r
E(G-MAF
H
H
A
VOL. XIII NO. 117.
PHILADELPHIA, TUESDAY, MAY 17, 1870.
DOUBLE SHEET THREE CENTS.
PTF "Tl T ' "T
v
FIRST EDITION
The Garroting of Gouicouria.
Thirty Thousand Spectators.
The Solemn "White" Men.
The Dying Delaware Democracy.
A Battle of the Amazons.
A Chapter of Casualties.
fitc. Etc., Etc., Etc., Etc.
GOICOURIA'S LAST HOURS.
Ill Interview with lie Kodan-nrutnlltr of
tbe OUJeern Horrible scenes at the liarrvte.
Havana, May 11. Tho execution of General
Domingo Goieouria on last Saturday Is yet a leading
subject or conversation and discussion In this city or
JIaana, 1 have additional particulars an to nil
capture and execution that I think may not prove
uninteresting. When captured, (General Goiconria
had been on Goajaoa Key nearly five days, and moat
or the time had had nothing more than land crabs to
at, and had been without water for nearly twenty
four hours. .
He became separated from the companions who
landed upon the Key with him two days before his
capture, they having gone to search for water, and
probably were afterwards unable to find their way
hack to hlra. "When the (Spaniards landed their
troops ihey formed them Into skirmishers, and
thoroughly scoured the Key, which la about nine
miles lung, and Irotn one to three wide, has a few
trees, broken rocks, and a thick undergrowth.
Twice the skirmiBhers passed very near to General
Goieouria without seeing him, so well did
he keep himself hid, and they were preparing to
give up the search, when two sailors, who had lin
gered behind, noticed the General, he having
changed his position, believing all danger gone.
The two sailors immediately ruHlied upon him, when
he, In despair at having been seen, and knowing all
hopes of life to be over, attacked them with sticks
having lost his pistol days previously and knocked
one of them down, asking to be killed, but was in
turn knocked down and Bccnred. When over
powered he at once gave his true name and rank.
INTERVIEW WITH DB ROD AS.
You know that General Goieouria was brought
after hta capture to Puerto Principe, where he was
confronted by General ltodos. in this Interview he
stated that he knew the (Spaniards would take his
life and that he was at death's door, but he had no
regrets to express, and gloried la the thirty years
Rupport he bail given to the Cuban cause. He gave
the names or those who had landed from the open
boat with him noon the key, and added that they
were well armed, and if met would sell their lives
clearly; but he believed they had escaped to the
mainland.
- THI DECIBION OF THE COURT.
General Goieouria was not at all unnerved when
told the decision of the court, but stated that he
would have preferred being shot; but that he saw
the Spaniards were resolved to treat him with the
same cruelty they bad shown to his friends Lopez
and f into, bo he would not complain, but would meet
death In any form presented as a brave man should.
At 8 A. M. he was placed In eapilla, and furnished
with a priest, and an hour later he was removed to
Castle Principe, a diHtance of nearly two and a half
miles, and was made to walk all the way, the Span
lards, no doubt, reckoning upon breaking down the
old man, ana so cause mm to meet aeatn in a state
of physical prostration, but In this they were egre-'
KtouHly mistaken.. The General's strength and cour
age literally rose With his lucreaslng embarrass
ment. The decision of the drum-head court-martial
was known throughout Havana within an hour
after It was rendered, and long before daylight
there were several thousand people assembled
around Castle Principe and on the grounds chosen
for the execution, it 5 A.M. two nieces of Gene
ral Goieouria, the Senoritos tie More, dressed
in deep mourning, went to the castle and
had a short and last meeting with
him. Both in going to and returning from the
castle these ladies were hooted at and Insulted by
hundreds of Spanish wretches, and several times
the actual Intervention of a number of Spanish
officers, who were detailed to acoompauy the Beno
rltas, was required to save tliem from personal
maltreatment, so great was the Spanish rage against
their victim and his relatives.
AT THE GARKOTK.
At 730 A. M. General Goieouria was marched from
the castle to the place of execution, Ills hands tied
in front of him, and guarded by 800 armed volun
teers. He had about eight hundred yards to go, and
walked the whole distance with great composure,
twice on the way exchanging salutes with volunteer
officers he knew, a smile each time playing over his
features. Arrived at the garrote, he ascended the
platform nnaided and with quick steps, and turning
towards the people he endeavored to address
them, but the music of two bands and
the roll of some forty drums were at once
traccessfully employed to drown his voice.
Notwithstanding this he labored hard to have him
self heard, opening his mouth wide, gesticula
. ting with his tied hands, and with his long white
Iveard and hair, nankin pants and vest, and bottle
green colored coat, presenting an affecting specta
cle. Nothing he said was nnderstood, though
everybody thinks his closing words were, "!'
Cuba libre!" Apparently nettled at the success of
the Spaniards In preventing his words from reach
ing those for whom intended, he resigned himself
Into the hands of the garroter, and was soon de
spatched, dying without any apparent struggles.
