PREMIUMS
Propoj'eJ ly the Philadelphia Society, for promoting
Agriculture,for the year 1790.
[Continued from our laft.J
X.
FOR the best: comparative experiments on the
culture of wheat, by sowing it in the common
broad-cad way ; by drilling it, and by fettingthe
grain, with a machine, equi-diftant ; the quanti
ties of feed and produce proportioned to the
ground, being noticed, —a gold medal ; for the
fecondbeft, —a silver medal. The account to be
produced by the tenth of January, 1791.
XI.
It is a generally received opinion, that horses
in a team travel much fafter than oxen ; yet some
European writers on husbandry mention nianyin
llances, in which it appeared, not only that oxen
would plough as much ground as an equal num
ber of horses, but also travel as f.ill with a loaded
carriage ; particularly when, instead of yokes and
bows, they were geared in horse harness, with
such variations as were neceflary to adapt it to
their different lhape. Toafcertain the powersof
oxen in these particulars, and the expence of
maintaining them, thefociety deem matters of ve
ry gieat moment; and are therefore induced to
offer a gold medal forthebeftfet of experiments,
undertaken with that view ; and for the next best
a silver medal. In relating.tliefe experiments, it
will be proper to describe the age and size of the
oxen, their plight,the kinds and quantities oftheir
food, the occasions, manner, and expence of /hoe
ing them ; in travelling, the kinds of carriages
used, and weight of their loads, and seasons of the
year, and the length and quality of the roads :
And, in ploughing, the size and fafhion of the
plough, the quality of the foil, the depth of the
furrows, and the quantities ploughed : And, in
every operation, the time expended, and num
ber and forts of hands employed in performing
it; with many other circumstances which may
more fully elucidate the subject. These experi
ments will enable the ellayitt to determine what
will be the bed form and conftruiftion of yokes
and bows, and what of ox-harness, to enable oxen
with the best carriage of their bodies and heads,
the most ease, and quickest step, to draw thehea
vieft loads, a description of cach ofwhi h fort of
fears, explained on mechanical principles, must
e subjoined to the account of experiments: To
be produced by the firftday of January, 1791.
XII.
For tlie best methods, within the power of com
mon farmers, of recovering old gullied fields to
an hearty Itate, and such uniformity, orevennefs
of furface, as will again render them fit for til
lage ; or where the gullies are so deep and nume
rous as to render such recovery iinpracticable,
for the belt method of improving them, by plant
ing trees, or otherwise, so as to yield the impro
ver a reasonable profit for his expences therein,
founded on experiment, —a gold medal ; and for
the next best, —silver medal. To be produced by
the firft of January, 1791.
XIII.
For the greatelt quantity, not less than five
hundred pounds weight, of clieefe, made 011 one
farm in any of thefeltates, equal in riclinefsand
flavor, to the Gloucelterfhire cheese, hitherto
usually imported from England, and which shall
be produced to the society by the ill day of Ja
nuary 1791, —a gold medal; and for the next
greatelt quantity, not less than two hundred and
fifty pounds weight, of like quality,—a silver
medal. XIV.
For the bed method, deduced from experience,
of railing the American white thorn from the
feed, for hedges, and the greatelt number of
plants raised in a space not less than half an acre,
a gold medal ; for the second belt, —a filvei me
dal. To be produced by the firft of December,
17 9°
The society believjNg that the culture of hemp
on fonie of the low rich lands in the neighborhood
of this city, may be attempted with advantage,
do hereby offer a gold medal for the greatelt quan
tity of hemp railed within ten miles of: he city of
Philadelphia. The quantity not to be less than
three tons ; for the second greatelt quantity,—a
silver medal. The claim to be made by the firit
of December, 1791.
* # * It will be left to the choice of those fuc
cefsful candidates for prizes, who may be entitled
to the plate or gold medals, to receive the fame
either in plate or medals, or the equivalent there
of in money.
The claim of every candidate for a premium is
to be accompanied with, and supported by, cer
tificates of refpeiftable persons, of competent
knowledge of the fubjed:. And it is required,
that the matters, for which premiums are offered,
be delivered in without their names, or any inti
ination to whom they belong ; that each particu
lar thing be marked in what manner the claim
ant thinks fit; fnch claimant fending with it a
paper sealed up, having on the oufide a corre
sponding mark, and on the inside the claimant's
name and address.
Refpetting experiments on the prodncfts of
land, tircumftanccs of tlie previous and fubfe
XV
quent slate of the ground, particular culture giv
ven, general itate of the weathei, &c. will be pro
per to be iu the account exhibited. Indeed in all
experiments and reports of fatfts, it will be well
to particularize the circumstances attending them.
It is recommended that reasoning be not mixed
with the fads ; after stating the latter, the former
may be added, and will be acceptable.
