2
TtlE DAILY EVENING TELEGRAPH PHILADELPHIA, MONDAY, APRIL 17, 1871.
ermiT of the ritsas.
EDITORIAL OPINIONS OF thb. leadings journals
UPON CtTBRXNT TOPICS COMPILED EVBttl
PAT rOB THE XVENINO) TELEQBAPH. -
"LA. COMMUNE.:
From the y. Y. ttationi
To understand rightly what ia passing In
l"aris at the present moment, and what the
insurgents mean by "the Commune," and
hy they want "the Commune," and what
Significance there is in this rising against the
Rational Government, we have to po baok to
1848. Prior to that year, the Sooialists were
only a comparatively email sect, and propa
gated their doctrines by means of seoret so
cieties. The revolution of 1830 was a politi
cal revolution purely, but it was probably the
last purely political revolution that Paris was
ever to see. The Government of Louis Phil
ippe was overthrown also by a kind of sur
prise on a political issue; but the minute the
ground was cleared, the Sooialists rushed in
to occupy it, and obtained a strong represen
tation in the Provisional Government, and
really bad made it subservient to their de
signs before the bourgeoisie had recovered
from their stnpefaotion. Indeed, we find in
its earliest aots the very ideas which the Com
munists of 1871 are flchting for. -
One of the decrees issued the day after its
'Instalment ordered the raising of a large
'popular national guard, to be paid a frano
and a half a day, and clothed by the Govern
snent; another, , the next day, ordered all
articles pledged in pawnshops to be restored
to the owners at the publio expense; another
made the Tuileries an "asylum for invalid
workingmea;" another formally guaranteed
employment to all citizens, and "restored to
the ouvriers to whom it belonged" the mil
, lion of florins just falling due on the Civil
. list. The issue of these proclamations
was forced on the Provisional Government by
the state of things in Paris.
, The streets were still full of barricades;
the ouvriers were armed, and, as now, refused
to abandon the barrioades and go home until
, they had been fully assured that the Govern
- xnent was not going t "betray" them. Even
the presence of Louis Blono and of Albert,
"the Ouvrier," as he called himself in the
Government, was not sufficient to reassure
them; so that the sane members of the Gov
ernment were. really obliged to let Louis
Blano and Albert have their way, in order to
gain time, and the programme of these latter
gentlemen was as yet only half revealed. To
them the Republic meant what Louis Blano
called "the organization of labor," that is, the
establishment of Government workshops for
all branches of industry, in which all persons
who chose could find employment, and would
receive equal rates of pay; the establishment
of Government banks, at which all citizens
oonld get their bills discounted; and, in fact,
the oemplete destruction of the present rela
tion of capitalist and laborer, this being in
Socialist parlance the "exploitation of man
by man. The Provisional Government was
actually compelled to reoognize the sound
ness of all these principles by publio procla
mation, but, to escape or postpone the con
sequences of its concessions, it appointed a
"Government Labor Commission," put Louis
Blano and Albert at the head of it, and sent
it over to the Luxembourg Palace to hold its
sittings; and to this flowed the enormous
processions of workmen, or "manifestations,"
. as the Trench called them, to whioh the la
boring class gave itself wholly np in those
. days, thus giving the other members at the
Hotel de Villa time to attend to tne more
serious and pressing affairs of the nation.
The disousBions at the Luxembourg Palace
probably surpassed in folly and absurdity
anything in whioh civilized human beings
ever engaged; and one would read the reports
of them now with amazement and even in-
credulity if the talk of the Communists at the
present day did not so closely resemble
, them.
But now was first revealed that dislike of
, the Paris population, and indeed of the re-
publican party, to allow the country distriots
' to have any control over the capital, whioh is
'. one of the most striking and important phe
nomena in French politics, and which has
' proved the proximate cause of the present
- disasters, and found such strong and unfor-
tunate expression in Gambetta's policy during
' the late war. The majority of the Provisional
" Government, were naturally very anxious to
summon a National Assembly as soon as pos
sible to relieve them of the responsibility
they had assumed after the revolution.
But the Socialists were fiercely opposed
to anything of the kind. They knew
that the majority of a legislature eleoted by
the country at large would put a speedy end
to their attempts to reorganize society, and it
- was with extreme difficulty that the eleotions
were at last ordered. They wanted the
"Commune" that is, the government not of
Paris only, but of the whole of Franoe, by a
body elected by a majority of the Paris
. voters; and they excused this desire to im-
. xi 111 ' 11 i : i .1 . i
Eose me Wm ox lue mmoruy on uin majority
y a metaphysical process, which is peouliar
to the 2 rench sobool of politicians, and with
out careful attention to which nobody can
thoroughly understand French politics. We
mean the process of abstraction, by whioh an
ideal, or collection of attributes, is made to
take the place and play the part of conorete
objects in political reasoning. We pointed
out how, in this way, "the people" and "the
repnblio" had ooine to be treated as some
thing quite different from, more exoellent
and strong and wise and fruitf ul than, the
actual population of France, or the system of
administration set up by it; just as woman is
in this country, in like manner, coming to be
used by certain agitators as the name of a
force of extraordinary power and virtue, rather
than a general term descriptive of persons of
the female sex, such as we all know them and
see them. So, also, "Paris" has assumed in
the eyes of Parisians, and particularly the
CommuniBta, the position of an ideal being of
superior might and wisdom, and entitled to
rule by virtue of this superior might and'
wisdom, and by no means a collection of
booses, inhabited by a large body of ordinary
men and women. This curious fanoy found
frequent expression during the late war in
the defiances hurled at the Germans. Yiotor
Hugo predicted, just as the siege was begin
ning, and doubtless expressed the sentiment
of hundreds of thousands, that the enemy
would, in some mysterious manner, be
blasted when he arrived before the walls.
