TUB DAILY EVEM1NG TELEGRAPH PHILADELPHIA, TUESDAY, SEPTEMBER 20, 1870.
FRANCE.
THE CONSTITUENT ASSEMBLIES.
FrtTltvi
CnToctl Requirement
and
tieauua.
The conTocation of the representatives o"
A nation ia usually an occasion of supreme
importance; but in France it marks an era in
bistcry, because its object is to construct a
new constitution. The order for an election
for a Constituent Assembly is among the first
acts of the present Provisional Government
of Trance. As soon as it meets, the Provi
sional Government will probably as in 1818
resign its powers into the hands of the As
sembly, who will proceed to provide both a
government and a constitution. Hence the
circumstances under which the two preceding
Constituent Assemblies were convoked and
the works they effected are of extreme in
terest in their relation to the present occa
sion. While it is the belief and hope of the
beBt friends of France that the oouiing As
sembly will give her a republican form of
government, it will yet be within the powers
conferred upon the Assembly by the people
to make their country once more a monarchy
or even an empire.
France, in I78.ri-C, was seething with dis
content. The fires of the first revolution
were smouldering beneath the mass. Louis
XV bad left the legacy of quarrels with par
liaments to his successor, with the caution,
"Let my grandson take care of them, for it is
mere than probable they will endanger the
crown;" and the Abbo Perigord, afterward
to become illustrious as the prince of diplo
matists, Talleyrand, had just remarked that
the "miserable affair of the diamond
necklace may overturn the throne."
The extreme deficiencies in the finances
of the State had compelled the convening
of the Assembly of Notables for the purpose
of levying increased taxation. In dismissing
that assemblage, which had come together
from all parts of the kingdom, the Arch
bishop of Toulouse made the Btartling an
nouncement of the coming change that the
Tiers-Etat, i. e., the people, as a matter of
justice, should be represented by another
assembly of a number of votes equal to that
of the clergy and nobles taken together.
Marshal Segur said to the King that the
assembling of the Notables might be the seed
of the States-General; if so, it was of
rapid growth, Jor the pressure of
both nobles and clergy compelled, in
August, 1788, the order for the convocation
of the national estates or States-General for
the 1st of May, 17K'J. Each of the three
estates, nobles, clergy, and people, expected
to control this assemblage, which was elec
tive, and, so far as the Tiers-Etat was con
cerned, resulted in the selection of repre
sentatives of the poptuar will. Neckar, the
Prime Minister, procured the authorization
by the King's Council of the measure which
doubled the number of the deputies repre
senting the Tiers Etat. ' The assemblage of
the representatives of the three-Estates thus
collected on the 5th of May, 1780, was com
posed of 1128 persons, and was called also
the Constituent Assembly.
It consisted of '2d'.) representatives of the
clergy, 270 of the nobles, and "i(i." of the Tiers
Etat, thus quite realizing the proportion of
xrambersato the latter named by the Arch
bishop of Toulouse. Of the representatives
of the clergy, more than two-thirds were
cures; C2 out of 108 mayors and magistrates
in the Assembly were elected by the people,
and from the latter there came also 270 law
yers. It will be perceived that the preponde
rance of intellectual activity, as well as of
cumbers, might naturally be expected on the
side of the Tiers-Etat. One of the earliest
measures taken by the representatives of the
!)eople was an attempt to draw a dividing
iue; on the 17th of June, 1780, they
took to themselves separately the title
of the National Assembly, and
Neckar prepared a plan for a constitution, in
which the distinction was farther iadicated by
providing for their meetings in a different
chamber from the nobles and clergy. But
five days afterwards 148 of the clergy left the
rest and joined themselves to the National
Assembly. An endeavor to disperse the States
General on the part of the King was resisted
by the National Assembly; immediately 4
nobles, among whom was the Duke of Or
leans, followed in the footsteps of the clergy,
and went over to the resisting body, and at
last the King ordered the remainder of the
nobles and clergy to join the opposition, and
the National Assembly embraced all the mem
bers of the States-General.
There were, however, two other important
classes who already endeavored to contest the
Government with the Crown and the National
Assembly the army of France and the popu
lace of Paris. Treachery among the troops
has ever been coincident with disasters to the
French monarchy. The National Assembly,
if it did clearly perceive the distinction be
tween the voice of the people and the vio
lence of the mob, was powerless to quell the
Parisian insurgents, who, in the successful
storming of the Bastile, on the 1 4 th of July,
1789, learned alike the power of the popu
lace and the weakness of the crown. Bat
with these insurrectionary movements,
which afterwards extended to other
cities, and with the formation of the
National Guard, which dates from that day,
Ibegan the growth of that military spirit and
training which eventually made France a
nation of soldiers. On the 8th of October
following the mob seized the person of the
King and conducted him, virtually ' their
prisoner, from Versailles to Paris, where he
was permanently detained in obedience to the
popular behest. On the 20th June, 1701, the
King attempted an escape, but was arrested
at Varennes and reconducted to Paris by three
commissioners from the National Assembly.
That body the next day passed a decree sus
pending temporarily his kingly functions. It
would nave been far better for France to
have permitted his esoape. These acts were
unquestionably among the gravest political
errors of the Assembly, and can only be re
garded as weak concessions to the violent ex
pressions of popular sentiment.
The great work accomplished by the Con
stituent Assembly was the overthrow of the
feudal forms of government and the recogni
tion of the rights of man. Its enactments
provided for extended suffrage; for roforms
' in the systems of law and administration of
justice, including the introduction of trial by
. jury; they secured liberty of religious wor
, whip, and confiscated church property; they
placed taxation on a broader basis, and
secured a better foundation for the finances
of the country; they changed the law of in
heritance, and provided for the distribution
' f landed property to the untitled clauses.