His body was kept In the garrote until 3 P. Il.,when
It was removed and buried In the criminals' grave
yard, the authorities having refused to give it up to
his relatives. From 25,0oo to R0,00 persons wit
nessed the execution, and, beyond the mentioned
insults to tbe Senorltas de Mora, behaved through
out tolerable well. This was no doubt greatly due
to a proclamation from City Governor Roberts
urging me people to iBusacu
THE "WHITE" MEN.
They IHlncle their
t.looniy Look at
Tears at New Caaile A
the Handwriting on the
Wall.
The Wilmington Commercial continues to
make tbe Delaware "white" men a laughing
stock. We take the following from its report
of one of tbe late forlorn attempt of the De
mocracy of that section:
For some weeks a call signed by Mr. Samuel Jef
ferson, Chairman or the last County Convention of
the Democratic party for this county, ha been be
fore the people calling on all white men to meet at
New Castle on Saturday, to take measures to pre
vent tbe ascendancy of this "dreadful radical party."
la response to the call, about two hundred or two
nunarea ami uiiy BimGn-pure jjcmocraitj rid meoi
tbre. About twenty lrora trie lower end of the
Ointcame up on the morning train. Newark
hfcut a delegation of about thirty, and a brass
band. This party feeling the soiemutty or the
occasion, and seeing the grave prospect ahead,
formed themselves lute a funeral procession, Mr.
Reynolds and somebody elite ridiag ahead as preach
ers, the band-wagon representing the' hearse and
ten teams and two mounted men following it slowly
and decorously, at true funereal pace and with more
than funereal solemnity. The mid-day train from
Wilmington brought another brass band and the
remainder of the two hundred. They walked up
from the tlepot tn procession, but all of them ap
peared ainamed of the business, and, in the attempt
of so many to appear spectators, there was soon no
rr cession to look at.
Finding Oourt in session, the meeting was or
anwed on the east side of the jail, the sup or the
Uheritrs house answering as a platform for the
Hreakers.
Mr. Whiteley was called for, and made a brief
tot blustering address that awoke responsive echoes
in the market-house opposite. He spoke, he said, as
s Deuucratto politician or thirty years stauding,
and advised the Democrats to lay aside all past dif
ferences as to tariff, etc.. and ask all Republicans to
join them for tin campaign, auriug them that the
lven!a tour convert should be at good aa the
oldest party man amongst them. Mr. W hlteley de
clared ne would vote for no man who would ask a
segro to vote for him. As he grew more violent he
awaktned some excitement, au-i a man In the crow 4
cried "Give 'em ;" to which the speaker responded
"I wish I could."
' Some one here moved that the meeting adjourn,
and showed a disposition to puih his motion, though
( laptaln Barr, for whom some calls had been maae,
was seen advancing towards the stand. The Presi
dent remarking that nobody ought to be choked off,
neglected to put the question, and Joseph mounted
the steps and made a violent harangue In which
he spoke of the Congress of which the first
speaker is a part as "a disorganizing revolution
ary body that presumes to call itself the Con
press." He said but two or three amendments had
ever been submitted to the Constitution before the
radical party came In power, and It bad already pro
posed 66. Quoted, without credit, some Democrat's
history of Jamaica, made blackguard remarks, and
repeated doggerel verses about General Butler, ex
pressed violent tegret that Brooks had not killed
Charles Sumner, wished the May Flower had been
sunk In mid-ocean, and vilified the memory of
Thnddens Stevens.
The meeting adjourned with a few feeble cheers
fer the Democratic party and the white man.
BATTLE OF THE AMAZONS.
Truffle Feats ! a Herein A Female Pitched
ltattle rancnlnary Results of Jealonny.
The Nashville Union of Saturday last tells tbe
following extraordinary story:
One of the most sanguinary deeds growing ont
of jealousy, and one of the highest exhibitions
of female courage we have seen any account
of for manv a day, occurred a few days since
near the Last Tennessee line in the edge of
North Carolina, bordering on Blount county.
The account which we abbreviate from the seve
ral reports seems miraculous. The parties repre
sented are creditable and respectable.
It appears that the wife of James Davenport
became jealous of a young girl named Kate
Jackson, represented as being quite handsome
and lovable. Quarrels and contentions were
fierce and frequent between the two ladies.
On the day of the fatal collision it appears
that Miss Kate Jackson, in company with her
married sister, Mrs. DeArmand, passed the
residence of the Davenport family. As soon as
the sisters were discovered on the road the
Davenports, six in number, comprising tbe
mother, three daughters, two of them grown,
and two sons, the eldest about eighteen years
old, rallied in force, and set out in vigorous
pursuit of the defenseless sisters. The trail was
continued until the Bisters had nearly reached
the Tennessee line. Here the Davenport
brothers, by a movement, strategetically flanked
them, and presented a front armed with sticks
and stones. This caused Kate and her sister
first to halt, and then to attempt to retrace their
Bteps. But upon attempting to retreat they
were confronted by Mrs. Davenport and her
three daughters similarly armed, who demanded
Mrs. DeArmand to get out of the way, as they
intended to kill Kate. Instead of obeying this
militia order, Mrs. DeArmand made preparations
to defend her sister. Young Davenport, the
elder son, seeing this opposition to his order, at
encc let go a stone at her, which took effect on
her head, breaking her skull, and prostrating
her lifeless on the ground.