Tarin," he said, "awaits you, the thunder
in her hand." All through the siege this
strange faith remained strong as ever among
the Socialists. The defests and the prolon
gation of the blockade were due to "treason."
So was the entrance of the Prussians. The
city could not be taken by fair means. "The
eye of Europe" somehow could not be bunged
Op by barbarian hands.
Now, here we have a complete justification
of the plan of having France ruled by "the
Commune. " Paris ought to govern the coun
try the 500,000 to govern the seven millions,
because she is "Faris." The coming together
of deputies from the provinoes to take charge
of the Government was, therefore, an outrage
and a folly. The notion was only beginning
to take possession of the popular mind in
1848; the events of the last twenty years have
helped to spread and strengthen it, and we
saw in Gambetta's persistence in carrying on
the war, in virtue of authority derived from a
Parisian mob, and refusing to take the sense
of the country at large, a striking illustration
of the strong hold it had taken even of the
minds of eduoated men of the radioal school.
When the Assembly met, in 1848, it found
the Government workshops in full activity,
and the whole working population of Paris
asserting "the right to labor." ; The Govern
ment had C00O men in its employ on the 15th
of March; by the end of the month, 30,000;
and by the end of April, 100,000, and the
cambers were increasing with frightfal ra
pidity. The private factories were all de
serted; swarms of lazy and idle men began to
pour in from the country distriots. Even
the co-operative associations stopped
their own work and went off to live at Gov
ernment expensepend large numbers of stu
dents, artists, and writers followed their ex
ample. All that anybody had 4o do to get
enrolled was to give his name and calling
and address. At first there was some
attempt made to find them something
to do. Parties were even detailed to
plant "trees of liberty;" but of course it
became impossible to find work, and all pre
tence of finding it was abandoned, and the
huge and motley host was aotually divided
into "squads" and "brigades," under leaders,
and marched np to draw its pay, over whioh
there were continual fights. When the As
sembly met, it found nearly two hundred
thousand men living in idleness on the publio,
tne treasury empty, business totally sus
pended, and society on the verge of dissolu
tion. It speedily stopped the lniiax into
Paris, abolished the Luxembourg Commis
sion, ordered the workingmen to prepare to
go to the country to work there, and directed
all idle men between seventeen and twenty
five to enter the army or go about their
business. The Beds at once rose in arms,
and fought the three bloody days of June.
The Assembly had taken the plaoe of "the
Commune," put an end to the great efforts to
abolish "hereditary poverty," and, in short,
bad "betrayed the Democratic Republic;"
and the Assembly, of course, represented the
ignorant, brutal, degraded provinces. The
Empire again, which overthrew the Assembly,
and reigned in its stead, was also the pro
duct of the provincial vote, and, in keeping
down Sooialism, was carrying out the will of
the peasants. '
Now, if we bear in mind that the Ideas
about property, and government, and
labor, and capital, which found expression in
the Socialist experiment in 1848 have
been gaining ground pretty steadily under
cover ox tne ignorance and Biienoe and re
pression whioh the empire created and main
tained, and that Bide by side with them has
been crowing the worship of the goddess.
"Paris," the centre of enlightenment, and
the fountain of progress, under the influence
of the continued increase of population and
luxury wrought by the Imperial regime,
we shall be able to understand the
frame of mind in whioh the vast
body of ouvriers, whom the downfall of
the empire had thrown out of employ
ment, and whom the loafing during the siege
with arms in their hands and high pay had
utterly demoralized, witnessed the appear
ance of another Conservative Assembly at
Versailles. To their leaders it meant the dis
appointment of the fierce hopes of years; and
to the men, a return to the old round of toil;
and to both, the subjection of Paris onoe
more to the degrading yoke of the "rurals,"
as they call the country people.
