FOR. THE GAZETTE OF THE US'IT ED STATES.
MR. FENNO,
r T" , HE pitriots of America were little more weary of the dangers
1 and etlorts of a state of war, than of the confufions, dilgraces
and gloomy forebodings which succeeded it. That liberty which
cost such efforts, and was worth more than it cost, teemed ready
.to expire •; property was deemed insecure ; the union had no
thing hut opinion to support it ; a charm which was losing its
force by time, and the accumulated causes of internal hostility.
IVhile , New-York was taxing Conuefticut and New-Jeriey, aud
part of Maflachufetts, and MafTachufetts, was taxing a part of Con
vie£fcicut, and almost all New-Hampftitrc; while each accused the
other of delinquency during the war, and of injustice iince the
peace, all men of difceriiment saw with grief and terror the rapid
progress of things towards a state of civil war. 1 hank Heaven !
it is only a matter ot opinion; but that opinion is little ihort of
plenary evidence, that before this day the flames of civil war
would have been kindled. The high spirit ot Conne&icut could
ill brook the being tributary to New-Yoik. It is said that more
than one hundred thousand dollars were drawn yearly by this
Jattei state from its neighbours. Trade fuffered under rival regu
lations—mutual interconrfe was (hackled, and would soon have
been interdicted. Navigation and manufactures funk under the
-weight of foreign oppreflion ; all this time property was unfafe ;
-we bluftied for our country, while we trembled for its fafety.
When we adopted the Constitution, we justly relied upon the
■wisdom of its principles, and, perhaps flill more, upon the zeal of
its advocate* for an efficient and stable administration. What were
the defetts of the old form of government ? It was well enough
nn paper ; but in pra&ice it was a piece of mockery. Congress
had the fwxjrd, it h true ; but a f\vord that must be kept in the
icabbord till the rust had conlumed its edge. The States had each
a sword too, and what was better, a purse, and in that purse some
of the States kept their own and their neighbour's money : It was
a house divided against itfelf; it was a constitutional mob ; a chaos
xnade more confufed toy attempting to arrange it into order ; a per
petual conflict between constitution and administration ; it was
■worse than a state of nature in which each man is against his fel
low ; for here petty societies were ranged against one another; it
<wai order against order government against government; it was
a kind of feudal anarchy in which the social priuciple was per
verted to make the mifchiefof individual paflions more permanent
and deadly.
Those who believe in providence ought to thank heaven upon
their knees that we have escaped from a condition which afforded
no hope but in the extremity of the evil; that extremity produced
the constitution ; while it was in difcuflion, it was admitted that
•without the complete power of the purse, the government would
he a lhadow ; it would cheat the hopes of those who expe&ed
prote&ion from it.—For let it be remembered, a feeble govern
ment is a curse to a country ; for the paflions of men are con
ikantly struggling to escape the restraint of laws ; a government
too weaJt to rellraio these paflions becomes the instrument of
them.
Government is to foeiety what reason is to the foul; when the
authority of either is impaired, vice and ruin will ensue ; it is too
often said government is an evil : good government makes men
better than it finds them.—By impofiog an habitual restraint upon
the paflions, they lose much of their ferocity, and reason be
comes superior ; under good government man is a taught animal,
and gains more than all otheis by ditcipline.
Every feeble government on earth is a government of men, and
of bad men too, and not of hws ; the worst paflvon? are the tnoft
a&ive, and will gain the ascendency ; liberty if it can be called
such is then the moil infccure. Thofc who poflefs, are made wea
ry of it; its champions renounce its defence for its spoil. We
form societies for the fake of security ; a government too weak to
give it, is not worth preserving, and yet it must be preserved, if
at all, by the painful watching, and at the conllant peril of its ad
vocates.
We have gathered the ripe fruits of experience ; we have seen
the union prostrate; Congress with no more power and liule more
dignity than the trustees of a charity school ; we have supported
a government without having one ; allegiance and prote&ion said
to be reciprocal were rcverfed ; the government was prote&cd,
and paid homage to the State*.
The question on the ailumption involves all thefeconfederations;
if the State debts are notto be paid, it is a measure of violence and
wickcdncfs that Algiers would abhor. If they are to be paid at
acf. in the pound, and the States are to tax as they think lit to do
it, they mull occupy the principal sources of revenue ; these par
tial taxes will be dimcult to manage—they will be various in the
States—(yftem will oppose fyftem—confufion will ensue. The
people will pay much and the States get little. Besides the lofi
of money, it is bringing our government back to the confedera
tion. It is in practice what that was in theory.