The heroic Kate was thus, at the onset of the
engagement, left to defend herself. She rallied
and maintained her line by indiscriminately
hurling upon the attacking party such flinty
missiles as came opportune to her. One of these
shots took immediate effect upon the elder
Davenport boy, slitting one side of his face
open, and placing him liors de combat. Turn-'
ing her attention then to the maternal head of
the Davenport family, she directed a stone
against her head, that inflicted a severe wound
and laid her sprawling on the field. This accom
plished, the brave girl slowly fell back to a posi
tion where she could supply herself with neces
sary ammunition. - ...
This point obtained, and being still besieged,
she asaln discharged a shot, and another ot the
Davenport boys wilted. Then the Davenport
girls rallied and made a desperate charge upon
her with clubs and stones, inflicting serious
wounds, but not succeeding in getting her down.
Just at this crisis Kate, hard pressed as she was, .
and having no time to stoop to gather rocks to
defend herself, extricated from her pocket a
small pen-knife, meaeuring abont six inches in'
the blade, and commenced an indiscriminate and
very wild and general cutting and slashing at
the combined Davenport girls surrounding her.
The result of this fearful frenzy on the part of
Kate was seriously detrimental to the well-being
of the Davenport females. Two of them re
ceived serious slashes from the weapon she
wielded, one of them drooping on the field from
loss of blood let flooding from the knife, and the
other so seriously disabled as to be a fit subject
for hospital practice.
This unexpected result contributed materially
to the withdrawal of the remaining Davenport
besieging party, who quietly removed their dis
abled from the field, leaving the heroic Kate
master of the situation. The casualties sus
tained in this engagement only amount to the
death of Mrs. DeArmand, with the probability
that tbe elder Miss Davenport will also die, and
the crippling for life of four others of the
Davenport family. Kate Jackson was less in
jured than any one engaged in the fight, and
was able to carry her dead sister home after the
battle closed.
STATE ITEMS.
Distressing Accident Trying- of a Church
Corner-Alone.
A most distressing accident occurred in
Conestoga Centre, Lancaster county, a few days
since, which resulted in the death of a little
girl, about two and a half years old, the young
est child ot Mr. Ulrich Strickler. While Mrs.
Strickler had for a few moments left the house
to go into the lot where Mr. Strickler was at
work, the washer-woman discovered the clothes
of the little girl to be on fire, and gave the
alarm, but before Mr. Strickler arrived on the
suot her clothes were nearly all burned off of
ter. He Immediately extinguished the fire, by
holding her under the spout of the pump, and
pumping water on her, but her face, arms, and
body were burned in such a terrible manner
that she died the next morning at 4 o'clock.
The corner-stone of the Wayne Independent
rresbyterian Churcn was lata witn appropriate
services on Thursday afternoon last. The
church is located on the northeast corner ef
Lancaster pike and Wayne avenue, Louella,
Kadnor township, Delaware county. It will be
built of stone, 40 by 70 feet, with a spire 108
feet high, and will seat 400 persons. A pleasant
feature of the occasion was the change of
weather at the commencement of the services
the sun shining out and .continuing clear during
the balauce of the afternoon. Tho services
were performed by the Key. Dr. John Cham
bers. An organ placed on the platform was
Berforwcd 6n by ft young lady, with singing by
it Choir ef the church.
An accident occurred at Erie on Saturday
last that resulted in the ueatn ot an accom
plished daughter of the Kev. D. M. Stever, Pre-
bidius Elder of the Erie district of the Mctho
diet Church, while driving with his family in
the vicinity of the cemetery, inree ot Mr,
Stever's children were in the carriage with him,
and while descending; Cemetery lUU, on Che
nut street, it is supposed some break in the
harness threw the buggy on the horse, which
became unmanageable. Mr. Stever and his
eldest daughter, while attempting to escape from
the carriaue, were badly injured by contact with
the moving wheels. Neither ot theui at the
time were supposed to be seriously hurt. Both
were taken to Mr. Stever's residence on Brown
street, the eirl complaining of a headache, with
pain in the temples. Mr. Stever's injuries at
the time of the accident were thought to be
more serious, and they have slnte been acutely
painful. His daughter's symptoms rapidly grew
worse, the internal injuries occasioning hemor
rhage. She died at about 10 o'clock.
John Hoover, residing within three miles
of this place, lost his life on Friday last while at
1. , a mill V,
lowing circumstances. He went to the mill
j abont U o'clock, and not coming to dinner some
' one repaired to the mill) about 1 o'clock; and
there found him corded on the bnllwhcel,
dead and mangled In the most horrible manner.
It appeared from the surroundings that the first
thing he did after he went on the mill was to
draw a log out of the pond; and in attempting
to prevent the rope from ''piling up" on the
wheel he was evidently caught by the hand and
drawn upon tbe wheel, and the rope wrapped
around blm. His legs, head, and arms were all
pounded into jelly, caused by striking the tim
bers while revolving around the wheel. The
rope had broke, but he was still held tight to
the wheel when found. Mr. Hoover was a single
man, abont thirty-five years of age. It is not
long since a death was caused at Messrs. Blg
ler's mill, near this place, through similar care
lessness. Clearfield Hepublicau.
