and advise in tlie National Aflembly, without vot
ing, till the conilitution lhall have fixed rules to
be followed in that refpe<3;."
Several members ©bjetftedtothe laftrefolution,
asdangeious to liberty, observing, that the Par
liament of England had never been corrupted but
by Ministers. Others maintained, that admiring
Ministers to advise, but not to vote, would be a
bulwark to liberty ; that being questioned on the
business of their refpe<ftive departments, without
previous communication, they would btTebliged
to answer without reserve ; and that it would be'
extremely difficult for a weak or wicked minister
to deceive the vigilance of the National A ffembly.
Both parties admitted the importance ofeftablilh
ing a national bank—but they were by no means
agreed on the resources to be expe<fled from Ame
rican faith, or American granaries.
The firft and lecond articles were adjourned
till Friday next, and the third till next day.
The Duke de Bouillon has offered 332,484 livres
to the nation, as the fourth part of his annual
income.
PARIS, October 18..
It is difficult for any one who has the feeling
and confederation of a man to observe without
real distress, the wonderful indifference with
■which the people here turn to the events of last
week, at no time, and at this less than any, have
they feemedtoliave a full sense of the importance
of the points they have gained, or even a common
one of the bloody scenes they have thought it
neceflary to a«sl over in their attainment. They
have long been unused to great exertions, or any
real concern about state affairs. By a retrogad*
fort of politics every one has been dead, but to
the business of throwing up his own fence, while
tJSe common chorus has been the grandeur and
glory of their rulers. Itmuftbe a new-born and
pure generation, a generation wliofe views are
directed to important objetto, that will give the
body of the French nation a just idea of their li
berties, and of what the birth right of man is re
ally worth. They now feel themselves capable
of being agitated, and whether it be the forma
tion of an aflembly, their own danger, the impri
sonment of a King, oralillof murders, they catch
at it to feed their wonder with, and throw italide
the inflant the novelty is off.
The arrival of the aflembly, and the departure
of his Grace the Duke of Orleans are the objedls
of this speculation. On the latter fubjedt the
public mind has not yet come to any determina
tion, though every thing that probability or ab
surdity can offer has been attended to, and the
"Surdities have bid as fair to get the majority, as
fair fuggefFion. oneTialFliouf rormeOllTTencn
cockade party in Hampshire, where the presence
of the Duke was indifpenfible—another voted his
Grace over to invite his British Majesty
toadinner and conference with the King of the
French in the Thuilleries Palace—and a third
loaded him with business of the firft political na
ture. His Grace's enemies only spread the idea
of his departure being neceflary—and it is an idea
which is less and less attended to every moment.
Perhaps one occasion of putting a flop to the
retreat of so many of the Members has been a re
solution agreed to by the e]e<ftors at Chateau
Thierny, declaring every member that forfook
the Aflembly, without the leave of his Conflituents,
a traitor, base, and an enemy to the nation. The
Aflembly came the fame day to a resolution against
more leave being given but on very urgent occa
sions, and uhat in cases of illness no unlimited
paflport should be granted till the member's place
wasfupplied by another.
The Hotel de Ville has this evening ifl'ued a
proclamation in the name of the Mayor, inform
ing the public of the arrival of the Aflembly, &c.
recommending peace and good order to the citi
zens—dcclaringthe inviolability of the represen
tatives of the nation, and pronouncing every fort
of difrefpeelful behavior to any one of them.no
less than treason to the nation itfelf, and an at
tack upon it,through thole it hadchofento main
tain its rights, secure its happiness, and defend
its liberties.
LONDON, Ofiober 14.
The public will be surprised to hear, that such
is the energy of British trade, that the London
market supplies Ruflia with furs !
The folntion of the paradox is, that the north
ern Chinese have been hitherto supplied with
American furs by the Ruffian caravans ; at what
an enormous expense maybeeafily conceived.
It is now trying whether a trade may not be
drove from Canton to the northern paws of Ghi
na, by which we may supply them with the ar
ticle dire<slly, and make our Chinese trade so
much less difkdvantageous.
The fur trade, in all its progress, is wonder
ful.
The American collector is frequently out twen
ty months among the Indians.
lib circuit among the snows and woods, tang.
1:1 ac once with ice and fur, is not less than
2000 .niles ; in all which journey he never fees
a -.vi.'ite face, nor tastes the comfort of human
c.v-verfe by day, or a bed at night.
O-.'i. 19. The chief advantage that has result
eel to Europe from exploring the distant legions
of another hemifpbere, has been, the introduc
tion of fonie of the molt ufeful plants and fruits
that are cultivated. Cherries were brought from
Pontus by Lucullus, and planted firft at Rome.
