ED
H
O
VOL. XIV NO. 42.
PHILADELPHIA, FRIDAY, AUGUST 19, 1870.
DOUBLE SHEET THREE CENTS.
1 irLdlLdil
FIRST EDITION
THE WAR IN EUROPE.
The Perilous Situation.
A General French Defeat.
The Road t Paris Open.
So ii tli Germany.
The Allies of Prussia.
Tlieii Recent History
The Reigning Sovereigns.
The Latest Advices by Mail.
England's Peculiar neutrality
The French and German Soldiers.
"Wsn ZMie3!l5iiiy
Ltd Etc.. Etc. Etc., Etc.
THE SITUATION.
t onfuslon Vore Confoitmlcd The Mnddle I n
eat rirnble-la the liud Sent?
The voluminous despatches of yesterday
afternoon and last night are as unsatisfactory as
they are voluminous. The Freach authorities
have rigorously excluded all correspondents
from their armies, and there are but few at the
Prussian front, the consequence being that
nothing better than rumors have thus far been
received concerning the movements and battles
since last Saturday. These rumors are tinged
with the sympathies of the two capitals from
which they emanate, and it is absolutely impos
sible to sift from the whole mass more than a
few grains of fact which can be taken without
reserve.
The most patent fact is that the present week
has been passed in a desperate effort on the part
of the French to transfer the bulk of their forces
from the Moselle to the country west of that
stream, and it would seem that the underlying
object has been to effect a concentration upon
the camp near Chalons. The leading Paris
journals appear to regard Chalons, and not the
line of the Mense or even the plateau of the
Argonnes, as the objective point of the grand
strategic movement which was inaugurated
on (Sunday last. If the French army
had been suffered to consummate this design
without molestation, a vital point would have
been gained, and a final stand against the Prus
sian advance might have been made in the valley
of the Maine, with a slight show of success.
But the Prussian advance has harassed the
French rear along the whole line from Metz to
Commercy, forcing the retreating army to turn
time and time again and give battle, with the
sole alternative of having its westward move
ment transformed into an utter rout.
In some of the innumerable engage
ments which have resulted, . it is more
than probable that the Prussians have been
worsted, but there can be little question that
the latter have heen successful on the whole in
rendering the westward movement of the French
army one of the most laborious and disastrous
on record, even if It has not been practically
balked in its purpose. A significent token of
the general tide of affairs is afforded by the
War, In the Corps Legislatif, yesterday. He
dwelt with apparent force upon an ineffectual
attempt on the part of the Prussians to capture
the minor fortress of Pfalzburg, an attempt
t which has no conceivable connection with the
movements to the west of the Moselle and no
practical bearing upon their result; while, con
cerning the latter he had nothing to give except
the promise of communicating to the Chambers
l tidings oi its result as soon as received.
f Of the precise strength and disposition of the
forces which have participated in the actual
(encounters of the past five days it is impossible
I to speak with certainty, but it would seem that
the straggling line of battle is still maintained,
and that the long-continued running fight has
not yet -approached the end. The latest
encounter oi wmcn we nave received any
intelligence appears to have transpired on
v edaesday in the neighborhood of Mars-la-
Tour, which is but twelve miles west of Metz,
on the direct road between the latter place and
Verdun. No Prussian accounts have yet reached
us of this battle, and the French reports are un
ofheial and but little more than the merest
rumors, which have probably gained in propor
tion as they have travelled from the scene of the
conflict to the capital. It would appear that the
battle was a desperate one, but of its result we
have no trustworthy reports. The fact, how
ever, that there is still so near Metz t
French force sufficiently large to make a de
Itennined stand is not without significance, and
rtends to strengthen the assumption that thus
Mar the attempt of the French leaders to transfer
their forces to the neighborhood of Chalons has
been an out-and-out failure.
The recent reports concerning matters not
pertaining to the movements of the hostile
armies are about as unsatisfactory as those
upon the military situation. M. Ollivier, it is
said, has fled with his family to Italy, wblch is
more than probable, and perhaps the best dis
position he could make of himself at the present
crisis. Prince Napoleon, It is said, in one
quarter, has prepared the way for flight by
getting his children and valuables out of the
country, which may soon be too hot to hold
Bonaparte, while from ether quarters comes
report that he has actually taken hlm-
felt off to Italy; and Pierre Bonaparte,
the slayer of Victor Ncilr, is rejoned as ct the
e
way to Corbica. From London come extremely
dubious reports of the flight of the Empress for
England by way of Belgium, coupled with the
belief that the Emperor is also seeking safety by
the same route. With a more plausible show of
truth there is a report that Napoleon has ex
pressed through Lord Lyons, the English Am
bassador at Paris, a readiness to treat for peace,
to which the King of Prussia has made answer
that he can only 6ue for peace by first asking
for an armistice in the usual way.
