of the fell eme, tlfopped along-fule of the Duke of
York. They demanded the person of Ambx
Robin John, the brother of the grandee of Old
Town, and theeldeft of the threeon board. The
unfortunate man put the palms of his hands toge
ther, and befeeched the commander of the vetfel
that he would not violate the rights of hospitality,
Jior give up an unoffending itranger to his ene
mies. No intreaties could avail with the harden
ed Christian. Ke received from them a slave of
the name of Econg in his stead, and then forced
him into the canoe, where his head was imme
diately struck off in the fight of the crew, and of
his aiflidrcd and disconsolate brothers. As for
theui, they escaped his late ; but they were car
ried off with their attendants to the European co
lonies, and fold for (laves.
LONDON, October 16.
M. Bouche, deputy from Aix, lately declared,
that t he number of French, who had left their
country, exceeded 80,000, and that their subsist
ing revenue might be dated at 15 or 20 millions.
The scarcity of bread, which threatened a fa
mine at r*aris, and was partly supposed to cause
the late con volfion at Versailles, immediately ceas
ed, and plenty was proclaimed on the King's ar
rival at Paris. Ever since that time the citizens
have been compof'ed and fatisfied refpe<sling the
article of corn.
PARIS, August 2S. .
To prevent the scarcity of bread as much as pos
sible, several families of the patriotic party have
adopted the plan of eating rice inltead of bread,
which has been of great service ; and premiums
havebeen offered to labourers, as an encourage
ment fortheir workingdouble tides, to get in the
harvest, and furnifli the markets with freih grain.
There is no doubt but this scarcity is kept up by
some secret engines of the court party, enemies to
the present revolutions, whofeobject it is to fo
ment disturbances under the present lyftem of
Government. They have succeeded in several
instances, particularly in the frontier towns,
■where large quantities of grain are daily coming
from foreign markets, but are carried off without
any one's knowing what becomes of it.
October 10. A motion was made in the Aflem
bly on Saturday, for every Member to engage
upon his honor not to wear, or to purcltafe for
auy purpose, any but French manufatftures ; and
that his Majesty should be immediately petitioned
to famftion the resolution. A member cautioned
the friends of the motion against the confequen
cesthnt my ensue from foreign powers comingto
a resolution of the fame nature. The motion was
loft, not withdrawn, amidst violent noise andcon
fufion on all fides.
The invalid noti-commiflioned officers have
been admitted to the National AfTembly, with an
offering of 41. 4s. 2d. A Coffee-houfe boy (Coffe
dejoy) haspref'ented il.
FROM THE DAILY ADVERTISER OF YESTERDAY.
JUETHOD OF PRESERVING THE BEAUTY
OK TEETH.
FROM A LETTER OF DOCTOR MITCHELL, TO
SOME experiments which I have made upon
human teeth by calcination and solution,
convince me that they contain, particularly in
their outer coat, or covering, a large proportion
of calcario'us earth. This incrustation is
Screened by the arteries of the teeth, and regu
larly depolired all around, to defend them from
outward accidents. When it is corroded or worn
off, and the naked bone exposed to the operation
of air, fpittlc and ailiment, the diseased teeth
soon corrupt. While it remains unhurt and en
tire, they generally continue ufeful and orna
mental. But what avails the knowledge of these
facts, unless we gain some practical advantage by
thtm ? Fi om these fac r ts then, we may learn, that
the enamel of the teeth, which is so remote from
the influence of blood and nerves as to be near
ly allied to inanimate matter, is, like chalk, egg
iliclls and marble, readily a<fted upon by acids.
Whence a fuflicient reason appears, why very
tart apples occasion, soon after eating them, a
fort of soreness or unpleasant sensation in the
teeth ; why the frequent use of sharp vinegar in
pickles and fallads is injurious ; why lemon-juice
and tamarinds are also deitru&ive ; why spirit of
vitriol is itill more ruinous ; and why foot and
tartar, employed as dentrifices, by the acid they
contain, are often productive of irreparable mif
chief —as likewise why young folks who indulge
the pernicious habit of chewing allum, damage
their teeth exceflively. Hence too we may further
learn, that the bell way to preveut thejr decay
and loss, is to wash them frequently with ture
water, and wipe them clean with a foft towel,
and neither chemically cor rode them witn vegeta
ble and mineral acids,nor mechanically wear them
away by fcourinq; with hard and gritty powders.