The pear,the peach, the apricot, andthe quince,
were refpe&iveiy b»oughtfrom Epirus,Carthage,
Armenia, and Syria; they were firfttranfplanted
jn Italy, and afterwards difleminated by the
Romans, through the northern andweftern parts
of Europe, then under their dominion. The
tree may be still alive, in China, that afforded
the feeds from which the firft sweet (China)
oranges were reared in Portugal.
Among ourselves, in the beginning of the 16th
century, we had neither fallads, cabbages, tur
nips, carrots, nor any of those Toots that consti
tute the principal part of the food of the poor.
Hops, pippins, and pale gooseberries, were in
troduced into these kingdoms about the middle
of the fame century, and the cauli-flower plant
was not known for, a considerable time after
wards, though now it is to be found in no other
part of the globe i(i equal perfection.
From the discovery of America, one ofthemoft
important advantages we derived, perhaps, was
the introduifiion of the potatoe—a root by far the
most ufeful of all others we have among us, and
which, though it now forms almost the only food
of the poor, was, little more than a century ago,
confined to the gardens of the curious, and pre
sented as a rarity.
0(1. 28. Not less than 200,000 families are
said to have quitted France on account of her
present diftraJted state; and as the exiles in ge
neral were those poflefled of the greatest proper
ty, they are calculated to have drained the na
tion of fifty millions of money.
Count Lally-Tollendal, generally efteemtd
one of the best informed, as well as best princi
pled members of the National Aflemblpr, having
withdrawn himfelf from that body, is a proof
that he nowconfiders the accjuifition of that liber
ty to his country, with which he had flattered
himfelf, as a forlorn hope—or that, if acquired
at all, it will be in such a degree, and by such
means, as not to be worth the purchase.
Count Lally-Tollendal, M. Mounier, the /ate
President of the National Aflembly, with the
Princess de Henin, and two or three other per
sons of diftindiion in company, directed their
route towards Germany.
The Count de Mirabeau, who is a kind of
French John Wilkes, is admired for talents, not
much depended on for the sincerity of his zeal in
favour of public liberty. To distinguish their
"abilities, to gratify their vanity, tt> brow-beat
their superiors, and to mortify their enemies,.are
powerful motives with most public chara<Sers,
while the credulous admiration of an undifcern
ing multitude exalts them into reputation for
firmnefs, benevolence, and patriotism.
ROSEAU, Oflober 10.
By accounts from Martinique, we learn, that
the disturbances which we mentioned in one of
our late papers, are so far from being abated,
that they seem daily to gain additional force
Our readers may remember, we left the French
general in our last accounts, at Fort Royal, to
bringoverpart of themilitary to his fide, against
the people ; we have since obtained the follow
ing particulars, which will form no bad sequel
to that account.
Itfeems he began with the subalterns, several
of whom took a certain oath of attachment which
he administered unto them ; but when he came
to the major, that officer declined faying, he
had already engaged himfelf on the fide of the
people. Incensed at his reply, he reviled him
in very opprobious terms, in whieh he was not
sparing of that epithet, so ofFenfive to a French
man's ear, with which we will not defile our
paper—fout—e, and informed him that he would
fend hiin his conge ; which the other replied he
was most heartily disposed to receive from him
our accounts fay that he laid the cane upon the
refra&ory major.
Frustrated in his attempts upon the infantry,
he made his next application to the regiment of
artillery—but with as little success. These in
formed him, that tliemfelves and culverins were
stationed there for the protection of the people
and for them only fliould be used. '
Driven to the last fliift, his distress suggested
the sorry expedient of having recourse to the
people of colour, who there form a considerable
corps. By a small dose of flattery these people,
so leadily to be caught by a little seeming atten
tion, promised to stand by him : and did so as
long as they usually stand firm to anything
that is, till their fears for their own persons be
came an object of more .weighty concern thev
then abandoned him. 3
The humiliating familiarities to which he
descended to this motley rabble, was truly dis
gusting. He embraced them, called them his
InfansznA cker Amis, and prartifed all the dirty
condefcentions, which those only who are con
versant in the praise-worthy art of cajoling can
form any conception of.
The effect of tliis conduct was, ns inightbe
expe&ed—infolence. One of this banditti pre
sumed to Itrikea grenadier. —This incensed both
the military and the people ; —the colifequence
was, their doughty leader was laid hold ot, who
his trnffy leaders left to his fate. He wns put
into confinement, and had the pleasure of be
holding from the window of his prison, him
whom lie had inspired with the innocent teme
rity to Itrike a white, fulpended 011 a gibbit.
The inhabitants of St. Pierre then afiembled
to confer on the nieaftires to be taken on this
occalion, when ten deputies were chosen to bring
the deposed commander to that part of the island
for trial, and twelve judges were chosen to pre
fideat that, 10 him, very important trial.
Thus flood matters at Martinico on Tliurfday
last : at which time a rumour prevailed that the
Marquis de Bouillee had fuffered death by the
extraordinary and ingenious method of being
put between two planks and fevered in pieces
by a cross-cut saw.
