RE-PUBLISHED BY PARTICULAR DESIRE.
From the DAILY ADVERTISER.
MESSRS PRINTERS,
Be pleased to puhhjh the inclosed letter from a gen
tleman fcnt by the Patowmac company, to examine
the state of the navigation of that river, and ascer
tain the mo ft practicable communication between it,
and the waters of the Ohio.
ALEXANDRIA, SEPT. 2, I 789.
" -AS your countrymen have committed to
your care a vdry important trust, any information
Which can throw the finalleft light upon their
iiHereft, I trust will be acceptable to you. Under
this imprelfion, I take the liberty of fending
you some observations which I made in an excur
lion up Patowmac river, and across the Allega
ny mountain, to some branches of the western
waters. By the desire of the Patowmac company,
Mr. Smith, (the cOndutflor of the Patowmac
works) and myfelf, proceeded from the Great
falls up the river in a boat, Which, if moderate
ly loaded, would have taken from thirty to for
ty barrels, till we got twelve miles ahove Fort
Cumberland, and could with conveniency have
continued our rout In the fame boat to the mouth
of the Ne\V Creek, which is thirteen miles high
er up the North Branch, than the place at which
we flopped ; but beirig ftrahgers to that part of
the river, and being informed by the inhabitants
tof the country, that the river was then lower
than it had been foi* some years past, we were
fearful that in cafe the dry weather should con
tinue during our progress over the mountain, the
river might be rendered so shallow as to prevent
our geting the boat down again ; —we therefore
proceeded from this place(Capt. Daniel Crefap's)
on foot along the fide of the tit'er to the mouth
erf Savage river. To this place the navigation
may be extended, and not much higher without
incuring too great an expence for the £refertt
times. The mouth of the Savage is two hund
red and ten miles from tide Water at the bottbm
of the Little Falls, where large vefl'els may coihe.
After pailing the Falls at the mouth of the Sha
nandoah river, We found no fall which would
prevent a boat pafling up or down with ease and
lafety, except in thole fcaforis when the river is
very low, then, in the broad parts the water is
shallow, and requires to be collected or deepen*
ed in those parts which does not appear to be
either difficult or expensive to accomplish. From
the mouth of Savage, we went along the State
road to the top of the Allegany mountain, rind
from F .nee to the waters of Deep creek (which
take .heir rife in the Green Glades) thirteen
miles from the motith of Savage, four miles be
low the place where the road crofles this water ;
it is large enough for boats, is gentle and deep,
and vvill afford a good navigation down to the
falls in the Yohogany (of which this creek is a
branch) called Ohiophyle Fall, near the ;
so that seventeen miles will join the Waters of
Patowmac and Yohogany. From the month of
Savage to Little Yohogany, one mile above the
forks, is twenty two miles, to Big Yohogany
twenty-four Salt Lick creek, a branch of
Cheat river, thirty miles, to Cheat river, at the
Ford at Dunkard Bottom, thirty-seven miles and
a quarter, to Morgan town fifty miles, to Clerkf
burg eighty miles, to the mouth of Mufkinguin
one hundred and forty miles. These distances,
except the last, are from actual measurement!
Cheat river at Dunkard Bottom, is nearly or
quite as large as Slianandoah at Snicker's or
Keyes' ferry, and is a fine gentle river, except
two falls which are now puffed frequently, and
may at a An all expence, be rendered Tafe and
easy. The course of the road from the mouth
of the Savage to Cheat river, is nearly due weft.
About the ni6nt-h of Savage rivtr and George's
creek, are inexhauftable beds of coal ; some of
which the river has laid bare—we found them
easy to dig, and the coal of good quality. This
range or bed of coal extends along the fii'ft ridge
of the Allegany mountain to Wills' creek, above
Cumberland ; from which place we saw them
carrying coal for the nail manufactory, at Hager's
town. Upon our return From the other fide of
the Allegany mountain, one or two days moder
ate lain had raised the river, and we found the
navigation in that state much better than we ex
pected. Two boats came doWn from Old toWn
with tobacco, two or three from Opeckon
with flour ; and we went in company with two
from Shepherd's town ; one of which was more
than seventy feet long, and when fully loaded,
would, cafry from 120 to i'ijo barrels of flour j
these boats went quite down to the G#eat Falls ;
and I was informed by Captain Sepherd, that one
thousand barrels of flour had been sent down the
l iver this spring from Shepherd's town only. If we
allow ten miles from the liead of the tide »b the Big
Falls, and feventten from the mouth of the Savage
so Deep creek—Patowmac has but twenty-seven
miles land carriage at this day to the
waters, and in two or three yeai-s at fartheft, ten
of these miles Will be taken ;iway. From Fort Cum
berland to the fettlemehtsonYohegany is twenty- :
one miles,to the Ohiophyle falls miles, bdtiw
which there a is good navigation to Pittfburg.
