Tent With respect to the French eftabliikments in
the different parts of the world, not mentioned
in the present decree, which by reason of theii
lunation, or being of less importance, have not
appeared deserving of being comprehended in the
dilpolkions decreed for the colonies.
This inflru&ion is calculated for all the colonies
mentioned in the decree, with this difference :
lIK That with refpeft to Martinico, the firjl place
of assembling the colonial Ajfembly ftiall be at Fort
Royal; at Guadalotipe, Baffeterrc ; at Cayenne,
Cayenne ; at St. Lucia, the Carenage ; Fort
Louis ; the lfle of France, Fort Louis ; at Bourbon,
St. Dennis.
2d. That in Martinico, Guadaloupe, the I fie of
France and Bourbon, there shall be appointed in the
parijhfs, one deputy jor every yo a (live citizens ; in
Cayenne and Guiana, one for every 2 J ; in St. Lucia,
one for every 20; in Tobago, one for every 10, ob
frrving the fame regulations at at St. Domingo, for
the fraiiional numbers, andfor thep.irifbes which have
not the number of citizens mentioned.
3d. That in the i*Jlrn{iionj fr>it t<r these colonies,
there fhatl be fupprejfed in the firjl article, what con
cerns the provincial jiffemblies, provided none exijl
tut at St. Domingo.
NATIONAL ASSEMBLY
•" ' y
THIS day the Count tie Mirabeau piapofed ti
he Aflt-inbly an amendment of one of the articles
A' the decree on the right of making peace and
tvar, -viz. " That no treaties that lhould be at
my time entered into with foreign powers, whe
ther of commerce or alliance, lhould be valid, till
ratified by the National Aflembly." This amend
ment was agreed to. He then proposed an ad
ditional article, viz. " That all treaties, or con
ventions, that had been entered into with foreign
powers in the King's name, down to the present
time, IhalJbe examined by a special Committee,
chosen by the Aflembly, who lhall, previous to
the end of the present session, make a report
thereon, to the end, that the Aflembly may de
termine which of them ought to be ratified, and
to what extent they ought to continue in force-
This article meeting with general disapprobation,
M. de Mirabeau consented to withdraw it, and
the question was adjourned.
Two letters were then read from the Munici
pality of Montauban, stating that tranquility
was restored in that city, that the National
guard was new modelled, and that the Protestants
forgetting their difaflers, were intent on contri
buting tothe happiness of the people. The Mu
nicipality eypreilcJ r- «t«. ...btj-*
on the bad consequences offending a detachment
of the militia of Bordeaux to Montauban, and re
quelled the Aflembly to coiilider the subject, and
make a new decree. The two letters were or
dered to the Committee ofßrports.
PROVIDENCE, JULY 24.
Last Saturday afternoon we had loine rain
here, attended with sharp lightning. The wind
blew heavy in the bay, ana one vefiel was in
danger of fouoderingat her anchors. The lloop
Venus, of Norwich, bound from hence to New
port, came to anchor under Warwick neck, and
was afterwards ftrnck by a fla/h of lightning,
that tore off several feet of her mast, which, with
the rigging, went overboard ; the remainder of
the malt was ffiivCred, the splinters flying to a
cooliderable diltance, and several buts above wa
ter were started, but providentially none of the
people were injured. She was next day towed
into Newport.
A correspondent at Rehoboth informs, that in
the thunder-storm on Saturday afternoon the
lightning struck a row of button-wood trees, in
to which vails had been let for fence, within
three rods of the house of Dr. Samuel Allen,
and ran from tree to tree upon the fence, shiv
ering the rails, throwing fpliiuers many rods in
all directions, and ploughing the ground in se
veral places. Its effects were discoverable on 13
of the trees. Five men that had been reaping,
and who were within a few rods of the place, as
nlfo the people in the honfe, Iclt a Considerable
{hock, but happily no person wis Hurt.
An excellent niachinefarclearingdocks, deep
ening the beds of rivers, &c. on a most ingeni
ous model, has been conftrufted here, and is
jiow in operation.—
BOSTON, JULY 28.
Extraof a !ett:r from the Right. Hon. Viscount
de PONTEVES, to M. de LETOMBE, dated
cu board //;; Illuftre, Fort Royal, June 24th.