A Plausible Summary of the Recent .llve
uienis. The New York Tribune of this morning says:
The remnant of MacMahon's Corps, which escaped
from the Vosges Mountains after the battle of 11a-
guenau, retreated to .Lunevuie, .Nancy,;uomnierey,
and thence, It is inferred, fell back towards Chalons,
closely pursued by the Crown Prince Frederick Wil
liam, with the army of the South. On the 14th Inst,
the advance guard of this Prussian army had reached
Blesme, m miles by railway from Chalons. On
the same flay, tne right wing oi me rrnssians,
known as the Army of the Saar, under General
von Stelnmetz, appeared before tne eastern walls of
Metz, and carried, after four hours' fighting, the
outer works of Bellecrotx. The French army under
Bazaine evacuated Metz on the same night. On the
13th, It encountered the centre of the Prussians,
which had crossed the Moselle between Metz and
Nancy, and had endeavored to seize the road be
tween Metz and Verdun by which Ba-
zaine wished to retreat. It was for the
possesion of this road that the several engagements
of Monday, Tuesday and Wednesday were fought.
The battle of Monday was under the western walls
of Metz ; that of Tuesday was at uraveiotte, lour
miles west of Metz ; that on the 17th instant was at
Marb-la-Tour, six miles from Metz. From present
indications the French here gave up the struggle,
and, abandoning the road to Verdun, tied toward
Etain.
THE LATEST.
The French Army 't la Two, and the Road
lo farm open.
Cable telegrams published under our second
edition head state that the London Times of
this morning, in its review of the situation, de
clares that "the read to Paris is open to the
Crown Prince, who may leave Prince Frederick
Charles to watch Marshal Bazaine. The Times
ako has a special despatch from Berlin, declar
ing that the result of the last encounters has
been to cut the French army in two, the main
body being forced back on Metz, where it has
been brought to a stand by the armies of Prince
Frederick Charles and General von Steimetz.
The road to Chalons and thence to Paris is
thus thrown open to the Crown Prince, and the
decisive event is impending.
8 till later despatches announce that the Crown
Prince, at the head of three army corps, is on
the march to attack the raw levies of Troehu
at Chalons.
SOUTH GERMANY.
The South tJerntnn Allies of Pruniln Bavaria.
nrtnnbi-re, lliirtrn, and ile.Ne-Uariiint twit.
After the Fru6so-Austrian war of lbOG, which
resulted in the disruption of the old Gormanic
Confederation, and the formation of that of
North Germany, the independent States south of
the river Main were excluded from the new
Confederation, but left at liberty to organize a
South German Confederation, a privilege which
they never accepted. They embrace Bavaria,
exclusive of the portions ceded to Prussia, Wur
emburg, Baden, and Hesse-Darmstadt the pro
vince of Upper Hesse, still belonging to the
latter, being included, however, in the North
German Confederation. The area of those coun
tries and their populations, according to the
census of 1804, are as follows:
Arta, .9.. Mil'..
Bavaria 29,373
Wurtemburg 7,f32
Laden 5,012
lleste-Darmstadt 1,090
FofuTatton.
4,774,464
1,749,3-28
1,429,199
501,465
Totals 44,507 8,516,456
The Houth German Btate lo the War of 1S6H.
The four South German States took sides with
Austria In the war of 1800, to whose army they
furnished 103,000 men and 234 pieces of ord
nance. They shared the fate of Austria on the
field of battle, and two of them, Bavaria and
Hesse-Darm6tadt, were made to suffer territo
rially for their alliance. Several small districts
north of the river Main, with an area of 2'J1
square miles and a population of 32,470, were
annexed to Prussia. Several districts of Hesse-
Darmstadt, north of the Main, with an area of
377 square miles and a population of 40,005,
were also annexed to Prussia in 1800, while the
province of Upper Hesse was taken into the
North German Confederation. It has an area
of 1280 square miles and a population of 225,690,
making the total area of Hesse-Darmstadt
2970 square miles, and its total population
790,101.
At the conclusion of the war, a treaty of
peace was 6igned with Bavaria on August 22 d,
four days before the truce of Nikolsburg be
tween Prussia and Austria. Bavaria, in addition
to giving up the territory mentioned above, en
gaged to pay to Prussia 30,000,000 florins, in
three instalments, the last instalment six months
after the exchange of ratifications; to abandon
the navigation dues on the Rhine and Main
after 1807; to transfer to Prussia the Bavarian
telegraph stations in the territory of the North
ern Confederation, and in the Grand Duchy of
Hesse; to surrender such documents in the
archives of Bamburg as rcter exclusively to the
former burgraves of Nuremburg and the mar
graves of Brandenburg of the Franconian line;
and to submit to the arbitration of one of these
.German courts of appeal upon Prussia's claims
to the pictures which had been removed from
the Duseeldorf gallery to Munich.
Treaties of peace were signed by Wurtemburg
on July 12th, by Baden on August 21st, and by
Hesse-Darmstadt on September 3d. Each of
these three States were compelled, like Bavaria,
to indemnify Prussia for a part of her expenses,
Wurtemburg paying 8,000,000 forms; Baden,
6,000,000 florins; and Hesse-Darmstadt 5,000,000
florins, in addition to the cessions of territory
above mentioned, receiving, however, by way of
compensation, the privilege of entering the
North German Confederation for the province
of Lpper Hesse.