This term "rurals is, in the mouth of
city Frenchman of any class, an expression of
the bitterest contempt, and the mention of it
brings in one other phenomenon of French
politics which has had muoh to do with bring'
ing about the revolt against the Assembly,
The town population despises and dislikes the
country population, and will not be governed
by it if it can help it. This feeling is found
in all of the great towns, but, of course, is
stronger in Paris than elsewhere. Its origin
is partly historical. It was one of the marked
characteristics of the ancient regime, and at
that time found a show of justification in the
brutality and degradation of peasant life, and
would probably have to some extent survived
the transformation of the peasant's condition
effected by the Revolution, even if there had
been no very marked difference be
tween the two classes in our day. Bat
the difference in character between
the Frenchman of the city and
the Frenchman of the country is now one of
the most striking features of French sooiety.
and it is made all the more striking by the
fact that it shows itself very soon in the
ouvrier who has oome in from the farm after
having reaohed manhood, almost as markedly
as in the native Parisian. It would take more
space than we have at our disposal to describe
it fully, but it may be summed up by saying
that the peasant is cautious, timid, grave, un
enterprising, suspicious, frugal, !iaborious.
conservative, religious, full of reverence for
property and family, and all established in
stitntions; while his brother in the city ia
rash, gay, excitable, adventurous, pleasure
loving, extravagant, without faith in God or
confidence in man or woman, full of con
tempt for marriage, very licentious, a hater
of law and of property, and of all sorts
of restraint and discipline, and
having impatience of labor and passion
for equality as his most powerful springs of
action; gullible, fickle, capable of acts of the
loftiest generosity and of the vilest cruelty
within the same half-hour, and swept like the
chaff before the wind by every gust of feeling
that runs through the incoherent mass to
whieh he belongs. One of the Socialist mem
bers of the Constituent Assembly, in 1848,
weu aescnoed the mental and moral condi
tion of the town population when he said.
"The days of obedienoe are past: men feel
themselves to be on an equality, and desire
freedom. This is now the oondition of their
minds: they no longer believe, and they wish
to enjoy." This provoked from La Roohe-
jaoquelein, a Legitimist deputy, the biting
too.
CHURCH DOCTRINE AND HONESTY.
From the If. T. Tribune.
The Maroh term of the Nisi Priua Court ia
Philadelphia has been occupied by the case
ol ueorgeu. btuart vs. ine xteiormed Pres.
byterian Church, a case to whioh the atten
tion of the whole country has been drawn:
cot so much beoause of the value of the pro
perty involved as from the desire to see with
what integrity to its high Christian principles
a religious Dooy aeports ltseir when it eaters,
a greedy claimant, into a civil court. The
facts of the case are doubtless familiar to all
our leaders.
George II. Stuart largely contributed to
build and sustain the l irat Itefortned Fresby
terian Church in Philadelphia. A few years
ago the ueneral fcyuojor that church ex
eluded him from office and then from mem
bership, on account of his having sung "an-
inspired hymns ana communed with other
denominations of Christians.- The clergyman
ana a majority of the congregation sustained
Mr. Stuart, and consequently were also ex
cluded, in 18G8, from connection with the
general body. In loO'J the synod began to
cast covetous eyes on the church edifice and
valuable property attached thereto, and to
regret that they had left it in'tne hands of
the men who were its original owners. They
therefore entered suit for it in the name of
the small minority who had left the congre
gation in oonsequenoe of their faith that the
Supper of our Lord and the benefits of His
PaSbion which they enjoyed were designed
excluively for Reformed Presbyterians, and
that the God of the Universe could be ac
ceptably worshipped by no language, or
tongue, or people other than those able and
willing to. sing a certain rhyming version of
David s Psalms. Whether the stanohness of
their faith in these two points of doctrine en
titled them to rob Mr. Stuart and his friends
of the churoh they bad built was the issue
brought before a oivil court for settlement.
Judge Williams' charge, which was an exceed
ingly able one, bore heavily against the Want
of moral or even legal justice in the entire
action of the Ecclesiastical Court. The jury,
however, were discharged without agreeing,
and the property remains in the hands of Mr.
btuart and his friends.
The common sense of the country, how
ever, will find no such difficulty in arriving at
a verdict on the matter. Whether a man sees
fit to worship his Creator on his knees or
standing, by feasting or flagellation, by sing
ing hymns or m silence and oontrition of
bouI, his mouth in the dust, is at 'the most
one of the lesser matters of the law. But
there are rcauirements in whioh all mankind
recognize a divine origin; justice, truth, the
high honor, the infinite love to our brother
man which Christ taught. Whether the Synod
of the xteiormed Presbyterians choose to
sing hymns or psalms is a question which the
world treats with the indifference it deserves;
but when they rush before the publio to vio
late the plain principles of justice and every
day honesty for the sake of greedy acquis!
ticn, all good men must regret that they have
so far forgotten or failed to comprehend the
teachings of their Master.
CONTESTED WILLS THE JUMEL
ESTATE.
From the JT. F. Herald.
"There are names not born to die." There
are but few names, however, that have yet
come within the application of the words
quoted above. Singularly enough, it is not
in the lifetime of any one that suoh immor
tality of name is predicted or even dreamed
of. No one in the lifetime of the anoient
lady of Washington Heights Madame Jumel
or during her long years of isolation from
the active world around her, would have ever
supposed that, after Bhe had passed away to
the silent tomb, her name, so long forgotten,
would become as famous as that of Anneke
Jans, which has long passed into history.