Does it now feein at all wonderful, as people
are accullomed to take so many hurtful substances
into their mouths, that the teeth should fufler
detriment thereby ? Is it not ra her a matter of
surprise, considering all these things, that many
have any teeth left ? And is not your question,
" Why are bad teeth so common ?" in a gotxl
! measure anfvvered ?—So far therefore, as the pre •
fentfubjec r t extends,the preservation of BEAUTY
depends upon a f'ure and certain principle, easy
to be understood and followed. As to that liar
, mony of shape and features in which the remain
ing part of beauty consists, the pious Mr. Lava,-
ter thinks it is inleparably connected with moral
excellence ; I /hall therefore only add in the sen
timent of this molt able phyfioguoinift, that, the
■way to be handsome, is to be good.
TOR THE GAZETTE OF THE UNITED STATES.
THE GUEST. No. VI.
44 History is the Returie&ion of pafl ages."
PERMIT me to recommend to my young readers
the study of history, as the bell, and molt ufeful
source of knowledge :—Here the volume of nature
is unfolded, whole pages are the records of ex
perience—Here we may learn wisdom of the most
durable and important kind—and enjoy the be
nefit of those rules which result from the trials of
; virtue, and the misfortunes of folly, at theexpence
of part ages. History inspires caution, without
darkening the wind with prejudice, or suspicion
—It teaches us a just estimate of mankind, and
abates the awkwardness of surprise and wonder,
so natural to the uninformed.
The study of History is at once pleasing and
profitable—lt does not require intense application
—It may betaken up at a moment ofleifure, and
relinquished as other avocations intervene—and
thus may be made a save-all of the scraps of time,
none of which should be loft—for, as has been
observed, " of all prodigality, that of time is the
most fhameful."
History elevates the mind to a lofty eminence,
from whence we take a perspective view of the
tranfat r tions of mankind—Of those mighty events
and over-ruling which have deter
mined the fate of Kingdoms, States and Empires
—and while the a<flors on the world's great thea
tre pass in review before us, we are deterred from
adopting the habits of infamy, by the general
fate of vicious examples—and charmed to a love
of virtue, by the glory and happiness which crown
the actions of the wife and benevolent.
It is difficult to account for the general senti
ment, that History written at the period when
the tranfadtions recorded take place, is common
ly partial, without stigmatizing human nature ;
but the observation has too often been verified, to
be denied—Fear, favor, and affection, in some
form or other,have almost uniformly found means
to influence the pens of cotemporary writers :—
However universal this opinion may be, it is to
be hoped, for the honor and advantage of man
kind, that America will, if /he has not already,
produce Historians who shall intrepidly, and im
partially relate, the great events that her intre
pid sons have atchieved :—The relation of the
moment, if falfe, may be detected; but if time
rolls his oblivious waves over the transactions of
our country, before they are inferibed on the
page of History, many glorious actions will be
loft—and many a hero will be robbed of the ho
nors that immortality ought to iinprefs on his
memory.
Truth, is a fliort, but comprelienfive motto
—An liiftorian fliould make it his polar Star—re
jecting trifles—Extraordinarics, both good and
bad, should be faithfully recorded : The truth,
told of bad characters, in a well-wrote History,
holds tlieui up to eveilafting infamy—and makes
them serve as beacons to future ages—while it
proves the best elogium on the benefactors of
mankind—wliofe example excites the admiration,
and ensures the imitation of the wife and good,
wliilethey contemplate the fame glorious reward.
To learn the past, and future fate of Man,
With critic eye, the page of Hist'r y scan ;
From facts alone, Wifdotn her maxims draws,
And traces consequences to their cause :
Here Ages to the mind pass in review,
And Nature in the jlifted mirror fliew.
Ilappy the youth, whose free, unfetter'd mind,
Draws from this source, Truth, fimpleand refin'd ;
Who builds on Fa c ts the system of his creed,
And oftly follows whete dictateslr: ci.
UNITED STATES.