" I HAVE the honor to fend you duplicates ef
the papers inclosed in my dispatches of the 17th
—Eighty of the banditti have been taken up
— several of whom will probably be severely pu
niflied here, and tiie others sent to France. The
Mulattoes have been relcafed-—eight only re
main now in jail.
" Ihe Colonial General Aflembly conflicted
directly in conformity to the decree of the Nati
onal Aflembly, will re-unite and accomplish the
Jieceflary measures to secure a durable tranquili
ty, whirh is the only means favorable to com
merce."
NOTE
MonJ.i-
May 24.
THE TABLET No. CXXXVII.
" Uis impoffiblc to love a seCond time the thing that we have once truly
ceajed to love."
WITHOUT examining whether this maxim be true in all
cases, 1 will A:left a few in wiii'ch its tiuth can
not be queflioned. I believe it will beconfeffed that a man, who
has dace loft his attachment to his country, cannot afterwards
view it with any degree of complaccncy. That men do not love
their country from any abftratt reasoning about its merit, appears
from this circumitance, that the inhabitants of the worit country
in the world may be ardently attached to it; and those of the belt
country may be violently averse to it. The mod powerful and
univertal cauie of love to any country, is, a residence in it, at that
period ot liic whtuftrft impreflionsare formed, and when the force
of example is strong and irrefutable. Such a glow ot affc&ion
may be excited in favor of a local situation, that it will require an
extraordinary incident to eradicate it. The difficulty of destroy
ing this attachment conftuutes the difficulty of reviving it. The
foul cannot cafily torget the agitation it mnft have been thrown
into, by so violent a cause, as that whjch can extinguish the love
of country. A man, who from an inherent perverfenefs of heart,
becomes a traitor to his country, must ot courfc lose his love of
»t r because being perpetually-conscious that he is hated, ana de
fervts to be so, his own feelings must acquire a congenial cast. In
like manner, a perfoij >#ho fertoudy believes, he has received some
flagrant injury front l>if country, may be so irritated by a sense of
Ins wrongs, that his totally absorbs every delightful
(en fa lion in its favor. iHis former aftVdlions become transformed
into hatred and revenge and he can never enjoy any impulses of
pairiotifm afterward.
I It isan observation no less true than common, that the mod
violent and lasting disputes exist among those who were once in
I habits of the ftri&eft intimacy and triendfhip. When friends
fcrioufly difagrec, it can only result from some circuinftance caJ
culatec to excite so high a degree of provocation as cannot easily
be forgotten. Family quarrels are, of all others, fiie moil bitter
and unrelenting. There may be a fulpenfion (of friendfhip upon
lome flight causes of disagreement, but this is very different from
those severe and deep-rooted enmities, which create in the heart
sentiments of real difgufi and malevolence. Thcfe Once formed
in the breaftsof persons, who have formerly been on a footing of
cofdial esteem and good wilj, will perhaps never be eradicated.
I he maxim contained in the motto may therefore be true as it ap
plies to a friend ; that we can never love bim a second time, whom
we have once truly ceased to love. This view of the iubje& ftiould
induce us to guard againlt chtrifhing any causes of diiguft either
againlf our friends or our country ; for it is a moil melancholy,
as well as a most difgraceful circumstance to have a heart in which
the fentimerits of patriotism or friendfhip delight not to dwell.
CONGRESS.
HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES.
FRIDAY, JULY 23.
Dcbals on the Anicn4m:nt of the Senate to the Fund
ing lit//, to afume a part of the State Debts.
Mr. Jackson.
The second argument of the genile.nan is, that kmr States
have taken upou themfelvcs greater Sums than then/ propyl
tions or abilities to pay.
This, Sii, I think dubious, nor can it be ascertained but bv a
settlement of accounts, which alone can determine. But Sir
let us examine on the principles of equity, the claims of the two'
States which complain the motl, Massachusetts and South-Caro
lina. The forni.-r has, it is fmd, greatly 7 exceeded her quotn. The
fair method to jud ;e of this, is to compare her exertions during
the war with her ability. This foiid principle of judging, has
been loft fight of, although contended for, when the bill tor the
settlement of accounts was before the house. At the commence
ment of the war there is no doubt but the citizens of Massachu
setts in and near Bolton, fullered cor.Gderabiy ; but from the eva
cuation of that city to the end of the war, the felt the advantages
rather than the difadv linages of war—She carried on the medium
of commerce for the Union—her merchants and her country of
cotirfe were enriched—ihe became enabled therefore to make
greater c xertions, and no doubt did her part. Contrail this with
some others of the Slat's—overrun by the enemy houl'es and
plantations destroyed—commerce arretted—merchants and citi
zens totally ruined, and the mod opulent families beggaied. I
will leave to the ger.tltfmen from Malfachufeus themftlves—l will
appeal to their candot to determine tf their debt was double the
amount, which was thp better fate.
