SKJLICH OF THE POLITICAL STATE OF AMERICA.
Extended Empire, ].kc expanded gold,
Exchanges tohd ule, tor feeble fpl ndor."
HOWEVER opposed ic may be to the feelings
ana incereffcsof some individuals, ] am yet incli
ned to observe, that upon general principles, the
policy of emigrating to distant parts, from a coun
fiy, leit infufficiently stocked with people, to
answer the necellary demands arising in society,
cannot he easily jultified: Nor am 1 acquainted
with tne peculiar advantages which we are to de
rive from the prefeut rage for emigration so the
\\ eltern country, as a reimbursement of the valt
of its settlement ; but I presume these
(peculations will end 1 ke the Voyage of the shak
ing Quakers from one of the Eaftem States, who
piompted by holy zeal built a /hip to convey them
to Jerufalein,but eventually concluded to fend her
for a cargo ol rum to the Weft-Indies, as pronii
nlg the greatest profit. Though it Ihould be
granted that it is not altogether within the abili
ty of government to flop the delusive practice of
quitting habitations now unsettled, to visit regions
unexplored and unprotected ; yet there is an es
sential difference between a tacit connivance, and
an officious interposition to encourage such a plan.
I>. is added, that the irrefiflable ivipulfe of felfin
tereft, would prove superior to any attempts op
pofingfo strong a liobby-horfe ; but if some ac
counts lately had from Carthagena are to be re
lied on, little danger can arifc from giving full
.°pe to the operation of this irrefi [table principle,
in effecting those Utopian settlements. By an ex
press clauf'e of the National Conltitution, the re
publican form of government isguaranreed—and
the ellence and genuine principles of such a Go
vernment can be best supported within a fiiiall
compass, and where mutual interests are mutual
ly understood ; but when the territorial jurisdic
tion of a country is greatly extended, the emana
tions of power from its source becomes in the ex
ticinities proportionally weak and inefficient;
and must either, like the parts of the human sys
tem which are removed from the influence of the
blood expelled from the heart, end in their de
fection and final amputation; or if maintained, it
will be like the provinces of Rome by the tyran
ny of the Viceroys and consequent oppression of
the people ; and it will most probably be found
at some future period, that like the adder vivified
by the genial warmth of the fire, this country had
been cherished and reared to bite the hand of its
protector.
What a fad contrail does Spain now present to
her former fuuation, when flie flood foremo-ft
among the nations of Europe : and may we not
attribute this change to her rage for colonization,
and the miilaken policy of her government, in
encouraging it—Jn return for folTdgreatnefs and
refpcciability, sh e pofleffes tinfelljed pageantry and
glittering grandeur.
By ceding to the proposition that government
has no right to oppof'e by any legillative interfer
ence, tliis,ftrange Spirit for division and elope
ment which pei vades this cournrj-, would be vir
tually contradicting the praCticeof other nations,
and denying some of the eflential prerogatives
of government, of the firft importance to society.
The powet it must neceflarily poflefs to check the
jll-direCred pursuits and mistaken views of indi
viduals when militating with the general <rood
the power of preserving a due balancc between
the feveral 7 interests of a community, and of di
recting the operation of the labor and industry
smonga people into proper channels and for pub
lic benefit—the principle of felf defence, which
is superior to any other, is directly opposed to a
division of power in this- country—and though I
expert not the concurrent opinion of land-jobbers
monopolizers of the hard earned wages of the
poor fohlier, and other harpies upon the public
I must still maintain, that those hands who are
daily emigrating to distant places, being employ
ed in the various branches of agriculture, manu
factures and commerce 011 theatlantic shore would
add more to our national ftrength—more'eflica
cioufly afiiftin thedifcharge of our public debt
more completely cement our present union, and
prevent our future division and diflention, than
will result from any view of their present. pur
suits ; and it is in the power of government to
oppose their removal by making it their real in
terest to remain at home, it being a fancied in
terest which leads them abroad.
AMERIC A N U S.
NEW INVENTED LOOM.
Extract of a letter front Edinburgh, April 18.
" A loom of anew and very Sngular nature has
lately been invented and set to work at PaifW
on the principles of a model conftrucled some
time ago l>y Dr. J affray, with the improvements
that have since occurred to him and Mr. Barr. This
loom is to be driven by machinery, set in motion
by water, fleam, &c. and not only takes the cloth
from the lay with such regularity that no part oi
the web can have more wool driven into it or be
thicker than another ; but if a thread in the warp
breaks, the machine instantly stands still. It is
laid to be capable of weaving all kinds of cloth.
fromfilk to canvas ; and, if report be true, it is
so iiniple 111 its conftrudtion as not to colt more
than double tlie expenee of a common loom, while
it is so sweet in its motions, and er.fy to be mana
ged, that one man working awheel can set five or
fix oi them in motion, and an attentive boy or
girl may tie threads and change pirns to three, if
not four. '1 he web at present in the loom is a ten
hundred muffin. The beauty and regularity of
its fabric have given much fatisfadtion to those
gentlemen in G1 lfgow and Paisley, to whom spe
cimens ofit have been fnewn : and we may ven
ture to fay, that nothing hitherto devised to im
prove and extend the art of weaving, to add new
energy to the labor and ingenuity of the country,
and to give a decided command of market, ever
demanded a more serious attention from all con
cerned."
for the GLORIOUS ANNIVERSARY 0/ INDEPENDENCE.
