adhered to, that he had prepared an additional lift cf articles, which he asked leave to read and lay cn the table, that they might form part of the Svltem which should finally be adopted. Mhe gen tleman observed, in the course of his speech, that the encouragement of the manufactures of our own country, was doubtless an object with the Hon. Kouf'e, and this was connected with the lay ii r proper restrictions on foreign articles. The Hon. Gentleman's addition follows, viz. \ Beer, alt, porter, beij, pork, butter, candles oj all kinds, chcefe,foap, n d j malt, nails, paper, blank books, cabinet wares, cables, cordage, fait, manufaßured tobatco, fnvjf, ironmongery, hats, millenary, tanned leather, Jims and carriages.] Mr. Whits observed, that as thefeafonwas ad vancd, and entering fully into the consideration of the several branches of the fubjecc, would polfi bly protract the debates, foas.to defeat the origin al clefign ; and as the prelent lituation of the ma nufactures of our country was not fully known to him, and perhaps to many other gentlemen, he was opposed to an incorporation of the additional articles with thole at firll; proposed, for the present. Mr. Thacher proposed, that the blank annex ed to the article " Rum" should be filled up with I 5 90ths of a dollar. Mr. I Uckfr, in a speech of confiderablelength, opposed a sudden decision upon the subject, as the House was not full, the members from Georgia and South Carolina, liimfelf excepted, were abfent,and in the article to which it was now proposed to have a duty affixed, tliofe States were as much interest ed as perhaps any State in the Union. The gen tleman represented his own situation |as peculiar, being the only member from the southward of Vir ginia, and that he should be obliged, in this state of the business, to give his negative upon the ques tion should it be precipitated ; but were his col leagues present, whatever his sentiments now were, he might then be disposed to adopt a different opi nion. More particularly, he v/as not prepared to form a judgment upon that part of the resolve, which referred to a duty on flapping of various descriptions : 1 his was a particularly critical to pick, about which gentlemen had very much dif fered; and that without conf'ulting his colleagues in the delegation, he should not poflels confidence enough in his own judgement to decide affirma tively upon a queilion offo great magnitude. Mr. Hartly, in a short address, advocated the additional articles proposed by Mr. Fitzfimons. Mr. Madison, in a speech of considerable length, entered into the subject of Commerce—its restric tions, &c. with respect to the resolve before the committee, Jiis design was to have proposed a tem porary lyftem ; he however perceived gentlemen were much divided—he conceived that very pow erful motives existed, to induce the adoption of a plcn that should come into immediate operation. He admitted there was force in the observations of the Hon. Gentleman from South-Carolina, but that national objects were paramount to all lo cal considerations. The Hon. Gentleman appeared to reprobate exceflive restrictions, or impositions on commerce as impolitic and unproductive. With respect to the discrimination upon the fubje«fk of tonnage, ir was made upon principles of the belt policy. Mr. Maddison agreedwitli the Hon. Mr. 1 itzsimons, that fpecifick duties oil particular articles, was the most eligible mode of laying an impost. He remarked that some of the articles proposed, had reference to the encouragement of oar own manufactures. How far the commit tee was prepared to determine upon this part of the buiinefs, he could not fay, but he confideretl it as abufinefs that ought to be deferred for the prelent. Mr. Maddison spoke low. we were not mthe most favourable situation to hear, and there fore could not follow that gentleman through a which we are informed discovered great theoretical knowledge of the general subjects of difcuifion. Mr. Boudi not made some general observations, pei tinent to the subject, and concluded by enquir- Why the article of glass was not included, as there are several manufactories of that article al ready established in the country. Mr. F itzsimons and some other gentlemen ad ded a few more observations, when, on motion of Lee, the committee rose, and the lioufe ad journed. Fa id at, April to. he House met and adjourned without doing; Pulinefs. 