That the name of Madame Jumel is .one of
those ' 'not born to die" is, in fact, becoming
more and more apparent at all events as far
as suits and actions, and prooeedingsin oourts
before judges, lawyers, and juries, testimony
of witnesses, oral and bene esse, and records
of pedigree can make it.
The accumulation of money during life
must certainly be one of those evils which
men do which live after them; for we see it
exemplified every day. The greater the
amount of the accumulation the greater the
evil and temptation the deceased bequeath to
those whom they leave behind. The courts
of this city and of the country at large are
(nil of suits and litigations instigated by dis
appointments, by envy and heartburnings
among the living, who clamor and wrangle
over the moneys and properties left by de
ceased persons. Like carrion birds, relations
never perhaps heard of, or whose consan
guinity with the deceased had been long
tacitly or mutually forgotten or ignored, and
who perhaps when known to each other lived
in enmity, assemble from all quarters of
the compass when they ascertain that
wealth and lands, the fruit of sucoesafu!
toil and industry, have been left behind,
Then commences the unnatural confliot
over the dead mans bones. From
that moment nothing in the life or anteoe
dents of the deceased is saored. Truly, in
deed, saith the poet, "The evil that men do
lives after them. Respeot alike for the dea
and livmg is cast aside like a garment. The
latter are content to take shame and disgrace
as part of the portion they thirst after. No
act of the deceased, in his youth, in his man
hood or in his old age, has the charity of
silence thrown around it, however calculated
such may be to bring a blush of shame to the
cheeks of the survivors. All is exposed with
a rancor and hate which envy In the coo J for
tune of a rival engenders in small minds, and
the Recording Angel himself would probably
find some act upon which he "had dropped a
tear and blotted it out forever" made as red
as Bcailet before an earthly tribunal.
It were needless here to enumerate even a
few of the many contested will cases that
have been lately tried, while others are com
ing up every day before the Courts, present
icg the spectacle not only of distant relatives,
but or mother ana daughter, brother and bis
ter, wife and children engaged ia nnnatura!
conflict over wills and testaments.
The great Madame Jumel will case, after
years of contest in the various Courts, is
again revived. At present there are two dis
tinct and separately contested claims against
the Jumel estate. One cause, opened on Fri
day last in the United States Cirouit Court.
before Judge Woodruff, is prosecuted by one
Champlain Bowen, a non-resident of the
State, who claims to be one of the grand
nephews of the late Madame Jumel. A like
case, pending in the Supreme Court, is prose
cuted by one George Washington Bowen, no
relative whatever of the other claimants of
the same came, who claims to be the illegiti
mate son oi juauauie iuoiei, ana who is now
seventy-seven years of ace.
The question involved as to the claimants
is one entirely of- pedigree, requiring a vast
amount of testimony to be submitted, but
which has been principally taken by commis
sion in dill erent parts oi tue country, as wel
as a great amount of random swearing to
make the genealogical tree complete. The
Madame Jumel will case must certainly rank
among the causes ceieorea or our civil oourts
PROFESSOR BEECHER.
From the JT. F. World.
The orthodoxy of Yale has lately been
brought into serious and repeated question.
It has not, to be sure, gone the loose lengths
r.f Harvard. The theoloev of Ilarimr.l ia r.a
triA nrriiriftrv eve indistinuuishabla tmm fhn
inculcations of the neighboring apostles of
"free religion." But Yale has hitherto made
at least a pretense or cleaving to the CUvin-
lam wliifth ftftvA her birth. Althnnnh Innna.
tions which have occurred in the scientific
school which modern niumuoenee has ad
joined to the suholastio foundation would
doubtless Lave made the grim divines to
whom that foundation was due to stare and
gasp, the department of divinity has thus far
been kept comparatively free from the loose
and liberal wsys of thinking which pervade
alike the college and the caucus of our epoib.
Under these circumstances we are grieve !
to record that Yale, moved thereto, as ap
pears, by the sordid prospect of endow
ments, has consented to call the Reverend
Henry ward Beecher to the inoumbenoy or a
theological lectureship. The students of that
department of learning will soon be at his
mercy.. The same eloquence whioh has
hitherto been employed in berating the
tricks of trade in Wall street and the sooial
Bins of Brooklyn will now be expended in
the exposition of Paley and the reconstruc
tion of Butler. The students who may sit at
the feet of Beecher in New Haven will soon
be reduoed to the same painful incertitude
which ailiicts the parishioners who crowd to
catch the dreppicgn of Mr. Beecher in
Brooklyn as to what the. real doctrines of
Mr. Beecher are. - One thing is clear. It is
not given to mortals to know what Mr.
Beecber believes.