A ROYAL LETTER. WRITER.
Prince Alfred tm Albert Edward the Mr.
dannt Divorce Baatneni The "Hex" In VI"
elans and Nhonld Not Be Written To.
The Madras Mail prints a free-and-easy letter
from Prince Alfred to Albert Edward. We make
these extracts:
"Government HOUSE, Madras, March IK, 1870.
My Dear Bertie: To-morrow I am returning to the
Ualatea. I have been more than three months In
India, and have seen a very large number of towns,
and millions of people. Chamberain has regularly
sent job the newspapers containing descriptions of
bow I have been treated, and he Is now making up
for me a very bulky book of photos which I have
asked Lady Napier to send to Windsor by the first
opportunity. 1 am very tired Indeed of all these
festivities, and shall be glad to be In my own quiet
snuggery afloat. Truly these Indians are stunning
fellows, and I can Imagine that had you and Alexan
dra came ont as Argyll suggested, yon wonld have
returned to Marlborough House sun-burnt and laden
with all kinds of souvenirs. Mayo Is an awfully good
chap, and was most kind. He trested me well with
out worrying me with over-much attention, and I
shall be so glad If something is done for htm.
"Here, to tell the truth, I am rather bored by her
ladyship coming the mother over me. Shs is very
chatty and civil and all that, but I would like her
better if she would leave me a little more alone. Bat
she says the Queen commended me to her maternal
care, and maternal care have I had, snre enough.
La Mere does not quite understand these things, ont
you do, and If you casually remind her that I am
now full-fledged, rising stx-and-twenty, and not in
need of leading-strings, I snail be much obliged.
Napier hlniself is a jolly fellow.
"Most of the fellows I meet here seem thorough
knowing. They don't cadger up to me. and that Is
what I like In a man. One fellow, a sort of secre
tary or something, gives himself great airs and
governs the Governor, whose face betokens 'any
thing for a quiet life' in his own house. Then
there's a droll dog irreverently called 'Bob,' a rather
big official, who Is full of good stories, plain and
seasoned. There are half a dozen aides-de-camp at
least, and as pleasant fellows as I have met any
where. One little fellow in a cocked hat is, indeed,
a wonderful Bight. The 'Baron's' son is a hearty
kind of youth, somewhat like friend Blandford.
And this reminds me, Bertie, of those
letters of yours to Lady M. I was dreadfully
vexed at seeing them in print, and I swore a trifle,
tou niir denenri. when I read the articles In thn
London papers about them. Confound it, can't those
papers 11 nil something else to do than bully you
abont such trifles? People think, no doubt, that it is
a tine thing to be a prince; but I think differently
when 1 see how we princes are lectured at, and mis
understood on the slightest provocation. Never
mind, dear old Bertie, the people will soon forget all
about your ui-rateu notes, or at least take tnem at
their proper worth. The Baron says that the 'sex la
vicious, and should be loved but not written to.'
"I have been wnndprfnllT well-trenteri hv thn mild
Hindoos. They have spent heaps of money and
showered addresses npon me, and Chamberlain has
replied to the latter so well that every one seems
pleased. (Jhauioerlaln and Blane are capital men,
and have been most useful. I don't know what I
should have none without them, for the. English
otllcials in India are a trifle stuck up. .
"But no more to-ciay, Bcrtte, l stian't innict long
letters upon yon often. Writing is not my forte, and
my fist, as you see, does not improve. Love to Alex
andra and the olive branches, lor whom I have got
all kinds of brocades and shawls. - .
f look forward to see you all in time for the sand--
rmguam pannages, l snail men nave nau enouiui
of vovanlnir for a year or more. The Kmperortfas-
Tbe Kraperor tfas -
' ' "
sent me a very kind invitation to CompUgneln Hnpi.
tcmber. ra nice to go, ana nave ioia mm so. rrou.
and Vic ! want me to go afterwards to Klssengen to
stay with them, and Dagmar sends word that the
Czar would ln glad to see me after my tour round
the world. Will Thyra be staying with you or with
Dagmar in the autumn? Many thanks for her por
trait, which Is charming.' Your affectionate brother,
Al.r KK V.
GENERALITIES.
The Rlchta of Railroad Traveller.
In the Supreme Court, Boston, the case of
John "VV. Coleman v. New York and New Haven
Railroad Company, was concluded by a verdict
of $3450 for plaintiff. It was an action of tort
for damages for Injuries sustained by an alleged
forcible and violent ejectment from the cars.
The plaintiff had a coupon ticket from New
Haven to New York, and offered it. for his pas
sage from New York to New Haven, andjit was
refused, the rule of the road being that such
coupons are not good except as expressed upon
their face. The plaintiff refused to pay any
other fare, and was ejected at Stamford, the de
fendants saying with no more force than was
necessary. The case has been three times tried.
At tne nrst trial a veraict ior tne piaintirr was
rendered for $3300. This the Judge set aside as
being excessive. At the second trial the jury
disagreed. Mr. Coleman, who is a Providence
gentleman, is entitled to great credit for his per
sistence under many discouragements in pushing
the inquiry whether passengers on the New York
and New Haven Railroad have any rights.
rrovioenee Journal.