From Fort Cumberland to Fort Pitt orPittlburg,
is one hundred and fourteen miles. From Fort
Cumberland to Bedford is thirty miles, and a
good road. lam fully fatisfied there can be no
navigation found between the eastern and west
ern waters which approaches so near, which will
have so good andfhort a portage, and which can
be effected at so small an expence. I am acquaint
ed with the Sufquehanna, let there be an actual
survey made of that river and itsbranches, which
can be rendered navigable the fartheft towards
the western waters, as there has been of Patow
jmac, and I am certain that the difference in fa
! vor of Patowmac will be found grearer than any
iperfon can believe who has not examined them
both with an eye of observation. The follow
; ing branches of Patowtnac, when improved,
will afford a very extensive navigation, and
chiefly through a very fertile country. Monoca
| fy about thirty miles, Slianandoah one hundred
; and eighty miles, Conogocheaugue about twen
ty five miles, Cape Capon the fame diftamce or
perhaps farther, the South Branch from seventy
to eighty miles, and Patterfon's creek about
twenty miles ; the country through which these
waters flow, is remarked tor the riclmefs of the
land, and is in general thick fettled. After giv
ingyou this sketch of the Patowmac, itsbranches
and the Allegany mountains, permit me to men
tion to you that fine extensive valley lying up
on the south-east fide of what is called the iNorth
mountain, and which extends from the river
Sufquehanna to James river : I believe 1 may be
bold to fay that no quarter of America, or per
haps of the World, can produce a body of land
of such extent, equal to this in quality, and bleif
ed with so falitbrious an air ; the neceflaries of
life are here produced in the greatest abundance,
add to this that iron ore,with every convenience
for refining it is found here ih large quantities
and of excellent Quality,and coal difirovers rtfelf
in such quantities upon the margin of the river
(from whence Itthay with cafe be conveycd to a
ny part of the continent) as to pronounce it in
exhaustible. Sould the feat of our empire move
weftwardly, which found policy now requires,
and which it muftdo sooner or later from thein
creafing weight on that fide, there is a moil beau
j tiful and healthy situation for a large city at the
place where Fort Frederick stand;), upon the
north banks of PatoWmac. The State of Mary
land holds two hundr-ed adres of sand it this place,
and the State in this part ?s only five hiiles Wide,
that Maryland, Peiuilylvania and Virginia,
might each be gratifyed in contributing to the
formation of the federal city by fixing it at that
place. From the luxuriance of the foil all around,
from the many branches of the PatoWmac Which
penetrate the country in different directions to a
great distance, the moil abundant iupply of eve
ry kind of provision will at all times be com
manded, and by the river Patowmac every fo
reign article, whether ofluxury or convenience,
may be procured in the fame abundance and with
the fame ease as on the sea coafl. Within the
limits of your city might be a cannon foundary,
an ore bank, forge and other manufactures.
I rom the Great falls to George town ftxteen
miles, to Alexandria eighteen miles and an half.
Should you incline to approach nearer the tide
water, William's port, aiid Shepherd's town in the
the fame valley, and Frederick to\vn near Mono
cafy and below the Blue Ridge afford rnoft desir
able situations, I am, Sir, &c. &c. |
THE BACHELOR.
tran l u 'l hours, with all the fneets of pace,
oti, and ev'ry joy increase;
No ruffling cares disturb my loft repote,
My midnight ftumber no 6bftttrftldn kho-Ws—
My heart exolts, whtt fir-ft thertorriing fhiiles (
Ihe grev ey'd eve my fleeting time beguiles.
My servants wait, obedient at my hand,
And chearful execute the mild command :
Amctrig liiy neighbors, ge'fier'oUs fricrtdfMp rSigris,
Nor calumny another's honor stains.
I live m harmony, and fpc* frofn ftrife ;
For I'm not iltji, good Hcav'm! with a wife,
G I V I S.
