THE DAILY EVENING TELEGRAPH PHILADELPHIA, TUESDAY, MAY 30, 18. SriRIT OF TUB MES3. I DITOB7AL OPINIONS OF TBI IXIDZSO JOUfiALS UPON CURRENT TOPI08 COMPILED ETEBT DAT FOB THE EYENTOO TELEQBAPH. CAVALCADING CHRISTIANS. From the jr. r. World. Our Washington correspondents inform us that a great sensation has been created in that city daring the past week by the appear ance in its ntreets and avenues of an indefi nite nnmber of young Christiana. These young Christians hare entertained the capital with processions, Bongs, and hymns, and one is left a little in doubt whether the extreme excitement caused by their presenoe and their performances is to be attributed to their ma Bical gifts, to their good looks, to their excel lent drill in marching, or merely to the faot of their being Christians. When we consider the average tone of Washington morals and religion, it will seem to be reasonable enough that the spectacle of a procession of young Christians should appear to that city a more novel and amazing show even than Mr. Bar lingame with bis heathen Chinee, or the un believing "Japs," or the idolatrous Indians from our far Western frontier. ' Why young Christians, however, should feel themselves called upon, not in their capacity as citizens, but in their quality of young Christians, to march in military procession through the streets of the Federal capital singing the "Star-Spangled Banner," is really, when one conies to refleot upon it, much more of a puzzle than why the people of Washing ton should leave their homes and hearths and run into the Btreets to look at them. The only reference which we can at this moment recall from the Christian Scriptures to any connection between Christian believers and the streets of a city is an injunction laid upon His disciples by the founder of Christianity that whenever they desired to pray they should take particular care to avoid following the example of the Pharisees, who had a way of Baying their prayers standing "at the corners of the streets that they might be seen of men." . This injunction, if it was cot disobeyed to the letter by the young Christians at Washington, oertainly was not kept by them in the spirit. They ean hardly have imagined, when they marshalled their array in Pennsylvania avenue and set forth with shouts and lights for the White House like a political delegation, or a target com pany, or a "gTand army of the repablio," that they were likely to pass unnoted of men; and it is just possible that when they lifted np their voices in "psalms and hymns and spiritual songs" under the Presidential roof they were not wholly exalted out of all con sciousness that mortal ears, and those of high degree, were listening to their well-modulated strains. All this would be harmless enough in its absurdity if theBe "Christian yoang men" professed to regard their Chris tianity as Freemasons regard their Freemasonry, or "Knights Templar" their knighthood, as a special mystery and bond, that is, of their own by virtue of which they became a brotherhood apart from other uninitiated men, and are called npon by virtue of that brotherhood from time to dine and "processionize" and make excur sions together. In that case, however muoh they might bore the population by singing in the streets at untimely hours, or turning the tide of travel out of the highways into shoals and eddies, no permanent soandal would fol low ' the temDorarr- aonoraBot. Bat - we understand Christianity to be the general religion of the land, and those vouns men to have associated themselves together for the purpose of set tins forth the peouliar merits and innuenoes of Christianity in an exemplary and superior manner. This they certainly are not in a way to achieve by imitating the suspioiously vain glorious and self-conscious fashions of merely worldly brotherhoods, by seeking notoriety in the hichwav and by subjecting the President of the United States to an hour or two of hand-shakine to the tune of very slow musio, with General Howard standing by as chief executioner. The Scripture, it is true, enjoins Christians to "render unto Caesar the things that are Csesar's." But the Constitution nowhere pro vides that the President shall have his hand shaken in his own house by a thousand exour- Bionists, nor yet that he shall be entitled to . demand hymns and psalms as tribute from all Christian young men who chance to pass throueh Washington. If these religious ex. ercises were devotional they should have been rendered not undor Caesar bat unto God. If they were not. devotional it would not be civil for us to say precisely what they were. AFTElt THE COMMUNE, WHAT? From tke jy. F. Tribune. The despatches which we publish announce the entire defeat of the rans insurgents. M Thiers and his troops are in possession of so much of the city as still remains, and if aay ' straggles . continue they are the hopeless efforts of a few hundred Communists barri caded in a corner, to whom despair