6 T , , Saturday, April u. Ie house aTembled agreeably to adjournment. .i ( P-t.tion from the tradesmen, manufacturers, and others, of own of Baltimore, was presented by Mr Smith, and referred * ecommitte of the whole house. lie oufc then resolved itfelf into a committee of the whole. * r - * AG£ in the chair. i.u "tderof the day being called for by Mr. Sherman. ' o °dnue moved, that an addition to the lill of articles al- VJ/ ' cnum erated in the resolve, might be made by the following, which"v woo '" cari ' s i wiought tin-ware, limes and lemons lie a'" aro^r ' ma de a motion, that a feleft committee intoV ,rV tn ta * e important business ot a fyflcm of revenue Mo conf,deration,_ p re p are a bil , „ nd . order ' a,r J nan upon this, observed, that the motion was not in vvasa'nr/* ClO , was then in a committee of the whole. It 'hflor-,k^' OU r t ' U on whether that committee should rife and Upon I " C ' he Chalr ' ">od moved iL' ' hC S cn, Jeman varied his motion by an amendment, • e committee report, rife, and the fpealier resume the than', and then that the aforefaid committee be chofcn, —the gen tleman enforced the propriety of his motion with observations of conlidcrjble length ; but his voice was io low, that it was impofli ble to hear him diflinCtly, so as to continue a connection. Mr. Soudi not in a lengthy address combated the idea of Mr. Par ker» He was in favour of an immediate, but temporary system; —as an attempt to fcrm a permanent plan involved an enquiry whioh comprised a great variety of particulars, that the present ob jeCt would not adijiit of: It would be neceflary he observed io ob tain information from various sources, viz, with respeCt to the afrual imports of the feveraj Hates. 2dly The produce of the im ports realized upon their amount in the refpe&ive governments. 3d. Communications from the mercantile interests through the union without the Ipecies of information to be derived from the last-mentioned source—gentlemen mull be that very essen tial errors might be committed. A permanent system also included the idea of framing suitable provisions for the collection of the duties, which Opened a field wide and complicated. To obviate these difficulties, the gentleman proposed that a Am ple temporary system should be adopted—that the mode of collec tion (hould be conformable to the laws already extant in the seve ral Hates for that purpose; in those Hates where no such laws had fxifted, those of the next Hate should be adopted. Col. Bland, rose next. He was likewifc opposed to the motion of the Hon. Mr. Parker, —as involving the idea of permanency: —He there fore proposed, that the gentleman {hould withdraw his motion, in which cafe he was prepared io introduce a rcfolve which in his opinion would expedite the business before the committee, which was, that it should now be determined, whether the System should be a temporary, or a permanent one. A previous resolution of this kind, the Col. observed, wonld relieve the minds of many gentle men, who in that cafe, would be prepared for filling up the blanks. Mr. Parker, however, did not fee proper to withdraw his mo tion, but rc-inforced it with additional observations. Mr. Maddison was opposed to Mr. Parker's motion. He said, that as the Committee had made some prugrefs in the business now nder consideration, and gentlemen appeared to be principally di vided as to the expediency of a temporary or permanent System. It would in his opinion rather protraCt than expedite decisions, to throw back upon a feleCl committee the investigation of the subjeCt, cfpecially as it was certain, that the fame enquiries might now be made, with facility, which would arise after a leleCt committee had prepared a draught to submit to the consideration of the whole. He was therefore opposed to the rising of the Committee. Several other gentlemen spoke upon the question, but on a divi sion of the house it was finally loft. This motion being negatived, Col. Bland's proportion respeCt ing taking the sense of the Committee, whether }he System ihould be temporary, was taken up. Mr. Thachkr observed, that it was impoflible to determine with lccurracy, as to the duration of a System, before it was formed— when onee completed, the House could give as long, and as lhort • period fur operation, as should appear most eligible. Should the System appear to be good, no person would wiih it a temporary ex istence : Should it not prove salutary, no afligned date for its ger mination would warrant its being continued beyond experience of its beneficial efleCts. He was tberefore for leaving the period to an alter consideration. Mr. Boudinot was in favour of the temporary resolve of Col. island, as on the contrary lentiment, the bill to be framed mult go .0 making provision for the collection of the duties, as also