THE TAJjL ET. NUMBER VIII. " Truth will ever be unpalatable to those, who deter mine not to reiluquijb error." i O deceive fools, and flatter knaves, is a line of conduct, that the art or the indolence of men may induce them to adopt. A crafty man may conceal tle truth from finilter views ; an indolent man ma} impof'e on himfelf as well as others, becaule he does not wish the trouble of knowing or com municating the truth. There lire various pretexts and various forms, under which a profefled poli tician pursues his obje<fl; while his real motive of action is generally kept out of fight. But I know oi no pretence, that is more commonly or more plausibly urged by designing men, than that they dehre to a«ft agreeably to the voice of the people. It has been acknowleged, that to oppose the public opinion, when right, is imprudent ; but it has alio been aliened, that to cherifhit, when -wrong, *s diflionelt. To afcettain the public opinion, should be the firft aim of a legiilator ; to coincide with it, as far as it is well grounded, is good policy ; but to reform old abuses and to introduce new lubjecls for public reflection, is a still greater du ty and a conspicuous honor. It is often asked by sensible and lioneft men, whether government should controul the pub lic opinion, or be controuled by it ? The truth ib, they have a reciprocal influence upon each o ther Many people will fay, that the formation of the new Confhtution was directed, in some de gree, by public opinion : This polition can hard ly be admitted. It is w ell known, that while the general Convention were in fellion, scarce any per -I'on ventured to predict, what would be the rel'ult of their deliberations. I mention this circumltance to prove that there was no definite public opinion' 1 elativeto that object.— When the proceedings of the Convention were publiibed, they were lather unexpected by the public mind, than contrary to it. 1 here was no general sentiment pre-conceived in the matter The weight of characters, who com poled the Convention ; tlie peculiar fitusuion of the country, and fevcral other causes-, have re n dered the new Conllitutioii generally acceptable. But upon the supposition, that each article of it had been previously recommended by town meet ings, and that it was, literally speaking, framed by the voice of the people, it would be no f'ufiici eiii rcafon that its adminiltration should not atft with wisdom and honefly ; and ltrive to promote the prosperity, rather than confirm the prejudices of the community. The government of every country; when once in operation, should produce a re-action upon the public opinion. It should search for it, estimate it, trace its origin, examine its effects, endeavor to remove its errors ; but what is of more impor tance, it should colled; the scattered fenthnents of the public and form them into proper fhripes ; and in some instances c.eate opinions and attachments wholly anew. Ido not barely confine my remarks of the re-aCtion of government upon the public mind, to iis speculative principles, but would ex tend uiy idea to a controul over the prejudices the habits and the.manners of the people. Men are or maybe, very much what the govern ment pleases to make them. There is no fatality in the cafe, why people cannot be made honed*, indullrious and pacific ; as well as turbulent, floth ful and knavilh. These different qualities may dif'cover themselves, without presupposing any change or improvement in the heart. ' They may be the result of good political regulations. We f.ftenobferve ainnn in some inftantes just and honor able ; while in other respeCts, his conducft deserves a revcrfe character. The fame causes, which made him partially virtuous, had they been extended, would have made him vikollj fb. Whenever we' fee a profligate man, we mult conclude, either, that he was educated in a wrong manner by his parents and guardians, orthat there was fbmethin a wrong in the government, under which he lived. A man is not doomed, by natural necCffity, to be a inave, any more than he is to be a conjurer I r e may be taught both, or he may be restrained from becoming either. We must therefore conclude that a government falls ihort of perfection, in r-ropor tion as its citizens are deficientin tliedifplay of a miable and ufeful qualities. The tafk.ofi lerifla tor, how much so ever he may have accomplished is never finifhed, while his inflitutions have failed of producing a. pretty perfect slate of society '] his will not be practicable perhaps in a full de gree, but with proper attempts, considerable im provements will not be found inattainable. The visionary projects of the ancient philoso phers, who supposed they could subdue the paf ■'■ons of men,and render them subservient to rcafon have beguiled many into a belief,that men always must