The Assembly prepared . a Constitution for
France, which was intended to secure to that
.' country the advantages of a limited monarchy.
On the 14th of September, 1701, the King,
having been restored by the Assembly to the ex
ercise of his functions and to his personal free
t dom, declared in public his acceptance of the
Constitution amid great popular enthusiasm.
-Jt-work accomplished, on the I20fch--of the
time month the Assembly declared its sit
ting closed. With a view to a more exact
representation of the people, the Assembly
sacrificed itself by making its members in
eligible as candidates to the next Assembly.
With the close of the Constituent Assembly
it therefore resulted that those representa
tives who had learned much of the govern
ing art in the stormy twenty-nine months of
its existence no longer permitted themselves
to exercise their knowledge for the benefit of
their country. They were succeeded by the
Legislative Assembly, which opened its sit
tings within two days after the Constituent
Assembly was closed. But the new legisla
tors were a very different class of men from
their Dredecessors: a monarchy, however
limited, no longer met the requirements of
the nation, and the Constitution of 1701 was
soon superseded.
A brief review of the legislative bearing
of the revolution of 18:50, the abdication of
Charles X, and the accession of Louis Philippe,
will throw light upon the circumstances of
the convocation of the second Constituent
Assembly. Charles X yielded to the force of
a revolution incited by his own refusal to
comply with the constraints of a limited
monarchy. Though perhaps authorized by
the letter of the constitution under which the
monarchy was re-established in 1814, he yet
opposed its spirit, and made a great political
blunder by refusing, even after effecting a
dissolution and re-election of the Cham
ber of Deputies, to select his Ministry
from among their number. lie and his ad
visers were unpopular with his subjects,
being suspected of yielding to the influence
of the Jesuits. When the crisis came, he
badly managed the means at his command,
and the defection of the troops of the line,
upon whom he depended, enabled the Liberal
Earty to accomplish his overthrow. After
is abdication, three parties presented them
selves for popular favor. But the horrors of
the first revolution were still remembered
against the llepublicans; the disasters which
had so recently followed the ruin of the em
pire were a drawback to the Napoleonists,
who otherwise would have pressed the claims
of Napoleon II, then aa officer in the
Austrian service. The leading politi
cians, especially those in the Cham
ber of Deputies, leaned for want of an
alternative toward the position of the
Orleanista. The Duke of Orleans was
dressed as a bourgeois and prepared for
flight, having sent to Charles X a letter of as
surance that he would not take his place on
the vacant throne, when a deputation forced
their way into his apartments and insisted
upon his acceptance of the crown. liQit'U
acccpte" was announced thus briefly by the
chief of the deputation to Talleyrand. He
became "King of the French" in August, 18:50,
being first called Philippe VII, and after
ward Louis Philippe.
The liberals considered that as they had
effected the revolution which placed him on
the throne, they had a special hold upon
Louis Philippe. His entire reign was marked
by a series of political attacks upon the Gov
ernment, usually with an outcry for reform
as the entering wedge. In the Chambers
from 1831 to 1830 there were but few peti
tions for electoral reform, but parliamentary
reform was brought forward eleven times for
discussion; the intent being to reduce the
number of deputies. In the great public de
bate between Arago and Thiers, May 1!,
1840, in which the former advocated univer
sal suffrage, a great impulse was given to
questions of popular sovereignty; and from
1840 to 1847 both electoral and parliamentary
reform were perpetually under discussion.
The accidental death, July 13, 1812, of the
son of Louis Philippe, the Duke of Orleans,
a young man of great promise and of perso
nal popularity, weakened the hold of the King
upon the heart of the nation. After that,
every weakness, every timidity, exhibited by
Louis Philippe was accounted against him as
a crime. A strong opposition to his govern
ment was organized. The republican opposi
tion desired universal suffrage; the monarchi
cal oppposition attacked his general policy.
These joined hands in 1847 to call in popular
excitement to their aid. The Chateau Rouge
banquet took place July 0, 1847, and was
given by the combined opposition. Ban
quets of this character were repeated
throughout the cities of tbe kingdom,
and the agitation of questions of re
form penetrated the remotest districts. This
was the "Camptiigne des Banquets." On
the 11th of February, 1848, the Cabinet de
liberately Bpurned both questions of reform,
and on the 13th denied the right of political
meeting without governmental authority. To
test this assumption, a grand banquet was
arranged and proclaimed by the opposition
for the 22d February. It was suppressed by the
authorities, and at the lost moment the opposi
tion announced that it would not take place.
But Paris was aroused. The people suspected,
says Lamartine, that Louis Philippe was a be
liever in the divine right of kings. He was
unpopular because he was a king. On the
23d February there were barrioades in the
Faubourg St. Antoine and crowds crying
"Vive la Reforme!" In the evening the
crowds had a leader, Lagrange by name, who
brought them into the neighborhood of the
Cafe Tortoni. A battalion ot the line, drawn
up in front of the Hotel of Foreign Affairs,
fired into this mob that was carrying torches
and a red flag, and sixteen corpses of citi
zens were stretched upon the sidewalk. The
next day the barricades surrounded the Palace
and approaches of the Taileries. Louis Phi
lippe had just time to escape from a rear
door, after arranging the form of an abdica
tion, when a column of the people broke
through the Guards, filled the apartments, and
swept away every trace of royalty.
The republio was proclaimed very muoh in
the same style as daring the present year, at
the Hotel de Ville, a provisional government
beig constituted by Lamartine, who subse
quently became Minister of Foreign Affairs;
Dupont de l'Eure, whose age and dignity
made him a fitting presiding officer; Arago,
to whom were committed Naval Affairs; Cre
mieux, ultimately Minister of Justice: all the
foregoing being carried to the scene of their
triumph almost on the shoulders of the crowd.