has lent a ' hideous sort of courage. There can be no doubt that the Commune, as a military or political force, has ceased to exist. Possibly it is too soon to sum up its reoord or write its epitaph, but it is difficult to believe that the remotest age will remember it without a shud der, or the most impartial historian modify the nassionato condemnation which all the world has alreadv pronounced on its acts. . Mr. Frederio Harrison, in the ForU nightly lievieio, is, we believe, the onlv known writer who has found an explanation for the Commune, or discovered any method in its madness. Bat the dreadful work of the last week destroys the only value which might have belonged to the passionate rhapsody of the Positivist speculator. The better the idea out of whioh the Commune sprang, the worse for the world. An idea hat has found expositors like Pyat and Kigault, and that enlisted Dombrowaki and Cluseret in its defense, has little chance of being accepted hereafter by honest men. Paris had a right to municipal self-govern ment, no aouoi, dui tne only possible apo logy for the imperial oppression against which the great city protested, has been bud plied by the madmen who made her the otter of liberty. The social questions whioh the Commune sought to raise have been pressing for a settlement for years past. They never bad so good a chance for fair consideration a within the past twelvemonth. It is probable that the Commune has postponed them for half a century. Sooial reorganizations have come before now through convulsions and great agonies, but they come in spite of dU orders, and not by blp of them. The Sap. tember massacres made republicanism impos sible in France. The barbarities of the Com mune have undone the work of a score of reformers, and closed the ear of Europe t every demand for social readjustments If the overthrow of the Yendome column was meant as a protest against the military spirit, Jn behalf of what new doctrine o f good-will d the charred ruins of Paris plead ? Hat the death of the Coironne Li only tne beginning of the end. M.Thiers w master of faria to-day, and being nraster, his diffi culties are still all before him. The Ver sailles Government has never been popular even with the Parisians to whm th e Com mune was most odious. Before- it quitted Bordeautyit had contrived to outrage the sensibilities of the vainest population in the world. Every sbOplteeper on the Boulevards felt himself humiliated at being; gqveraed from a provincial city, ard the vote of the Assembly to adjourn to Versailles instead of 1'aris was resented as a wanton anront. a or all this M. Thiers wb held responsible. ITe had not been thoroughly popular in Paris even when Paris chose him as one of her deputies in the Corps Legislatif. It was' not Thiers whom tiey loved, so much as XSapoieon wnom tney nated, and in the same way it was the fierce hostility of Paris to the rulers Mho surrendered the city to the Prussians that led them to wel come any successors. When the Executive whom the Bordeaux Assembly had chosen had established itself in the capital, Paris all at once found itself divided into two hostile camps. Paris in rags sat scowling from the Buttes Montmartre, while Paris in broad cloth implored M. Thiers either to govern or give way to somebody who would. ITe did neither. The insurgents might have been dispersed without difficulty during the first week or fortnight. Iney might nave been beaten even after a month's delay, had' M. Thiers known how to attach his own troops to him, or had Yinoy shown ordinary skill in planning his movement. The doable failure drove the Thiers government to Ver sailles, followed by the hisses of the city be could not rule. Then came that long period of inaction and that weary show of incapacity and fear, while t'-ie insurrection crew daily stronger, while the Commune organized itself and intrenched the city, and throughout which the contempt of the Parisians for M. Thiers daikened day by day into hate. His bombardment of the city followed, and Paris saw with indignation her lawful rulers battering down what her ene mies had spared. From the day when the shells began falling about the Aro de Tri- amphe, the anger against M. Thiers was as strong among his old partisans as among his old opponents. What must it be to-day, when the city lies in ruins solely because the chief who ought to have saved her was unequal to the worn? That is the immediate difficulty of the situation. It is not possible to believe that M. Thiers can long continue at the head of this Government. It is equally difficult to name a successor under whom the Government could be carried on in its present shape. If we are to regard the existing Uovern- ment as permanent in form, we shall look about in vain for an exeoutive whose claims to popular confidence could inspire any hope of success. To put a weak man or an un known man in M. Thiers' place is to encour ages the intrigues of Orleanists, of