Citizens qf America—you have not expe&ed another confede
ration—you have cheerfully adopted the conftvtution—you hav«
freely aided the government —you have prospered beyond exam
ple under it—yoyr itjduftiy, if not obftru&ed, will lead you to
"wealth.—Are you willing then by dividing the exercise of indi
rect taxation between Congress and the States, to endanger all
your hopes ? Revenue is power, and will not bear a partnership.
You will fee revived the deadly animosities which rival trade
jaws engendered in the States ; the arts will languish—the union
■will be relaxed—the graces of your heroes will be inoiftened with
the blood of ihejr brethren.—ls there in the world a government
■where the powers in question are exercised in partnerlhip ?—
If there is a bad government, and not worth what it costs.
Philadelphia, April 20,1700.
Died on Saturday night, in the 85th year of his age> the iflujlriovs
NjfAMJN FRANKLIN, of this city. His remains xvillbe interred
to morrow afternoon, atfour -o'clock, in Chrijl Church burial ground.
We are favored with the following (hort account of Do&or
Franklin's last illness, by his attending Physician.
THE /lane, with which he had been afflielcd for Jeveral years, had for
the lafl twelve months confined him chicflx to his bed; and during the ex
treme parnful paroxysms, he was obliged to take large doses of laudanum
to mitigate his tortures—flill, in the intervals of pain, he not only amu
sed ktmfeifwith rending and cOnvgrJibg cheerfully zcith his family and a
fewfriends, who visited him, but was often employed in doing bufiiefs of
ii public as well as <: private'nature, with varions persons, who waited on
him for that purpose ; and in every injlance df played, not only that rea
ding's and difpojition of doing good, which was the diflinguifhing cha
rall r eriliic oj h<s life, but theful/ejl and clearefl pojfeffion of his uncom
mon mental abilities ; and not frequently indulged him fdf in those jeux
d'efprits and entertaining anecdotes, which were the delight ej all who
heard him.
About sixteen days before his death, he mas seized with a fevcrifh in
disposition, without any particularfymtoms attending it till the third or
fourth day, when he complained of a pain in his left breafl, which increa
sed till it became extremely acute, attended with a cough ayd laborious
breathing. During this [late, when the severity oj his pains sometimes
drew forth a groan of complaint, he would obferve —that he was afraid
he did not bear them as he ought—acknowledged his gratefulfenfe of tht
many blrfjings he had received from that Supreme Being, who had raised
him,jrom small and low beginnings, to such high rank and confederation
among men—and nude no doubt his present ajfliftions were kindly
tended to wean him from a world, in which he was no longer ft to ail the
part affignedhim.
In (his frame of body and mind he continued till Jive days before his
deaih% when his pam and difficulty 6f breathing entirelyllet him, and his
fornilx were flattering thenifehes with the hopes of his recovery, when an
impojlhumaticn, which had formed iff!fin his lungs, fuddenlyburfl, and,
dfcharged a grea.; quantity of matter, which he continued to throw
up while he hadfujjicicrrt frength to do it, but, that failed the organs
of rtfpiratun became gradvatjy oppreJ[ed—a calm Uthargicjlatcfucctti
ed—and on the 17M, about 11 o'clock at night he quietly expired, clojtng
a long and ufefut life of 84 vears and 3 months.
It may net be amiss to add to the above account that Dr, Franklin, in
the year 1735, had a severe pleurisy, which determined in an abfcejs of
the left lobe of his lungs, and he was then almojl fujfocated with the quan*
tity and fuddennfs of the discharge. A second attack of ajimilar nature
happened some years after this, from which he soon recovered, and did
not appear tofujfer any inconvenience in his respiration from these dif-
tufa.
NATIONAL ASSEMBLY.
Paris, February 12
SUPPRESSION OF MONACHISM !
At length the mighty exploit of civil prowess is
atchieved-—the national aliembly of France, al
ter a debate of two days, in which reason and e
loquence combated againlt bigotry and clamor,
have adopted the following memorable decree :
" The National Ailembiy decrees, as a consti
tutional article, that the law (hall not authorize
monadic vows from persons of either sex ; declares
in consequence, that all religious orders which
exadt such vows, are and shall for ever continue
fupprefl'ed in Franee, to the exclufionof any fiini
lar eftablifliments in future.
" All the religious of either sex may, on mak
ing a declaration to their municipality, quit their
cloister, and proper pensions fhallbe without de
lay provided for their support, as well as houses
of retreat for those who do not desire to avail
tliemfelvesof the liberty granted.
" The Aflembly excepts houses charged with
education or charity, until it (hall finally decide
concerning these objedis. The nuns may remain
in their own convents, the National Aflembly ex -
prefsly excepting them from the operation of
that decree which enjoins the union of several
houses into one.
M. L'Abbe Montefquiou was the author of the
decree we have reported above, which was carri
ed by a great majority.