RICH M O N D, December
On Monday the twelve amendments to th"
ftitution of the United States proposed by Con'-
grefs were agreed to by the House of Deletes'
This circumstance cannot fail of giving general
fatisfaction to the community at large, Since i
proves thefincerity of thofc who were friends to
the government, when they declared in the Con
vention, that they would join its adversaries in
their endeavours to procure such as were rational
and proper, and would serve to remove the Tem
ples and fears of the confeientious and honelt •
For the friends to the federal government favored
these amendments even more than its adversaries.
From hence we may fairly conclude that a gene
ral union of fentinient on this great quelliouwill
Ihortly take place, and that such other amend
ments as may claim the attention ofCongrefs upon
similar principles will be acceded to by them and
us without opposition. The Senate is vet to de
cide upon the fnbjecft before the adoption on the
part of this State is complete—but as they too are
the Representatives of the people, and 110 doubt
inspired with the fame sentiments of patriotism
andwifhes to quiet the minds of the doubtful, and
apprehensive amongst their fellow-citizens—it
would be indelicate and offenfive even to suppose
that their votes on the subject will be different
from that of the House of Delegates.
Our most worthy and illustrious President, by
proclamation, was pleased " to recommendtothe
people of the United States, Thursday the 26th
ult. a day of public thanksgiving and prayer, to
be observed, by acknowledging with grateful
hearts the many signal favors of Almighty God,
especially by affording them an opportunity to
establish a form of government for their fafety
and happiness." On this solemn occafiondivine
service was performed in the house of delegates,
and the Rev. Mr. Blagrove, chaplain to the gene
ral aflembly, delivered a most excellent discourse
to a very refpec r table and numerous audience.
PHILADELPHIA, December 10.
The General Aflembly of this commonwealth
adjourned yesterday morning, to meet at the
State-House in thiscity on the firftTuefday in Fe
bruary next.
Yesterday forenoon the Convention for altering
and amending the Constitution of this State, in a
committee of the whole, reported, that the Legis
lative department fhouldconfift of two branches—
That the Executive Ihould be vested in a fmgle
person, under proper restrictions—
That the Judges Ihould hold their offices during
good behaviour, and be independent as to their
salaries, under certain limitations—
That the Supreme Executive Powerfhouldhave
a qualified negative upon the Legislature; and
that the Declaration of Rights requires alterations
and amendments, so as that the rights reserved
from the general powers of government may be
more accurately defined and secured.
December 12.
Thursday last the Convention for altering and
amending the Constitution of this State took up
and considered, separately, the resolutions re
ported in a committee of the whole on Wednef
day-
After which they were adopted, almost unani
mously.
The House then agreed to appoint a committee
of nine to prepare a draught of the New Conten
tion ; and the resolutions aforefaid are to be in
(lru&ions to the committee, as far as they ex
tend.
And yesterday the following gentlemen weie
appointed a committee to prepare a draught 0
the New Constitution :
William Findley, Edward Hand, Henry
James Wilson, William Irvine, William Lewis,
James Rofs, Charles Smith, and Alexander /
difon, Esquires.
It is with uncommon pleasure we behold at lad
the extinction of party spirit in Pennfyl^ 111 *'
The candor and liberality of Meflr's. M" 63 " 1 '
Wilson, Lewis, Sitgreaves, and others on 1
federal, and the accommodation and good en
r>f Meflr's. Findley and M'Clean 011 the late a' 11
federal fide of the question, have given the 1; '
eft fatisfadlion to all clafles of attendants 011 -
proceedings of the Convention. Reason
last recovered her long loft dominion anlo "" ve
and there is now no doubt but we shall 3
wife and energetic government that vv'Jl
and unite 9-roths of our citizens. Heaven
the wife and enlightened men that fu'ft P 31
a Convention for altering our Conftitutioni
thereby saved us from the anarchy ami 0 y
aCouncil of Censors ! Too much praise can
given likewise to the venerable oh- re PJI. an( j 3 l
party, who under immense torrents o
have persevered, and at length peaces ) : es )
ed, (and even with the consent ot 1 „e*r
a change in our government. Among 1 £ te &
speakers in the Convention who have a , , |jf orl
the attention of the public are Men rs - ton
of Wafliington and Sitgreaves or ■> learning
counties. The firft discovers reading an