ASECMTE of Mr. i)RME, the Hi'ftortan oj Iht lati War in India.
M thisgentlematr jirelided in the export warehouse of
Ro affed undcr him, Orte day at break
faft bethg aflctd by Mr. 6rme, ttf Mat father was ?
Davrdfon replied, a SadWr. And pray, (TaM did he
nj>t bring you up-a;Sadler ? I vbs always whihrfidaUfaiibavid
lo*i and rather chose to try myjortune, as you have done, in the
iatt Indra Company's fcrvice. But pray, S.r,(continued he) what
' a,hcr /MV *»ther, (an'twered the hittorian,
* , p ,' y) " as " P"' 1 ""™- And why, (Vetofted Davldfrti,
gentleman ? ICTty ' hluntneft) did he not bring you up a
ELEVENTH ACI OF THE LEGISLATURE OF THE UNION.
An ACT to establish the TREASI/RY DEPART
MENT.
BE ;t cmdtihythe SchaleandHoufeof Rtbrrfentatati,;< nf/h.r' , j
""" Hf Trea ur u Y' ,n iKallbahe following offices namely.
A«d ,V njmhcr evatlcd, That it Ihall he the duty of the Secretary
• ■" p"p«""i ,h e p„bt j
the public AperfdtfttlW ; toi (lip,'intend the colteftm„ r ,
revenue ;to decide on the foVms-Af kee*ivig ,„d ft,,"' f l!i «
and ntakulg, returns, and to gram under the limit.,£
etobhihed or to be hererfter provided, all warrants for
be issued from the Treasury, in pursuance ofappronri*. to
law ; to execute fQch fcrvlccs relative to the fait of the I.T l "
longing » the United States, as rtiay be by law iVqbirerTfu
to make report,and gitfe information txi en trier branchfefrt, t. '
latuir, in perbn or in writing <as he may be required) '
all matters referred to Hun by the Senate orHoufe of
lives, or whidh shall appertain to his office ; and frenerallv.
K %££?***"*'' "
And be it jurthtr evaded, Thai it (hall be the d"ut V of the f
tiollei to superintend theadjurtmentand preservation of theT.Tf"
accounts; to examine all accounts fettled by the Audi
certify the balances artfmg thereof to the Regifler tJooounta r
all warrants drawn by the Secretary of the
be Wananced by law ; to repjrt tx> the Swfetary rtfcWilT U
of all papers to be llftied in tlie different offices for colleftin 7*
public revenue, and the manner and form of keepinj and ft?,!/
the accounts of the several persons employed therein ■ h. ,L ?
moreover provide sot the regnlar and puniftial tfayWntof =i
monies Which may be colletted, and (Ml (Urea iL
all delinquencies of officers of the revenue, andVor
or shall be due to the United States.
And be it further enaded, That it shall be the duty of the trwl",,,
to-receive and keep the monies of the United Slates, andfod?
burse the feme upon warrants drawn by the Secretary ofthe Tm
fury, countersigned by the Comptroller, recorded hy'the
and not otherw.fe ; he (hall take receipts for all monies p,fj bv
him, and all receipts for monies received by him, sh a H beendorfj
upon warrants signed by the Secretary of the Treasury, W ;,C
which Warrant ft f.gned, for money reteCd
mtt. the public Treasury (hall bevalM : And the faidTrafarcr
lhall render his accounts to the Comptroller quarterly for o(teiwr
|f required) and fhalltranfmit a copy thereof, when failed, to,he
Secretary of the Treasury; he shall moreover, on the third day of
every session of Congress, t»y before the Senate and Houf- $
Kcprefcritatives, -fair and accurate copies of all acoouafc by hit*
from time to time rendered tos and fettled with the Comptroller
as aforefaiti, as also, a true and perfect account ofthe (late of tin
Treami*y ; he (toll at #1 tiirirtfabmitrtotheSecfeTar) ofthe f rej!
fury, and the Comptroller, or either of fflerh, the infpeAion rif -hi
monies i*i hit hands, and shall, prior to the entering irtdn the
duties of his office, give bond, With fuffieiem fyreti M , to bean
proved bv the Secretary of the Treasury and Comptroller b,
the sum of arte hundred and fifty (hofifarid dollars, payable to'th.
