PUBLISHED WEDNESDAYS AND SATURDAYS BY JOHN FEN NO, No. 41, BROAD-STREET, N,EAR THE EXCHANGE, NEW-YORK
[No. 33, cf Vol. ll.}
DISCOURSES ON DAVILA. No. XVI.
(CONC tCDED.)
r ~*pposant, fans rc!£-:hc, avec trop de prudence
l.cs Guises anv Condeu et la France a U France.
Toujours pict" i s'imir avcc fc* rnnrnn*
it ciumgcrfin d'intetrr. He rivnux, ct cTan.i's.
Y OUIS, Princc of Condc, brother to the King
3~A of Navarre, full of ambition anil inquietude,
•j<l not reft raided % -si • few with
n-ief the mediocrity of his Fortune, anfwerfa ill
j the splendor ofhis birth. Without offices,go
'erninenis, or employments to support him, he
:ould not bear, bvt with a difcoritent which he
ookno pains to Conceal, the exceilive grandeur
■f the Guises, who monopolized for themselves
he firft dignities and fairelt employments of the
kingdom. To his personal mortification he join
ed the disgrace of the Constable, wliofe niece Le |
lad espoused. He was lo ltriftly connctted with j
»im, and with the Marchal of Montmorency his
"on, that he saw in the humiliation of their houie,
he completion of his own misfortunes. TheAd
niral of fhatillon, and D'Andelot, his brother,
nitated him itill more by their advice. The fir It
a'as an ambitious, but an able politician, who took
i lecret advantage of all occasions, to profit of
to raise himfelf to high power. The
ither, fiery, natfionatc, continually occupied in
intrigues ana plots, ceased not, by his diicourfe
snd example to nonrifh in the heart ol Louis, the
hat.ed already too deeply inkindled. This Prince,
transported with rage, and almolt reduced to des
pair, law no resource for him, but by canfing a
revolution In the State.
Such was the function of affairs—fucli the jca
loufies ntul animolites of the Grandees, ready, on
the flightelt occasion, to break out, in an open
f'Kiirf, when, in the month of July ISJ9»* ,a l 1 '
,1 eel the nncxpe&eddeath ot Henry lid billed
b accident in a tournament by Gabriel Count of
i ' iitmo' ~ncy, one of the Captains of hi 1 ? guard
•„Vanci«lfJ_ UitfldtH m h a weak undec^
ending, anil a delicate cotilcitiuioTr; rucceeiled
' 11. l'hofe evils, which even under his father
had been expected, hatlened to make tbemfeNes
i-lc, under his feeble reign. Secret enmities
v jreeaiily changed into declared hatreds—and
v-courfe was soon had to arms. The youth and
it lbecility of the King rendered him incapable
ot "(jvernin™,. It »as necellary tint lie should
Jtive not a guardian, bccaufe h~ had palled the
are of fourteen yean, the term fired for the ma-
Wity of the Ki-ngs of France ■, but Miuiflers,pi w
'.ieiic aud laborious, who should govern under his
■authority',' until time should have lortilied his
THiderlka'iiding, and invigorated his Conltitution.
'he ancient u(age of the kingdom, called (lie
IVincesof the blood to th > place—and indicated
j ne King of Navarre, and the Prince de Coude,
".ho united to the proximity of blood, an ejlab
' filed reputation The Duke of Guise and the
ardinal of Lorrain, uncles of the King, by his
• -art wiih the Queen of Scots, pretended that
-his honor belonged to them, in confederation ol
leir lon-r labors and services to the crown, but
[pccially because they had in faift enjoyed it,
tfrVn* the life of the late King. Catherine ot
iedicis, mother of the King, expected to govern
lone: She depended on the filial tenderness of
, ei - son fever a I examples authorised herpreten-
but !lte founded her itrongeft hopes on the
iivifionsof the Grandees—and theterror of each
ac r tion, Ica'ft the other should carry the point,
facilitated herdeiign. ■
The Guises were fenfiMe that they wan red the
advantage «f being of the blood, to which tiie
laws and c-uftoms of thertation had ufuallyconn
-ledthe'go c mnent of the kingdom. They fore
"iw moreover, the empi e which the ceroncijs ol
mother would have over the mind of her son,
'till yonng and without experience. 1 hey re
!blved therefore, by joining and acting in Concert
vith her, to 'divide h power which they cielpa.r
----d of obtaining entire. The Queen, a Pr.nceft
of rtfinM renins and mnfcriline courage, knew
♦hat the Pvinres of the blood, fuflcrc<. with im
> uienre t ire r.uthoritv and grandeur of Queens.
