oftlhe t
XXXII.]
THE TABLE T- No. XXXII.
„ Ami" untanicxpt"" only anfmcragooi end, luhiTLufirainiixyth
in Juitable limits
. s a ccrta j n degree of pleasure and recreation are essential to
A the health and vigour of the human constitution, it is ot
oitance that thofepurpofes should not be defeated by the mode
Trauficatiw- The inftiuition of holidays eftablilhed by law
I auend.od with singular advantages. It excites an mcl,nation to
indulge in amusement to a certain extent, without fixing habits ot
rfi ation. Men may reft on Sunday without endangering then
loveof.cxercife. on other days. Such a periodical rcfpite fromla
bour does not terminate in habitual indolence. Were certain ho
, davs juthonfed mevery country, which it ihould be difreputabl.
not to oMWve, it would ftvmulate people to indulliy, that tnt;
° lght . procure some spare money for theoccafion, and the limita
tion of such days within proper bounds would prove a fecu iiy a
exce s s . It should be a prevailing rule, tfrat men who had noi
such ample fortunes as to live independent of their own exertion,
flmuld confine their ainufements to those cfUblilhed days. This
reHnftion would favemany aneilatefrom dellruftion, and prevent
vagabond) defending from wealthy and induftnous parents.
Nothing can excite more unpleasant impreflions than to observe
a fortune, that has been acquired by honest industry, wafted 111
idleness and extravagance. It a proper fyft. mof education were
adopted, there is reason to suppose, that the offspring of opulent
families woul.d b? more likely thap others to manage their proper
ty to advantage. The example of industry and econ9my in a pa.
itnt, certainly must have an influence on the condu£t of a child,
uiikfs he is so educated as to destroy the force of it. A rich lub-
n»ay become an intolerable coxcom,b by being unrestrained in
histxpences ; who, hai he been confined in his proper sphere c
bufciefsand frugality, might have made a ufeful, thriving citizen.
Perhaps it will be said, that in a republican government it is a
public benefit, that property (hould often change its master .—
TJiere is however a degree of refinement in extending
the arxuprent so far, as to encourage flot\i and vice in the children
ofprofperous men. A.thousand accidents will occur to deprive
rich men of their estates, without promoting so bad an expedient
h manners.,
i,f£TCH-0{ TH£ POLITICAL STATE Of AMERICA.
ALTHOUGH present appearances do not
fceni to fuppjort the a'iertion, my ears are yet
dinned with the cry we not long since heard, " let
have a government adequate to the purpoles
of the Union, that we may no longer be the
d,upes of other powers, but that we may be able
taprove ourselves of some importance infociety,
have our commerce fubjetft to our own laws and
regulations,, and not subservient to the caprice of
anyparticulsyftatc,or guided by foreign interest."
—That certain kinds of traffic may be advanta
geous to some individual adventurers, and yet
df general injury to the public, is fully mani
feftedby our present impolitic cpmnjerciaJ inter
course with Great Britain, which, upon an ag
gregate view, will be found to leave a heavy ba
lance against this, country, and unlcfs put upon a
Bore reciprocal footing, oughtto be totally anni
hilated : —Our circulating medium is daily drain
ed off in exchange for every frippery and fop
pery that the fertile invention of men has been
able to produce. —Reason 2nd common sense
loudly picolaini fpr a remedy againlt so great an
evil.
We proceed to examine some of the means by
whicli America has it in her power to this
remedy; and as I think a presumption upon the
favorable tlifpofition of Great Britain can be no
longer contended for, it will be proper to exa
mine those parts of her trade with us, the loss
of which lhe will npr readily consent to, as
grounded upon her eflential interest, which we
have reason to conclude from her permiting it
to exift.—ln a former paper, I mentioned out
pot and pearl aihes 3ud tlax-feed as necellary to
their manufaiftures, and which we know from the
test of experience, lhe cannot obtain so advan
tageaufly elsewhere—as the superior quality ol
these articles from this country find a market e
ven at a greater price, than those lrom the
northern parts of Europe, where they pro
duce but little flax-feed, and that of an inferior
quality, owing to the neccflity they are under for
the supply ot their duck and other manufacto
ries, of fufFeringthe flax, in order to obtain a due
degree of fibrous strength, to remain in the
ground beyond the proper time for extracting
good feed.—The large quantities of tobacco, rice,
&c. imported from this country into Great Britain,
and from thence exported to the various parts oi
Europe— employs so many of their Ihips —forms
so advantageous a vend for their manufactures
m its purchase, and gives so good a cominiflion
to their merchants that they would not very will
ingly relinquish a trade offuch importance, wijiile
neither the Brufils or the Indies can supply them
SATU RD A i, August I, 17^9.