The Moulh Uerntaa wtate and the North Oer
uiuu ('aofederailoD.
After the war of 1806, there was a marked
division In the sentiment of . the South German
States on the question of seeking admission Into
the Northern Confederacy or the establishment
of a Southern one. A majority of the Liberal
party were in favor the former course, while
the bulk of the Catholic and Democratic parties
incliced to the latter. In August, 1800, the
Bavarian Chamber of Deputies adopted by
large vote a resolution expressing a wish that
the government, by a close alllan:e with Pru
sia, would enter upon the only road leading to
the final union of all Germany under a German
Parliament. The first Chamber declined
te concur in this; but, by
vote of 21 to 13, expressed
a wifh that any atUck wLk-h might be made
vjen German tcrrj;ory j tyreu rowers m'Ll
be icslsted by the whole strength of Bavaria.
On the last day of the year, the Prince of Hohen-
lohe, who was in favor of the closest possible
nnion with Prussia, was appointed Prime Minis
ter, a signal advance being thus made by the
union party. The Diet of Wurtemburg, in Sep
tember, 1806, adopted a report in favor of the
union of all Germany, and opposed to a perma
nent separation of Northern and Southern Ger
many; but, because the North German Confede
ration did not offer the necessary guarantees for
civil liberty and progress, declined to assume
any definite attitude at that time.
Finally, it was declared that
Wurtemburg was for the present in favor of a
Southern Confederation, or at least of an agree
ment on the organization of the army. In the
Diet of Baden, in October, 1806, a resolution
patscd the Chamber of Deputies declaring in
favor of an entrance of the South German
States Into the Northern Confederation, with a
guarantee for the interior constitutional condi
tion of the several States; and, until this could
be obtained, a union in questions relating to the
army and political economy was urged. At the
same time, the President of the Ministry declared
in favor of the closest possible union with the
Northern Confederation. The Diet of Hesse-
Darmstadt, which did not meet until December
22, 1800, took no action on the question, but the
President of the Ministry lamented the exclu
sion of the States south of the Main from the
new Confederacy, and declared the Government
would endeavor to promote their admission.
The idea of a South GermanUnion was soon
abandoned, and in February, 1807, a conference
of representatives of the tour Southern States
was held, at which a basis was agreed upon for
organizing their defensive forces in such a way
as to admit of common action with Prussia.
This action was indorsed by another conference
held December of the same year, the funda
mental idea being the introduction into the
Southern States of the Prussian military sj'stem,
a project which was subsequently carried out as
far as possible.
Meanwhile the old Zollverein, or Customs
Union, was revived, the four Southern States
ratifying the modifications proposed, and send
ing their deputies to the Customs Parliament,
Bavaria being entitled to 48, Wurtemburg to
28, Baden to 14, and Hesse-Darmstadt to 6. But
a still closer union with the Northern Confede
ration was urged by a powerful party, Baden
and Hesse-Darmstadt being almost united in
favor of the project, while the Governments of
Bavaria and Wurtemburg hesitated to proceed
further than the faithful execution of the trea
ties with Prussia at that time. Baden remained
true to its desire for a complete union with the
North; while in the 'other Southern States the
anti-Prussian party made some headway during
18C7 and the election for deputies held in Bavaria
in November last resulted in the success of a ma
jority of the so-called "patriotic" candidates, who
were in favor of the entire independence of the
country. Prince Hohenlohe thereupon tendered
bis resignation, but it was refused by the King,
and the government remained in favor of an in
timate Prussian alliance, although opposed to a
political union with North Germany. In Baden,
however, the union party still maintained its
ascendancy, and when the Grand Duke last year
expressed his sympathy with the union move
ment, he was sustained by an almost unanimous
vote of both chambers.
The South Rrrnm State, and the War Be
i ween f ranee aou rruaaia.
The declaration of war by France against
Prussia In July of the present year, however,
has given a powerful impetus to the union sen
timent in all four of the South German States,
and one of the probable results of the conflict
will be the consummation of a united Germany,
Austria alone being left outside. The Southern
States have all responded promptly to the war
cry of Germany, and fulfilled, in letter and
spirit, their military treaties with the North,
the three larger States furnishing the following
contributions to the army of King William:
SItn. Cannon.
Bavaria. 117,433 210
Wurtemburg 34,630 66
Baden 30,290 64
Totall 182,408 3
This powerful force is incorporated with the
army led by the Crown Prince of Prussia, of
which it forms the bulk, and in the battle of
Wocrth and the subsequent movements of the
Prince, his South German forces have been as
zealous and done as manly duty as those from
the North.
The Sovereigns of the Son'.h German States.
The present King of Bavaria is Louis II
(Louis Otho Frederick William), the grandson
of the ex-King Louis I, who abdicated in March,
1848, in favor of his son, Maximilian Joseph II
The latter died early in 1804, and was succeeded
by Louis II on March 10 of that year. He was
born at Nymphenburg.on the 25th of August, 1845,
and was consequently under 19 years of age
when he ascended the throne. Ever since he
has been on the throne he has been regarded as
exceedingly eccentric, and almost as imbecile.