Jilie nhopght also, thai a-- a ftrat.ger and an Italian
jhe had occalirn t<> for: Tv hevlelf, with the fup
•port of fonte tafiion. She con '-nteci there.ore
cheerful!v to combine-with the Guises, whomfhe
f.w dilpofed to accept of part of t.iac authority,
which the bourbons would have pretended to ap
onriar eto rhemfclvcs « : bout partition. ' hei e
wajb.it one oWlaclc so the Primary ot tfc.s Un.c - ,
«. K i •• -V*.; tbe ontnefc- connexion of theG,
WEDNESDAY, AUGUST, 4, 179°«
Fes -with the Dutchefs of Valentincis, who had
pofiefled the heart of the late Kinj;, to the time
of his death. The occasion was piefling, and the
importance of the bulinefs would not admit ot
delay. On one hand the Queen, to whom dif
fiin ulation was not difficult, agreei.l to appear, to
forget the past, with the fame moderation which
(lie had (hewn, in bearing with J;e» rival during
the life of her hulband : On the.jUther, the Gui
tar p««n[jictt -wlrcrHy -cricU their prffistt interest,
easily betrayed their friend, by -mfenting that
the Outchefs fliould be disgraced and difmitled
from the Court—They only required that she
flioujd not be totally ltripped of those immense
riches, which mult one day revert to the Duke
ofAuinale, their brother.
The King of Navarre, was then al>fent, and
very discontented witli the King and the Court,
who, in the treaty concluded with Spain, had
given no attention to his interelts, nor to the rcf
citution of his States. The new coalition at Court
had, with great address, diflembarrafled them
(elves of the Conltable, by deputing him to do
the honors of the obsequies of Hciirv the fecoml.
The personage who has that commilfion, mult
not absent hirofelf from the placewhere the bo
dy isdepofited, during the three and thirty days
that the funeral pomp continues. Artifice and
accident, having thus removed the two great ob
ltacles, it was not difficult to obtain, of t rancis
the second, seduced by the careiles and the charms
of his Scottish Queen, an arrangement by which
heplaced the reins of government, in the hands
of his nearcft relations. JLvery thing which con
cerned the war, was committed to the Duke ot
Guile. The Cardinal had tlis departments of
Julticeand Finance —ami the Queen mother the
luperintendance of all parts of the government.
To eltablilli their fneafures, which had so well
succeeded, and thatthe com plaints and intrigues
of the difafFetted might not (hfike the resolution
ohheli*»-«iAJilirxaiin;e theirjjlan.thete was
"rio dtrnrrrbut the tim. inrnur-rr-rticir
fall upon the Conltable, whole prudence and cre
dit were dreaded by theGuifts, and againlt whom
the Oueen had for some time entertained a secret
aveiiion. The Guifts feared him, on account ot
the jealousy, which for a long time had openly
divided their houfes—bccaufe, notwithltanding
the fall of his favour at court, the reputation of
his wisdom, preserved him a great influence
throughout the whole kingdom. In 'heirieciet
interviews with the King, they artfully drew the
conversation to this fubjec't, i.nd exaggerated to
him the reputation which the Conltable enjoyed.
TRANSLATKI)
[OR THE GA'/.ITTI OF THE NIT ED STATES.
PARIS.
INSTRUCTIONS KOR THE COLONIES,
Prefer,ted to the National AJJemil), in the name of
the Committee appointed Jor that purficfe, the 2
Mart/>, 1790.
Kv Mr. Bar nave, Deputy !rom Dauplrny.
CONCLUDED.
ARTICLE TWE 1 KTH.
1 2 tli TV at the time when the parochial Aflcm
-1 bly is formed, there ihould exist in the
colony, a colonial Aflembly antecedently elected,
and if this Aflembly has not declared that it
judges it advantageous to the colony to replace
it bv a new one, the parochial Aflembly (hall be
oin by examining the question themselves ; It
(hall weigh all the reasons which can decide or
authorize the existing colonial Aflembly, to fnl
fil the functions pointed out l<; the decree 01
rhe National Aflembly, or to fui-.lirurein its place
a new Aflembly, eletfied agreeably to theprelent
inltrinJlion. ~ . „, , ,
1 »tb. The parochial Aflembly fliall be bound
to make up its opinion within fifteen days, reck
oning from that when the proclamation ftiali have
been"made, and to give immediate knowledge
t'iereof to the governor of the colony, and to the
colonial Afl'embly. Its opinion (hall be reckoned
for so many votes as it ought ro lend deputies to
the coloni.il Aflembly, in conformity with this in
ftrinftion. . ~ , ...