to a con :inental Judicial System, an objeCl of such magnitude, as would pre lude any decisive measures till such time as willentirely disappoint ill our expectations of the immediate advantages that would result rom a temporary system, which the gentleman observed, might be matured in two or three days. Mr. Maddison, Mr. Lee, and other gentlemen spoke upon the motion, which was finally withdrawn. Mr. Maddison then brought forward a motion to thts effeCt',— That it is the opinion of this Committee, that a Committee of the House ought to be appointed to prepare the draught of a Bill to re gulate the collection of Duties 011 Impolls and Tonnage within the United States. This motion was adopted. On motion of Mr. Lee, it was resolved, to proceed in filling up he articles in the original resolution. Mr. Maddison proposed of a dollar on Rum. Mr. Sherman, as an amendment, proposed cents. Another gentleman proposed 10 cents; but without thequeftion's ,)eing put, the Committee, moved for by Mr. Maddifon, was elcCt :d, and confilled of a member from eacft State. Adjourned to Monday, n olclock. , Monday, April 13, 1789. The House met agreeably to adjournment. The additional Rules and Orders reported by the Committeeap pointed for that purpose, were taken into consideration—some of •hem amended and accepted—others recommitted. A {landing Committee of Elections is enjoined by one of these Rules—and accordingly the House appointea this Committee, which :onfifls of Mr. Clymer, Mr. Amis, Mr. Benson,Mr. Hunting ton, Mr. Carrol, Mr. White, and Mr. Oilman. A Committee was also appointed to confer with the Committee if the Senate, upon the subjeCt of arrangements for the reception of he Prciident and Vice-President, and consisted of Mr. Sherman, Mr. P. Muhlenburc, Mr. Be nson, and Mr. Griffin. Mr. Burke presented a petition from the Shipwrights of South- Caroline, praying the attention ot Congress to their situation, and hat a Navigation ACt might be paded in favour of American vef els^—this was referred to a Committee of the whole. Adjourned. . .. TuesdaV, April 14. Met agreeable to adjournment. A Bill for regulating the manner of taking the oath prescribed by the Constitution, was read the firft time. The articles of the additional rules,which were recommitted yef icrrlay, were read as amended by the Committe and accepted. Order of the day being called for, the House went into a Com mittee of the whole. Mr. Pace in the Chair. Mr. Lawrence proposed that for the article of rum in the re solve before the Committe, ardent jpints, Jamaica proof, should be substituted; this was afterwards changed todijlilllea spirits, Jamaica proof\ as it now Hands. Mr. Bland, after adverting to a temporary system, as the most eligible, enforced the idea upon the impropriety of taxing several articles in the resolve, which were absolutely eflential to the for mation of many species of tools made use of by our manufacturers ; and in order that Congress might have time, properly to discrimi nate between the articles, and form a compleat and permanent system, he introduced a motion to this effeCt, That Congress pass a law, authorizing and establishing the collection of impost thro' the slates, agreeably to the revenue laws extant in the several go vernments, and that the officers be fubjeCl to the fame regulations and penalties. Mr. Floyd observed, that the subjeCt naturally divided itfelf intotwo parts, general and fbecified articles : The latter were too num rous, he conceived, to be taken up collectively: The question was, How (hall we discriminate ? he would pro pole therefore, to expedite the business, that the articles lhould be taken individually, and determined upon—and if gentlemen would bring the question to this iflue, whether, considering the particular situation of the country, it would be advifeable thus to tax the respeCtive articles ? A proper distinCtion would be made, and the business brought to a speedy determination. Mr. Boudinot seconded the motion of Mr. Bland. Mr. Maddison objeCted to its introduction, as not being inorder. Col. Bland observed, that the present objeCt of the Committee, a permanent system, would in all probability subjeCt the States to a lois ot two or three hundred thousand pounds. The Chairman obfcrvirig that he confidetecf the motion aS hot in order. It was withdrawn by M/. Bland. Mr. La wrfenc e, upon the iubjeft of filling tip blanks* pro posed twelve cents to fill that ann.xed to dilhllcd spirits, Jamaica proof ! He obfenred, that low duties would be inore certainly col lected, as experience had verified> that htgh duties held out power ul