A passion for the "music of the future" as Inter
preted by Wagner has been his besetting weak
ness and not long since came near costing
him his crown. Of elegant and dainty tastes,
and regarded as entirely without force or dig
nity of character, the present war, it is said,
has quite transformed him. When, at its out
break, King William sent him a message by
telegraph to the effect that he had assumed
command of the Bavarian army, and incorpo
rated it with the 3d Army Corps, under the im
mediate command of the Crown Prince, Louis I
promptly responded that the message "had
awaKenea in mm a joyful echo," and con
tinued:
"The Bavarian troops, side by side with their glo
rious Dremren in arms, win enter enthusiastically
into the struggle for German right and German
honor."
He put away his violoncello and "the music of
the future," and, placing himself at the bead of
his army, has thrown himself iato the cause of
German unity and integrity with an amount of
earnestness and resolution which has astonished
his subjects at the same time that it has inspired
them with like courage and zeal. King Louis
II is still unmarried.
Charles I (Charles Frederick Alexander),
King of Wurtemburg, eldest son of the late
King, was born March 6, 1823, and succeeded
his father June 25, 1804. He followed his
father's policy on the Schleswlg-nolsteln ques
tion. forming one of the minor States nartv in
the Diet. He married, July 13, 1810, the Grand
Duchess Olga Nicolajewna, a sister of the pre
sent Czar of Ra6sia, and holds a commission as
Colonel of a Russian regiment of dragoons.
Frederick I (Frederick William Louis), the
Grand Duke of Baden, was born September 9,
Leopold, as Regent, April 24, 1852, to the exclu
sion of his elder brother Louis, who was men
tally incapacitated from governing. On Sep
tember 5, 1856, he assumed the title of Grand
Duke, and married a daughter of William I of
Prussia on September 20 of the same year.
8ince 1853 he has been continually engaged in a
struggle with the ecclesiastical power, and at
the end of 1S55 banished the Jesuits from his
Duchy. In September, 1850, he had a narrow
escape from assassination. Since the war of
1806 he has been a zealous advocate of a politi
cal union of all the South German States, and
especially of Baden, with the North German
Confederation, and has entered into the present
contest with unflagging zeal.
Louis III, Grand Duke f Hesse-Darmstadt,
the son of the Grand Duke Louis II and of the
Princess Wllhelmlna of Baden, was born June
9, 1800. On March 5, 1848, he was appointed
co-Regent, and on Juno 16 following he suc
ceeded his father as Grand Duke. He married
the Princess Matilda, daughter of Louis I of
Bavaria, on December 26, 1033.
THE MARSEILLAISE.
Its True History Done Over Again.
The London Daily AVica claims that the trim
origin of the "Marseillaise" is as follows:
"One day in tne last ween 01 April, 1792, a
certain dinner party was given by the Mayor of
Strasburgf Monsieur Dietrich. The great war,
which was to last tnree-and-twenty years, and
to cost the world millions of men and hundreds
of millions of money, had been proclaimed a
few days before. All hearts in France were
beating with hope or anger, as they are beating
now, and the talk at this eventful banquet
was all of the war and its prospects, as It may be
now. 'Where,' It was asked, 'isaTyrtacus who
will give words to the enthusiasm of the people?'
ineir lyrtieus was among mem a young ollicer
of engineers, thirty-two years of age, called
Rouget do Lisle, musician and poet, as well a3
soldier. At tne close 01 tne evening he went
home agitated and unable to sleep. Taking his
violin, he improvised the first verse and the air
of the noblest national war song that has ever
been written, tie woruea at it the whole night
long, and in the morning he took it, finished, to
his friends. The Mayor's niece, Mad'lle Die
trich, to whom he first showed it, Instantly sent
for all the guests of the preceding day, and
played it to them. It was welcomed with de
light. Copies were made and circulated among
the military bands ot Strasburg, and the ragged
and half-starved troops marched to the frontier
to this music of the new hymn. It was called
the Chant de VArmee du Jihin.
"Published in a little Strasburs paper of
which Dietrich was proprietor, by degrees it
got more wiaeiy Known, uut it naa no real
popularity till it was adopted among the troops
of Marseilles, and shouted all the way from that
city to Paris by that grim and ferocious band
of six hundred 'who knew how to die,' and
were led by Barbaroux. The astonished ears of
the Parisians neara men tor the first time, from
the hoarse throats of their fierce visitors, the
terrible words, 'Allons ! enfans do la patrie.'
They called it lirst the 'Hymnedes Marseillaise,'
and subsequently the 'Marseillaise.'