14 h. Whenever the term in wnich all the
pariihes Ihould have explained themselves, lias
elapsed, ihe Governor of ihs colony lhall verity
the number of the parifi.es which have given
c eir opinion in favor of a new Aflembly ; he
nnll make the rei'ult thereof known by publica
with the names of all the pariihes which
c deliberated,the choke which each has made^
545
and the number of votes which it ought to have,
in proportion to the number of its atftive citizens
he ihall notify likewise this fame result to all the
parishes of the colony.
ijtli. If the desire far forming a new Mont
hly has not been expreffcd by the majority oi
i the votes ofthe several parishes, the colonial Ai
, fembly already elected, Hial 1 continue to cxiit,
and shall be chargcd with all the functions indi
cated in the dccree of the National Aflembly,and
consequently tbey iliall not proceed in the parifli
es to new elections ; if on the contrary, the de
sire for forming a new Alfembly is exprefl'ed by
the majority of the votes of the parishes, all the
powers of the existing colonial Atfembly shall
cease, and they (hall proceed without delay in
all the pariflies, to new elections, in the fame
nianneras if no colonial Aflenibly had existed at
the arrival of the decree ; oWerving that the
| members, either of the colonial Aflenibly or of
the exilting provincial Afleniblies, may he elect
ed upon the lame conditions as the other citizens,
to the new Aflenibly.
16th. The colonial Aflenibly formed or not
formed in the manner abovementioned, fha'l or
ganize itfelf and proceed as appears suitable to it,
and (hall fulfil the functions set forth in the de
cree of the National Aflbmbly, of the Bth infh
observing to conform themselves in their labors
on the constitution, to the maxims announced in
the following articles.
17th. In organizing the legiflativc power,they
will recollett, tliat the laws designed for the re
gulation of the colonies, meditated and prepared
in their bosom, shall not have an entire and defi
nitive exigence, before they have been decreed
by the National Aflenibly, and functioned by the
King ; that if the laws purely internal, can, in
cases of pressing neceflity, he provisionally exe
cuted with the fandtion of a governor, and re
lerving the definitive approbation of the King,
and oi the legillitnre of trance, the Jaws that
and which can in no wife change or modify the
connections between the colonies and the metro
polis, can receive not even a provisional executi
on, before it has been confccrated by the national
will ; it being understood however, that the mo
mentary exceptions, are not comprehended un
der the denomination of laws, which refpecl the
importation of prdvifions, which may take place,
in cafe of prelfing necessity, and with the fandlion
of the governor.
iSth. In organizing the executive power,they
shall obfeive that the King of the people of
France, is, as well in the colony, as throughout
the empire, thq only chief and supreme head of
this part of the public power. The tribunals,the
administration, the military forces, shall ac.
knowledge him for their chief ; he/hall be re
presented in the «olony by a governor, whom he
shall have appointed, and who, in cases of pressing
necellity, shall exercise his authority provisional.
ly ; but always ebferving the express refervatioH
of his definitive approbation.
■DRAFT OF A DECREE,
Propofcd by the Com?nittce.
The National Aflembly, after having heard
read the injlruftions digested by the committee of
the colonies, iii execution of its decrees of the
Bih inft. for the colonies of St. Domingo, to which
are annexed the small Islands of la Tortue, ]a
Gonave, and Me a Vaches, for the colonies of
Martinico, Guadaloupe, to which are an.-.exec!
the small Island of Defirada, Maria Salante, les
Sain:s ; the i'rencli part of the Island of St. Mar
tins, Cayenne and Guiana, St. Lucia, Tobago,
the Island of France and Bourbon, has declared
its approbation and adoption of the said induc
tions in their fulleft extent ; consequently it de
crees that they fliall be tranferibed 011 tlieprocefs
verbal of the feflion, and that its President {hall
wait upon the King, to pray him to give them his
approbation.
It moreover decrees that the King fliall be sup
plicated immediately to dispatch the said instruc
tions, as well as the present decree and that of
the Bth inft. refpetfliiig the colonies, to the gover
nors established by his Majesty in each ot the
said colonies, who shall observe and execute, the
said inftrucftions decrees, as far as concerns them,
under penalty of being responsible for theeonfe
quences, and without the necellity of their being
regfltered or published by any tribunals.
Moreover the National Allembly declares, that
it does not mean to e)iu<st any thing for the pre-
[Whole No. 137-1