; Le?fu-llollin, Marie, who received the port
folio ox rubuo works, and uarnier-Pages,
obtained entrance and were added to the
number. General Subervie was made Minis
ter of War, Carnot of Publics Instruction, and
Goudchaux (a banker) of Finance; but
the last-named individual became fright
ened at the gathering storms a few days
afterward, and Garnier-Pages, who at first
was made Mayor of Paris, took his place. It
will be perceived that the Liberals, who
brought about the revolution which plaoed
Louis Philippe on the throne, were them
selves disappointed at his failure to meet the
views of the people, and chagrined at the
position in which they were plaoed as his
supporters. Hence his fall. The "citizen
monarch" experienced also, as bad the two
previous Kings of Franco, the defection of
the troops, as well as the dislike of tbe peo
ple. He and the Queen embarked at Hon.
fleurfor Havre on the 2d of March, 1818,
under the names of "Mr. and Mrs. Smith,"
and thus entitled sailed again from, Havre to.
England.
The Provision?! Government were embar
rassed by financial difficulties growing out ot
general distrust of the new order of things,
and the distress among the working people of
France. An attempt to increase the direct
taxes excited universal indignation. To calm
the storm, a decreo was passed, convoking
the Constituent Assembly. The number of
its membersjjwas fixed at 000, the Convention
of 1703 being taken as the model. The con
vocation was ordered for and took place on
the 4th of May, 1848, being the 50th anni
versary of that of the States-General of 1700.
M. Buchez was the first President. On the
irth of May the sitting of the Constituent
Assembly was invaded by an insurgent force
of citizens, who took possession of the hall,
and the assembly retired. The insurrec
tionists attempted to form a new provisional
government, but were put down by force of
arms, 3000 insurgents surrendering without
bloodshed. A more formidable insurrection,
in which the starving workingmen whom the
Provisional Government had been unable to
supply with work and pay, and who had suf
fered still more after that Government re
signed upon the formation of the Assembly,
had by the 24 th of June filled Paris with bar
ricades, andjthe Assembly appointed Cavaig
nac Dictator. It is believed that upward of
20,000 persons were killed in the soenes of
conflict and carnage which ensued during
two or three days following.
By November 4, 1848, the important work
of the Constituent Assembly was concluded,
and the new Constitution, which organized
the Government of France as a'.Republic, was
adopted and proclaimed. The value of this
work was impaired by a single great defect; it
gave too much power to the President of the
Republic, and it permitted his continuous re
election. This was the more inexcusable, be
cause already Louis Napoleon, whose ambi
tion for empire was more than suspected,
was the prominent candidate, aud it was
well-known that Cavaignao, his principal
competitor, stood no chance of election. On
the 10th of December, 1848, eighteen days
before the announcement f the election of
Napoleon, the Constituent Assembly was dis
solved. N. Y. Tribune.
HANGING MORROKS.
Execution or Four Nexroea In Virginia II or r I
ble Hcenea at the acallold A Jlrutal llaog
man As already announced by telegraph, Moses Newby,
Peter Newby, Jacob Wallace, and Henry CosteD,
negroes, were hung at Isle or WlgUt Court House,
Virginia, last Friday, for the murder of Mr. Joseph
Gray, of that county, on tliellth of December last.
The condemned men had been placed In the Nor
folk jail for safe keeping, and were sent np to the
Court House, under a guard of urteen men, on Fri-
aav morning.
We take from the Norfolk Virginian the following
particulars of the horrid scene:
The feet of the condemned having been pinioned
npon first taking their stand upon the scaffold, as
each one ceased tospeak the black cap was drawn
over Mis head, and when all had UnlsUud the scaitold
was cleared of all but the condemned, and atexngtly
1 o'clock, at a signal from Deputy Sheriff Eley, tne
prop was jci kea v iolently away ana
THE PROP FEU
Then ensued a scene the recital of which we
would willingly spare our readers, and a repetition
of which we earnestly hope It may never be our lot
to witness, as tne Domes ieu in tne arop tne two
end men, reter Newov ana jacoo waiiace, Dotu
large, athletic men, snapped the rope like pack
thread, and fell heavily to the earth, apparently In
sensible. The other two remanned suspended, but
one was hanging by only one strand of the rope, the
other two having been broken In the fall. Moses
Newby died instantly, his neck being broken, but
Henry Costen lived for nearly ten minutes, gasping
ior Dream ana nis niuos working convul
sively. The two men on the around
lay Still for a few minutes, when Jacob W alines rose
to a sitting posture, and broke into prayers and
supplications, jreter iNewoy lay awuue longer.
when he also sat up, bnt kept silent, except groans
extorteu dv pain, xneir iees were men untiea.
when both stood up, Newby leaning heavily against
the steps of the gallows, while Wallace walked back
and forth praying intently. New ropes were pro
cured and adjusted to the beam ; the two men hang
ing prevented tne urop oemg raiseu. At tne expira
tlon of seventeen minutes tne physicians In attend
ance, lira, joraan ana unapman, examined tne
bodies and pronounced tnem Dotn aeau, wnen
ANOTHER HORROR
was enacted, which made strong men shudder and
tnrn pale. Inbtead of lowering the bodies as is
always customary, the ropes were cut, allowing the
ghastly corpses to fall with a horrible thud at the
very leet oi tne two nan nanged men standing be
low. Not content with this, the
BRUTAL MONSTER
who officiated as hangman, an occupation which he
dishonored, and who rejoices in the name of John
hold of the rope attached to the neck of one of the
dead men, drew the body by it across the yard, and
tummea it into tne comn, as u it nau oeen a aeau
aog. lie repeated tne operation on tne next one,
anu seemed to tninic mat oy nis msgueting oru
tality he had done some meritorious action.