But we are vouchsafed the knowledge of
what he disbelieves. One of the things of
which he persistently denies the existenoe is
a plaoe of eternal torment. What home is
without a mother that is a theology without a
hell. With Tophet 'daily held before their
shrinking eyes the undergraduates of Yale
have been known to wrench from their sockets
the gate-posts of peaceable citizens and to
seal the doors of obnoxious tutors. With an
official assurance of the non-existence of that
final restraint upon juvenile depravity it is
absolutely painful to imagine the exoesses
into which they will precipitate themselves.
The student of divinity is not commonly a
riotous nor even a convivial personage. Un
the contrary, he is a meek youth, who teaohes
innocuous arts in female seminaries during
vacation and addicts himself to a vegetable
diet during term time, lint with the preoept
and the example of a Beecher before his
eyes he will infallibly disoard the choker and
the pallor which have hitherto been the
main marks of his vooation, and beoome
young and lusty as an eagle. From the
ballast he will become the sail of the aoademlo
craft, and under the guise of piety lead his
carnal colleagues into desperate adventures
and strike into dumb horror the quiet burgh
ers of the town. Parents and guardians will
decline to send the hopes of their houses to
an institution where divinity is inculcated by
a divine who describes the respectable St,
Paul as a "blear-eyed Jew." The faoulty
which bas weakly consented to the introduc
tion into their body of a pedagogue so frisky
as Mr. Beecher will turn out to be, will carry
their gray hairs with sorrow either to the
grave or to remote rural parsonages where, in
interminable clauses, they may disouss the
sin of Esau in peace. Mr. Beecher will bo
left as a solitary professorial owl in the col
legiate desert to preach the duty of friskiness
and "the uses of mirth. " Young men of a
f porting turn will assiduously attend him and
put his precepts into praotice.
Ircn-jotnted, supple-sinewed, they shall dive and
the? shall ran.
Catch the wild goat by the hair and hurl their lauces
In the sun.
Whistle bark the parrot's call and leap the rainbow
of the brooks ;
Not with blinded eyesight poring over miserable
DOOK8.
With the advent of this fierce and warlike
race the peaceful population will gird their
loins and nee, until the price of real estate ia
New Haven becomes a remote tradition of the
past, and where the college green now stands
will be a vast silence, broken only by the cry
of the wild divinity student and the louder
wboop of the theological lecturer.
This is a dreadful picture to contemplate
But the only way to prevent its realization is
for the authorities of Yale to reconsider their
rash decision, and indignantly to refuse per
mission to Mr. Beecher to break in upon
their drowsy solitude with lectures on the
ology.
SPECIAL. NOTICES.
fiy NORTHERN LIBERTIES AND PENN
TOWNSHIP RAILROAD CO., Office No. 82T
p. rviiuti street.
Philadelphia. Anrll 11. 1871.
The Annual Meeting of the Stockholders or this
Company, and an Election for Officers to serve for
tne ensuing year, will be held at the Grace of the
Company, on MONDAY, the 1st day of May next, at
IIX o'clock a. M. ALBERT FOSTER,
41U7t Secretary.
ir-ff SCHUYLKILL AND SUSQUEHANNA RAIL-
OAD COMPANY, Office, No. S2T South
FOLRTH Street.
Philadelphia, April 10, 18T1.
The Annual Meeting of the Stockholders or this
Company and an Election for President and six
Maungerswtll take place at the Office of the Com
part j on MONDAY, the 1st day or May nest, at 13
o'clock M. ALBERT FOSTEti,
10 8w Secretary.
wy THE ANNUAL MEETING- OP TnB
stork holders of the BAKER SILVER MINING
COMPANY, of Colorado, will be held at the office
or th company on THURSDAY, April 80, 1871, at
12 o'clock, nooD, for the election of directors, and
for the transaction ol such other business as may
be deemed necessary. JOHN WIEST,
10 lot' Secretary.
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CNOWDON A RAU'S COAL DEPOT. CORNER
C5 D1LLWYN and WILLOW Streets. Lehigh and
tchuylkUI COAL, prepared expreaalj for l&iully ua
at UielowMlctutU prices. 113
HIPPINO.
NATIONAL' Ek
STEAMSHIP COMPANY.
STEAM DIRECT TO AND FROM NEW YORK.
Tne masntficeat Ocean 8temhtDs or this Una.
sailing regularly every SATURDAY, are among the
UrireBt In the world, and famous for the degree of
alety, eomtort. and spwd attained.
TB and f 6B. First class Excursion Tickets, good for
twelve nionths, 1180. Early application roust be
made In order to secure a choice of mate-rooms.
STKEBAGE RATES, CTRKKNOY,
Outward, $ss. Prepaid, 838. Tickets to and from
Lonannoerry ann uiasgow at the same low rates.
Persons visiting the old conntry, or sending lor their
frleuda should remember that these steerage rates
are 12 cheaper than several other lines.
Hank drafts issued for any anioont,ai lowest rates,
payable on demand In all parts or England, Ireland,
Scotland, Wales, and the Continent of Europe.
A 1 i VsVAVVvna-t a v-. . "
appiy w wAiinK e vv.i Agent,
Ao. 804 WALNUT (., just above Second.