'It is notewortny mat tne author was put
into prison and deprived of his military rank for
refusing his adhesion to the changes brought
about by the 10th of August, when these men
'who knew how to die,' did die, shot down by
the Swiss.and shouting his own words. He had
applied tic torch to fuel, which, when kindled,
came near consuming himself as well as
the 'banded kings' across the frontier. But
Robespierre fell, and the poet got out of jail,
singing another hymn composed in his cell. It
is hardly given, however, to any man to touch
more than once the deepest heart of a natiou,
ana tne later songs 01 uouget ae Lisle are now
forgotten. He rejoined the army, was wounded
at Quiberon in 1795, and obliged to retire from
military service. At Paris he lived for slx-and-forty
years longer, a calm and blame
less existence, unmarried, fecund In
poetry, music, and memoirs, with no troubles
except to make both end3 meet; a calm, unam
bitious man, who had no desire to obtrude him
self. From the successive governments he
got but scant recognition, receiving little till
Louis Philippe, in 1830, gave him a pension of
three thousand five hundred francs, with the
Cross of the Legion of Honor. And when he
died, in 1836, he did not leave enough behind
him to defray the expenses of his own funeral.
His other works are pretty well forgotten, but
the 'Maiseillalse' remains the one expression,
in words and music, of the indignation and
fury with which France went to war in 1792; of
the wild hopes and wilder dreams of the Great
Revolution; and of the noble frenzy with which
a great people rose to assert themselves, and to
hasten that Reign of Universal Brotherhood and
Equality the advent of which is yet looked for
by thousands.
"The old associations of the song, then, are
of dreams and ideas for which men might well
die. But in giving it hack to the people, the
Emperor strips it of its surroundings of barri
cades and general overthrow. It will be no
more what it has been. Already the Parisians,
who a fortnight ago were singisg it all day and
all night, are weary of it. Their grandfathers
never wearied of it. It may once more lead the
troops to victory on the Rhine, but it will never
more bear its old power to stir the blood of
Frenchmen. Blown about in the trumpets, it
may be the herald of great triumphs, but its
former influence will be gone; and with new
associations and new memories, it will no more
serve for the shouts of red-capped republicans
and the war-cry of maddened students firing
from the barricades of Paris.
"The very words are out of date. What do
these lines mean now ?
Que veut cette horde deselaves,
De traltres, de KoW conjures ?'
There is only one kiBg now against France,
there are no more slaves and no traitors as yet.
In the revival of the song we see its death, for
though the music will not die the power will be
gone out of it, and it will henceforth rest on
another basis than Its old one of Liberty, Equali
ty, and Fraternity. For the soldiers of the new
army of the Rhine to sing this song is as if an
old litany of a suppressed and glorious worship
were revived to be sung before a new idol. The
'Marseillaise' can never be the song of Imperial
ism. The Tyrtieus of that party is yet to seek."
WHICH IS SUPERIOR J
The Comparative Flitbtlnx Qualities of the
Krcurb and Prussian nolUlers.
The London Economist, the standard financial
journal of Europe, In an article on the com'
parative fighting qualities of the French and
Prussian soldiers, before the recent battles,
said:
Upon the whole, it is certain that the Prus
sian soldier is a very much better fighter than he
was at Jena, and it is probable that he is a better
one man me frenchman, mere reiamns tne
comoarative spirit of the men to be considered,
and here again Englishmen are very liable to
error. They understand and sympathize with
the German spirit. They do not understand or
sympathize witn the French spirit. They tend
to believe that the auleL grave man who is Im
pressed by proclamations which assume that
the King is under the special protection of
heaven, must have a higher spirit than the noisy
fanfaronading person who ridicules such pro
clamations, who is moved mainly by
love of "glory," and who insert
even into his most military songs
hints of bis own irresistible attractions
for all women. Uniortnnateiy. nothing 1 more
certain than that apiril of the type we dislike is
s tcnitn m uitif as tVi VI IU .type we.
like; that between the Covenanter and the Gas
con there is in battle nothing to choose, and In
campaigning very little, the popular English
idea of French want of persistence being a de
lusion entirely unwarranted by recent history.
The Peninsular war showed Frenchmen to be
persistent in the extreme, ready, when beaten
and with nothing to eat, to fight again at any
moment. The only spiritual difference between
the men Is in the matter of confidence, which
has sometimes a considerable effect in its way.
The soldier who has convinced himself that ho
is well led will obey orders which, If he were
distrustful, would daunt will, for instance,
obey orders to retreat without thinking that all
Is over. The soldier, on the other hand, who
doubts his chief, loses heart under disaster, and
once in retreat begins to think of himself.
Now, the Frenchman, though in the abstract
confident in the French army, has not yet ac
quired full confidence in tho French generals,
doubts greatly about tho Emperor, and has not
made up his mind that any one general is be
yond the possibility of making a blunder. The
Prussian on the contrary believes, on the evi
dence of the Austrian war, that he is guided by
a man of surpassing genius, whoso orders,
whatever their apparent effect, are sure sooner
or later to result in victory. It Is a singular
proof of tho extent of this feeling that the
Prussian generals have not feared to let the first
success of the war accrue to their adversaries
have not been averse, as French generals would
have been averse, to announce to their troops
that the first engagement resulted only In a
Prussian retreat. This kind of confidence is of
serious value; and taking the spirit of the two
soldiers to the normally equal, we should say
that the Prussians' was in this war a little higher.
Other things being equal, therefore, we should
assume a slight balance of probability in favor
of German bucccsSj
SPIES OF THE WAR.