THE SECOND HANGING.
During the whole of the time this dtsgust'ng scene
was transpiring, Wallace and Peter Newby, although
suilerlDg horribly from the effects of the rope around
tneir necks, in tneir iaii, uetrayea no emotion save
that Wallace used the time in praying loud and fast,
Newby looking on apparently aa unconcerned as tf
ce was not an actor in tne ureauiui a rain a.
TUB NEW ROTHS,
which were of stout ootton cord, having been fixed,
tbe drop was replaced, and the miserable men
mounted the scaffold the second time this time
never to return alive. The condemned both spoke
to the crowd around In the same strain as before, at
the conclusion of which the black caps were again
drawn over their heads, and at half-past one o'clock
the drop again fell, and the ropes proving strong
enough they were left struggling in the air. Neither
of their necks were broken, and for several minutes
they gave painful evidence of life by their forced
breathing anu tne convulsive jerking or their legs.
They were allowed to hang for half an hour, when
tney too were cut oowd, piaceu in tneir comns,
anu taken to tne court uouse grave-yara ror inter
menu
THE FINE ARTS.
LOOKING-GLASSES
AT
Gold Prices,
EVERY VARIETY IN STYLE, AND THE VERY
BEST WORKMANSHIP.
FK12IVCII PIRATES OXL.Y.
CARLES' GALLERIES,
No. 816 CUESNUT STREET,
" PHILADELPHIA.
ART EXHIBITION.
ON FREE EXHIBITION
AT
CHAS. F. EASELTINE'S GALLERY,
No. 1125 CHESNUT STREET,
BRATJN'8 FAMOUS PANORAMIC VIEWS Of
Berlin, Potsdam. Charlottenburg, Coblentx, Heldel.
litre, Jena. Weimar. Erfurt, Ems, Baden-Baden.
Welsbaden, Brussels, Amsterdam, Waterloo, Liege
Ypres, Rotterdam, Utrecht, eto. etc
A complete set ot the Berlin Museums, and Interior
views of all the rooms In the various royal palaces
of Prussia.
Particular attention Is drawn to the fact that In a
few days 100 views on the Rhine and its fortlQ ca
tions, as never before seen, will be exhibited. 11 in
MILLINERY, ETO.
f U S. . R. D i I - h . L . O N,
X , NOS. 523 AND 331 SOUTH STREET.
Ladles' and Misses' Crape, Gimp, Hair Pamela and
Straw Round and Pyramid Hats ; Ribbons, Satins,
Silks, ..Velvet and Velveteens, Crapes, Feathers,
Flowers, Frames, Sash Ribbons.OTbauieuia, Mourn
if Miliinery, Crape Veils, etc l 4
EDUCATIONAL.
C'ARL OAFRTNER'S NATIONAL CONST. RVA-
TORY OF MUSIC. 8. K. corner TKNTH and
WALNUT Streets, is now open for the Fourth Sea
son for the reception of pupils. Instruction is given
tiy a stan ot tne nest rroiessors in the city in tne
following branches:
Vocal Muslo, piano, Violin, Viola, Violoncello,
Contra Bass, Theoty of Harmony, Grand Organ or
Churrh Organ), Cabinet Organ, Melodeon, Flute,
C larionet, oboe, Bassoon, Horn, Cornet, Trombone,
liarp, uiiiiar, etc., etc., ana in tne Italian, German,
French, and Spanish Languages.
For particulars see circulars to he had at the Office
of the Conservatory and in the Music Stores.
The Director of the Conservatory takes this oppor
tunity to express his sincere gratiiication at the suc
cess wnien nas aucnnea nis enorts to estamtsn tnis
Institution in Philadelphia on a permanent basis and
with the prospect of continued prosperity.
He would likewise declare his gratitude to the
tnany kind friends among the students and else
where, whose interest in tne cause or thorongn in
struction in the art and science of music has as
sisted so materially In bringing the Conservatory to
Its present state of usefulness.
lie can only promise in return that his devotion to
the object of raising the institution under his care
to a hign piace among the great Music Schools or
the world shall be as It has been the controlling
influence at the Conservatory.
UAKL UAERTNER,
9 12 lni Director and Proprietor.
ACADEMY FOR YOUNG MEN AND BOYS.
ASSEMBLY BUILDINGS,
No. 10S fcouth TENTH Street.
A Piimary, Elementary, and Finishing School.
Thorough preparation for Business or'College.
Special attention given to Commercial Arithmetic
and all kinds of Business Calculations.
French and German, Linear and Perspective
Drawing, Elocution, English Composition, Natural
Science.
FIELD PRACTICE in Surveying and Civil Engl-
neering, with the use of all requisite instruments,
is given to the higher classes in Mathematics.
A urst-piass miliary Department.
Thebest ventilated, most lofty and spacious Class
rooms in the city.
. Open for the reception of applicants daily from 10
A.M. to 4 P.M. IS 20
Fall terra will begin September 12.
Circulars at Mr. Warburton s, No. 430 Chesnut st.
HALLOWELL SELECT HIGH SCHOOL FOB
Young Men and Boys, which has been re
moved from No. 110 N. Tenth street, will be opened
on September 12 In the new and morn commodious
buildings Not. 112 and 114N. NINTH Street. Neither
enort nor expense nas Dccn fcparea in ntung up tne
rooms, to make this a (lrst-class school of the highest
grade.
A iTeparaiory iiepuriment is connected wun tne
school. Parents and students are invited to call
and examine the rooms and consult the Principals
irom v a. M. to z f. ivi. aiter August is.
GEORGE EASTBURN, A. B.,
JOHN G. MOORE, M. S.,
617tf Principals.