Bourbons, and of Imperialists alike. There are no means of forming an opinion on the proba ble chances of either, nor is it certain that society may not find a savior who should prove neither an imbecile nor a tyrant. Bat he must be a sanguine man indeed who can discover in the circumstances of to-day muoh ground for believing that the repablio is likely to prove stronger than all its opponents together. THE . LATEST COAL MINE HOBJJOIJ.. from th A', r. Herald. On Saturday last Pittston, Pa., was the scene of a calamity similar to that whioh visited Avondale in the autumn of 1869. The shaft of one of the mines took fire, and as it was the only means of ingress and egres all the workmen in the mine were completely shut out from escape. Fortunately the num ber of men thus trapped was not as great as at Avondale, where one hundred human beings fell victims to the carelessness, inhu mamty, or, what is most likely, avanee of the mining companies. At Pittston only thirty-6even men were entombed, of whom eighteen were taken out dead and the others alive, though insensible. It is feared that the recovery of several of the latter is im possible. . , One would have thought that after the ter rible catastrophe at Avondale precautions would have been taken at onoe against its occurrence in other mines. The faot that the number of victims in the Pittston mine is only eighteen does not make their fate less horrible to contemplate. Two years ago we called the attention of the mining companies to the necessity of providing all their mines with more than one shaft, so that the work men would be not only secured against death from sudden and unforeseen ooourrenoea, but that they would, be all provided with a strong, health-preserving current of pure air, so -much needed in all mines. It is evident from the tragedy at Pittston that there has not been any improvement in this direction. The mine in which tne thirty-seven man were immured has but a single shaft; that shaft took fire, and instantly every soul in the depths below was as muoh cut off from escape as are any of the souls we read of in Dante s "inierno. Mot long ago the same shaft caught fire, and, says the report, "has not been considered entirely safe in its work ing-gear tor some time. Nevertheless, on Thursday last, a mine inspector investigated its condition "and reported everything satis factory. But, as events have proven, every thing was not satisfactory. In the first plaoe, tnere was danger of tne shaft taking fire, and, in the next, the company was deliberately violating the law, which forbids the em ployment, at one time, of more than twenty men in a mine which has but one means of retreat. Furthermore, there was next to nothing at hand to extinguish a fire in the event of one occurring. When the shaft at Pittston was in flames on Saturday a miserable weu was the only source from which water could be rapidly obtained, and as its supply was insufficient recourse was had to the river, half a mile distant. In short, every fact aeveiopeajoy thetragedy strength ens the evidence of the criminal negligenoe of the company in the matter of providing against nres. A witty Englishman has observed that for a people who make it a constant boast that they possess more freedom than any other nation on earth, Americans suomit to an amount of tyranny from oorporate bodies that would provoke a revolution in Europe. The truth of this assertion is to be seen in this latest coal mine horror. So far as we are aware the Avondale tragedy had not the Blight est effect npon the corperations which own the Pennsylvania mines. Although the ex penBe of constructing additional air passages and means of escape from death is oompara tivtly trifling, nothing seems to have been done. Our correspondent in Pittston reports the excitement as intense at that plaoe, and well it may be. The sudden stifling to death of eighteen husbands and fathers is a cat&birophe horrible enough to excite one, I'urliculttrly where the tragedy could and should have been prevented by the simplest and least expensive of precautions. It is not long since the monopolists who own the mines crushed all resistance out of the miners and compelled them to return to work on their own terms. During the long and weary strike, of which a surrender was the result, the companies appealed to the publio for support, alleging that their expenses for bade their paying the wages demanded. If these expenses inolude life-saving appliances, we should like to know what amount was ex pended for the purpose. It is the duty of every corporation to adopt all reasonable pre cautions for saving the lives of its employes. In the Pittaton mine there was no precaution whatever taken. The shafts of all mines are liable to take fire at any moment; it is impos sible perhaps to guard against accidents of this kind; but where a mine has more than one shaft the chance of the community being horrified by the wholesale choking to