Mr. Stncklon'n "Fx Unnae."
The Tribune, speaking of the production of
Mr. J. D. Stockton's comedy at Booth's Theatre
last night, tays:
Telling situations ana gooa writing maae t or.
terms Ooo e a capital play. It contrasts cool
audacity and adroit skill in swindling with
comic simplicity, easily overDorne, aiscomutea,
and made ludicrous. The current of the piece
may be briefly and clearlv defined. "Jack Gos
ling," the eccentric simpleton, on the way to be
married to a lady chouen by his father, and one
whom he has not seen for years gets drunk
and his name and identity are assumed
by a cool adventurer. Subsequently
they are confronted in the house of
the prospective bride. Entanglements ensue,
from the fact that she desires to wed a third
party, but chooses to keep up tlie deception
commenced by the swindler. We do not design
to give a particular aud minute analysis of the
plot. That would scarcely be pleasant reading.
Dictionaries are useful, but not entertaining.
All that seems needful is a hint as to the sub
stance of the plav. There are three acta in it,
and ten people. The texture of it is
smooth, graceful, witty language, weaving
together many aniuElng incidents. Mr. Clarke
personates '(iosling." The performance began
with one of those sketches of comical inebriety
for which this comedian lamous. 1111s, it is
needless to say, was received with roars of
laughter. In later scenes the actor aroused
excessive merriment by his rapid transitions of
mood, from the;aspect of earnest integrity to that
of ntter confusion, and by those indelinabiy
comical inflections of voice and curious facial
changes which make Lis acting a luxury of
enjoyment. .
Memphis is very proud over an IrUh jaunt
ing car.
The ladies are so anxious to invade male
colleges why don't they admit men to theirs?
we suggest to Mrs. oianion mv uiers fe
male College and Vassar should be thrown ODcn
to male student immediately.
Some manufacturers are trying to frighten
the revenue-reform Congressmen by holding
meetings looking to the stoppage of the manu
facture of pig iron. But the slipperiness of that
pg is pretty well mnderstood!
It is said that some ladles who are troubled
with large feet are trying to bring Dame Fashion
back to her old and baa habit of long walking
dresses. Let it be generally nnderstood that all
advocates of this step backward are physically
PEES B YTERI ANISM.
A Historical Sketch.
The Foundation and Progress of tho
! Church Elements of Discord
Introduced The Persecu
tion of Rov. Albert
Barnes-The Strife
Between the Old
School and
the New
School.
THE GREAT SCHISM OF 1838.
the nrsurjiorj or 1069.
The Causes which Brought it
AboutFive Years of Dis
cussion The Basis of Re
union Adopted Its
Terms and Condi
, t ions The Im
mense Majo-
rity in its
Favor.
THE REUNITED CHURCH.
ITS FIRST GENERAL ASSEMBLY
Preparations for the Electing
in this City-Tho Prelimi
nary. Organization and
Opening Exercises
' , The Work ' Before
It The leading;
. . ," Questions and ...
Its Probable
: ..Action.' lt-"."v
Etc., lUc Etc.. Etc., Etc.
, Thursday, May 19, is the day fixed for the
meeting in this city of the first General Assem-
by ot tne Keunuea rresoyterian Cnarch, an
event of great importance and significance, not
Lojjiy to the communion which' it more directly
1 " . - - -
concerns, Dnt to raeTIrTsTian world al larger
The First General An-nmblr ef the Reunited
Freabyterlnn C'hnrch . i
will possess an absorbing interest, not only from
the fact that for the first time in a generation
the representatives of tho Church come together
in perfect harmony and without the semblance
of discord, but also by reason of the vast
amount of labor that will be required to con'
solidate the union and reorganize all the
machinery of the denomination. , Four different
churches of this city sent invitations to the
adjourned meetings of the last Assemblies held
in Pittsburg to have the General Assembly of
this year held in them, and very appropriately
the First Presbyterian Church, at the corner of
Seventh street and South Washington Square,
which figuered so conspicuously in the disrup
tion, was selected. The adjourned meetings of
the two Assemblies, at which the union was con
summated, were held in Pittsburg, because, as
the charters of both bodies were derived from the
Legislature of Pennsylvania, it was deemed ex
pedient to have the reunion take place within
the same political ' jurisdiction, and the same
argument had due weight in causing Philadel
phia to be selected for the meeting of the first
General Assembly nnder the reunion.
The sixth and concluding article of the basis
of reunion, which will be found in full below,
provides that each presbytery of the separate
Churches shall be entitled to the same represen
tatlon in the Assembly of the United Church in
1870 as it is entitled to in the Assembly with
which it is now connected." As the last "Old
School" Assembly alone numbered about three
hundred members, and the "New School" about
two hundred and forty, the first Assembly of the
reunited Church will prove a rather nnwieldy
body. Heretofore the two Assemblies have on'
Bisted of one clerical and one lay delegate U6U'
ally a Ruling Elder from each Presbytery
represented, and of an additional clerical and
lay delegate from each Presbytery comprising
more than twenty-four churches. Practically,
however, the attendance of lay Delegates was
seldom or never equal to that of ministers, but
the total number of late has been about the
same as last year. This ratio will have to be
raised, and it U probable that after the session
of the approaching Assembly the extra dele
gates or "cemmlssloncrs, as they are called
will be allowed only to such Presbyteries as in
clude more than thirty-six churches, thus re
ducing the total membership of the Assembly by
ahout one-third.'
