knowledge
of lomefadts, and some leisure to compare
together, to make up a found judgment upon fub
jetfs which lie remote from the path of common
enquiry Gongrefs Ihould be compared with
other pubhcbodies. AH bodies are flow in motion.
But it may be questioned whether business has
« en iT re tranfatfed in the state
assemblies than m Congress. Great which
divide and agitate the whole society, becaule
they portend the most important and extensive
coniequences, cannot be hurried, Very often
by giving time for passion towaftc itfelf in fume
right measures are approved at the time of their
adoption, which on their being firft announced
were obno*,ous.__The aflumption of the state
debts was long in debate. The public has the
means o f judging, by reading the Gazettes, whe!
thei this ast of justice, this truly national mea
sure has not been vindicated from a multitude
otobject.ons, which at firft were urged aaainft 5,"
A number of obft.clesto our being? JSha e
been removed. Many occasions have been take®
away, which could only be used for deadly pur
poles, lnftead of complaining, we ought to think
our rulers too happy that those things which havt
cost other nations blood, and, what is more pre!
cons, liberty, have cost us only time. In order
to learnto love our country as well as it deserves
we fliould compare it and its administration with
every other on earth.-The time will come, a
° U I if"" 0 " only can prevent its arrival, Uen
the name of an American will give a title tn r»f
pea in the furtheft corner of it. res -
* _ BOSTON, Saturday, Auguil 7 1
Caps. Crust, who arrived here on Wednefdav last in A,
from Bilboa, informs, that at the timp nf I*. J '
a declaration ol war 7
he fell in with five or fix britilh men of war
cruising off the Spanish coast He fo,in r L ' ° were
Galleon, bound into port-he «,Xc °! W " ha S P anlfh
Britilh cruifers-butthe Captafn'of IheGaUc„»' f °"P auon .° {
guns, merely laughed at the mfo.mauon ' po ' ntln » to V