7 hus, in the firft Catholic country of the
world, is the axe at length laid to the root of that
tree which in its baneful lhade nourished so ma
ny noifonie reptiles, while it withered the blos
soms of humanity—which has folong impoverish
ed the nutriment of industry by its growth, and
so widely darkened the views of intelle# by its
luxuriance. ■
LONDON, Febuary 10.
Population.—ln a late calculation it appears
that there are in—
A few days ago a young couple went to be mar
ried at A(hton-uiider-Line ; when the ceremony
was about to commence, the lady walked out of
the church ; the gentleman, with much appa
rent eagerness, followed her ; in the inoft tender
manner, intreated her to return and make him
happy, to which {he at length consented. When
again in the church, and at the altar, the intend
ed bridegroom made a moil obfeqnious bow,
wished her a good day, and left her.
A fellow at Windsor, who lately ate a cat, has
given another proof of the brutality ofhisdifpo
lition—an instance too ferocious and sanguinary
almost, to admit of public repcl'entation.
He was at a public lioufe at Old Windsor, one
day in tliecourfe of last week, and, without ap
parent cause, walked out of the house, and with a
bill-hook fevered his hand from bis arm. His
brutal courage was strongly marked in this tranf
a<ftion; for the inhuman monlter made q strokes
with the instrument before he could effedl his
purpose, and at last actually made a complete
amputation. He assigns no other reason for this
terrible felf attack, than his total disinclination
to work, and that this step will compel the over
leers of his parifli to provide for him during the
remainder of his life.
UNION.
The STARLING. A Song.
(From the Concord Gazctlt,)
A BEAUTEOUS Starling late I saw
On lovely Sylvia's hand ;
To check his flight, around his leg
She ty'd a silken band :
In vain he flutters to be gone ;
Confinement is his lot :
In vain he drives to break the band—
And can't untie the knot.
Cease ! cease ! (he cried—here you (hall feed ;
And in my bosom reft :
No bird that ever wing'd the air,
Was half so much carefs'd.
If from my hand you (hould escape,
You may per chancc be (hot :
Then cease to peck—'tis all in vain'—
You can't untie the knot.
The Bird contented grows, at length,
While Sylvia strokes his plumes ;
Ere&s his little crest—and loon
His former notes resumes.
From what he'd heard the fair one fay,
These words by rote he got;
And oft repeated every day,
You can't untie the knot.
One ev'ning youthful Damon fat,
With Sylvia by his fide k ;
Reward my love at last, said he,
To-morrow be my bride.
Her blurtiesin his tavor rose ;
Yet flie consented not ;
For ere she spake, the Starling cried—
You can't untie the knot,
-16-
England 8,100,000 people
Scotland 1,500,000
Ireland 3,040,000
Total
J. 0 -H N TRU MBUL L h
For pubhlhing by iublcnption,
TWO PRINT S
Fro'rti ORIGINAL PICTURES painted by himCelf':
RF.PR fSt NTINC
The DEATH of General WARREN,
At the Battle of Bunkcr's-HiU ; and
The DEATH of General MONTGOMERY,
I ri the Attack of Quebec.
IN the Battle of Bunker's Hill, the following Portraits are intro
duced, American. British.
Major General Warren, Central Sir tl'it!iam Howe
Putnam, Sir Heny Clinton, '
Lieut. Col. Jfohn Srul!,
Major Vitcdirn, and
Lieut. Pitcoirn.
In the Attack of Quebec, are seen,
General Montgomery, Major Macpherfen,
Colonel Thompson, Captain Ckeefman.
CONDITIONS of SUBSCRIPTION.
THE Prints will be engraved by two of the mofl eminent AMhtin
Europe. Thefize will be 30 inches by 20. The price to fubfcribtrs,
three guineasfor each print, one half to be paid at the time oJJMribin**
the remainder on the delivery oj the Prints, which will be asJoon as the
work (which is Already cohjuderably advanced) can pojfibly be completed.
Subscriptions are received in America, only by Mr. Trumbull. All Jul
fcription receipts will befgned by him, as well as by Mr. Poggx, of Ln.
don ; under whole diteflio>n the prints are engraving, and willhcM.
UJhed.
These Pfints are thefirfiof hjeries, ih which it is propofedto rtpri.
Jent the moji important events of the American revolution.
No period of the hiflory *f man is more interesting than that in hshick
we have lived. The memory of scenes in which were laid the fmia.
tionsvf that free government, which secures our national and individual
happiness, mufl remain eter dear to us, and topojletity; and if Hatml
pride be in any cafejuflifiabie, Americans have a right togiory in Huikg
given to the world an examp le, whoft influence is rapidly fpreadinffrc
I ova offreedom through other nations, and every where ameliorating the
condition of men.
To affijtin preferring the memory of the illuflrious events wkchhi «
mat ked this period of our country's glory, as well as of the men toko Hike
bren the mofl important aflors in them, is the object of this undertaking.