be, juifc as they have been. The passions of men, it is true, can never be cxtinguifhed ; but they may lie diverted from objects that are hurtful to those that are beacflcial. No paflion, of the hu man mind is uneflential to the well beihg offocie ty ; and that any one is dangerous, h onlv because it is not properly managed. Nature furnifhes pafiions, but itis edtuai ion and government that turn tliciii to mis or that particular object. The common remark that legislators mufttair mankind as they find them, does not make it excufeabie that they ihould have men, as they find them. From the Massachusetts Magazine. On CHESTERFIELD'S LETTERS. If judgment, wit, and knowledge of mankind ; A polilh'd style, and manners moil refin'd, Can make a letter, or a man complete, All thefein Chefterfield united meet : But if an upright heart, religious truth, Morals and honor, form the perfect youth, t rom purer lights catch thou the guiding ray, And fpurnthe courtier, and his book away. ' MANUFACTURES. Extraflof a letter from a gentleman in Scotland, to his Friend in Philadelphia, dated 7,d Nov. I 788. " \V E have got a mill to go by water, forfpin ning flax and hemp ; and lam informed, that a mechanic here, has just invented a Jeanieor hand mill, that will spin flax or hemp : It can be made ot any number ot" heads or spindles, from forty to one hundred : A woman and girl will be able to spin twenty l'pinell of yarn on it, every week. Mills to go by water, have 31fo been erected at Glalgow, Derby, Nottingham, &c. Sfor lpinning long-wool, commonly called combed--woot. The cotton-mills, with a little alteration spin short or uncombed wool. Mills have lately been eredted in England for grinding, wheat, corn, &c. where little or no water can be had, to 50 by steam en gines : there is one of those mills, worked by steam engines, that drives thirty-two mill These improvements, would certainly be very beneficial in a country thinly peopled, and where wages are high. Models of all new and ul'eful im provements in hujbandry, if kept at some town in a central part of the State, where all might have accels to lee them, might tend to accelerate im provement in the cultivation of the ground ; this certainly ought to be done at the expense of the State. Brewing of malt liquors, will, I think, be providing the best market for your farmers ; and pro telling dut-es, on all articles imported from other countries will enable your manufacturers to pro ceed, with vigor, spirit and fyccefs : There cannot be a more certain way of giving encouragement to agriculture. than by providing, a fure,conftant and steady marker, for the produce of the earth : And undoubtedly manufallures at home, in this view, are a more sure and steady market than any foreign nation,who may cut of your market with them all at once. It behoves you,therefore,to Encourage Manufactures ; and the government ought,cer tainly,to lay on heavy duties, and to give bounties upon your home manufactures : But I hope your new government will rectify all these things." "NATIONAL MONITOR. NUMBER nr. " Common consent, gives currency to many er rors." IT has been obfervtd, that a proper sense of the 7hrTZ Ce "f diffufed generally along the people would prove a mojlpowerful _principle to per petuatc their freedom and happiness. The more this idea is revolved in 'the mind, the (Iron gerw.lt be tat tmpreffion of its truth; a,id the wore ex tensive its application to the cirCumfiances of human nature the greater will be the convidion of its compe tency to produce the moftfalutary effeds uponfbeiety It ,! a given principle, that the firft Jlep towards the acq,,,fit,on of any objed, is a feeling sense of its being neceliary to our happiness : Government has been too long considered as I he harbinger of human weaknefs,and depravity rather than the refill of the bejl andm o /t ex alted reafontng. Hence it is reflected upon, as "a ne cellary evil/' when in fad, it is part of the divine economy m the plan of human nature.—" Order is eav:n s fir]l law. A deviation from this Economy produces the great complaint of einls in thefyft em of mo rals and of humanity.—Government then is of divine origin—the divine government is absolute—is per fed ■ and for this reafon-becattfe it is founded in iL, it 'e ■wtfdom and all its operations are perfedly wife yill and good : And for this reufon also human fiver ments never should be absolute ; because the imperfec tions of our natures render it impofflble, that a perfed government should ever be founded and adminiftled by imperfett beings. J From tins idea las mankind been inspired to devift a balance ,n Government, or mutual checks ■ by which ■n a gradual way,fuch a degree of predion may be^l \ i t"' ie Z ,Jlut '°"> a " d that f"<rity in society, for ■whtchgoven-ment was originally intended by Heaven, nefe o jtrvations may serve in fame degree to impress he necefay and importance of government upon our Z/nd7" r «s defig,,, will be f l a n G F T H E GxVZETTE of the UNITED STATE 3 A NATIONAL PAPER. To be publifked at the seat of the. federal government an d compri/e, as fully a, pojjible, thefollowing ObjeHs, viz. ' " I. 