Oct. 14. Thirty-fix of the rebellious slaves
have been sent to Fort Royal for execution.
Their principal ringleaders were a muftee and a
mulatto, one of whom, had modestly pitched up
on the place of intendant, had they succeeded ;
and had call his eye upon one ef the most cele
brated belles of that iiland, as the partner of
his exaltation.
Of tliefe banditti two were broke on the wheel,
ten racked, fourteen hanged, and ren condemned
to the gallies for life.—Some of them were so
daring as to declare at the place of execution,
that the whites need not yet think tliemfelves se
cure, for that there was not a man of colour left
behind, but had sworn to carry their views into
effect.
RICHMOND, December 16.
Yesterday, the Diftrift Court of the United
States for the Diftridl of Virginia, was opened in
the Capitol in this city, where the fion. Cyrus
Griffin (formerly as Judge of the Court of Ap
peals for the Continent,and late President of Con
gress) prefidedas Judge,bcingfirft duly qualified.
Wiliam Marflial, Kfq. was appointed Clerk, pro
tern. James Innes, Jerman Baker, William Du
Val, and John Marshal, Esquires, were admitted
as Counsel in said Court :—After which, there
being 110 business depending, the Court adjourn
ed to the third Tuesday in March, to be holden
in the city of Williamiburg.
FOR THE GAZETTE OF THE UNITED STATES.
THE GUEST. No. XI.
While modes exotic rule the nation,
In dress, in Jpeech, and ;
Tho millions Jkout our fifing Jarne,
Our boajlcd Freedom 1 s but a name !
JN contemplating our situation as an independent Empire, theft
are some ideas that obtrude themlelves on the mind, which
greatly disgust every real friend to the dignity and hell interests of
our country—among others may be reckoned a propensity, not on
ly to imitate very closely, but to carry to the greatcft exccfs too
many of the absurd customs and tafhions of Europe. While our
country at large is nobly disentangling herfelf from former preju
dices, and endeavoring to form a chara6ter of her own—while
nmple, reasonable, and pra&ical institutions are Springing up in
various parts of the Union, which tend to nationalize the people of
these States, Fashion still connefls us with the *'house of bon
dage," by a chain that appears extremely hard to be broken : A
servile imitation of British modes of dress is symptomatic of weak
ness, and a want of due reverence for ourselves ; but this is an evil
of very interior concern, compared to imitations of their modesof
speech, and plans of education.
In the principal towns on this continent the American language
is spoken by the undebauched natives, with a purity unrivalled—
and if our own pronunciation can be preserved in its original ex
cellence, it will draw a line ofdiftin&ion between us and foreign
ers, especially the modern Britons, who are making rapid strides
towards a pronunciation, which will ere long give them a language
to be understood only by themselves. It is therefore to be wished.
that the capricious alterations, the grating, hiding, scratching
founds of novel reformers, may not obtain among us.
But the most absurd of all our imitations of foreigners, is that of
educating our children, especially the females, agreeable to the
forms of a modern English boarding school. It is not onlv ab
surd, but exceedingly cruel to thcil children, for even the most
wealthy of our citizens, to have their daughters taught the polite
accomplishments of music, dancing, painting, French, embroidery,
&c. while ufeful and substantial acquirements are neglected. The
former, so far from proving a defence and support when adversity
comes, are often the sources of misfortune and indigence. Thefc
accomplishments, experience verifies, are merely fuperficial, and
may consist with a tot?l abfencc of all those intellectual improve
ments, which constitute the most valuable traits in the female cha
racter : In this view they may be compared to the external orna
mcrits of a building, which is destitute ofevery internal accommo
dation. A man would discover less wisdom in purchasing an
estate by report, than he would'in chufing a wife by the dazzle of
such unlubftantial qualifications.
The following incident is founded onfa£ls : 11 For God's fake,
a penny, to save a wretch from starving"—said a poor, meagre,
ragged female, at 11 o'clock at night : Curiosity and companion
induced an enq&iry. What was the result ? Theonce accomplish
ed Mel i ssa, who fhonc, the firjl Jlar y in the most brilliant circles
but a few years since, thro a series of misfortunes, which stripped.
her family of its estate, is now a houseless, friendlefs child of want.
She was early initiated in every accomplishment of the bon ton —
but the hour of adversity was not contemplated, and consequently
not provided for. O, Sir, said (he, if I had been taught to han
dle the diftaff, and my mind had been imprefled with early sent*»
ments of humiliiy, and the importance of industrious habits, when
the dream of dissipation was over, I should not have fallen a prey
to the arts of feduftion, and now experience the vanity of my once
boasted education. Hapless Me l issa, may thy example impress
the maxims of wisdom and benevolence on the minds of the af
flueut, and teach them to unite the ufeful with rhe ornamental, in the
education of their children, since riches are an uncertain inheri
tance.