Experiments with Torpedoes.
Experiments with torpedoes were recently
made at Brest. One of them was to test the
action of one of those submarine monsters on a
nautical "screw," which was placed in position
for the purpose of the experiment. The old
vessel was moored over a torpedo containing
about 000 pounds of powder, lying at a depth of
forty feet (French), 6ay 50 English feet.
nen mo explosion iook place the con
demned craft was first of all nearly
lilted out of the sea, and then a powerful jet of
water pierced it as if an enormous projectile
had passed through keel and decks, and rose to
a height of some 00 feet. But for the emptv
casks with which me ship was laden it would
immediately have gone to the bottom. All the
danger, however, in tho explosion of tho tor
pedo Is not represented by this mass of water,
which destroys as it rises and inundates as it
falls. A no less terrible effect is produced by the
gas generatca oy me powucr, wnicn in search
ing an issuo escapes from the water in sharp
blades which nothing can resist. Beams mea
suring more than six square feet have been cut
through as with a saw. Gunpowder is found to
answer better for torpedoes than picrato of
potassium, nitro-giycerine, or gun-cotton.
England's Neutrality.
The Cologne (fazette contains a leader vio
lently inveighing against England's neutrality.
Alluding to the cartoon in J'unch, which repre
sents Britannia attempting to prevent Louis
JNapoieon and lung William lrom coming to
blows, the Gazette observes that Britannia should
no longer be repreprescnted with a helmet,
but with a chignon a la Eugenie, or rather,
with a cotton nightcap. Her present Gov
ernment, it says, fears nothing so much as
a war, and carries Cold n's principle
of non-intervention to absurd extremes. "Cob
den himself Is dead, but his friend Bright is
Minister, and Gladstone, whose incredible weak
ness both before and after the Crimean war is
not forgotton, is now the First Lord' of the
Treasury." The best proof, proceeds the article,
of the bellophobia of the Government is the
way in which England received the news of the
secret treaty. "No mouse ever ran with more
terror about the kitchen in search of a hiding
place when the cook had come in," than the
English statesmen, and the newspapers under
their influence, have sought to escape the neces
sity of taking up arms. The Cologne Gazette
concludes by comparing England to "an army
of lions led by hares."
Prince Leopold a True German.
Prince Leopold of Hohenzollern-Sigmarlngen
gave the following reply to an address recently
presented to him by a society in Dusseldorf:
"I thank you for your kindly feelings and for
the justice you do me. I felt no difficulty in re
nouncing the crown of Spain on considering the
danger of so great carnage. I rejected it wil
lingly to preserve peace for our common coun
try, and I should not be worthy to bear the
name of ilohenzollern had I acted otherwise.
You are right in eaying that this renunciation
had no result. The French have desired war;
they had prepared for it. Our business is now
to take up arms as men, and to enter into the
struggle with courage and fortitude for the
honor and security of Germany. I am happy
to meet everywhere with that national enthu
siasm which is alone sufficient to efface any
disunion between me peoples of Germany. Our
heroic King will lead us to victory."
The Ranee of the Chassepot.
A letter from Forbach, in the Temps, gives
the following illustration of the range of the
Chassepot. At a considerable distance from the
French advanced posts a superior Prussian
officer was observed every morning for some
days. Followed by an escort of about twenty
horsemen, and provided with a field glass, he
moved about looking arrogantly towards the
other lines, so secure did he think himself from
our fire. His constant appearance irritated the
French soldiers, and a promise was made that a
prompt opportunity should be taken to teach
this Prussian ollicer 1 that General de Fallly had
not spoken idly when he extolled tho wonders
of the Chassepot. On Friday morning, as soon
as a French vidette caught sight of the Prus
sian, he informed a lieutenant of the Sixty
seventh of the fact. This latter, who was noted
as a marksman, at once took aim, and notwith
standing the distance of 1200 metres, hit the
enemy, who was seen to totter in his saddle and
fall from his horse.
marriages In the Prussian Army.
A curious result of the war Is a large number
of simultaneous marriages in the Prussian army.
On the 31st ult. a great number of military wed
dings were performed at Altona, by express per
mission of the King, and the special relaxation
of the standing order that the bans must be pub
lished three times. In Berlin on the same Sun
day, in me garrison church in that city, more
than one hundred soldiers and their betrothed
were bound together in holy matrimony. The
object appears to be that though they will neces
sarily be separated from their young wives
during the honeymoon, the husbands have the
satisfaction of knowing that in case of their
being killed their widows will be adequately pro
vided for by their grateful country.
The "Special Correspondents."
A singular argument for allowing correspon
dents at headquarters was used in the interview
of the Paris journalists with M. Ollivier, the ex
premier. M. Texier, who went through the
Italian campaign as correspondent for the
Sucle, related with remarkable nerve and preci
sion the part which the newspaper correspon
dents played during the war of 1859. M. Tex
ier recalled the battle of Montebello and the
demonstration made by the French army on the
side of Pavia, in order to conceal the real move
ment on the Tessin and Magenta, and he altirmed
that the newspaper correspondents were not
strangers to the error into which the enemy's
Generals were drawn. The correspondents, who
knew the truth, men understood that it was
their duty to deceive the Austrians.