death of workmen becomes so infinitesimally small that it can scarcely be said to exist at all. It is, perhaps, to much to hope- that the Pittston tragedy, following within two years alter that at Avoniale, will bring the coal companies to a proper sense of the duty they owe to the miner, But we trust it will in fluence the Pennsylvania Legislatnrto enact a law compelling the- monopolists t provide additional shafts to- every mine whioh at prosent has only one,, and forbidding under heavy penalty the working of any mine as dangerous to human life as that at Pittston. A law of this kind is necessary to- prevent the recurrence of just such horrors t the one re parted. THE TREATY WITH AMEF.ICA. From the' Lvndon SatxtrtUty Review. The President of tbe United States, having previously summoned an extraordinary ses sion i ar tne purpose 01 considering; tne con clusions of the Joint Commission, is now able to submit to tbe Senate the treaty which has been concluded. It proves to be an absolute surrender of every, point for whioh successive iiihgush trovernments have contended. It commsnoes with the- humble apology whioh was demanded in vain by Mr. Sumner and Mr. Fish; and the English commissioners, a if for the expreos- purpose of humiliating their oountry, have committed the blunder of declaring that the law which they recognize f ov the purpose of compensation was not in force when fhe supposed'. liability was incurred. A, penalty inflicted for the breach- of a legal obligation would have been comparatively. endurable. .The exense for their iaoons:- tency is founded: on the professed desire of' the English Government to cultivate friendly, relations with tke United States. A thinner veil could not have been woven to disguise the true motive of unqualified) submission. It is not easy to- understand the imminence of the danger whioh seems to have frightened' the commissioners. At the worst the Ameri can Government could only have threatened a lawless invasion of Canada; and it inot likely that so eoarse a menace was used to accelerate the negotiation. If any patriotic American desire fully to appre ciate the triumph of bis country, he hae only to contrast the treaty with the despatches of Lord Russell and Lord Clarandon, and above all with Mr. Bernard's excellent treatise, which from this time is obsolete. It is not surprising either that Mr.. Sumner expresses general satisfaction with the treaty, or that he thinks it practicable to. inflict on England tbe additional atlront of making the arbitra tion exclusively one-sided. Perhaps the more generous section of his countrymen -will be sntlsned witb th ample revenge wtalcb they have secured for all real and imaginary onenses. As the removal of Mr. Sumner from the office of Chairman of Foreign Relations proves that tbe President is. supported by a majority in the Senate, there is every reason to believe that the convention will be ratified. Circum stances have changed sinoe the vexatious re jection of Mr. lleverdy Johnson's treaty. In 18G9, when Air. iSoward shared tbe profound unpopularity of Mr. Andrew Johnson, chronic ill-will to England was stimulated by unwill ingness to allow the outgoing administration the credit of enecting a settlement of the dis- Eute. General Grant and Mr. Hamilton Fish ave on moro than one occasion displayed an exacting and unfriendly spirit in deal ing with the Alabama controversy; but their late proceedings seem to prove that they have the good sense to prefer a substantial victory . to any political advantage which they might se cure by keeping the quarrel open. As the Eng lish Commissioners consented to surrender the main point in dispute, the President's Govern ment can scarcely be blamed for adopting their decision. In the arrangement of a com- iromise or of a submission, the party who is ess eager for an adjustment enjoys an undoubted superiority. In the United States the possibility of a rupture with . England involved a mere disturbance of commercial credit; and in popular estimation . the incon venience was overbalanced by the hope that war might result in territorial aggrandize ment. Englishmen, on the other hand, have cultivated for many years a genuine love of peace whioh is neither shared nor understood by any other civilized community; nor could it be forgotten that a struggle in Canada would be oonduoted under the most un favorable conditions. There was nothing to gain and much to lose in a conflict with the United States; and the hostile feeling which so largely affects American poli tics has never been reciprocated in Eng land. The great majority of the people, having neither leisure nor inclination for the study of questions of international law, have probably received a vague impression that the persistent complaints of Amerioan speak ers and writers must have had more or less foundation; and the present Govern ment is not especially susceptible on delicate points of honor. Mr. Gladstone has, sinoe