Although the society reserve to theinfelves the
power of giving, in every cafe, either one or the
otherfof the prizes, (or premiums) as the perform
ance fliall beadjudged todeferve, or of withhold
ing both, if there be no merit, yet the candidates
may be aflured, that the society will alwaysjudge
liberally of their several claims.
Publijh-d by Order of the Society,
SAMUEL POWEL GRIKFITTS, Secretary.
Philadelphia, March <)th, x 790.
QUEBEC, December 28
Agriculture Society.
Minute of the Special Meeting of the Directors
of the Quebec Branch, 21ft December, 1789.
" Ordered, That the Process in preparing Seed
" Wheat, as communicated by Mr. Carrier, be pub
« HJhed in the Quebec Gazette, and in the Herald."
FFOM the experiments madebyMonf. J. Car
tier of the parilh of St. Antoine on Chamblee
River, laid before the Directors of this branch,
it appears, that SMUT in WHEAT, may be effec
tually prevented by using the following precau
tion.
Let the WHEAT intended for SEED be thrice
thoroughly walhed, and let the water drain from
it after the third washing; thenfteepit eighteen
hours in brine ltrong enough to float an egg, and
spread it on the floor to let the brine run off; but
whillt the WHEAT is yet nioilt, let quick lime
be equally lifted over it. ftirringic very well with
a Ihovel, and continue lifting on more lime until
the WHEAT is equally dusted with it, in the pro
portion of half a gallon for every bulhel of
WHEAT. By Itirring it well with a Ihovel, the
WHEAT will soon be dry and fit for sowing.
Some exceeding smutty IVheat, or what the in
habitants call bled charbonne, was prepared by Mr.
Cartier in the manner above direcfted and imme
diately sown ; the sample sent to the Directors of
this Branch, as the produce of that very smutty
Wheat was good, clean well-filled grain.
By Order of the Directors,
HUGH FINLAY, Sec'ry.
BOSTON, March 27, 1790
FROM FRANCE.
" Had we nothing to oppofebut the army, we
might soon bring these abje(ft mercenaries into
non-exiltence ; but the difdainful high clergy and
the enraged aristocracy are composed of so many
dangerous men, that by their duplicity and ma
chinations it is poflible they may turn the fcaleiu
favour of the former government : Beiides, we
are surrounded with powerful princes, who we
cannot expedt will long continue idle fpe&ators.
The French WASHINGTON, the young hero
who fought several battles in the course of your
glorious revolution has been chosen Generalillimo
of all the militia of the kingdom by the universal
voice of the militia at large. Each province
strove which fnould be foremoft in confiding its
liberties in the hands of the truly noble and illus
trious the Marquis de la FAYETTE. How fortu
nate were you to have the federal government ef
tabliihed without the loss of a single man ; this
Ihows the charafteriitick wisdom of those enlight
ened men who were the promoters of that happy
event. Since the English language and American
Liberty are come in falhion, the libraries of our
Literati are crouded with books on politicks, con
stitutions, &c. but I mult sincerely confefs that
one of your home productions seems to have the
preference from the perspicuity of the ideas and
the force of the style. Publius has gained a de
served applause, and is ranked among those
whose works will reach posterity. Many of the
belt families within my reach are preparing to
cross the Atlantick next spring, and should the
troubles continue much longer, the emigrations
mult become of consequence to your riling em-
THE ARTS,
Nothing gives us more fatisfadtion, than to note
the happy advancement of the Arts and Sciences
in our country. Atprefent we have the peculiar
pleasure of announcing to the citizens of Ameri
ca, the completion, by Mr. Gullager, of an e
legant bust of THE 1 RESIDENT of the United
States, in I'laifter of Paris, as lafge as the life
in which the beholder, at firft view, recognizes
the Great Deliverer of our Country. The Con
noifleurs who have visited Mr. Gull a ger's room,
to examine this beautiful piece of statuary, are
unanimous in pronouncing its merits, and the
merits of the ingenious artilt who has produced it.
So anxious are even the countrymen for the as
sumption of the State debts by Congress, that one
having read in the papers its being effected, cried
out in great extafy, " joy to thee my friend—l
wish you joy," "of what?" alked the other,
" Why thatCongrefs has confi/MerftheSrate debts."
412
American hemp.
The indefagi table exertions of John R et>( ] £<- d
and others, in promoting the growth of tine
valuable article of commerce, Hemp, merit much
from their country as from the spirit for cul
tivating this commodity which now reigns, there
is not a doubt, but in a few years, a favin'a M ;|j
be made of £.7o,oooayear to the commonwealth
in this single article. Tuesday fen'neight, a load'
raised by Mr. Read, was brought to town from
Roxbury, and pronounced by judges, to'be far
fuperiourto the bell RufliaHeinp. And on Satur
day last, a load, of equal quality, raise.l by Major
Rugglts of Roxbury, was brought to town ; and
it is with pleasure we can inform the public from
the bed authority, that Hemp raised in this State
is continually bringing to market. [A bounty ol*
12s. per cwt. is given by this Commonwealth for
all merchantable Hemp railed within the fame
as also a bounty on Duck, Sail Cloth and Twine
which is extended to January, 1792.]