Tbe Philadelphia Delegates. .
The five Presbyteries into which this city and
the immediately surrounding territory are
divided are entitled to eleven ministerial and
the same number of lay delegates. The names
of these delegates are as follows:
J'Hll.iDKI rUU TBTtsiBVlKRV (OI.U WI100I.). f
iiiit'Wor.. Muling tlid-r; , '
rev. K. K Beatlle, P. 1. ! fleorjre- Junkln, !
i:ev. W. V. Breed, 11. U. I J. T. Thomas,
rHIliDILI-BU CENTRAL ritZSBYTEKr (OLD SCHOOL).
Kev.ti.W.Muftgrave, D.D. j Hon. James Poilock,
Kev. 1. A Cunningham. I lion. J. Boss Snowden.
rHILAPLlHU fICOKD PRtsBYTEB Y (OLD SCHOOL).
Kev. M. ti. IUlHten. D.L. O. R. Fox,
Kev. Thomas Murphy, Kobert Cornelius.
PHlLADIIPHli THIRD PRESBYTERY (NEW SCHOOL).
Rev O. F. Wiswcll, D. D. I Hon. William Strong,
Kev. Charles Brown. Hon. Joseph Allison.
PHILADELPHIA FOURTH PRESBYTERY (NEW BOUOOL).
Rev. James Y. Mitchell, I General E. VL Gregory,
Kev. James Wwod. J. UMerburn.
Drs. Musgrave and Wiswell have been two of
the most prominent advocates of reunion, and
the former, as will be seen below, stands at the
bead of the "Old School" branches of two of the
most important joint committees to report at
the approaching Assembly. . I
TheOpenlnc Bxeretnenana Preliminary Orca
According to the "Plan of Reunion," the
Rev. Philemon H Fowler, D.D., of Utlca, New
York, the late Moderator of the "New School
Assembly, will preach the opening sermon; while
be, jointly with the Rev. M. W. Jacobus, D.D.,
of Allegheny City, Pa., the late Moderator of the
"Old School" Assembly, will preside until the
selection of a new Moderator, the latter putting
the Totes and deciding the qnestions of order
that may arise. Until the Assembly elects a
stated clerk or clerks, the similar officers of the
Assemblies of last year will act in that capacity.
They are the Rev. Alexander T. McGIll, D.D.,
ef the Theological Seminary at Princeton, N.
J., of the "Old 8chool," and the Rev. Edwin .
Hatfield, D.D., of New York city.
The Work Before the General Assembly
The various subjects touched npon in the
"Concurrent Declarations" referred to below
will all come np for consideration, and will
occasion protracted and anxious, bnt, it is to ke
hoped, entirely harmonious discussion. A
number of joint committees were also ap
pointed previous to the adjournment in Pitts
burg, from whom reports are to be submitted at
the approaching General Assembly. These
committees are constituted as follows:
ON RECONSTRUCTION OF THE CHURCH.
' Old School Revs. G. W. Musirrave, I. P., Charles
C. Bcatty, D. 1)., and Cyrus Dickson, D. 1). ; Elders
Henry Day and w. M. Francis.
A School. Revs. 8. W. Fisher, D. D., LL. D.,
Robert W. Fatternon, D. D., anl Kdwln F. llatfleld,
D. D. ; Elders A. M. Wing and Joseph F. Tuttle.
i ' ON POREION MI8SION8.
' Old School Revs. John C. LOwrle, D. P., William
1LM Tax Tl 11 n .1 1 T.1 4J i 1 . T." .1 T 1
John B. Skinner and Judge Martin Ryerson.
Aeic school. Kcvn. iienry a. rseison, i. u., i.
Rnssell Booth, D. P., and F. A. Noble; Klders Judge
J oseph Allison and Scarrltt.
ON DOMESTIC MISSIONS.
Old School Revs. Oeorire W. Muscrrave. P. P..
'P. A. Cunningham, D. Mc Kinney, D. D., and J. T.
iiacKUB, i. u. ; iuaer it. i. uregory.
Sew School Revs. William Adams, P. P., Henry
Kendall. D. P., and Arthur Mitchell ; Elders Judge
Henry W. Williams, LL. P., and lion. Jacob S.
Farrand. ,( - . ...
ON PUBLICATIONS.
Old School Revs. N. W. Bchenck, P. P., W. P.
Breed, P. P., and K. R. Craven, D. P. ; Elders Hon.
J. T. Nixon and George Junkln.
Aeu School Revs. Z. M. Humphrey, P. P., .T. O.
Butler. P.P.. and John W. Dulles: Elders J. R.
Brown and Hon. J. L. Knight. .
i , ON EDUCATION.