the final overthrow of the Southern Confed eracy, felt and expressed the deepest remorse for the sympathy with which he regarded their heroio efforts when they seemed likely to win. Lord Stanley and Lord Clarendon have, by their large concessions to the exi gency of Mr. Seward and Mr. Reverdy John son, prepared general opinion for the ulti mate prevalence of the Amerioan demands. The additional quarrel with respect to the fisheries, which has reoently been fastened on England and Canada, unexpectedly gave an opening for fresh negotiations in the mat ter of the Alabama. To Sir Edward Thorn ton's proposal of a commission on the fishery question, the Secretary of State replied by a suggestion that the same machinery should be used to prepare the way for a settlement of the still more serious dispute. . When England was a self asserting and perhaps a pugnacious power, the overture would not have been readily ao oepted. It was known from Mr. Fish's noto rious despatch to Lord Clarendon, and from the President's last message to Congress, that the American demands had extended even be yond the limits which were defined by Mr, Sumner; but the Ministers probably only wuhed to find a deoent exouse for giving way, and a cominibsion might be supposed to giro a kfa j of judicial color to- prefoterruined snrreader. Like the conference of . three months ago, the commissioners met without ary foregone conclusion, but with a result which might be easily foreseen, as it was in volved in the terms of their appointment. There could be no objection to their concur rence in a prospective , alteration of international law. Times . and circum stances have changed; and . it . may perhaps be expedient to impose on neutrals a further restriction in their dealings with bel ligerents. Many politicians hold that tbe pro hibition of the equipment of vessels which may afterwards be armed as cruisers would be highly valuable if England were a-principal in a maritime war. It is agreed on all bands that, according, to the existing law, an armed vessel fit for service cannot be law fully allowed to issue from a neutral port; and throughout the Alabama controversy the English Government admitted, perhaps with an excess of candor, that on sufficient evi dence the ship might have been prevented from leaving the Mersey. The subsequent judgment cf the Court of Exchequer threw a do.ibt on the soundness of the opinions of Lord Russell's law advisers; but the Americans may fairly rely in argument on the virtual acknowledgment of the legitimacy of their Srotests. In his long correspondence with In Adams Lord Russell clearly proved- that aeoordmg to European and Amerioan prece dents the English Government was not re sponsible for tbe esoape of the Alabama, but it was impossible to fall back on a position which had been abrmdoned by his successors at the Foreign Office. The sting of tha convention, apart from considerations of national honor and self respect, lies in the retrospective effect which i given to the new provision of international law. There is muoh difference of opinion as to the soundness of the policy embodied in the Declaration of Paris; and it has been con tended that the maritime power .of England is diminished by the rule that free bottoms make free goods; but it has never been alleged that the declaration iavolved any compromise of national dignity.. If the old rule bad been enforced during the Crimean, war, a demand that enemy's goods captured. ir neu tral vessels should be restored would have been summarily rejected. The deliberato change of the, law implied that the - right of capture existed up to the date of the declaration. It appears that the commissioners, having agreed on a certain proposition of law, have further pro vided that the Alabama question sh&ll - be de termined in conformity with the new enact ment. It woald have been a simpler .course to state that the conduct of the Eorjliah Gov ernment in the Alabama oase was a. breach of international law ; bat the English commissioners may be excused, for preferring a form of. expression which partially veils the real character of their decision. The maohinery which they have provided for determining the claims is highly decorous, and even ornamental. IX is perhaps pi aa nan ter to be fined by a Court of Kings and Presidents of Republics than. by a vulgar board of arbitrators. It is not known whether the Emperor cf Brazil can command the serviaes of accomplished jurists- among bis own oubiects; but there can be no doubt that the Governments-. which have been se lected to.give dignity to the arrangement will take care that tbey are respectably repre sented at Washington. A dunoulty arising from tiie possible refusal of the llcuse of Representatives to vote any money whioh may be required may perhaps, cause, future complications. --- Th Maood convention is. nronerlr made subject to the ratification of the Canadian Parliament, as weliaa of tho Imperial