Hiflorians will do juflice to <xn ccra so important; but to be read, thelan.
guage ih which they write, mu/l be understood —the language of Painty
is univerfaf, and intelligible 111 all nations, and every age.
As fever al years of his timr, and a vety consider able expence,are necej\
fary to accomplish this undertaking, it would be an imprudent fatnfu it
the mere hope of reputation, to go more deeply into it, without a froiak:.
lUy of ultimate fuccejs. That he may judge of the degree of this trobn
bility, Mr. Trumbull, by ths: advice of his friends, proposes this fulfcrip.
tion, andflatters himfelf wi th a hope of meeting that patronage fm his
countrymen, which willjujhfy his pursuing the objefl icith ardor y and
without which it is imboflit le that so etpenjivea work Jhould be continued.
The fubjefls probofed tt> be reprrfentedy in addition to the two foul
ing, of Bunker's-Hilland Quebec, are
* The DECLARATION
4 BATTLE .at TRENTON,
* BATTLE of PRINCETON, \
SURRENDER of General BURGOYNE,
TREATY with FRANCE,
BATTLE Df EUTAW SPRINGS,
* SURRENDER <?/YORK-TOWN,
TREATY of PEACE,
EVACUATION of NEW-YORK,
RESIGN ATION of General WASHINGTON,
The ARfCH at TRENTONi
IN AUG U RATION of the PRESIDENT of the UNITED
STATES.
Each pittur c will contain Portraits of the principal charatters, mht
were present at the scene represented. Those marked with Stars, are ccn
fderably advanci d—and the Prints from the whole will be executed of tkt
fame size, and by the mofl cmirunt engravers.
New-York, April 2, iyqo.
12,640,000
ADVERTISEMENT.
NOTICE is hereby g;ven to all the creditors of Philip
Denmaw, now confined in the common gaol of Newark,
in the county of EfTex, That the Hoiiorable Court of Common
Pleas, in and for said county, have appointed Tuesday the 25th
day of May next, for the creditors of said Philip Denman, tom«t
at the Court hou.fe in Newark, at nine o'clock of the day aforefaid,
and (hew cause to the judge of the said Court if any they haw,
why an afTignment of the said insolvent debtors estate (houldnct
be made, and he discharged according to the ast of the Legifl»*
ture of Ncw-Jerfev in such cafe made and provided.
PHILIP DENMAN.
Niwark, April 14, 1790.
♦ To be SOLD,
For CERTIFICATES, Or exchanged for LAND,
TWENTY -Two acres of ground in the City of New-York,
fronting Great George-Street, Bowry-Lane, and Greenwich-
Lane. On the premises is a brick dwelling house containing M
rooms; a smaller brick house with four rooms; a house with a
brick front with two rooms : In each house is a Kitchen, and un
der the whole four cellars; a never failing spring is near oneot
the kitchens; a frame (table and a coach-house with llables.
From the dwelling house both the North and the East rivers are
plain to the view. Additional improvements have been made
this Spring, the ground has been laid out for pleasure as well rs
for utility; it is provided with variety of orchard and other fruit;
part of the land has also been sown with timothy and clover.
To be fold for certificates of the national debt, which will be re
ceived at the nominal value, Dollars at Bs. Or for good upland,
even il covered with wood, provided it is situated on the follow
ing rivers,or on creeks as far as navigable,communicating with the
fame, viz. At the Potowmac abova Alexandria/at Tames River a
bove Richmond, in South-Carolina, about one hundred milestrom
the sea (hore, on Santee Edifto or Ponpon river, or on Savannah
river. If not fold at pi ivate sale before the xsth of May, it
then on the above terms be disposed of by Public Vendue at the
merchants Coffce-Houfe.—Fof further particulars enquire of Mr.
Poellmtz on the prtmifes. New-York April 10, x 79°*
ASH, and a geirerous price given for Conti*
nental, New-Hampshire, Mafiachufetts, an,d Rhode-IflM 1
securities, of every denomination, by
EBENEZER THAYER, jun. No. 59, Water-Strut
New-York, April 17, 1790. ,
William Taylor,
Has for Sale, at his EAST-INDIA GOODS STORE,
No. 4, Bur ling-Slip,
Aflortment of EAST-INDIA GOODS*
Among which are the following Articles:
BOOK Muslins 8-4 6-4 5-4 || HUMHUMS,
Jackonet do. j| Long Cloths,
Hankerchiefs,of various kinds,|| Calfas,
Chintzes, j| Seersuckers,.
|| Boglapores.
A Variety of liandfome painted MUSLINS.
With many other Articles, which will be fold by the Pie ce
PROPOSALS,
Package, low for cacti.