Old Scltool Revs. W. Speer, P. I)., 8. J. Nichols,
P. V., S. C. Logan, and George Hill; Elder Judge
R. 8. Kennedy. ... ,
Aev School Reva. James P. Wilson. D. D.. John
,G. Attcrbnry, P. D., and K. P. Morris, D. D. ; Elders
! A. W. Whilldin and Truman P. Handy.
" " ' ON CHURCH EXTENSION. ' 1 '
Old School Revs. IT. R. Wilson, IX P., Osoar A.
Hills, and A. A. E. Taylor; Elders J. (J. Havens and
Jesse L. Williams. .
Ato SchoolRevs. George W. Lane F. F. Ellin-
wood, D. P., and O. H. Taylor, P. D. ; Elders O. U.
Lee ana Samuel T. Bodlue. ... , , t
ON FREEDHEN. . ' "
Old Schoou Revs. A. C McClelland, E.' C. Swift,
and A. McLean: Elders William McArtur. Sr.. and
. a, .a. crown. ..... , , .
Hatfield, P. P., and Herrink Johnson, O. P; Elders
William lhaw and J.. W. Edwards. : -' .. , t , . ,,
., ,r, ON RAISING FUNDS. . ,,,. .
. OUl School Revs. John Hall. P. P.. and C. K. Iin.
brie, D. P. ; Elders W. S. Oilman, R. McKelgn, and
j. u. vermin ye. i i . .
Hew School Key. Jonathan F.. Stearns. ' P. D.
Kev. Dr. Goodrich, and Kev. Pr. nawlev: Elders
- HOH. wttiiam b. ikxijt ana jmig wuuaai-StMHujr.
' The last-named committee was appointed to
take into consideration the 'subject oL raising'
funds for the nse of the United Church, and the
best methods of doing the same, and the objects
to which the same should be directed. .
The Recenatrnctlon ( the Boundaries. '
One of the most important questions to arise
will be that affecting the boundaries of the dif
ferent 8ynods and Presbyteries, which, by the
third article of the "Concurrent Declarations,"
is left to the General Assembly. The boundaries
of the Synods and Presbyteries will have to be
entirely rearranged, as many are embraced
within identical, or nearly identical, limits
in the two branches. Thus the New School
Synod of New York and New Jersey Is upon the
same ground, mainly, with the two Old School
Synods, one of New York and the other of New
Jersey. The Presbyteries of Brooklyn and of
Long Island, New School, have the same loca
tion with the Old School Presbytery of Long
Island, and so on throughout the Church. This
rearrangement of boundaries will be of special
importance to the Western Synods and ' Presby
teries. '' At a meeting held in this city on the 16th of
March by the joint committee on the recon
struction of the Church, a proposition was
adopted providing for the rearrangement of the
synods of Pennsylvania into three the Synods
ot Philadelphia, Harrisburg, and Pittsburg by
name.' The first named will extend from the
eastern and southern boundaries of the State to
the Blue Ridge on the north and the Susque
hanna on the west. This will embrace about 215
ministers, 1G3 churches; and upwards of 80,000
members. The Synod of Harrisburg, which
will embrace the balance of the State north and
west of the Allegheny ridge, has 200 ministers,
253 churches, and upwards of 26,000 members.
The Synod of Pittsburg, embracing all of Penn
sylvania and West Virginia west of the Alle
gheny ridge, numbers 280 ministers, S50
churches, aud nearly 45,000 members.
The Haru-.only.lac el Kulea and Precedent.
Another important subject which may be ex
pected to come up incidentally will be the re
conciliation of the rules and precedents esta
blished by one enly of the two former Assem
blies during the period of separation. The fourth
article of the "Concurrent Declarations" of the
last Assemblies provides that "no rule or pre
cedent which does not etaud approved by both
the bodies should be of auy authority uutll re
established in the uuited body, except In so far
as such rule or precedent may affect the rights
of property founded thereon." There are,
of course, a great number of these
among 'them the follow ing: -The Old School
decided, n 1843, that marriage with a
deceased wife's sister was scriptural. This has
never been a subject of New School action, and
the reunion will therefore receive that consider
able majority of Old School people who have
long since ceased to believe in this doctrine.
Roman Catholic baptism was declared invalid
by the Old School Asiembly in 1845; an indefi
nite postponement of the subject in the New
School in 1854 will leave this undecided in the
united body. The Old School condemned the
practice of sitting in time of public prayer, and
the reading of sermons in church by laymen in
the absence of clergymen, in 1849, both of which
are common usages never discountenanced in
the New School. The action of the Old School
Amenably la 18 by which the churches ad
hering to the Rebellion, were cut off from the
Church, may possibly be declared invalid, as it .
bad no counterpart In New School action; and i
this action will effectually open the door for tbe
return of those churches, if they should manl-
fest a disposition to do so.
The ReneBstrtactlea ef the Charitable Boartfo. ,
But perhaps the most important and difficult task
which will engross the attention of the Assembly ,
will be the reorganization of the different agen- ,
cles through which the Church prosecutes her .
labors outside of the pulpit, . Her various board
and committees having charge of the mission ,
ary, educational, and other benevolent work,
will reqnlre adaptation to the new state of
affairs. These are identical in number and
purpose in both of the former branches, the only
difference being in their titles, the "Old School"
branch having called their agencies boards, ,
while by the "New School" they, were styled ,
permanent committees. The various boards and
committees have charge severally of the follow
ing subjects:
Foreign Missions; Home Missions; Freedmen; !