with equal advantage thro' the interference of the
tt'ortugueie in the form er, and the distance of the
latter, which would cause the freight to exceed
the price of the article in this country —nor do
chey from their situation, require so great a share
of their manufactures.—lniefpecft to their whale
;i)hery, it is to exorbitant premiums, the weak
iefs of our former government, and the (kill of
iaur citizens employed in their service, they owe
any material progress in procuring an article
so eflential in their confumption—notwithftand
mg the utmost exertion of their pride during the
:ue war to conceal the fa»sl and hush their com
plaints—and though by illicit traffic not a few oi
their goods were introduced among us, the dis
tresses of their manufacturers, owing to the warn
of a regular communication between the two
countries, were severely felt, nor will they wan
only consent to a funilar interruption.—So large
a surplus of manufactures were on hand at the
commencement of the peace, that a fair face
and fine coat, formed fufficient credentials for a
jcredit of thousands of pounds—which proves,
rhat they had not during eight years found any
other market to fnpply the loss of our's. —But
granting that their trade with us was of no ma
terial importance to her European dominions,
the moll sanguine will not draw the fame con
clufionsas it refpeifls their Weft-Indies and other
colonial poflfeflions in this country ; and it is a faift
which will meet the allent of their own citizens
inhabiting these places, that were it not for that
iraffic, carried on legally in their own bottoms,
with us, some contraband also, and the reft
through neutral ports, they could not subsist,
notwithftauding Lord Sheffield's imaginary
inundations of lumber, fifli, grain and other fup
plics from the Britilh provinces of . Canada and
>Jova-Scotia—while the superior quality of Irish
beef and butter is no longer a counterbalance for
the difference of freight from that country or
this—ln proportion therefore as these different
channels of trade are rendered more difficult,
will the interest of the Weft-India planters be
urged in concert with oui exertions to effe<ft a
more liberal commerce between the two coun
tries. AM. ERICANUS.
ORIGINAL SPECIMENS of ELOQUENCE.
[Continued from our last.]
THE following Speech, remarkable for the concili
atory nature of the sentiments, and the noble simplicity
of the language, Wtis delivered by the Superintendant
of Indian affairs in the Southern Department, to the
Liiver Creeks, on the 2oth day of April, 1787. The
candid reader is called upon to determine, whether it
does not claim a preference over many of the Speeches
tranfmiud from antient times, admired by the critics,
and received as models for imitation in our American
Colleges. It is high time to learn to place a proper
value upon any thing which is realty meritorious in
itfelj; although it jhotild happen to have been produ
ced in our own age and country.
" Friends and Brothers !
" THE occasion that brings me here to fee you
is, I believe, partly of the fame nature, as that
for which you have met together. But before 1
enter upon the business, I cdnnot help exprefiing
the pleasure I feel atfeei.ig fomany of our parti
cular friends aflembled. The Lower Towns of
the Creek nation have always fliewn a modera
tion and a prudence, which 1 feel and admire. If
this disposition is continued it will eftablifli such
a friendfhip and commerce, as will be infinitely
better than quarreling and bloodshed.
" There are many present, who are already
informed that I am sent here by the great COUA
dIL, which in Peace and War diretfts the affairs
of all the thirteen United Nations oflVhiteMen ;
of whic i the Virginians, your neighbours, make
a very small part. I come From the center of their
government ; at a dijlance from here oj & whole
Moon's journey, on Jlrong Horses,
" Brothers!
" The Virginians of Georgia, who form one
of the thirteen fires of our great Council, com
plained at the Meeting last Autumn that their
Country was attacked and their People killed by
some bad men of theCreekNation— They demand
ed assistance, if due fatisfadtion was not given a
gainst the offenders—But the old and w.fe Meno*
the %reat Council, theCoNCRESs, before they
would fend out a strong army to assist in killing
heir brothers the Indians, with whom they had
ather be at peace, wished firft to enquire into
the matter, and fee if all things could not be a
micably fettled—For this purpose they have sent
nieout.
<< Now Brothers !