: FOR I.TVTERPOOT. ATJTl rTTRMETa
LUrt&roWN The Inman Line of Royal Mai.
Steamers are appointed to sail as rollows :
(Jlty or Brussels, Saturday. April 82. at 8 PM.
City of Londnu, Saturday. prll 89. at 1 P. it,
C1U ol Dublin, via Halifax. Tnesdav. Mat O. atl
P.M.
City of Antwerp. Wednesday, May 8. at 8 P. K.
and each succeeding Saturday and. alternate Tues
day, from pier No. b North river.
A'l JUS tK rANHAUJt .
By Mall Steamer Sailing every Saturday.
Parable in cold. Payable In ourreucT.
First Cabin 1TB, Steerage 130
W WUUBU, .. ... Ol'l i U AjMUMUU. . . . . . . . . . CO
To Halifax Bo! To Halifax is
Passengers also forwarded to Antwerp. Rotter
dam, Sweden, Norway, Denmark, eta, at reduoed
rais.
Tickets can be bought here at moderate rates bi
persons wishing to send for their friends.
For farther information apply at the company's
Office,
JOHN o. DALE. Agent, No. 15 Broadway, N. Y. I
Or to OTONN ELL & FAULK, Agents,
No. 408 CHESNUT Street. Phllaaelphla,
THE REGULAR STEAMSHIPS ON THE PHI
LADELPHIA AND CHARLESTON STEAM.
SHIP LINE are ALONE authorised to Issue througt
ouls of lading to Interior points South aad West li
connection with South Carolina Railroad Corrjpaay,
ALB Mh.il Im T LHK,
Vice-President So. O. RR. CO.
TTTTT k TiJPT TTTT A k wn CATTinrmnM
ILUMAIL STEAMSHIP COMPANY'S RE-
UULAR SEMI-MONTHLY LINE TO NEW OR
LEANS, La.
The YAZOO wui sail rorisew Orleans, via Havana.
on Tuesday. April 18, at 8 A. M.
The j UNi ata win sau irom New Orleans, via
Havana, on Friday, April 81.
TUKOLun lills uiT laluinu at as low rates
as bv anv other route irlven to MOBILE. GALVKS.
Tllli lKIHiTCnT KlirifPHMT I A V if 111. onH
J. A . . . a . . . ' a. wu. v.. , J . . Jl V 4 . , DUM
BRAZOS, and V) all points on the Mississippi river
between New Orleans and St. Louis. Red river
freights reshtpped at New Orleans without charge
OI COUlUllBttLUUB.
WEEKLY LINE TO SAVANNAH. GA.
The TONAWANLA will sail for Savannah, on
DDKU1 Uaj XI 'J 11 t Bli V A 1V1.
4 A on n a A M
xne w iumimu wui Bail from savannah on Sat
urday. April 82.
TtiKOLUH uiLLa or ladiinu given to all the
principal towns In Georala. Alabama. Florida. Mia-
slBslppl, Louisiana. Arkansas, and Tennessee in con
nection with the Central Railroad of Ueorirta. At-
vastic ana uuir nanroaa, ana f ionaa steamers, at
.asiow rates as oy competing unes.
SEMI-MONTHLY LINE TO WILMINGTON. N. C.
The PIONEER will sail for Wilmlnaton on
Monlay, April 84, at 6 A. M. Returning, will leave
wuuuBgtou l uesaay, iviaj x. .
Connects with the Cape Fear River Steamboat
Company, the Wilmington and Weldon and North
Carolina Kaiiroaas, and tne Wilmington and Man
Chester Railroad to all Interior points.
Freights for Columbia. S. C. and Anensta. Ga.
taken via Wilmington at as low rates as by any
otter route.
Insurance effected when requested by shippers.
Bills or lading signed at Ojieen street wharf oa or
oeiore aav or sauing.
WLUJAM L. JAMES, General Agent,
No. 130 S. THIRD Street.
CLYDE'S STEAM LINES.
Office, No. 18 South WHARVES.
BiKAM Sill r L1K,, TUtt'lUUU K KHIU1TT AIR
LINE TO THE SOUTH AND WEsT.
Steamers leave every WEDNS3DAY and 8ATU(t-
da i "at noon," from itlkst wharf above MAR
KET Street.
No buls of lading signed after 18 o'clock on sailing
day.
THROUGa RATES to all points In North nrt
South Carolina, via Seaboard Air-line Railroad, nou-
ueuMug hi ruuDiiiuuiu,oiiu nnjyueuuur, a., Tea
r.essee, ana ine wesi via Virginia and Tennessee
A1v linn an1 1? 1 h m rM A olH TloniHIlA Uallu.i-
Freights HANDLED BUT ONCE and taken at
IV w jk kai lo man dj any omer line.
No charge for commissions, drayage. or anv er
tense of transfer. Steamships Insure at Uwest
raies.
FREIGHTS RECEIVED DAILY.
State-room accommodations for nassemrara.
WM. P. PORTER, Agent, Richmond and Cltv
Point, T. P. CROWELL & CO., Agems, Norfolk.