United States, with Condition for fhe'fiifltfd! performance df the
duties of hn office,and for the fidelity of the petfaiH to be By him
employed, which bbod shall be lodged in thfc ofto« bf die Corn*
trollcr ofthe Treafllry of the United States,
And be it further 'entßed, That it Mall be the duty of the Auditor
to receive all publfc accounts, and after examination to certify the
balance, and tranfmi't the accounts with the Vouchers and certi
ficates to the Comptroller for his deciflon thereon : Ttovtid. That
if any person whose accounts (ball be so audited, be Hilfitisfifd
therewith, he may within fix months appeal to the Comptroller
againfl such fettlemcnt.
And be it further entiled, Thatitlhall be the duty of the Resilier
to keep all accounts of the recipts and expenditures of the public
money, and of all debts due to or from the United States; to re.
ccive from the Comptroller the accounts which ftiaH have been
finally ad jutted, and to prefcrve such accounts with their vouchers
and certificates ; to record all warrants for the receipt ot payment
of monies at the Treasury, certify the fame thereon, and to trinf.
Mit to the Secretary of the Treasury, copies of the certificates of
balances orafceountsadjuited as is herein directed.
dh i "J UT "'" enaaed ' That whenever the Secretary shall be
rerrtbved from office by the President of the Uhited States, oru
any other cafe of vacancy in the office of Secretary, theaffillltt
J, the vacancy, have the charge and custody oftkere.
cords,books, and papers appertaining to the said office.
Xn&bt k fmlkY indffed, That no pcrfon appointed to anyoffica
instituted by thus ast, (Kali direftty or indireflly be concerned or
mterefted in carrying on the bufinets oftradeor commerce, or be
owner Hi whol« or in part of any sea vefTel, or patchafe himftlf,
or another in trull for him, any public lands or cither pubfcpro.
pcrty, or be Concerned m the purchase or difpo'fal of any public
Securities 6f any Stafe,-ot of thelJmted States, or take or apply to
his owe use, any emolument or Rain for negbciating or ttrafa&ing
any business in the said department, other than what (hall be af
lowedby law j and if any person shall offend agamft .nybfme
pronibitidrts of this ast, he (hall be deemed guilty of a high mit
demeanor, and forfeit to the United States the penalty of three
thousand dollar*, and fWH upon ro*vithan be removed frort
office, and forever thereafterircapable of holding any officeunto
the United States, Provided, that if any other perfoa-thart a puMis
prolecutor Iball give information of any f<uch offence, upon which
aprcfifctftionand cortviftiott 'shall be had, one half the aforefaid
penalty of three thoafafld dollars, When recovered, shall be for tUC
use of the perfoli jiving fuc> information.
FREBERIC-K AUGUSTUS MUHLENBERG,
Speaker of the Hoafe tf ReprtJentativH*
JOriNADAMS, P'ice-trefdent tf the Umlei Smo,
. and President of the Senate.
aM6vtb, s<(T-fMeiR <hesd, i'7?g.
GEORGE WASHINGTON, Trejident of (he Vnitei Stttcs.
PRICE CURRENT. -NEW-YORK.
Jamaica Spirits, -
AntigUa Rum, . . -4/5.4 <lq.
St. Croix, do. . . 4 y 5 . a ,/g.
Country, do. . - tfio.
Molasses, ... a
Brandy, - . . c/j .
Geneva, . . . & j } .
Do. m cases, . . i%f. a
Mufecrvado Sugar, . . s 6f a 7if.
Loaf, do. - - Iyi'j a -,h.
Lump, do. . .
Pepper, ... 2 fg. a ifio.
Pinlfnto, . . . t jg_ a 2/.
Chocmlatr, ... IJ2.
Cocoa, . . . ?s y; a 80s.
Coffee, - . a
Indigo, (Carolina) 4/ * &
R »ce, - . . a 23/
Superfine Tlour, ... 45/.
Common do. - - 40f.
Rye do. nf, a 25/
Indian Meal, ... ivf.
c » - - 4_/j. pr. bujh,
Cofn, (Southern) . 3/9. a &[•
Do. (Northern,) - 4/3, a 4/6-
Beef, firft quality, - - 48f. a
Sccond quality, - - 43/"-
Pork, firft quality, - - 81[6,
—— Second quality, - . 70[6.
Hams, - 'jd.
Carolina Tobacco, „ 3d£. &
Virginia , . . 4d. a
Published by JOHN FENNO, No. 9, Maiden*
Lane, nearthe Ofwego-Marict, New-York. —