The perfecft propriety of having a national ju
diciary, to interpret the laws made by a nation
al legillature; and to decide upon the causes
which naturally come within the cognizance of
thole laws, intuitively produces conviction in the
mind, from only a cursory glance of the jubject;
and that this ellablilhment, co-equal with the ob
jects it involves ihould alio be co-exillent with
tliofe objects, is what as readily ltrikes the mind
with its necellity aud propriety : The application
of this will difepverthe need of commencing the
judiciary with the revenue fyltem, as that may
perhaps be almoil as productive of causes subject
to its infpeciioii and deciiion, as of income to the
public treasury; but the multiplicity andvariety
of disputes ana contentions, which the pride, the
anger, the desire of revenge, the avarice, the
knavery, and the operation of the diveri'e pre
judices and paifions of mankind, give rile to re
innumerable, and How as natural from their va
rious sources, as ftr'eains from their several foun
tains—and their recital (if pofiible) would only
lerve to torture the benevolent inind, and wring
with auguilli the Softer sensations of the hulhan
heart: i hat every moment of time,prelents addi
tional reasons for laws aud regulations, among
men, all will be to acknowledge :—How to
form thole laws and regulations, in a manner moll
advantageous, and inoit completely, so as to alle
viate the evils, and foften the ill efFetfts, which
accrue to mankind, from an unlimited lway of
their paliions ; as also to avoid the diladvantages,
which, in many cases, mull spring to them from
these very forms, and the abulie of law practices;
a talk honorable in itfelf, and mull be peculiarly
grateful to the fine feelings which actuate the
mind of the enlightened philosopher and accom
plilhed statesman : Though the national Conili
tution, whjch is no more than general principles
thrown into form, for the guide of our Legillators,
and to be readily recurred to, could not take cog
nizance of every cafe and particular objetft; and
though it has not explicitly provided for a trial
by jury (that inestimable privilege of freemen)
in all causes, yet it has no where oppoledor for
bid it: And the operation of those feelings and
pi inciples abovementioned, will, 1 am confident,
from the characters of the men who have the plan
of the judiciary fyllem now in contemplation,
prompt them to grant every latitude, in this and
all other refpedts, which a regard to freedom and
the rights of human nature demand, and whicS
will not involve in its conferences greater evils
and embarrallinents, than those which it is in
tended to* remedy their uniform patriotism,
their tried integrity, claim this presumption up
on their conduct, and the liberal mind will be
hurt to withold it:—But here fuifer me again to
observe, what cannot be too often urged, or too
strongly inculcated, that in framing the judiciary
fyllem, a l'acrifice of local .views and partial pre
judices, will be found peculiarly neceflary, to ef
tablilh it-on proper grounds—to alfill its great
and good design—to avoid expence, and produce
the moll ease and benefit to the fubjetft.—Private
"virtue, and public liappinefs, are inseparably con
nected ; and while the comprehensive eye of the
statesman takes a view of the happy effect of this
principle, his able hand will be extended by all
polfible means to preserve the morals of the com
munity, in giving every encouragement to vir
tue, industry, and good conduct, on the one hand,
and by the rigid pnni/hment of vice, in all its
haggard forms, oh the other; —he will nicely
watch the various fluctuations, which arise from
many sourceS, to marr the happiness of society,
and carefully endeavour to preserve those ba
lances between the contending pa/Jtons and op
pofingintereftsof mankind ; which, without fwch
direction, mull lead toconfufion and misery, but
with it, may be made to produce Order and hap
piness. AMLERICANUS.
ARTILLERY ELECTION
Boston, June 3. On Monday last, agreeably to their charter,
the Ancient and Honorable Artillery of this Commonwealth held
their anniversary ele&ion.
After attending divine service, which was ,performed by the
Rev. Mr. Barnard, of Salem, who delivered an ingenious ser
mon adapted to the occasion, a PROCESSION was formed ift the
following order, escorted by the company, and preceded by a
Band of Music, all in elegant uniform.
Lt. Gov. ADAMS.—Hon. Mr. Bowi>oin.
The Hon. Council.
Tre/idcnt—and other Senators;
Judges of the Supreme Court,
Speaker, and other Members of the f louse.
The Selectmen, and other Town Officers.
The Clergy.
The Hon. Consul of Franco,
Continental Civil Officers.
Officers of Cadets—CMlle William—Light Infa ntry—Arti'llery**-
Fuzilrcrs—all in uniforms,
Capt. LINZEEy
and five other Officers of jhis Britannic MnjefVy's frigate Penelope.
Honorary Members, &:«
The whole amounting to about 200,- prov! ceded to Faneuil-
Hall, where they all partook at a fumpiuous find elegant enter
tainment.
After dinner, the following, among other fe<§ acts were given,
1. The llluflrioua THE PRESIDENT of the United States—
[three cheers."] His Exc<llency the Vice-Pr. esxdent, and the
Congrefsot the United States. His Excellency John Hancock.