(V PHILADELPHIA AND CHARLESTON.
H PHI LADELPHI A and CHARLESTON
STEAMSHIP LINE.
THURSDAY LINE FOR CHARLESTON.
The firBt-class steamship VIRGINIA, Captain
Hunter, will sail on Thursday, April so, at ia
o'clock, noon, from Pier 8, Norta Wharves, above
Arch street.
Through bills of lading to all principal points In
South Carolina, Georgia, Florida, etc., etc.
Rates of freight as low as by auy other route.
For freight or parage apply on the Pier, as above.
WM. A. COURTNEY, Agent In Charleston.
Vin F0R NEW Y0RK DAILY VIA
JfciSaiDELAWA RE AND RARITAN CANAL.
EXPRESS STEAMBOAT COMPANJ.
The CHEAPEST and QUICKEST water commu
nication between Philadelphia aud New York.
Steamers leave DAILY from first wharf below
MARKET Street, Philadelphia, and foot of WALL
bueet. New Y'ork.
THROUGH IN TWENTY-FOUR HOURS.
Gcods forwarded by all the lines running out of
New York, North, East, and West, free of commis
sion. Frtlght received dally and forwarded on accom
moubtlng terms.
JAMES nAND. Agent,
No. 119 WALL Street, New York.
.jtfClo NEW EXPRESS LINE to ALEX
SiSSCANDRIA, GEORGETOWN, AND
WAbUlNUTON, D.O., Chesapeake and Delaware
Canal, connecting witii Orange and Alexandria
Railroad.
Steamers leave regularly everv SATURDAY at
noon, from First Wharf above MARKET Street.
Freights received dally.
HYDE TYXER, Agents, Georgetown, D. C.
M. ELD1UDUE A CO Agents, Alexandria, Va.
,fT K DELAWARE AND CHESAPEAKE
L. . V VnTT1" f-nw.HOAT COMPANY.
towed between Philadelphia, Baltimore.
Havre-de-Grace, Delaware City, and Intermediate
P1 CAPTAIN JOHN LAUGnLIN, Superintendent
OFFICE, No. 18 South WHARVES.
PHILADELPHIA.
WILLIAM pTcLYDE A CO.,
AGENTS
For all the above lines,
No. 18 SOUTH WHARVE8, Philadelphia,
where further Information may be obtained.
jr-f LORLLLARD STEAMSHIP OOMPAAY
roil NEW TOUU,
8 AILING TUESDAYS, THURSDAYS, AND SAT.
URDAYS AT NOON.
INSURANCE ONEIGHTH OF ONE PER CENT.
No bill of lading or receipt signed for less thae
fifty cents, and no insurance effected for less than
one dollar premium.
For further particulars and rates apply at Com
pany"! office, Pier 83 East river, New Y ork, or to
JOHN F. OHL,
PIER 18 NORTH WHARVES.
N. jx .Extra rates on small packages iron, metals'
eta
mmjtTrmmK FOR NEW Y ORK, VIA DELAWARE
T-'ll'.ilgand Rarltan Canal.
b W 1 r 1 S L RE TRANSPORTATION COM PAN Y.
DErtPATCU AND SW1FTSURE LINES.
The steam propellers of this company leave dally
at 11 M. and 6 P. M
Through in twenty-four hours.
Gouds forwarded to any point free of commission.
Freights taken.on accomuioaating terms.
Apply to
WHLIAM M. BAIRD A CO., Agents,
No. Hi Soutn DELAWARE Avoaae.
OITY ORDINANCES.
RESOLUTION
. To A nth or! r.e tha Pavlnir of OrUnai &nd
Otber Streets.
Refolved, Hr the Pelect aad Common Usnn-
cllsof the City of Philadelphia, That the De-
fiartment oi Highways be and Is Hereby author
ted and directed to enter Into a contract with a
competent raver or pavers, who shall be selected
by a majority of the owners of property front
ing on Orianna street, from Dauphin street to
Huntingdon street, no cost for Intersections;
Bodlne street, from Diamond street to Duphla
street, cost of intersection not to exceed fifty
one dollars; "B" street, from Twenty-second
street to Twenty-third street, cost of Intersec
tion not to exceed elxty-sevon dollars and fifty
cents; Albert street, from Emerald street to Jas
per street, no cost for intersection; Tulip street,
from Montgomery avenue to Vienna street, no
eot lor intersections; Twenty-first street, from
Columbia avenue to Susquehanna avenne, cost
of Intersections not to exceed three thousand,
three hundred and sixty-six dollars; Adams
street, from Gaul street to Almond street, In the
Nineteenth ward, no costs for intersections, for
the paving thereof, the conditions ot which
contract shall be that the contractor or
contractors shall collect the cost of said
paving from the property-owners respectively,
and snail also enter into an obligation with the
city to keep said streets In good order for three
jears alter tne paving is nnished.
11EMKI 1IUUN,
President of Common Council.