TTAMILTON INSTITUTE FOR YOUNG LADIES.
XX No. 3810 CUESNUT Street, West Philadel-
phla. Day and Boarding School. This institution,
having successfully completed its fourth yoar, has
become one or tne estaousnea scnoois or our city.
Its course of study Includes a thorough English and
Classical Education, embracing Mental, Moral, and
I'Dysieai culture.
Its ninth session will open on MONDAY, Septem
ber 12. For terms, etc., apply at the school.
8 29tf PHILIP A. CREGAR, Principal.
Xl Boarding School for Young Ladies will RB
OPEN SEPTEMBER 14, 1870.
It Is situated at the York Road Station of the
North Pennsylvania Railroad, seven miles from
Philadelphia.
The Principal may be consulted personally at her
residence during the summer, or by letter addressed
to Shoemakertown PoBt Oillce, Montgomery county,
Jt a. circulars can ne ootainea aiso at tne omce oi
JAY COOKK & CO.,
8 3 Bankers, Philadelphia,
TDSEHILL SCHOOL,
MERCHANTVILLE, N. J.,
Four Miles from Philadelphia.
Next session begins MONDAY, October 3.
For circulars apply to
910tf Rev. T. W. CAT TELL.
CENTRAL INSTITUTE, N. W. CORNER OP
TENTH and SPRING GARDEN Wtreets, will
reopen mu-nuai, septemoer o. .parents are invited
to call alter August 29. Boys prepared for business
or ior couege. j uu jx tr. uAMUiiJK tujn, a. ivi.,
8 22 lm Principal.
ArOUNG MEN AND BOYS' ENGLISH CLASS!
X CAL AND COMMERCIAL INSTITUTE. No,
1908 MOUNT VERNON Street, reopens September
0 i norougn preparation ior tsusnwas or college.
iias a preparatory Department ior smau isoys.
8 87 lm Rev. J. G. SUINN, A. M., Principal.
TT7EST CUESNUT STREET INSTITUTE FOR
V V YOUNG LA DIES, No. 4036 Chesnut street, West
Philadelphia, will re-open Monday. September 12.
9 8 3w MISS B. T. BROWN, Principal.
STEVENSDALE INSTITUTE, A SELECT
family Boarding-school for boys, will reopen Sept.
12, 1870. For Circulars address J. II. WITHINGTON,
A. M., Principal. South Amboy, N. J. 8 2tuths26t
JANE M. HARPER WILL, REOPEN HER
School for Boys and Girls, N. W. corner of
EIGHTEENTH aud CHESNUT Streets, on the 14th
of 9th month (September), 1870. Ages 6 to 13. 9 8 lm
Tf ISS 'JENNIE T. BECK, TEACHER OP THE
UA PIANU-FOliTB, NO. 748 .FLORIDA Street,
win resume ner uuties septeiuuer 1. w ia im
rnWENTY-SIXTH YEAR. n. D. GREGORY. A.
X M., will reopen his Classical and English School.
No IImQ UiBBk'Tlllrut rn Montomhor ft fiOOlm
THE CLAS8ICAL INSTITUTE, DEAN STREET,
above Spruce.will be re-opened September 6th,
etzuvm i. w. r Aiitus, v. u., rnucipai.
c
OURTLAND SAUNDERS COLLEGE. FOR
Young Men.Yonth, and Small Boys, Phlla. 6 2St
PIANIST FOR MUSICAL ENTERTAINM ETS
or Dancing Soirees, No. 110 & ELEVENTH
street. is si im
Reference Mr. Boner, No. 1102 Chesnut street.
HARNESS, SADDLES, AND TRUNKS. LARGE
stock, ail grades. Also, several thousand Horse
Covers, Lap itugs, ana Kooei, selling at low prices
to the trade or retail. MO LR S, No. 720 MARKUP
btreet, aoove eventn. v io imw
SUMMER RESORTS.
QON CRESS HALL.
CAPE MAY, N. J.,
Opens June 1. Closes October 1
Mark and Simon Hassler'i Orchestra, and ful
Military Band, of 120 pieces.
TERMS 13-60 per day June and September. 4W
per day July and August.
The new wing is now completed.
Application for Rooms, address
4Um J. F. CAKE, Proprletot
OUTLERY, ETO.
TODGERS & WOSTENIIOLM'S POCKET
-"KNIVES, Pearl and Stag handles, and
beautiful finish; Rodgeis, and Wade
Butcher's Razors, and the celebrated Le-
coultre Razor; Ladles' Scissors, In cases,
of the finest quality ; Rodgers' Table Cutlery, Carvers
and Forks. Razor Strops, Cork Screws, etc Ear In
struments, to assist the hearing, of the most ap
proved construction, at P. MADEIRA'S,
No. lie TENTH Street, below Chesnut,
CROCERIES, ETO.
yBITE PRESERVING BRANDY,
PURE CIDER AND WINS VINEGAR,
GREEN GINGER, MUSTARD SEED, SPICES, ETC
All the requisites lor preserving and pickling pur
poses.
ALBERT O. ROBERTS,
D&!er ia Yiaa Groceries
U 11 Corner ELEVENTH and VINE BtreU.
UHlL woV IcJjs. u bauCttr Cuter
ri It If Itn 1 1 l.niv!rir,itf p, i
Avtiii Xj Alt vLn ei j aciiaac ljnrS
Crdx Ira. tMvvayailtaAU4
NfifAMrtJiAP! UflUV Viei It an
m
ma
LUMBbR.
1870
KPRUCB JOIST.
KPRUCK JOIST.
HEMLOCK.
HEMLOCK.
