tor hi in, I mil ft inculcate upon you tlie proprie ty, and neceihty of your lilleningto no otherfort ot evidence than that which isdelivered to you by Perfonstnyourprefnce. Hard indeed is the me thod oi trial before your tribunal, difguftiuo- i„ ome meaiure to your minds and contrary to the rules of law m other courts; where no decision is made, no verdict formed, until the tellimony ot both parties has been submitted tothofe fitting in judgement. But if you were to attend to writ ten evidence, it would be placing tliole criminated, 111 a Jiruation infinitely more harsh, and would fa vor ot a kind of persecution unknown to the free men ot this country j for no man shall be charged or convicted ot having committed any crime or odence, without having those who accuse 'him brought face to face. The fubttitution therefore ot written evidence instead of personal tellimony, v\ ou 1 1i ,>e an innovation of dangerous tendency and might be made the legal tool of oppression to the citizen when it can be in no wife jollified by policy or neceihty. Should a man be found auilty before you of any offence whatever, upon this and ° ; teflunony, you brand him with a which perhaps he may never have an opportunity of wiping olf. For fliould not his accusers ap pear before the petit jury at his trial, there is no method of acquittal for him from the clvirae which our law points out. True it is the coim will discharge him; bnt how will he come forth to his lellow-citizens ? Marked as a b a fe flagitious character ; and as one who only escaped the pun ifhnient he justly merited for "his crimes, by the nt r. or perhaps misfortune of his accuser. i nici, uon this, gentlemen, to you, because it is propci you should be well informed upon a point so favorable to an impartial trial; and it is with the yjre confidence that I have dwelt so long on thisi dea, because the judges rtf the court are unanimous. V 01 tno opinion I have now given you. Perhaps it would be 1 ufßcient that I fliould add no other reason than what I have dready submitted to your consideration. But it is also a maxim a dopted by one of the bell authors who has writ ten on the criminal law, that a prisoner has a right to challenge a grand juror. This, it is true, has not been recognized by the prac tice of this court, but I contefs I fliould feel in clined, if a prifoger should object to one of you, to upho ,! the objection, and support the prifon ei s right to challenge ; More innovations have crept into the proceedings of your body than this alone ; foi formerly the evidence for the prisoner as well as againfl him, used to be heard by you! But this has been discontinued, and thebenefitof it, I fear, irretrievably lolt to the unfortunate pri soners. Precedents increafeprecedents; and in novations multiply innovations. Theruleoflaw gentlemen in this cafe is very clear, and has lon.' been underftoodby profeflional men in the man" ner I have now explained it to you. . Let us not then permit a doctrine offo alarm ing a nature, as that of written evidence, tobea ilopted by us in our criminal courts. If, there fore, there should be any written documents, ot the guilt of tiiofe vvhoareto be tried, the papers and indictments delivered to you° you will repudiate them as nfehfs and difgraceful to your tribunal, unless the court should authoriCe you to proceed thereon. For although it is laid down in some very good authorities, that written evidence may be read in cafe of the death of a witness I doubt whether it would be luffered to be done in a criminal cause, affeding the life, or even the cha racter, oj a jeltovi creature. There is, gentlemen one aa of the Ajfemlly of this State, entitled, << An atl for the better ordering and governing of negr o ,s and other Jlaves pafed the 10 th day of May, | 74 0 which is especially directed to be given you in charge : and although the reasons may not exill at present, which made it neceflkry at that time yet, in obedience to the law of my country I mull remind you of it. I hope, therefore, that you v-,,1 gl ve it an attentive perusal, and if tliere fliould appear to you any defects in the policy of it; or that the law is too harsh and severe upon that unfortunate race of mankind, that vou will loft en off its rigorous effects; and that'vou will shew to the world, that having obtained your own liberty, yju well know how to prize it, and that you arc truly fenhble how dear it is to mankind by extending to the coloured people in our State as much indulgence as tlieir unhappy fubordi. nate situation will admit of. ■n r ou C Vfl d S En^' fl, - arCOUrtS ' >t ,t,efe '""M>ons : The'deta " fM f a> ', SpapCr ' ">P" bl in the DaUvGa"' of Monday, original y appeared in the I.on„o»- O.acu T author very pointedly alludes to Mons. Ca .o„ now a'nlv tie in England, as a prune agent fn the late attempt to defeat the views of the National Assembly. The