temptations to Smuggling—rendered a more vigourous mods of collection necdTary, which again was proportiona-bly expen sive, and eventually dtinimfhed tlie produce of the revenue, belo ./ he amount of modei ate daiies. Mr. Fitesi mons was in favour of 15 cents. Mr. Maddison proposed 10 cents. Mr. Boudikot 15j which was finally voted, and 12 cents pr*. gallon 011 all other spirits. Upon the article of molalTes, Mr. Lawrence proposed two cents pr. gallon. Mr. Maddison eight cents pr/ gollom Mr. Parker made some observations which we could not dif-* tinetly hear. Mr. Lawlence observed, that two cents were in his opinion* juite high enough, in proportion to the prime colt, the precon ceived ideas of the duty on that article* and its being a raw mate rial, the basis of an eXtensive manufacture. Mr. Maddison continued, however, in favour of eight cents, and made some allusions to the pernicious affeCts resulting frorri the Life of fpiritous liquors:—'He reprobated the idea of a draw-back, ag opening a door to various species of fraud. Mr. FitElimons was alio in favour of eight cents, —upon fimilat priilciples. Mr. Goodhuf., was totally oppdfed to so high a duty, which amounted to nearly 50 pr. cent:—He observed, that the importa tion of molaHes was an important branch of comm,erce and prin cipally to the Ealtern Hates; that independent of ts being a great article of manufacture, it was used by many persons as a necdlary of life, being a fubftitue for sugar, and mixed with water, for beer: That lo high a duty would operate injuriously towards a very numerous class of people; besides being attended with the most pernicious confcqucuces to the navigation and fifhery of the ealtern states. Mr. Maddison observed, that if the duty on molafTes<was to be complained of, where that was used in lieu of sugar, the duty on sugar would be a counter balance to it. Mr. Clymer, in support of an high duty, introduced the po-* licy of discouraging the use of fpiritous and encouraging that of malt liquors. Mr. Ame* combated the laying so high a duty, as it was beyond the ratio that gentlemen could poflibly think eligible as a general idea, —as it operated as a tax upon a raw material, which proved to some 01 the states a very important branch of manufactures; as it would llnke a mortal blow to this manufacture—prove highly injurious to the eastern fifheries and to their navigation, which was very extensively employed by this business : Molasses was a meer refule article in the islands, tho* valuable to us ; the refufe of our fifh and lumber were the great remittances for it; when im ported and manufaCtnred* from thecheapnefs at M.hich it could be afforded, it forced a sale even in the British islands. It was the ostensible design of gentlemen* to raifea revenue—this exceflive du-t ty would annihilatean extensive fourceof revenue : It would prove suddenly destruCtive to great property appropriated to that business, and effeCtuelly destroy a very important manufacture; for these rea sons (and for mr.nyotncrs, which Mr. Ames offered,but which time will not permit us to tranfcribej he was decidedly opposed to so high a duty. ♦ Mr. Maddison proposed to amend his motion by making the duty seven cents. Mr. Partridge, Mr. Boudinot and Mr. Fitzsimons, fe derally spoke upon the lubjeCt—when the vote being called for* the duty on molafTes was laid at fix cents pr. gallon. On Madeira wine, cents pr. gallon. On all other wines, 20 cents pr. gallon. On brown sugar, at one cent pr. lb. On loaf f"ugar, three cents pr. lb. On all other sugars, one and half cent pr. lb. Cn coffee, two and half cents pr. lb. The Committe then rose—The Speaker resumed the :he House adjourned. (To be continued.) A very incompetent judgment only, can be formed upon the proceedings of Congress thus far : The debates have hitherto been indefinite and so far, uninteresting. It is the part of true patriotism to wait patiently the decisiOn of otir civil fathers, when the publick affairs are in such a train as to present only, a choice of difficulties. THE PROGRESS. Exceflive Duties produce a rigorous collection— odious revenue Officers—Smuggling—-COMBINA TION S—lnfurrecl:ions —Treasons— Rebellions— Civil War—Loss of Constitution— Loss of Freedom. FUR TRADE. Thefollozdivr eflnnate of Furs, exported from Canada, in thexears 1786, 1787 and 1788, may perhaps fuggejl to the " POWERS THAT li£" fume important ideds ; it is authentic. f 963 jop is sjjSAj V 9 61 CSi'Hi-7 '.(muMj ) spumbj ogf ■Suiws _ C sjm<l qnj faS'gi i 5055 191 - - 'mtuoyej q[t6is qiH't'i qpiti 1 -n - . 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