''WAR s horrid founds rib more aflail our cars,
Elate with barb'rous hopes, or chill with fears;
Far from the States her threat'ning thunder roars,
\\ hile Heaven-born Pcace smiles round our tranquil fliores.
Clieer'd by her pre fence Commerce spreads the fail,
lorljkes the port and courts the favouring gale;
Exulting bears wliat distant lands produce,
And sports the varied treasure for our use.
Protected too from rapine, fee the swain,
Bears to hia growing itores the teeming grain;
joyful he takes what nature's bounty yields,
And sings contented in his uativtfields';
He knows no fear from stern oppreflion's dart,
I o damp the warm emotions of his heart.
Cherifli'd by Liberty, arour\d the land,
Content and Induftiy walk hand in hand,
Alike on all the heaven-born Goddess smiles,
The rich protects, the poor man's care beguiles ;
In every walk of life can spread a charm,
Kedrefs misfortune, and her sting disarm.
Thus to behold, mud warm each patriot breast,
The nation profp'rous, and the people blest.
O Liberty ! thou guardian of the State,
Eternal bit flings in thy presence wait ;
Unlike thetranfient flowers which fortune rears,
They ft ill improve and gather strength by years',
No despot here can force unwilling awe,
Spurn at control, or trample on the law ;
Before thy presence fee the tyrant flies,
And proud opprcflion hangs her head and dies!
Hail happy land'! where justice ever reigns,
Protests the weak, the lawlcfs hand restrains;
With foft'ring wtng secures the poor man's home,
And cheers alike thecottage and the dome.
Since then from Liberty our blessings flow,
Let's prize the source those blelftngs can bc'ftow;
Within our breasts her sacred altar rear,
And own her still the gift of Heaven mod dear.
Let us whilfl mern'ry dwells upon the day,
Which saw fair Freedom's form expiring lay
Revere the saving hand which bade her rife, '
And gild with radiant beams these Weftern'fkies!"
FOREIGN MISCELLANEOUS ARTICLES
FRANKFORT, APRIL I.
We learn from Vienna, that the last division
of the Emperor s suite set off the 19th of March
for Pelt.
STAPLES, FEBRUARY 21.
We learn from Messina, that on the 7 th instant
at minutes after five, two fliocks of an earth
quake were felt there, the firft of which was ve
ry violent.
DENMARK, MARCH 31.
After the Iriih Captain O'Brien had been re
moved from the town-hall to the Citadal on Sa
turday night last, one of his accomplices, named
Scheel was taken ,hto custody. He is a native
of England, but had rcfided many years in Swe
den fins mart 011 whom were found many pa
pers relating to Benzenftierna, is confined in the
Citadel. The pnfoners are daily interrogated
in the l.oufe of the Governor of the Citadel and
when the examinations are concluded, acommif
oTnders PP ° imedfor proceedLl g a g ainfl the
PARIS, APRIL 2.
Though every thing is quiet refpecfting polki
cal affairs, the dearnefs of bread has riven oc
casion to very violent tumults in some of the
southern province?. At Aix, Marseilles and Tou
lon, the riots have been carried to a great height.
1- ri C p 0 T Montfera, who had rendered
himfelf obnoxious to the people, was obliged to
letire to his house : Here he was pursued aud be
sieged ; and unfortunately firing on tlje multi
tude by which a man was killed, he was at
length dragged from Ins house, and literally torn
in pieces by the populace. The Bishop of Sifte
ron narrowly efcapetlwith his life, but was so
ill-treated that, t is supposed he will not long
i urvive On the other hand, the Count de Mira S
beau (the Wilkes of the people) has been every
where conducted in triumph. On Ins entry into
a town where he was elected a deputy for the
Tlnid Eflate, the windows were let at two gui
neas, for feeing the procession; not only tl.e
liorfes, but the wheels also were takeiiffrom liis
SE™ 1 he T
r\ cS J' P ? T J r RSBURG H > " ARCH 24.
On Sunday last the bafliav, of Oczakow, with
a numerous suit, was presented to her Imperial
Majesty, and very graciously received.
MANHEIM, APRIL
An account is just received of the death of the
Prince of Birkenfield Gelnhaufen the last Pro
tefbant Prince of the Palentine Faiu^ly.
VIENNA, APR it 4.