Education for the Ministry; Church Erection
(N. 8.), or Extension (O. 8.); Publication; and
Ministerial Relief (N. S.), or Disabled Ministers'.'
(O. S.) Fund. ,
The "New School" branch made their contrl-.
butions to the foreign missionary work, through
their committee, to the American Board of
Commissioners for Foreign Missions, a corpora
tion composed chiefly of Congregationalists;
but it is probable that the united Church will
withdraw formally from, this connection, still,
however, leaving churches at liberty, as hitherto,
to contribute their contributions to the Ameri
can Board, though desiring them to do other- ,
wise, and endeavor to. make the present "Old
School" Board the chief channel of Presbyte
rian aid to Foreign Missions. .
In the field of domestic missions, it is proba
ble that the preference will be given to the
"New School" Committee. .Two Secretaries,
however, will.be' needed for such a large field
of labor. " The Rev. Henry Kendall, D. D., is at
present the "New School," and the Rev. George
WvMusgrove, D. D., the "Old" School" Secre
tary.. The Joint Committee of the two last Assem
blies having charge of the subject of Church
Extension recently held a meeting In Cincinnati,
at which it was resolved to recommend that the
special charter enjoyed by the New School
Church shall bo taken advantage of, and that
the new board shall consist of twenty-one mem
bers, six to.be taken from the Northwest. The
present "Old School" Board is located at 8t.
Louis, while the "New School" Committee has
its headquarters in New York, as have all the
other agencies of this branch, except that of
Publication,' which is located In this city.
.' The Publication agencies of both branches are
located in Philadelphia, that of, the "Old School'
at No. 821 Chesnut street, and that of the ' 'New
School',' at No. 1330 Chesnut street. It has been
proposed to dispose of the former establishment
and apply the money derived, from the sale of
the building to the support , of the latter, with
the possible establishment of a branch Publica
tion House in New York city. ;
It is Impossible, In this connection, to glance
at all the subjects which will come np before
the Assembly for their action, but those we have
noted will be among the more prominent and
absorbing.'11 " w
j ' m
A JIISTOIilCAL SKETCH.
As the General Assembly which meets ou
Thursday Is the first of the reunited Church, it
becomes opportune to glance, at the history of
the denomination, the causes which ' led to the
great schism of 1838, and the means whereby
the reunion, a generation later, was brought
about. ..
The Presbyterian Form ol Church ttevern
uient. Properly speaking, the Presbyterian Church Is
that division of the Church Militant which, in
its polity, holds to the equality of all ministers
or "Presbyters," and rejects all prelates, nnder
the authority of a government constituted' like
that of the United States; and, in doctrine, to
the theological system known as Reformed, Cal
vinistic, or Angustinian. Presbyterianism tbns
opposes tbe polity which (as In Roman
Catholic, Methodist Episcopal, and Protestant
Episcopal Churches) makes three orders in the
ministry, and also that which, as in the case of
the Baptists, Congregationalists, and Unitarians,
allows no higher authority over any church
society than its own members and officers; while
on doctrinal points it is arrayed against the
Arntinian school of theology. ,
.The name is derived from the Greek word
prtabuteros, an elder, which expresses the sys
tem of church government by presbyteries or
associations of teaching and ruling elders. The
Presbytery or association of ministers (elders)
is tbe leading judiciary. The whole care of the
flock is committed to teaching elders and rnling
elders. . The two classes of elders are of equal
authority In all ecclesiastical bodies. A series
of judications rising one above another secures
to each church the watch and care of its appro
priate judicatories, and to the whole body an effi
cient system of review and control. Though
there may be much diversity in the names of
the several judicatories, as well as in the mi
nuter details of anangement, yet any church
embodying the above principles is strictly a
Presbyterian church.
Presbyterians believe that the representative
system of church government, in opposition- to
that which Is conducted by tbe entire ecclesi
astical population, has its germ in the Old Tes
tament, inasmuch as the children of Israel bad
wise and able men" set over them who were
styled elders. This was known to have been a
distinctive feature of the synagogue system up
to the time of the Saviour's advent. The first
converts to Christianity being all Jews, it was
natural ior tnem to aaopi uie same representa
tive system. We accordingly read in the New
Testament of "elders being ordained in every
church." , ,
The Mother I'hurrli.
The Church of Scotland, which was the
Mother Church of the Presbyterian Church iu
tbe United States, may be said to have bad Us
remote origin in tbe first introduction of tbe
principles of the Reformation into that country
abont 1527. When Charles I. with a view of
assimilating the two Churches of England and
Scotland, determined to introduce a liturgy
which in Scotland bad been disused tiuce the
reformation, together with a set of canons abol-
lhhimr thn control over ecclesiastical inp'i .11 pa.
vn wn nail nn Kmri1! fa in 1 1 . lnramn. . t i
inaicatories, no ws met, witn a prorata oodoai
tion ty tne peopie. me aissatisned ent?'