1870
1Q7fi SEASONED CLEAR PINE. IQ7A
IO I U SEASONED CLEAR PINS. lOlV
CHOICE PATTERN PINK.
SPANISH CEDAR, FOR PATTERNS,
RED CEDAR.
1870
FLORIDA FLOORING.
FLORIDA FLOORING.
CAROLINA FLOORING.
VIRGINIA FLOODING.
DELAWARE FLOORING.
ASH FLOORING.
WALNUT FLOORING.
FLORIDA STEP BOARDS.
RAIL PLANK.
1870
1 Or AWALNUT BOARDS AND PLANK, i 07 A
10 ( V WALNUT BOARDS AND PLANK. 10 I U
WALNUT BOARDS.
WALNUT FLANK.
1870
UNDERTAKERS' LUMBER.
UNDERTAKERS' LUMBER,
RED CEDAR.
WALNUT AND PINE.
1870
1870
SEASONED EOPLAR.
SEASONED CLEERY.
ASH.
1870
WniTE OAK PLANK AND BOARDS,
HICKORY.
1 Qrr t CIGAR BOX MAKERS' 1 Q7A
10 I U CIGAR BOX MAKERS' IO i U
SPANISH CEDAR BOX BOARDS,
FOR SALE LOW.
1QFfl CAROLINA SCANTLING. 1 QTA
10 I U CAROLINA U. T. SILLS. 10 I V
NORWAY SCANTLING.
1870
CEDAR SHINGLES. 1 QT A
CYPRESS SHINGLES. 10 I U
MAULE, BROTHER 81 CO.,
No. 8600 SOUTH Street.
118
13ANEL PLANK, ALL THICKNESSES.
COMMON PLANK, ALL THICKNESSES.
1 COMMON BOARDS.
1 and 8 SIDE FENCE BOARDS.
WHITE PINE FLOORING BOARBS.
YELLOW AND SAP PINE FLOORINGS, 1 and
M SPRUCE JOIST, ALL SIZES.
HEMLOCK JOIST, ALL SIZES.
PLASTERING LATH A SPECIALTY,
Together with a general assortment of Building
Lumber for sale low for cash. T. W. SMALTZ,
6 81 6m No. 1715 RIDGE Avenue, north of Poplar St,
United States Builders' Mill,
FIFTEENTH Street, Below Market.
ESLER & BROTHER,
PROPRIETORS.
Wood Mouldings, Brackets and General Turning
WorK, Hand-rail Balusters and Newel Posts. 19 1 3m
A LARGE AESORTMENT ALWAYS ON HAND.
BUILDINQ MATERIALS.
B. E. THOMAS & CO.,
DB1LKH8 IN
Doors, Blinds, Sash, Shutters
WINDOW FRAMES, ETC.,
N. W. C0RNKE 0V
EIGHTEENTH and MARKET Streeti
4 1 3 12m PHILADELPHIA,
PROPOSALS.
1 PROPOSALS FOR FRESH BEEF,
Office of A. C. S.,Fbankford Arsknal,)
September 18th. 1810. f
Seeled Proposals, in duplicate, will be received bv
the undersigned, at this Oillce, until 12 M., October
15th, 1ST0, for furnishing the troops stationed at
random Arsenal witn Fresu ueer, or a good mar
ketable quality, In equal proportions of fore and
nind quarters, excluding necKS, snanics, ana Kiauy
tallow; the beef to be delivered free of cost to the
troons. In such nuantities and on such (lavs ai
may be from time to time required by the proper
authority, and the contract to continue In forco six
months, or snch less time as the Commissary Gen
eral enaii direct, ana subject to nis approval, com.
mencinn on the l9t of November, 1870.
Uponthe acceptance of the offer, security and
bond in the sum of six hundred dollars will be re
auired for the faithful performance of the contract.
The right to reject any or all bids which may not
be deemed to tne interest or tne uovernmeat to
accent is reserved.
Bids to be endorsed on the envelope "Proposals
for res ft ueer."
WILLIAM PRINCE,
918 6t 1st Lt. Ord., A. C. S,
"VT OTICE. SEALKD PROPOSALS, INDORSED
i.1 "Proposals for Furnishing Bartholomew's Sys
tem of Diawing," and "Webster Dictionaries," to
the Board of Public Education, will be received at
the Oillce, southeast corner of SIXTH and AD EL
PHI streets, addressed to the undersigned, unttl
THURSDAY, September 82, 170, at 12 o'clock M.
Said proposals must state the price and quality, and
be accompanieu Dy a sample 01 sam oooks.
By order of the Committee on Supplies.
1L W. HALLOWELL,
9 17 Btuw3t Secretary,
QENT.'S FURNISHINQ QOOD8.
PATENT SIIOULDEll'SEAM
SniRT MANUFACTORY,
AND GENTLEMEN'S FURNISHING STORE.
PERFECTLY FITTING SHIRTS AND DRAWERS
made from measurement at very short notice.
All other articles of GENTLEMEN'S DRESS
GOODS in lull variety.
WINCHESTER & CO.,
11 8 No. 706 CUESN UT Street
T
II E
WEBSTER PORTABLE HEATER
STANDS WITHOUT A RIVAL
For Heating Churches, Schools, Public Halls, and
Dwellings.
Call and see certificates,
C J, Tl'DALC,
No. 145 S. SECOND Street.
A large assortment of beautiful Stoves, Heaters,
and Ranges. Jobbing promptly attended to.
Roofing, jponting, etc ?JiIm
QORDAOE, ETO.
WEAVER & CO.,
UOl'U 9IAIVUFATUIIU
AMD
SHIP CIIANUIjISIZg,
No, ! North WATER Street and
No. 88 North WHARVES, Philadelphia.
ROPE AT LOWEST BOSTON AND NEW YOK9
PRICES. 1
CORDAGE.