Attest
Abxaham Stiwast,
Assistant Clerk of Common Council.
SAMUEL W. CATTELL,
President of Select Council.
Approved this fifteenth rWv of Artril. Anna
Domini one thousand eight hundred and
seventy-oce (A. D. 1871).
DANIEL M. FOX,
4 17 It Mayor of Philadelphia. ;
RESOLUTION
Relative to Repaying Water Street anl
Delaware Avenue.
Whereas, The Chief Commissioner of High
ways does not consider himself authorized to
allow the Directors of City Trusts to repave
certain streets In accordance with the will of
Stephen Girard; and
Whereas, The Board of Directors of City
Trusts have declared their willingness to repair
or pave, with an improved pavement, Water
street and Delaware avenue, between Vine and
8outh streets, and to repair the paving of the
intervening alleys, as far as funds will allow;
therefore
Resolved, By the Select and Common Coun
cils of the City of Philadelphia, That leave be
granted the BoArd of Directors of City Trusts to
repair or repave Water street and Delaware
avenue, between Vine and South streets, with
an improved pavement, and to repair the paving
In the intervening alleys: Provided, the work be
done In accordance with city line, and at no
expense to the city of Philadelphia.
HENRY HTJHN,
President of Common Council. '
Attest
John Eckstbin,
Clerk of Common Council.
SAMUEL W. CATTELL,
President of Select Council.
Approved this fifteenth day of April, Anno
Domini one thousand eight hundred and seventy
one (A. D. 1871).
DANIEL M. FOX,
4 17 It Mayor of Philadelphia.
RESOLUTION
of Instruction to the City Solicitor. "
Whereas, The Thirteenth and Fifteenth.
8trets Passenger Railroad Company are now
laying a double track on Broad street, south of
Washington avenue;
And whereas, The citizens of that seel Ion of
the city have made complaint of the action on
the part of the said railroad company; now
therefore
Resolved, By the Select and Common Councils
of the City of Philadelphia. That the City
Solicitor is hereby authorized and directed to
institute legal proceedings against the said
Thirteenth and Fifteenth Streets Passenger
Railroad Company's officers, to prevent them
from laying the railroad tracks on Broad street,
without delay,
nENRY HUHN.
President of Common Council.
Attest
John Eckstein,
Clerk of Common Council.
SAMUEL W. CATTELL,
President of Select Council.
Approved this fifteenth day of April,
Anno Domini one thousand eight hundred
and seventy-one (A. D. 1871).
DANIEL M. FOX,
4 17 It Mayor of Philadelphia.
TE8LUTION
L Of Request to the Mayor and City Soli
citor. Resolved, By the Select and Common Coun
cils of the city of Philadelphia, That the Mayor
of the citv of Philadelphia and the City Solicitor
each, In the discharge of the duties of their
respective offices, be and they are hereby re
quested and authorized, by all lawful means, to
prevent the laying of railway tracks upon any
part of Broad street. -
nENRY HUHN,
President of Common Council.
Attest
Benjamin H. Haines,
Clerk of Select Council.
SAMUEL W. CATTELL,
President of Select Council.
Approved this fifteenth day of April, Anuo
Domini one thousand eight hundred and seventy
one (A. D. 1871).
DANIEL M. FOX,
417 It Mayor of Philadelphia.
EDUCATIONAL..
JJARVARD UNIVERSITY,
CAMBRIDGE, MASS.,
Comprises the following Departments:
Harvard College, the University Lectures, Divinity
School, Law School, Helical School, Dental School,
Lawrence Scientific School. School of Mining and
Practical Geology, Bassey Institution (a School of
Agriculture and Horticulture), Botanlo Garden, As
tronomlcal Observatory, Museum of Comparative
Zoology, Peabody Museum of Archaeology, Episcopal
Theological School.
The next academlo year begins oa September 23,
JSTl.
The first examination for admission to Harvard
College will begin June 89, at 8 A. M. The second
examination for admission to Harvard College, and
the examinations for admission to the Scientific
and Mining Schools, wui begin September 83. The
requisites for admission to the College have been
changed this year. There la now a mathematical
a'ternative for a portion of the classics. A circular
describing the new requisites and recent examina
tion papers will be mailed on application.
I N1VERS1TY LECTURES. Thirty-three courses
In 1S70-TL of which twenty begin in the week Feb
ruary 12-19. These lectures are Intended for gradu
ates of colleges, teachers, and other competent
adults (men or women). A circular describing them
will be mailed on application.
THE LAW SCHOOL has been reorganized this
year. It has seven Instructors, and a library of
l,coo volumes. A circular explains the new coarse
of study, the requisites for the degree, and the cost
of attending the school. The second half of the
year begins February 13.
For catalogues, circulars, or Information, ad
Areas J. W. HARRIS,
Stem Secretary.
JDOKHILL 8 C HO O L
MERCHANTVILLB, N. J.,
Four Miles from Philadelphia.
The session commenced MONDAY, April 10,
isn.
For circulars apply to
Kef. T. W. CATTELL.