'C'ARLY and authentick Accounts of the P."OC£tni\r -A—i ofCOXGRESS—its I-AW S, ACTS, and RESOLUTION'' communicated Co as to form an HISTORY of the TRAXSACTirivt of the FEDERAL LEGISLATURI, under the NEW CONSTITUTION 11. UiPAjTiAt Sketches of the Debates of Conc»e ss 111. ESSAYS upon the great fubiefb of Government meeiienl ;nd the federal Legislature in fartUuUr- a!fo upon the MimdJ tocal Rights ol the ..ierican c iti ujj, as found duponihcFc. dcral or State Conitituticns; also upou every other Sub'eft Ina V appear fuitablc for newspaper difcufiion. I > A SERIES of PARAGRAPHS, calculated to catch th livinc manners as they rise," and to point the publick attention to Objefls that have an important reference to dmelri facial, and publick happiness. ' V . The Interests of the United States as count cied with their li terary Inilitutions—religious and moral Objefts—lmprovements in Science, Arts, EDUCATION and HUMANITY—their forei™ Treaties, Alliances, Connections, &c. VI. Every species of INTELLIGENCE, which may affect t h» ommeraal, agricultural, manufaßuring, or political INTERESTS of -he AMERICAN REPUBLiCK. VII. A CHAIN of DOMESTICK OCCURRENCES, coMcd through the Medium of an extensive Correspondence with the ret pcctive States. VIII. A SERIES of FOREIGN ARTICLES of INTEUI GENCE, so conneflcd, as to form a general Idea of publick Again i, the cajtcrn Hcmifphcrc. IX The STATE of the NATIONAL FUNDS ; also of the IN DIVIDUAL GOVERNMENTS— Courses of Exchange—P, IM , Current, &c. CONDITIONS. I. . "£ Ga zett e of the Uni tid St ate s Jhallbe printed with tk J- 1 me Letter, and on the fume Paper as this publicat;cn. 11. _ It Jhallbe pull filed every WEDNESDAY and SATURDAY, ml e ivered, as may be dirked, to every Subscriber in the city, on thole it\s 111. , r li'J"'" Sui f cril " r * (exclusive of pottage) will be THREE DOL .LAKopr. annum. IV. 1 ll 'f'J^f rm '-'""iualpayment to be made in three monthsfromthett pctrance of thejirfl number. SUBSCRIPTIONS lV 'ni' " ll the "P' l ' tws upon the Continent-, also at tie City-Coffee-Houfc, at No. 86, William-Street, and at the Printing-Office, Ko. g, Maiden-Lane, near the Ofwe ? o- Markct, New-York. A. I. Jiy a new Arrangement made in the Stages, Subscribers at a distance jvill be duly furnifhed with papers. PO */- S i* 1 V;7~7 A * ar £ e "*P Te ll lon "f ery number nil/ be find cjf— Jo tiat oubfribers may always be accomnodatcd with complete Sett. To the PUBLIC K. AT tliis important Crisis, the ideas that fill the mind, are pregnant with Events of the greatest magnitude—to ilrengthen and complete the UNl rmmrnrT? 1816 ! — to exter, d and protetft their COMMERCE, under yet to be form trT~xT 0 ,^ Xp re 3, nd arran g e the NATIONAL rr> JItJ; t0 I rritore and establish the PUBLICK •jo /1~~ anc L dLL under the auspices of an un rDri/o ? Government, will require the EN r, or the Patriots and Sages of our Country— Hence the propriety of encreafmg tbeMtdimns of Km* ledge and Information. AMERICA, from this period, beoins i new Era in her national existence— << the world is all BitoßE her"—The wisdom and folly—the miferv ° f the EMPIRES, STATES, and KINGDOMS, winch have had their dav upon the great J heatre of Time, and are now no more, iuggeft themoft important Mementos—These, with the rapid series of Events, in which our ownCoun trj tas en io deeply interested, have taught the 0 iTnnM Citizens of the United States, that r wc Gov ERNMENT—LIBERTY and LA\* S, are inseparable. This ConviAion has led to the adop tion of the j-.ev Conlhtution ; for however various the Sen timents, refpedting the MERITS of this Syftein, all C f°° Vt!4iV>rr- e xf^ reecl 111 the 3lece ffity that exists, of .in Er 1- ICLENI 1 EDERAL GO VEPJSfMENT. Al ivrw'Drxm fore ' eftabliihed upon NATION-' pt £■« v- INDENT, and IMPARTIAL PRINCI -1 w Inch /hall take up the premised Articles, upon a comretent p lan, it is presumed, will be iga y mterefting, and meet with publick appro bation and patronage. 1 he Editor of this Publication is determined to of unexploredHe Ci S-j '. u , a 1 z f nce of Persons of leisure and abili rillT' rir u ™ ted with disown assiduity, he flat ters himfelf will render the Gazette of the United " ot , m r vonh y general encouragement andis, Vith due respect, the publick's humble fer- C ' JOHN F E NN 0. Aeu-Yori, Aprih 5 , i 7 Sq. A nr, TW ? Y °UNG SPRIGHTLY LADS A f p ted > as APPRENTICES to the Business luWhedby JOHN FENNO, No. 9, Maiden <NE ' the Oswego-Mjrist, Nit w-York.
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