Manilla, Siial and Tarred Cordage
At LowMt New York Price and PrixbU.
EDWIN II. FITLJEK CO
Victory, TKRTH St. and GERMANTOWB Avenue.
Etor No. 83 WATER Bi and 82 N DKLAWABH
Avannab
8HIPPINO.
NEW EXPRESS LINE TO ALEX AN .
drla, Georgetown, and Washington,
D. C. via Chesapeake and Delaware
Canal, with connections at. Alexandria from the
moat direct route for Lynchburg, Bristol, KnoxvUle,
Nashville, Dalton, and the Southwest.
Steamers leave regularly every Saturday at noon
'rem the first wharf above Market street.
Freight received dally.
WILLIAM P. CLYDE A CO.,
No. 14 North and South WHARVES.
nYDE A TV LER, Agents at Georgetown ; K,
ELL RIDGE A CO., Agents at Alexandria. 6 1
tfELaWAKE AND CHESAPEAKE
8TKAM 'ill WHO AT OOMPANY
J Barges towed between Philadel nhia.
Baltimore, Havre-de-Grace, Delaware City, and Ui-
termediate points.
-. WILLIAM P. CLYDE A CO., Agenta.
Captain JOHN LAIGBLIN. Superintendent.
OH-ce, No. 12 fcouua VYUf vca madelpbla, i Hi
5HIPPINQ.
L0K1LLARD STEAMSHIP COM. PANT
FOR NEW YORK,
SAILING EVERY TUESDAY, THURSDAY, AND
SATURDAY,
are now lecelvlng freight at
FIVE CENTS FER 100 POUNDS, TWO CENTS
PER FOOT, OR HALF CENT PER GALLON,
SHIP'S OPTION.
INSURANCE ONE-EIGHTH OF ONE PER CENT,
Extra rates on small packages Iron, metals, eto.
No lecelpt or bill of lading signed for less than
Dfty cents.
NOricE. On and after September IB rates bv this
Company will bo 10 cents per 100 pounds or 4 cents
per foot, ship s option; and regular shippers hy this
line will only be charged the above rate all winter.
winter rates commencing iracemoer 10. t or runner
particulars apply to JOHN F. OHL,
i nun H KUKTU WllAKVlSa.
FOR LIVERPOOL AND OUEEVS.
TOWN. Inman Line of Roval Mai
bteamers are appointed to sail as follows:
Ktna (via iiaiuax), Tuesday, ept 20, at 1 p. m.
City of Brussels, Saturday, September 24, at 2 P. M.
City of Washington, Saturday, Octt. 1, at 10 A. M.
Cltv of Baltimore (via Halifax), Tuesday, October
4, at 1P.M.
and each succeeding Saturday and alternate Tues
day, Irom pier No. 4ft North river.
RATES OF PASSAGE.
Favable In gold. Payable in currencv.
First Cabin 175 Steerage fan
To linden 80
To Paris 90
To Halifax 20
To London 35
To Paris 83
To Halifax 15
Passengers aiso forwarded to Havre. Uambursr.
Bremen, etc., at reduced rates.
Tickets can be bought here at moderate rates by
persons w lulling to scud for tneir friends.
For further information apply at the company's
office.
JOHN G. DALE, Agent, No. 15 Broadway, N. Y. :
Or to O DON N ELL & FAULK, Agents,
4 5 No. 402 CHESNUT Street. Philadelphia.
HE REGULAR STEAMSHIPS ON THE PHI.
LaDKLPHIA AND CHARLESTON STEAM.
SHIP LINE are ALONE authoriued to issue througli
bills of ladlrg to Interior points South aud West la
connection with South Carolina Railroad Company.
ALFRED L. TYLER,
Vice-President So. C RR. Co.
TOILADELPHIA AND CHARLESTON
STEAMSHIP LINE.
This line is now composed of the following Urst.
class Steamships, sailing from PIEK h, above
Arch street, on FRIDAY of each week at 8
A. M. !
ASHLAND, 800 tons, Captain Crowell.
j. w. EVERMAN, 62 tons, Captain Hinckley.
SALVOR, S00 tons, Captain Ashcrolt.
SEPTEMBER, 1870.
J. W. Everman, Friday, Sept. 2.
Salvor, Friday, Sept. 9.
J. W. Everman, Friday, Sept. 18.
Salvor, Friday, Sept. 23.
J. W. Everman, Friday, Sept, 30.
Through bills of lading given to Columbia, S. C;
the interior of Georgia, and all points South ant
Southwest.
Freights forwarded with promptness and despatch.
Rates as low as by any other route.
Insurance one-half per cent., effected at the Offlco
in first-class companies.
No freight received nor bills of lading signed 00
day of sailing.
SOUDER A ADAMS, Agents,
No. 8 Dock Street,
Or WILLIAM. P. CLYDE A CO.,
No. 12 S. WHARVES.
WILLIAM A. COURTENAY, Agent in Charles.
ton. 624
KF PHILADELPHIA AND SOUTHERN
MJa"7"'"' BTKAMSH1P COMPANY'S KEGTJ
LAB SEMl-MONl'HLY lOHB TO N1CW Oft.
LEANS, 1. "
A, Konlnmher 27. at 8 A. M
ina iuuwin mil iur now vrigui aireot, on Toes-
Tb At riiJL.L.1.0 win uii irom men Orleans, via
Havana, on . September .
THKOUon BiLiowffLsuinuM aa low rates as by
any other route Riven to Mobile, and to all points on the
MiBsiniippi rivei between New Orleans and St. Louie.
Bed River freifhti reahipped at New Orleans without
charge of oemmisaioca
WFF.KLY LINK TO SAVANNAH. OA.