following account h« not vot appeared m tl« papers of this city, and thoiirfubft n on,:rjrj ,rad >' pub " ihcd ' -c-te FARISIAN INTELLIGENCE. PARIS, Get. 6. OXT■« J 1 . "'tin o'ciocl at niph. N Monday ihormng the general alarm ofthe people as to tbe intentions of the Court and a ftarcny of bread, brought on a gradual infur recftion m every yuartei- of Paris. The women particularly, flocked in the most riotous manner to the place de Louis XlV—they were armed with stronger weapons than they could wield, and as they advanced, prefied every woman they met with in to their service. The Marquis de la Fayerte and Monf. Baillie, the Mayor, spent the morning in a fort of detrac tion, as to themeafures they ffiould pursue. The troops determined for them, and particularly the Gardes Francoises, who infilled 011 the Marquis heading them to Versailles, or taking the alter native of the lantcrne. A fufficient guard was then oidered fortlie defence oftliecity—the relt of the troops, about 20,000 —about 10,000 of the armed Burgeois, who had before offered to be a part of the militia, and as many of the dreadful 1110b of July as could join them, armed with pitch 01 vs, <cytlies, hooks, and iron in all fliapes, on clubs of all sizes, intermixed with women, who appeared more savage than the men, in all, a mounting from 40,000 to 69000 people, marched °J" ort ' ei ' w 'th drums aud colours, for V erfailles, where they arrived about half pall nine at night. But the women, who had aflem bled 111 the morning, had reached Versailles many hours before them, and aflilled by some of the Versailles inhabitants, had stormed the Palace Gates, called for bread, and infilled on the Life Guards taking the National Cockade. The whole Royal Family began to be alarmed for their personal fafety. The Life Guard fired 011 the women, who became furious, and, assisted as they were, victorious. Five young Noblemen were immediately facrificed to their vengeance one run thro the body—one hung—a third cut to pieces—and two beheaded. The Marquis de la Fayette came 111 time to save the lives of about twenty others. Tuesday morning many of the mob returned from v erfailles. The heads of the two officers of the Gardesdu Corps were borneon pikes through le flreets of Paris ; and couriers, who had ta ken the firft liorfes they could find, announced the approach of the whole Royal Family. The troops that preceded them, began to enter Paris abunt two o clock, and the line was so extended with women and club-men, that it was half pail seven when their Majellies arrived at the Hotel de llle. y,\ hat parted there has not transpired : 1 hey fleptm the appartments at the Thuilleries and are to remain there. The Flemish regiment was divided amon* the troops, about twenty of the Gardes du Corps" the King's household, &c. ■ About ten at night, proclamations appeared to arture the people, that his Majefly had reeeived the pan hans with great kindness ; that the Gardes du Corps had taken the oath of fidelitv—had a greed to serve as the other officers, and to be af hfted by other officers in their attendance on the Court . and that his Majefly had signed the arti cles of the Conllitution. The greater part of the Gardes du Corps have killed" Women we 'e wounded and one • ° CT " 7 \ The tr an factions of the lafl two days 1 the capital are so important, and have followed each other so rapidly, that it is difficult for any one 011 the (pot to consider them as he would wiffi nrbnl 01 r° a PP reheml the extent of the good or bad consequences they may bring after them Immediate causes, the influence of individuals Court aM P r ° the lnach ' na tions of the Court, all seem inappl,cable and inadequate, Ln D ened Pa u Vlththe " ,a S»"ude of wha: has happened : It requires a great knowledge of the trench character, and of the human heart; are! ference mull be made to a long lyftem of llaveiy and of cruel police suddenly removed ; a know ledge must lie had of what miserable beings mil ions of men in this country are, and of what all men may be, in order to account for the manner 111 winch great points are secured in the country to feel the necessity of their bein £ secured o. all reconciled to the means made nfe of. The Pa rifians will be long before they recover from their worn"" Ito L " omen, who have at onetime absolutely wanted corner,''of\hec> " b \ i,,ftinA fro, » tlieremotell fiXnce of M, ft y ~ tak,ng ' 5oflellio " <> f " the re lence of Majefly—conquering the Body Guard ting at the very chair, and personally with the rkmaiket 1 ' b ™ d . a,ul »"<> »f filliiigrhePa? an arm-"!')''