May the influence of the Federal Government 'befell by, and pro
mote the happiness of each individual under it.
After the ftrft toast. the following Ode was sung by Mr. Rea,
Co 1. Waters, Capt. Wills, acd others.
O D £*
FROM Britain's fea-glrt I fie,
Where Flora's richest fmilc
Luxuriant glows—
To this then desert walle,
By Savages polTeft—
To be with Freedom bleil,
In calm repose:
Our enterprizing Sires,
Warm'd with fair Freedom's fires,
Advent'rous came,
Here fchey their dwelling made,
Their ftandaid here difplay'd—»
Beneath the wild woods fhade>
Set up their claim.
By faith lei's foes com pell'd
To tread the sanguine field,
Unfkjll'd in war,
This Injhtution made
To teach its martial trade,
To wield the Ihining blade
The foe to dare.
While the fame martial fire,
did their breafls inspire*
Our bosoms warms,
May we with equal zeal,
Pursue the public weal,
Nor fear the bloody Heel,
If call'd to arms.
Illustrious F'ounders hai!,
This day your patriot zeal,
Your Sons proclaim.
Yoiir names we generate,
Your glOry emulate, * '
And tell our sons how great,
Their grandfires fame.
1 Hark ! The loud trumps proclaim
WASHINGTON'S glorious name,
Charge! Fill again,
Fill the bowl—fill it high,
First born Son of the Sky,
May he never, never die,
Heaven jhout—AMEN>
After which the company marched into the Tquarfc op the
common, prepared for its reception—and ele&ed
Brigadier-Generai HI LL, Captain.
Major ANDREW CUNNINGHAM, Lieutenant, and
Captain TURNER PHILLIPS, £nf»gn.
We miffl not forget to mention, that among the voluntaries >
their Most Christian and Britannic M-jellies' healths drank i
Nor to omit mentioning the polite and plealing deportment of
the officers of his Britannic Majefly'S frigate—who heartily joined
in the universal hilarity—aud who received from everyone pre
sent all due attention, agreeably to the spirit of our memorable
Declaration of Independence, which declares, that " we hold the
King and fubjefls oj Creat Britain, Vu we do the reft of the u>orld,
inlmils j*War, m Peace friends."
The Hall was elegantly decoratcd. At the entrance was a bower,
and at the upper end Eleven connected" Pillars, all of evergreen:
Between the centre pillars was placed a full-length portrait of the
Slluftrious President of the United States, over which was s/n obe-
Jiik, eiglu. feet in length, defigncd and finely executed by Joh n
son, representing at the top the all-pervading Eye y diffufing its in
fluence on our Fabius, with the words, " Fideles Protego t " wrote
over it.—ln the centre, a winged Cherub, crowning The Presi
dent with a Chapiel of Laurel, incircling the words, 44 Premium
Virtiitis"—the words %i Jic itur ad AJiraon a garter extending on
each fide of the Cherub—and from the wall huog several judici
oufiy placed fefloous and clusters—the whole decorated with flow
efc of various tints—<-which, while dispensing an agreeable odour,
struck the eye very p'eafmgly. Two large American colours* half
displayed, and attached to the v/all on each fide The Presi
dent, had a fine effe£l. To the credit of the gentlemen who ex
ecuted these decorations, we add, that the thousands who visited
the Hall to view them, had but one opinion of them-—and that
an applauding one
The PUBLIC GOOD.—An ODE.
DRIV'N out from Heav'n's ethereal domes,
On earth insatiate Discord roams,
And spreads her baneful influence far;
On wretched man herfcorpion flings* \
Around the afliduous fury flings,
Corroding every bliss, and fliarp'ning ev'ry care.
Hence Demon} hence* in tenfold night
Thy stygian spells employ*
Nor with thy prcfcnce blafl the light
Of that auspicious dayj that gives COLUMBIA joy;
But come thou fofter deity,
tairefl unanimity !
Not more fair the star ttyt leads
Bright Aurora's glowing fleeds,
Or on Hefper's front that lhines,
When the girifh day declines ;
Bring thy uiual train alottg,
Festive dance and choral long,
Loofc rob'd fportj from folly frec^
And mirth reftrain'd by decency.
United, let us all those blessings find,
The God of nature meant mankind;
Whatever oferrof- ill redreftj
Whate'cr of paflion, ill repreft,
Whatever the wicked have conceiv'd^
And folly's heedless sons believ'd—
Let all lie buried in oblivions flood,
Aud our great cement be the PUBLICGOOD.
Enough of war thepenfive muse has sung,
Enough of slaughter trembled on her tongrte,
Then fairer profpetts let her bring,
Than hcftile fields and scenes of blood ;
Since happier hours arc on the wing,
Hafle ! let's promote tht. public good.
No more our tears again shall flow,
Shut are the portals of our woe.
Bright ey'd thy pleafmgpower,
Gilds at length the present hour,
Every anxious thought beguiles,
_ Dreftes every face in smiles*
Nor lets one transient cloud the blifsdeflroy,
Of this auspicious day, that gives C&LUMB I A joy.