The Kmpresstn a Lovlac Afasd.
The Empress telegraphed to the Emperor,
1 (Jj irg Uiat tfce dviiHd I? i ft M,,u U t;s LL,
to embrace her eon, and to show herself to tho
array, and endeavor to increase tho enthusiasm
for the war, as it is apt to be Increased in such
cases by a woman's presence. The Emperor
replied, thanking her for her wishes and inten
tions, but requesting her not to carry these
out, as be should have left Metz before she
could arnvo ther -, and he was unable to tell her
where she could find him.
Experiments with fflltralllenr.
An English paper says: "The mitrailleur
which has for some time past been stored at the
Royal Arsenal, at Woolwich, has been sent to
the Royal Artillery at Shoeburyness, where ex
periments will be made with it next week on
the beach where the gunnery operations of the
Royal Artillery are carried on. Other patterns
of the mitrailleur are expected to arrive frow
the continent and America in tho course of a
few weeks, and with these also experiment'
will be made at Shoeburyness."
FIXANCK AND COJIMEIttC.
Kvenimo TrxroRAPH Omrtl
Friday. Aug. 19, 170. (
The foreign news from the seat of war is eo
conflicting that it influences the markets but
little. The further reduction of the rate of
interest by the Bank of England to 4 per cent,
was followed by an advance of securities in Lon
don, and a further decline in gold on this side
of the Atlantic. The money market is not verv
active, but exceedingly firm at the advanced
rates noted yesterday.
Gold is active at a decline. Sales up to noon
ranged between 116 and 116,V
Government bonds are dull but steady, with
prices unchanged.
Stocks were dull but generally unchanged.
New City 6s sold at 101a'.
Reading Railroad was excessively dull at
about 47j5i547; Pennsylvania was steady, with
sales at 5i Camden and Amboy sold at 115' i
and Lehigh Valley at 57. Oil Creek and Alle
gheny was lively, with sales at 44 and 45, b. o.
In Canal shares the only sales were in Schuyl
kill at 8.
A few shares of Farmers' and Mechanics' Bank
changed hands at 123.
PHILADELPHIA 8TOCK EXCHANGE SALES.
Reported by De Haven & Bro., No. 40 S. Third street.
BEFORE BOARDS.
100 sh Read R..b30. 47-81 1 e sh Acad Mas.... 9;
FIRST BOARD.
20C0 City 69, . 8(1.1 01 X
10 sh far A M Bk.123
S sn Reading R... 48
40 sh Penna U..ls. 68 ,'
Can Cam & AmRllsx
70 sh LehV R..ls. 67 V
100 sh Sell Nv
200 Bh O CA A R.b30
lots.... 44X
200 dO 44
100 (10 D60. 46
200 do IB. 44
100 do bbO. 45
Messrs. Db Haven &
Brother, No. 40 S. Third
street, Philadelphia, report the following qibta:ions :
U. S. 6s of 1881, 114,(3114?i; do. 1862, min3;
do. 184, 111,'11U; ; do. 1865, yx(, ;tk. IMS,
new.iw.caiio,; do. 1867, do. 110(110 ; da ie68,
do. HOH.MillOJi ; 10-408, 108),-(108. ij. S. 30 Yeer
6 per cent. Currency, lll,vU2; Due Comp. Int.
Notes, 19; Gold, U6mu(; Silver, lllail4;
Union Pacific Railroad 1st Mort. Bonds, 620(3,830 ;
Central Paeliic Railroad, 870980 ; Union Pacific
Land Grant Bonds, 780770.
JatCookb fc Uo. quote Government secnrl'les as
follows: TJ. 8. 6s of 1881. 114X(ail6: 6-SOs ot 1662,
112JiA113: do. 1834. instllj; do. Nov. 186
111 ',tm: do. do., July, 1 toluol; ; do. do.. IStft,
iio.,(aiio; do. iss,iio(aiicx; 10-403, ioe(4
l08,:Faclticfl,lu,-m2. Gold, lie.
Nark &.Ladnkr, Brokers, report this morning
Gold quotations as follows :
10-00 A.M 116J10-41 A.M 116
10-01 ' 116 10-6T " 116','
1048 " 116! 108 " 116V
10-25 " 11X, 11-40 "
10-36 " 116V
Philadelphia, Trade Report.
Friday, Aug. 19. The Flour market continues to
be characterized by great depression, the Inquiry
being confined to the wants of the home trade.gA
few hundred barrls changed hands at V256-C2)tf
for superfine ;5-876-25 for extras; to-25t6-46ror
Northwestern extra family ; $77-60 for Pennsylvania
do. do. ; f 7&7-S0 for Indiana and Ohio do. do. : and
17-75(3,8-50 lor fancy brand, as In quality. Rye Flour
may be quoted at fo. Nothing doing In Corn Meal.