TbeTONAWANDA will tail for Savannas on Bator
day, September 24, at 8 A. M.
Tbe WYOMING, will sail from Savannan on Saturday,
September 17.
THROUGH BILLS OF LADING given to all tbeprin.
eipal towns in Georgia, Alabama, ilorida, Mississippi,
Louisiana, Arkansas, and Tennessee in connection witn
tbe Central Railroad of Georgia, Atlantio and Gulf Rail
road, and Florida steamers, at aa low rates ao by oompetinc
lines.
SBMI-MONTHLY LINE TO WILMINGTON, N. O.
Tbe PIONKKK will sail for Wilmington en Friday.
September 30. at 6 A. M. Returning, will leave Wilming
ton Friday, Oitober T.
Connects witb tbe Oape Fear River Steamboat Oom.
cany, tbe Wilmini ton and Weldon and North Carolina
Railroads, and tbe Wilmington and Manchester Railroad
to all interior points.
Freights for Columbia, 8. O., and Augusta, Ga., taken
via 'Wilmington, at as low rates as by any otber route.
Insurance effected when requested by shippers. Bills
of lading signed at Queen street wharf on er before day
ox sailing.
WILLIAM L. JAMR8, General Agent.
No. 130 South TiilKD Street.
6 IS
PHILADELPHIA. RICHMOND.
awn Nnnifrn.ir rth a mrhtd hi.
TUKOIIOH FREIGHT AIR LINK TO THH SOUTH
WOBBAUb FACIUTIK8 AND REDUCED RATES
Bteamers leave every WKDN K8DAY and SATURDAY'
at 12 o'clock noon, irom FIRST WHARF above MAR
KET Street.
RETURNING, leave RICHMOND MONDAYS and
THURSDAYS, and NORFOLK TUESDAYS and SA
TURDAYS. , . . ..,.,
No Bills of Lading signed after 12 o'clock on sailing
dJuROUGH RATES to all points in North and South
Carolina, via Seaboard Air Line Railroad, connecting at
Portsmouth, and to Lynubburg, Va.t Tennessee, and tbe
West, via Virginia and Tennessee Air Line an4 Richmond
MFrJigh?HANp
RATES THAN ANS OTHER LINK.
No charge for commission, drayage, or any eipense Ot
Steamships insure at lowest rates.
Weiabt received daily.
itlti Room accommodations for passengers,
state ttoomauuu WILLIAM P. OLt JJK A CO.,
No. 12 8. WHARVKS and Pier IN. WHARVES.
W P. POK'I K.R. Agent at Riobmond and City Point.
.i.i Y l tilt . . n j i r
X. P. OROWl
POR NEW YOR
iio VliVlnwftrA ariii TJaHtnn Canal
jUatt EXPREba STEAMBOAT COMPANY.
ri hijium Prnn,llrfi nf thA linn will mtnmonta
loading on the 8th instant, leaving daily as usual.
THROUGH IN TWENTY-FOUR HOURS.
Goods forwarded by all the lines going out of Ne
York, North, East, or West, free of commission.
Freights received at low rates.
WILLIAM P. CLYDE A CO., Agents,
No. 12 & DELAWARE Avenue.
JAMES HAND, Agent,
Ho. ll WALL Street, New Yorlc 845
-7 kw
1 il
FOR NEW YORK, VIA DELAWARE
and Rarltan CanaL
SWIFT SURE TRANSPORTATION
COMPANY.
DESPATCH" AND 8WIFTSURE LINES,
Leaving daily at 12 M. and 0 P. M.
The steam propellers of this company will com.
tnence loading on the 8th of March,
Through In twenty-four hours.
Goods forwarded to any point free of commissions.
Freights taken on accommodating terms.
Apply to
WILLIAM M. BAIRD A CO., Agents, .
4) No. 132 South DELAWARE Avenue.
ENGINES. MACHINERY. ETO.
v PENN STEAM ENGINE AND BOILER
fcJLwOKKS. NEAFIE A LEVY, PRACTI.
CAL AMD TiiEOHtrriUAii iirui &iiKS. ma.
CUIN1ST8, BOILER-MAKERS, BLACKSMITHS,
and FOUNDERS, having for many years been In
succeBSfdl operation, and been exclusively engaged
In building and repairing Marine and River Engines,
high and low preauure, Iron Boilers, Water Tanks,
Propellers, eto. etc, respectfully oner their iervlees
to the publlo as being fully prepared to contract for
engines of all sizess, Marine, River, and Stationary ;
having seta of patterns of dltfeient sizes, are pre
pared to execute orders with quick despatch. Every
description of pattern-making made at the shortest
notice. High and Low Pressure Fine Tubnlarand.
Cylinder Boilers of the best Pennsylvania Charcoal
Iron. Forglngs of all size and kinds. Iron and
Brass Caaiings of all descriptions. Roll Turning,
bcrew Cutting, and all other work connected
with tbe above btiblness.
Drawings and speoiucaUons for all work dons
the establishment free of charge, and work gua
ranteed. , . M .
The subscribers have ample wharf dock-room for
repairs of boats, where they can lie in perfect
safety, and are provided with sheurs, blocks, fallf,
etc. etc., for ruining heavy or llfiht weights.
' JACOB C. NfclAFIE.'
JOHN P. LKVY,
8 is; BEACnand PALMER Street.
p XRABD TUBE WORK S AND IRON CO,
JOHN H. MURPHY, President,
PHILADELPHIA, PA.
MANUFACTURE WROUGUT-IRON PIPE;
nd Sundries for'Plumbera, Gas and Steam Fitters.
WORKS, TWENTY-THIRD and FILBERT Streets.
fcic and Warehouse,
4 1 ; No. 43 N. FIFTH Street,