Gov ernment; but it may be supposed that Sir John Macdonald represents the feeling and opinions of bis fellow colonists. In this case also the Government of the United States ha3 succeeded in. its main contention. Ameri cans are henceforth to be allowed an equal right in the Canadian fisheries and the in habitants of the Dominion are on their side admitted to a share in the fisheries in tho- .Northeastern States. As the reciprocal privU leges are confessedly of unequal value, the American Uovernment is to pay to Canada a Bum to be determined by arbitration; and. it may be hoped that the Canadian Parhamenc will apply the amount in some form to ihe Denem on tne districts which are immediately interested in the fisheries. The dispute . which is - now to. be settled in favor of the Americans dates. from the close of the war of 1812- which had) ter minated the rights of fishing enjoyed before tbe Revolution and preserved by the txoaty of 1783. In the late negotiations the Americans have contended that their vested interest in the fisheries was not a mere matter of oontract. but rather a property analogous to .territorial ownership; but it seems clear that a covenant is merely a covenant. and and by the treaty of 1818,in!whicb the right of nt-iiing was conceded as part of an arrange ment for commercial intercourse, the claim of a prior right was virtually abandoned. As the Canadians have borne with the interfer ence of the American fisherzoen during the greater part of the interval slaoe the estab lishment of the republic, there is no reason to suppose that they will suffer any intolerable hardship. The main tenance of the exclusive right to the fisheries might posBibly have been useful as an equiva lent to be conceded for some future commer cial concession; but there can be no doubt that American legislotion is tending in the direction of free-trade, and that the former intercourse will be revived, not as an act of liberality, but for the obvious benefit of the i nited States. 'Ibe arrangements for set tling the San Juan dispute, whioh has been revived by tbe American Government, are not yet known. An open arbitration would be the most satisfactory method of securing. in one instance at least, the interest and honor of England. HARDWARE, ETC. CUMBERLAND NAILG S475 Per Keg. These Naila are knowa to be the beat in the market All if alls, no waste, and cost ao more than other brands. Each keg warranted to contain 100 pound! of Natli. Also, a large assortment or One Hinges, Locks, and Knobs. 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Inferos Payable Janitur and Jluljr. i The Bonds-are In $10308, 8500s, and SI 00s, i.ikioaaie REGISTERED free of expense. The road la doing a good business, with prospects of con siderable Increase. TblslBsne la made to procure additional rolling Btoci. Bonds. Pamphlets, end lnfoxnatloa can be ob tainodof DE HAVEN & DRO., No. 40 South THIRD Street. PHILADELPHIA. INVESTMENT BONDS PORTAGE LAKE AND LAKE SUPERIOR SHIP CANAL 10s. Secured by first mortgage on the canal (now corcsleted). and on rem estate worth na I tunes the amouat of the mortgage. KANSAS CITY, MISSOURI, 10a. vuuuinij Ainaoiva im;i uui Omaha), los, and other choice Western county a&l city bonds, yielding good rates of interest. ALLEN TOWN CITY (PA. EEVSN PER OENTL SCHOOL BONDS, fwe fron taxes under the uuve of the State, at par and Interest, For fall particulars apply to HOWARD DABLintiTO.1, j 18 Bra No. 14T South FOURTH Street. j COUPON OR REGISTERED LOAN j or TBI ; City of Williamsport, Pennsylvania, With both principal and Interest made absolutely secure by state and municipal leg'latlon, for sale at 85, AND ACCRURED INTEREST, BY P. 8. PETERSON & CO.. Bankers and Stock Brokers . No. 39 8. THIRD STREET, 1 "PHILADELPHIA. WHISKY, WINE. ETO. yiKKS, LIQUORS, ENGLISH AND SCOTCH ALES, ETC. The subscriber begs to call the attention of dealers, connoisseurs, and consumers generally to his splendid stock of foreign goods now on hand, of his own Importation, as well, also, to his extensive assortment of Domestic Wines, Ales, etc., among which may be enumerated : boo cases of Clarets, high and low grades, care fully selected from best foreign stocks. loo casks of Sherry Wine, extra quality 0 finest grade. 100 cases of Sherry Wine, extra quality of finest grade. 5 casks of Sherry Wine, best quality of medium grade. 6 barrels Scnppernong Wine of best quality. CO casks Catawba Wine " " 10 barrels ' medium grade. Tocether with a full supply of Brandies, Whiskies, Scotch and tngllsh Ales, Brown Stout, etc, etc., which he Is pre pured to furnish to the trade and con sumers generally la quantities that may be re quired, and on the most liberal terms. P. J. JORDAN. 6 6 tf No, 220 PEAK Street, Below Third and Walnut and above Dock street. CAR8TA I nS & r.lcCALL, 5o. 126 Walnut and 21 Granite Sti., IMPORTERS OF Brandies, Wlcei, Oln, Olive Oil, Etc., WHOLESALE DEALEUS IN PURE RYE WHISKIES, IN BOND AND TAX PAID. S3 t