" From Peace may we not all reap advantages ?
\_tublijbed on Weduefddy and \alUrddy
There can be none from (pilling each other's
blood.—The Master of breath, lends us that
breath but for a little while ; why then should we
snatch it from one another soon I R than riE de
signs ? For this reason, 1 hope both parties will
be moderate.—Perhaps it hath been a little the
fault of both parties that any of the human blood
hatli been spilled oil the occasion.—l hope that
now each will yield a little to the other. When
our fiiends of the Creek Nation, who are now at
iugulta, come up, they will tell you how much I
inculcated this to the White People. I was hap
py to find them disposed to it ; except a few of
their mad young men, who are too apt to be dif
ipol'ed to war. But their nation will not be ri
gorous in their demands : they have presents in
(waiting for tlie l »Di ns, who I hope will go down
and receive the goods. lam convinced that this
}Nation will notinthe endlofeany thing, by coil' 1
firming the Grant of fucli lands as many of the
iefpectable men oftlie Nation have thought might'
foe spared; and have already grante-d :—which •
]gift it would be unmanly to retratf—if it could be
■done—but it cannot.
" Brothers !
" I have carefully avoided to mention any old
cause of quarrels, and I hope there will be none
for the future. You will find that the Head-
Men among the Virginians have lately made p o
vifion for severely punishing any of their bad
folks, who shall disturb their friends the Inaiatis.
" I will not trouble you further, but to mention
one thing, which concerns us all, and which I feel
from my heart : the red People and the /shite are
equally interested in it. We are Countrymen, we
live in the fame land; we breathe the fame air, we
Jhtuldbc brothers. The Kings and the People who
live over the great Water will wifli to subdue us
all. They will use cunning and force. Perhaps
at this vesy time there are men employed among
you to set you against us. It is not so long since,
but you mult remember how one-os these Powers
made visible efforts of this kind, even upon us, the
White J eople their Chii dren. But to tell you
what is done by others of rhem to People of your
colour, towards the midday fail, would fill you
with horror.
Ought we not, therefore, to grasp one another
with a strong arm of friendfhip ; the more easily
to repel these Foreigneis ? Go down then, and
receive the presents which are kept for you, aS
marks of friendfhip when you run the line ; as
you have agreed. You will be allu e I that every
care has been taken by the Virginians to prevent
your receiving any offence : as you, 1 flatter my
l'elf, will alfo'do by them. For my part, whenl
return from whence I came, I shall have tlieplea
fure to tell the great Council of Co ngre ss this :
then they, far from fending an army into the
Creek Nation, will exert themselves to give Trade
and the Comforts of life to you, and your Fa
milies. This will make the chain of ourfriend
ihip brighter—and, indeed, will be better for us
all.
" Before I make an end, I must inform you
that our friend Chewocleymicho and his compan
ions, the Iloflages, are in good health and spirits.
I have sent down to requelt they may be brought
up ; that it may not appear hard to keep our
friends too long from their relations. But I hope
the time pafles away agreeably with them : tor
when I left them, they had nothing to do but
to drink Rum, and be merry. If there is any just
cause of complaint, I now beg it may be made
known ; that I may use my belt endeavors to find
a remedy. All we have to request is, that you go
and receive your presents; and attend at running
the line, according to your agreement at the
Treaty."
(pj [We have now finifhed the manuscript containing " Origi
nal Specimens i>f tkquencc" —and consider the communication as
a rich add it ion to our miscellany.—Should the per Ton who favored
us with it,be inpoffeffion of other Specimens of Or icjnality,
w ihould esteem them a very fortunate acquisition to the Gazette
of the United States.]
AMENDMENTS TO THE CONSTITUTION.
In the HOUSE of REPRESENTATIVES, of the CONGRESS
of the UNITED STATES, Tuesday, the 28th July, 1789.
Mr. Vinlng from the committee of eleven, to whom
it was refered to take the fub'jeCl of Amendments
to the Constitution of the United States, generally
into their consideration, and to report thereupon,
made a report, which was read, and is as followeth.
IN the introductory paragraph before the
words, "We the people," add, " Government
" being intended for ihe benefit of the people,
" and the rightful eftabliftiment thereof being de
" rived from their authority alone."
Art. 1, Sec. 2, Par. 3— Strike out all between
the words, " diretft" and " and until such," and
instead thereof insert, « After the firft enumera--