The Wheat market Is without Improvement. Sales
of Pennsylvania red at f l-43i3,l-45, and 2000 bushels
new "Western do. at $1-40(1-44. Hye is steady at 95
(a 9sc Corn Is dull and weak. Pales of yellow at
ll -03, and Western mixed at 9098c. Oats are
inactive. Sales of S0O0 bushels new Western at 50
52c. NothlDfj doing In Barley or Malt.
-Bark In the absence of sales we quote No. 1
Quercitron at 30 ton.
Seeds. Cloverseed is nominal at 7-609, as in
quality. Flaxseed is in demand at i 35. 'Timothy
is in fair request at 12-85.
Whisky is unchanged. SO barrels Western Iron
bound Bold at 98c.
LATEST 8IHPFIN0 INTELLIGENCE.
For additional Marine Newt see Inside Pane.
PORT OF PHILADKLPHIA AUGUST 19
8TATI Of TBXRM0MITXR AT THI IVININO TSLBORiPH
OFPICB.
7 A. M 76 1 11 A. M 66 S P. M 93
CLEARED THIS MORNING.
St8mer Mayilower, Fultz, New York, W. P. Clyde
&co.
St r Tacony, Nichols, New York, W. M. Baird A Co.
Schr Stephen llotchkiss, Uodgeu, Boston, Lennox
fc Burgers.
Schr A. J. Russell, Miller, Ipswich, John Romme).
Jr., & Bro.
Schr Maggie Cain, Scull, Bath, do.
Schr Raven's Wing, York, Salem, do.
Schr Lena Hunter, Perry, Bath, do.
Schr S. Morris, Seaman. Salem, do.
ttcbr B. Gaitside, Stanford, Boston, do.
Scbr Eliza Potter, Potter, Allyn's Point, SlnnlokBoa
&Co.
Schr N. H. Skinner, Thrasher, Dtghton, do.
Schr Annie Barton, Friak, Cambridge, do.
Schr Gustie Wilson, Lincoln, Gloucester, do.
Tug Hudson, Nicholson, Baltimore, with a tow of
barges, W. P. Clyde & Co.
Tug Chesapeake, Merrlhew, Havre-de-Graoe, with a
tow of barges, W. P. Clyde & Co.
ARRIVED THIS MORNING.
Steamer Mayilower, Fultz, 24 hours from New
York, with indue, to W. P. Clyde A Co.
Steamer A. C. Stlmers, Lenny, 24 hours from New
York, with mdse. to W. P. Clyde A Co.
Steamer W. Whuldlu, Riggans, 13 hours from Bal
timore, with mdse. and pajwengers to A. Grovett. Jr.
Steamer F. Franklin, Plerson, f m Sassafras River,
with peaches to A. Groves, Jr.
Steamer Decatur, Deunis, from Sassafras River,
with peaches to A. troves. Jr.
Br. brig Fassfern, Harris, from London, with chalk
to S. L. Merchant fc Co.
Schr B. F. Meany, Lewis, from Portland, Conn.,
with brown stone to W. Struthers A Soa.
Schr K. B. Everuian, Lloyd, from Gardiner, Me.,
with ice to Knickerbocker Ice Co.
Schr Annie Murchle, Newell, from Preston, Me.,
with Ice to Knickerbocker Ice Co.
Schr Helen M. Taber, Bowman, from New Bed
ford, with mdse. to Lennox A Burgess.
Schr R. Seaman, Seaman, from Kennebeo River,
With Ice to Knickerbocker Ice Co.
Schr William K. Hall, Thompson, from Alexan
dria, with coal oil to captain.
Schr Florence, Sanders, from Choptank River.
Schr Sarah Clark, James, from Fall River.
Schr Goddess, Hall, from Nantucket.
Schr B. H. Jones, Irons, from Providence.
Schr Benj. Gartslde, Stanford, from New Haven.
Schr James Bradley, Bradley, from UarUord.
Schr J. T. Weaver, Weaver, from Boston.
Schr Village Belle, Peterson, from Cumberland.
Tug Thos. Jefferson, Allen, from Baltimore, witn a
tow of barges to W. P. Clyde A Co.
Tug G. B. Hutching, Davis, from Havre-de-Gra:e,
with a tow of barges to W. P. Clyde A Co.
Special DespateX to The Evening Telegraph.
Havkk-i-Gkace, Aug. in. The following boat
left this morning In tow;
Sanduak; and Cliatutuooga, with lumber to Taylor
A Betta.
cbaita and Bertha, with lumber to D. K. Hautz.
k Co.
Pinola, with lumber for Jersey City.
Wyoming Coal Co., with coal, for Wllmlngtao.
Ctiar.fM Hebard, with coal, for Wilmington.
John Haldemau, with lime, for Uohemii, L. 1.
MEMOKANDA.
Steamer Saxon, Sears, heuce, at Boston, .', A.
M., this morning.
Steamers MiMourl, Edwards, for Havana, and fan
Frani'wco, Webb, for Hamilton, Bermuda, chared ia
N-w Yuk yesterday.
Jtsrk Tejuca, Howell, frmu LU-ata for l'r. v;.i.