The Emperor, who had been lone tW
posed, is almost compleatly recovered "
Jpril 17. The Emperor's indisposition 1,
turned with such alarming fympfoms
has exprelled a desire to have, and has j 'f le
sacrament administered to him. ' le
7000 Turks have began hostilities bv,«. v
the advanced poll of V 3 llie-mulieri-theTwer 2
well received, and finally routed—'Thffr 1 r
253 killed—our's 10. ols
London, ATRIL 25.
The benevolent inftirutions in this li„„4
for the relief of dijlrefs, and the encouiS™
of virtue, are, it mull be allowed, very numeric
and fnpported with a spirit that does honorto the'
humanity of the inhabitants at large In •, 11-
tion to those one has lately bee.i inftltutedt
this metropolis, called the Philanthropic Scci u
for the effectual relief of those who £ D
lytermedthe the out-catls is, the
children of the vagrant.and profligate poor/who
in their present condition arc dettmedto fucceJ
to the hereditary vices of their parents, and to
become the next race of beggars and thieves
I he mediation of the Court of London and
Berlin will not be able to effert a pacification in
the Noith until Sweden and Ruffla, fliall U.
tried the fortune of another war.
It is believed at Conftaiitinople,'thatit was the
prevalence of Britiih interest that induced the
Vizier to break with Russia. Full of this opinion,
the uiob aflembled lately in a great body about the
house of Sir Robert Amiley, (our Minister at the
Forte) and attacked it with so much fury that
it was with great difficulty his Excellency efop.
Ed with life. r
It is certain tlrat at Conftantinoplo the present
war, m which the Porte isengaged, is highly un
popular. As a proof of this, the mob, cfdv'en to
madnels by the news of the fall ofOczakow and
the dreadful flrwghter of rlie" Turks, ran in
crowds to the palace of the Grand Vizier, which
they fat on fire, and reduced to allies.
In the two forms of prayer, refpeding our
gracious Monarch, two lingular points are verv
obvious. In the firft, his Majesty was said to be
affliifled for the fins of his people'.' In the scrip
ture quotation of the second, a high compliment
indeed, is paid to Dr. Willis, by coviparing him to
the saviour of the world ! Are tllefe points decent ?
1 lie city of London was much disgraced in the
late procession, by the motly figure of the train
band. 1 hey were like FalftafFs regiment; and
paid such an attention to discipline, that a few
half-pence thrown among them, created a scram
ble equal to a parcel of fcliool-boys.
It is 110 less extraordinary than true, that
while half-India Company have been annual
ly exporting silver to China, for want of other
commodities with which to purchase teas, the
Dutch have for years pad been carrying on ave
ry lucrative trade in tin, from the illandof Suina
ti a, v. hich finds a universal cons iimption in eve
rj pait of China. An ingenious gentleman who
was lately in the Company's service, has explain
ed this circumflance to the Court of Directors
and the Lords of the Treasury, who havo turn
ed so attentive an ear to him, that the Company
have already sent off 50 tons of tin, by the Ihips
of the present season.
f}' 011 the Tliankfgiving Day, as a
fubjert interesting the opinions and affections of
all men, is to be painted by Copley.
Aptil^o. 011 the King's recovery, all isthankf
giving and joy. We can only inform the public
111 brief, that 011 7 hurfday lalt the King went in
llateto St. Faul's, to' attend divine service: That
the procellion, the 1110 ft magnificent London ever
vwtnelled, consisted of 305 carriages; drawn prin
cipally by fix horses each : 111 these were the
Ki »S>. Queen and all the Royal Family ; all the
Nobility, Commons, &c.the Lord Mayorand lle
prefentatives of London, &c. &c. That fourthou
fand Military, and one thousand Peace Officers,
were 011 duty, in the streets, to prevent tumult.
1 hat e'-ght thousand fine young charity children,
f 10m different parifhe&, in uniform, chaunteda
hymn while theiinmenfe company were entering
St. 1 aul s : 1 hat after divine service the procei
fion returned in the fame order as thev came:
1 hat the acclamations of the million were loud
and loyal: i hat the King appeared placid and
serene, at times ; but was often melted into tears:
f hat all the Royal Regiments of Guards, the
Tower, Park, &c. fired a feu de joie: That the
bells all rang, and that on the foil wing even
mg the city exhibited one blaze of illumination,
the moll superb, and the most expensive ever
known—the cost being upwards of 500,000!.
llerling ; one building was illuminated by 17,000
lamps, Carlton House by leveral thousand flam
beaux, all variegated—Merchant Taylors' Hall
had 3000 lamps in it—Brook's 6000 ; to reflet
which, looking-glalles were placed, some of
which were valued at 5001. 90 guineas were of
fered for a ticket of permission to Brook's: And
that lioufes were rented 3001. to jool. for the day
Seats at 1 o to 20 guineas—and but for the rain
would have let for more.