South-Carolina I shall however be told is on the other scale
and in a great mcafure, I will grant it.
The <: .faculties of that State have been great—the merits of her
citizens many, and her fufferings out of proportion with mot!
hut not all of the States. North-Carolina and New-Jerky fuf'
tcred nearly as much, and Georgia more. A great proportion of
the wealth of South-Carolina was preserved by persons who took
proteaion, or who resided in Europe the greatefl part of the war
—this was not the cafe with Ceorgia, her ci'izens were totally
beggared, and her country left a wild uninhabited defart ■ few of
those who took proteflion remaining. That wealth preserved
lett South-Carolina yet in a State of arllucnce- the would in the'
former Congrtfs have felt hcrfclf infultcd >1 the had beru consider
ed second in refourcc » any State in the Union. She is as -reat
now inrefource, and I btlicve that I speak wiih iuftire wVn I
advance that of the back inhabitants of that Sta c are
oppof.d to the meafcre Sir, they are republicans who hav.
fougi t and bled for the cause ot liberty, and know the value ol ,t
I know and regard them, such, and although I wish not to wound
the feelings of any gentleman prefer,t, I assert that they will fee
through this thin veiled artifice to take their poruon of Statepow
er from them, and they will feci that continual drain ol foecie
which muftt,kc place to fatisfy the appetites ot balking fmcula
tors at the feat of government.
The 3 cl. argument is t hat the funds out of which those debts
ought to be paid, are by the conftuution put under the direftuih
of the federal eovernmem, and this done by the people for the
express purpose of paying the debts of the United States ot which
tnele are a part#
' • T <?'V' r P men s ' S ' g,eat mea^ure done away—Conjrrefs have
i'sfak-n '.nrf X .h- " "J"* im p'°pct—■ ttrc impost alone
is tak.n, and this .s not grumbled at—the States gave it years a
;o when the payment 0 r State debts was not thought of tL
TbTs ft n, 'f' haSrCfl ' r,Cdto d ° CS r<- include the State
dbts the impost of s per cent, was required from the States for
the payment of the real debt of the Uu.on-fuppofe all the "J-el
olTebts ? thatraeaC " rC ' W ° Uld ' hc V noc ftiS have paid ,tu
The 4th argument that irrpofis and can V,,. k\n .J ,
tncier one f a , ls the
I hope ine hourc have no intention of briawincr-.h-m ') *,
,;n r , that Congrtfs will n,t be
•0..C. tnem in K.tct whiiu-h -prnly tti f aVOJr 4mea^"
546
The - sth argument of»the gentleman if it is notTully refuted
my reply to his firft and second, can be easily accomplifhcd.
It is, that equal jultice ought to be done to all the creditors, buc
this cannot be done by individual States ; Come of them bcin r un
able to make provifiow ; burthened beyond their quju, ana de
prived of former revenues.
By the prtfent mode, the argument is defeated, for the credit
ors are not on a footing—the whole .is not alfumed—j proportion
will therefore still be left to the mercy of the States, which ma/
be as backward in their payments now, as formerly. Without
the alfumption at all, the diftin&ion was not hard to be borne.
Jlt was to be borne. It was only b tween the Slate creditors and
those of the Union. At present, the diftin£tion is between the
lame State creditors—those who will benefit are the speculators
rtear the feat of government, and those near the commiflioncrs -
| whilst thole at a distance and who in moil probability arc the on-,
i ly original holders, will not be benefited. The creditors of one
State are not even on a footing with those of another. Maflachu
! setts, South and North-Carolina, have the one half of 21,000,000
allotei them the two former havt? near their whole debt. I
will call on gentlemen to know if any within this house, can/up
pofe they have a ballance of 10,000,000 due them ? The amount
of the debt of Georgia is more than was supposed, it amounts to
ftven hundred thoulaud dollar*—three hundred ihoufand of which
are onlv to be aflumed. If the measure is wile, the whole
lo be assumed.