AMERICAN CLASS.
It is with pleasure we learn that theglafs Ma.
nufadtory in Maryland, is thriving fait. The
glass lately man ufaftured there is equal in quality
to that imported from Europe : when we con.
fider the great expence and labour attending an
undertaking of this kind, the advantage and be.
nefits resulting from the eltablifhment of Manu
factories in America, we cannot but hope that the
encouragement of both public and individuals
will be equally great. —We learn that Looking
GlafTes will be manufactured atthefe worksinthe
Spring.
Just publiflied, by
CAREY, STEWART, AND COMPANY,
No. 111, of the Vllth volume of
The American MUSEUM,
UNIVERSAL MAGAZINE,
And to be fold by THOMAS ALLEN, No. iJiQuben-Smeet,
where iubfcripiions are received, at 2 Dol. and half pr. an.
CHARACTER OF THE MUSEUM.
,; TT has been uniformly conduced with taste, attention, and pto
"J. " priety. A more ufeful literary plan has nevrrbcen underta
ken in America, or one more deJerving of public encourage
" ment." His Excellency General IVaJhington.
" It has been conduced in a manner highly deferring of pub
„ lie encouragement." Hon. John Diikinfm.
" It far exceeds, in my opinion, every attempt of the kind,
" which, from any other American press ever came to my hands."
His Excellency Governor Livingjlen.
" I concur withthofe refpe&able characters, (General Walking
" ton, Hon. John Dickinfon, and Governor Livingfton) in iheir
" high opinion of the work, and of its execution." HisExcellea
cy Governor Randolph.
" The Museum is calculated to disseminate literary, political,
" historical, agricultural, and other valuable information, in a
" very advantageous manner, and to a great extent, and more ef
" pecially to preserve interesting documents from oblivion."
Rev. Dr. Stiles—Rev. Dr. Buight—Judge Hopkinftm—Bifhop
White—Rev. Dr. Euing—Rev. Dr. Magaw—Tench Ccxe, Esq.
Rev. Dr. Andrews— Judge Law—Judge Dyer—Judge Sherman-
Judge Pitkin.
New-York City Lottery.
SCHEME of a LOTTERY, for the purpose of railing SeveiThou
fund Five Hundred Pounds, agreable to an ACT of the Legifli
ture of the State of New-York, palled Bth February, 1790.
s c
i PRIZE of
3
to
3°
5°
12a
18a
796®
166*4 Blank!, ( 25«0OTickets, at 40s. each, £.50000
Subjett to a deduction of Fifteen per Cent.
THEobjefl of this LOTTERY being to ra»Te a part ofthefum
advanced by the corporation for repairing and enlarging the CI
TY HALL, for the accommodation of CONGRESS, which dors
so much honor to the Architect, as well as credit to the city. The
managers presume that their fellow Citizens will cheerfully con
cur in promoting the sale of Tickets, especially as the success of
this Lottery will relieve them from a tax) which must othcrwifc
be laid to reimburse the corporation.
The above SCHEME is calculated in a manner very beneficial
to adventurers, there not being two blanks to a prize.
The Lottery is intended to commence drawing on the Fi* sT
Monday in Aucust next, or sooner if filled, of which timely
notice will be given. A lift of the fortunate numbers will be pub
liflied at the expiration ot the drawing.
Tickets are to be fold by the fubferibers, who are appointed
Managers by the Corporation.
Isaac Stoutenbu rch, Abraham Herring*
Peter T. Curtenius, John Pjntard.
New-York, 6th March % 1790.
ADVERTISEMENT.
BY order of the honorable John Slofs Hobart Esquire, one of
the Justices of the Supreme Court of Judicature of the State
of New-York. Notice is heieby given to Paul Deyrell, now or
late of Long Island, Esquire, an abfeonding debtor, and to a'
others whom it may concern; that upon application and due
proof, made to the laid Justice, pursuant to an ast of the legina
ture, entitled " an ast for relief against abfeonding and absent
debtors," palled the fourth day of April, 1786, by a creditor 0
the said Paul Deyrell, he the laid Justice has directed all his the
said Paul Deyrelrs Estate, real and personal, within this State, to
be seized ; and that unless he shall discharge his debts within three
months after the publication of this notice; alt his Estate real an
personal will be fold for the payment and fatisfaftion of his
ditors. Djted at the city of New-York, the twemy-feventh a'
of March, in the ytar of our Lord one thousand fevert }jund r c .
and ninety. March 31. iav'3'n.
II E M E,
f-3^ 9
jooo
15»'
spoo
WF
/ .3000
1000
500
200
100
5°
20
10
4
31800