- g followed b» 0f.",-; md 'h' riom. cruel, CO rp s 1„ ,l,e Ltira " nPe ' mg the Avoi-ji defenders of hi-, M a i e ft, ' , at feeing his Majesty and al] the Rov a l on the not t ce of a few hours, leaving inoil mansion, and coming to a ~K.: • Coill they npveryet flept-in kfo wi „ g P £ » the confufion, his Majelty signed tI, P , • ?' la| the Coultitution, that the National Afl- ll 'i| CSo ' terinined on removing to Pari- , whole began and endeif in thirty 'i] X h o ll ' ! Inc detail of any of these facts will , never be seen in its full extent The n P the Royal Family to the be the most engaging, the molt varied grandest, and the one that afforded -hp , '- ' tieclion, that excited the tendered fa that ft rack moit forcibly the imariiwr I that moit forcibly fbocked it by as odd a cm'' J ' U tionof pleasing and disgusting objects o fTr ty m fetters, of sober and becoming liberty? of indecent not, as ever were bronfh tott'h' rhe points of many bayonets bm- P i 8 ' bread, and alnioft every musket a branch° o T ° f tory. rhe club-men in bodies between the t carried whole limbs of trees ard tloo P s had thrown away theirclubs and poles fofrt*" 1, Never did BirnL Wood come nane. rhe women mixed with all m j • ribbands and flowers-heading rhe Jf panies, and riding on the cannon. HisMajeliv's Sw,ft forming a doubleline on each fide the 3 left a clear space between them ; the RovalK ' mily were guarded by mixed troop S ,feven a k eaft on each fide of the carnage, the rabble were en tirelykept off, the King and Oueen appeared i„ good fp.rns, and the cry V,v: la was heard with those of the cry of Vivt Vwe la Nation J The ThuiHtries palace has'bee' Abounded the whole day, their Majeflies £ themselves often at the windows, and neverS out repeated plaudits from the people. LETTER. from M. dela Ville Roux, tttkCt zens of I Orient, dated Paris, 0(1. r2 , I 7 ' Oentiemek, y vnS nfrl! 6 • POllftr - ipt ° f m y last letter , I informed don«I A^ 1U M tat r 0n t C in S had given to the Na tional Aileinbly of namingc immilffonerstochool'e a proper place for them to continue their proceed ings in. Our commissioners seen, by their report to have fixed on the Menage des Thuilleries. in removal to Paris, which was voted on Fri day evening, appears to be aneftablifhment.dan gerous to the perlonal fafety of the members; and lome members have demanded in fpeakin* of in juries| they have personally fuffered, that the Na tional Aflembly should renew their debates on the iacrednefsof the persons ofthe Aflembly—Thatli bels incendiary writings and mobs, should bepro- Jen bed. These members infilled that thismotion mould be considered previous to the proceedings on the order of the day, notwithstanding which it was postponed to the evening; and the Bilhop ( rf?!' having obtained liberty to speak, pro po ed his motion, which he had previously an nounced, on the finances. It was heard with atten tion, and highly applauded. This plan of finance proposes to seize upon the goods of the clergy, w ioie i evenues amount to 150,000,000 livres; and t at the National Aflembly should take their debts upon itfelf. That they should allow 100,000,000 li v 1 es annually to the ecclesiastics; andto the curates 1200 livres a year, payable quarterly in advance, ie 1 es a maintenance. This appropriation to nave preference to every other, and to be augmen ie< e% eiy ten years, if neceflary, according to the price of bread. In a few years the people, benefited by the motion will fee, that'the defidt will difap at great parr of the rents and annuities w 1 >e extinguished.The charges of the judicature and finance will be reimbursed.—That the tithes, which will be converted intocafh, will beabolift ed, to the benefit of landholders.—That there mams of the fait tax will be totally aboliflied.- 1 fiat there will remain, without that part of the annuities which will not be aboliflied, a revenue o 35,000,000 livres, to be appropriated to afink ing fund : f rom which it results. that before ma ny yeais France will not have occalion to raise r ' lan or 4°0,000,000 livres, per annum- A bnhop only could have struck this mighty ~r r ,)een decided,that there wasno occafionto dilcufs the motion 011 the fubjecfl of the facrednefs of the persons of the National Aflembly. This wile conduct has been juftified by the address wluchtlie city of Paris have sent by their depu ties, by which in manifefting to the Aflembly the joy which the resolution of the Aflembly to continue its fittings at Paris has occasioned, itaf- them of protection, refpedi and personal Paris, Ottober 15. THE KING'S PROCLAMATION. THE King has ifliied a proclamation, Anting forth, that left the faithful inhabitants of his pro vinces should hear with concern the circumstances that have induced him to take up his refidenceat I aris,lie had thought it his duty to make known to them, that being informed of the inarch of the national militia from Paris, and their definngto obtain the honor offerving as his guard, it would have been easy for him to go to any other pl* cf than Paris ; but fearing that such a resolution might be t lie cause of much trouble, and confidinf
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