I am not for this partial method—either the assumption ought
to be proportioned Co the rtprcft .Ation, or gem-rally, or
certificates ought to issue to the States for what they have funk as
to individuals.
Thf 6th argument is, that the measure is founded in good po
licy, as well as justice, as it will promote harmony amonj credit
ors and d.ffercnt States, attach them to the government and facil
itate operations.
That it is not founded in justice I think has been pretty well
fhewn—lts policy was clearly proved at a former day, to have
been a consolidation of the government ; and Sir, I believe with
it a consolidation of the people's liberties.—The object certainly
was the absorbing the whole of the Slate powers within the vor
tex ol the all devouring general government—seven years were we
[fighting to establish props for liberty, and in leli than two years,
finer the adoption of the conftitntion, arc we trying to k.ck them
all -away, and he is the ablest politician and the be ft man of the
day, who can do 1110 ft to deilroy the child of liberty ot his own
ratfing. A friend Sir, to ihe Slate governments, or the liberties
of the people, is as much loft at the present day, as if he had be
onged to the last century, and had a refurre&ioa in the present
°" C
Sir, il so much of this patriotlfra is loft near the feat of go
vernment, let us not fuppofe-it is the cafe with the whole of the
United Slates—The Slates will not tamely submit to a nuafure cal
culated todiftrefs, and manifeftly founded in injjifticeand the ru
in of the State governments.—So far will it be fiom producing the
harmony the gentleman has supposed, that I thinii I cai. venture
to prophesy, it will occafjon discord and generate rancour againlt
the Union. For it it brucfits inn patt of the United Sta-es, it op
press another. If it lulls the Shayfes of the north, u will route
the Sullivans ofthefouth. (To be ccntinaci.)
MONDAY, AUGUST 2
MR. GILMAN of the joint committee for en
rolled bills reported, that the committee had
examined and found duly enrolled the follow
ing bills—
i. "An A<ft to provide more effe<flual)y for the
collection of the duties imposed by lawi/ifgoods,
wares and merchaixtjLtr imported into the Uni-
the tonnage of (hips or veflels "
7 A " f° r r,lL ~ relief of John Stewart,
and John Davidfon."
5. " An Art to continue in force for a limited
eut ' tlei '> A A for the temporary
eltabhfhment of the Poft-Office."
4- " An Art making provision for the debt of
the United States."
The above were then signed by the Speaker—
and afterwards prefen»:ed to the President of the
United States for his approbation.
The Report of the Secretary at War on the
petition of Lady Stirling, was read the second
time, and agreed to.
The following Resolution was then parted, viz.
A efolved, 1 hat there be paid to Sa; ah Stirling,
the widow of the late Major General Lord Stn -
nig, the sum ot iix thoui ,nd nine hundred and
seventy-two dollars, being the half pay of a Ma
joi-General in ihe late American Ariny for the
term of seven years.
Mr. Boudinot, Mr. Thatcher, and Mr. A(he r
were appointed a committee to brine; iu a bill for
jhe purpose.
Mr. Jackson gave notice that he fliould to-mor
iow move lor leave to bring in a bill to provide
sOl the aliumption of three hundred thousand
dollars State debt, on account of the State ofGeor
gia, in addition to the sum in the Funding Bill.
Mr. Ames moved that a committee be appoint
ed to bring in a bill to declare the consent of Con
go's to an Act of the State ofßhode-Ifland, pass
ed before the adoption of the Coaftitutionbv that
State, laying a duty on Tonnage for the purpose
or enabling an incorporated compaify to improve
the navigation of Providenceßiver.
Mr. Smith, (M.) observed, that the provision
ought to be general—There are, said he, several
other rivers in States that have incorporated com
panies for the purpose of improving the naviga
-1011 of those rivers. He mentioned the Pot>w
nac, and Petapfco rivers.
After some debate the motion vras amended I®
adding Savanna river in Georgia, and Petapfto
river in Maryland—and then a committee was
appointed, confuting of Mr., Ames, Mr. Jackfoir, *
and Mr. Seney, to bring in a bill.
The Speaker introduced a letter from the Tre»-
fiuer of the United States, eudofini his account*
for the lalt quarter.
The report of the committee on the petition ȣ
Henry Emanuel Lutterloh, was taken into cob
fiderarion. The report being in favor of the
i-itioner, considerable debate eufued. The report
was finally negatived'.
Mr. Parker gave notice that lie should to-mar-