The POLITICI AN. ' "
# » AN EXTRACT.
A Politician should have $ large and elevated
foul. It is not fufficient, that his penetration is
rapid, that his judgment is acute, that he is pof
fefled of that vast and happy species of imagina
tion which invents, distributes, conneds ; which
fees at once the whole, and all its parts ; which
puts the mass in agitation, and gives warmth and
vigor to all its dependencies : He must join to all
these an elevation of sentiment, or his character
is imperfeiS;.
SKETCH of PROCEEDINGS of CONGRESS.
In the HOUSE of REPRESENTATIVES of tht
UNITED STATES.
Monday, June 8, 1789.
Hon. Michael J. Stone member from Mary,
land appeared in the House, and took the oath.
Mr. Goodhue introduced a petitiou from
Nicholas Pike of Newbury-Port, Maflachu
fetts—the prayer of which was, that Congref'i
would pass a law, to secure to hinihis property
in a work which he had published with great la
bor and expense, entitled A COMPLEAT SYS
TEM OK ARITHMETIC —this was referred to
the committee appointed to bring in a bill to se
cure to authors the benefit of their publications.
Upon motion it was voted, that the several pe
titions from Tradesmen and Manufacturer-,
fhouldbe transmitted to the Senate.
Mr. Mad 1 son, agreeably to notice, moved that
the House now form itfelf into a committee of
the whole, uponthe state of the Union, to take
into consideration the subject of amendments a
greeably to the jth article of the Conftitutioni
Mr. Smith (of South-Carolina) fuggelledthe
inexpediency of taking up the subject at thepre.
sent moment, in a committee of the whole, while
matters of the greatest importance and of im
mediate consequence were lying unfinifhed. The
great business of the revenue appeared to him
to claim a constant and uninterrupted attention
till com pleated—he moved therefore, that instead
of referring the subject to a committee of the
whole, a select committee should be raised, to
take into consideration the amendments proposed
by the several Stares.
Mr. Jackson —I am opposed, Sir, to taking
up thelubjectof amendments to the Constitution,
till we have had some experience of its goodor
bad qualities.—Tlie Constitution may be compar
ed to a ship that has never yet put to sea—she is
now laying in the dock-—we have had no tryal as
yet; we do not know how she may fleer—what fort
of a helm she carries—we can not determine with
any precision, whether Ihe fails upon an even
keel or no—Upon experiment she may prove
faultlefs, or he-r defects may be very obvious—
but the present is not the time for alterations.—
Very important and urgent business now requires
the attention of this honorable body—bufinefsof
such consequence as that of revenue, without
which the constitution is of very little importance
in. itfelf considered.—Should amendments now
be taken up, it will be months perhaps before we
can get through with them—mean time the im
portant interests ofour constituents are facrificed.
The State that I have the honor to represent, has
ratified the Constitution without fpecifying any
amendments, they are fatisfied with it, in its
present form ; till experience shall point out its
defects—l move therefore, Sir, that the conside
ration of the subject of amendments be poftpo*
ned till the firft day of March, 1790.
Mr. Goodhue observed, that though he con
sidered it as being premature to take up the sub
ject of amendments at the present time ; yethe
could not conceive the propriety of poftponingthe
matter to so long a period—it certainly was the
general idea that amendments fhouldbe consider
ed, and a regard to the wishes of our conftituenti
required that they should be aitended to asfoon a)
public interest permitted.
Mr. Bu ke made some objections of a similar
import with those which fell from Mr. Goodhue—
■and thought that the fubjedt of the revenue, was
of the greatest importance to be immediately at
tended to.
Mr. M di so N observed, that the fubjeft had
been postponed from time to time—that the mem
bers might have opportunity more fully to make
up their judgments upon it—a fortnight has
elapsed since the firft alfigned period, and if the
motion for a further distant period should be a
dopted,it would be construed into a design, to take
no serious notice of the business—the propositions
for amendments to the constitution came from va
rious quarters, and those the most refpectable>
and therefore to give some degree of fatisfaction,
it seemed neceflary, that Congress ihould as soon
as poflible, attend to the wishes of their constitu
ents—He did notpropofe that a full investigation
should immediately be gone into —but to quiet the
apprehefions of a great many persons, refpefting
the securing certain rights, which it was flip
pofed were not fufficiently guarded, he thought
it neceflary, that Congress ihould commence the
enquiry, and place the matter in such a train as
o infpirea reasonable hope and expectation, that
full justice would eventually be done to so impor
tant a subject—He therefore renewed his motion
for the House to go into a committee of the whole*
that the investigation of the business might at
least
commence.
Mr. SHERMANfuppofed,that takigup the sub
ject of amendments atthis time woulcl alarm more
persons than would have their apprehensions
quieted thereby—He thought that the necessity of
amendments would be best pointed out by t' l(
dcfects, which experience mav discover in the
constitution.