I
THE D AILYEVENIN G TELEQRPIIPII.IL ADEL?II A, FRIDAY, .JNOVEMBER 19, 18G9,
INTERNATIONAL COINAGE.
The following trannlation of
a very in-
Heresting and val'iuMe paper on
j0Dl Coinage," in the 'Prniwian Annals,"
Volume 24, as from the pon of Mr. Eugene
Vorthnmb.
It will appear, from a pnrusal of this able
nd instructive dirHMiimtion of the subject,
bat decided preference ver all others is
;iven to the plan proposed in the bill pre-
onteu at the last session of Congress by our
cllow-citizen, Judge Kelley.
The defects of the "French System," so
ailed, are indicated with great clearness,
nd it will take all the ingenuity of Mr. Sam-
1 1 , , . M.
ioi nuggies, laie commissioner troin the
il'nited States to the International Coinage
Convention hold at Paris, to defend his pet
theory against the vigorous assaults of his
Prussian adversary. Indeed, a careful exami
nation and frank consideration of the argu
ments presented in favor of the various plans
that have boenproposod, seom to lead i lie vi
tal ilv to the cnnclnnion avrivAil of lw fr
JNortliumb, viz.: "That the simple require-
meuts of Mr. Kelley's bill would secure the
introduction of an international coinage in
the easiest and most practicable wav nos-
.sible:"
The question of international coinage has
occupied a good deal of attention of late,
specially in Germany, where it was the sub
ect of discission in the Assembly ( June 13.
and in the Duties Tarliament (June 21,
IMI'.M, and there seems to be some dancror of
the adoption of a convention on the part of
kjermany, concluded December 211, 1805,
between 1' ranee, Italy, lielgium, and Switzer
land, for a term of fifteen years, which has
been joined by Greece, and most likely will
be by Spain also. In the United States the
bill presented during the last session by Mr.
heney, oi I'onnsyivama, nas brought the sub
ject prominently before the publio, and it is
to be regretted that action could not then
have been taken, because the adoptioa of Mr.
Kelley's plan by Congress would have been
influential in delaying foreign governments
from attempting the establishment of an in
ternational coinage on the basis of the gold
franc, which could only prove a failure.
A system of coinage claiming universality
should rest on the gold standard exclusively.
'This is no longer contradicted, sinoe France
is about to introduce this single standard, by
which one defect in her money system will be
removed. The last French Committee on
Coinage, report of March !, recommended
decidedly the abolition of a double standard,
a limitation in the coinage of 5 franc silver
pieces on private account, and a restriction
of their legal circulation and to francs in
any payment. Belgium, Switzerland, and
Italy have always been opposed to a double
standard, and its discontinuance will be of
momentous importance for those States
which maintain only the silver standard. As
una as one could have coined in Paris, of 10
Jkilogr. silver (9-10 fine), 1985 francs, and of
10 kilogr. gold 30922 T)0 francs, after deduct
ing the charges for coining, and while several
millions of well-preserved 20-franc pieces
were yet in circulation in France, the price of
silver coma not fall much below GOgd per
itince standard (value of gold to silver, 1 to
6 GO). How much the value of silver must
ill, if France and other countries adopt the
-ingle gold standard, cannot be foreseen,
bough it has been estimated at 25 to 30 per
tent.
Before entering farther on the other essen
tial qualities of international coinage it may
,lx well to advanoe a few observations,
i A coin is a disk ( disque) of gold or
direr, the full weight of which is guaranteed
lj the State, and which has an addition of
wpper, likewise guaranteed, xor tne oeiier
;totection of the gold or silver against ex
ternal influences. Such is the fundamental
ilea, inherited by all nations from their in
tacy. The side of Abraham, the talent, the
frachma of the Greek, the as of the Roman,
ie livre of Charlemagne, the pound of Wil
kin the Conqueror, were at the same time
mit of weight and unit of money. Daring
lie barbarism of the Middle Ages, when kings
lisDOsed arbitrarily of the property of their
subjects, the opinion gained ground that
Ilmnnnv nhmild Th nnlv a. renresentation or
ttoken of value: it was then thought sufficient
that a prince need only imprint on a coin any
mlue he pleased, to give it such value in
tality; the weight of the silver was no longer
wiBidered. How much evil resulted from
Ms maxim, how much counterfeiting became
amnion among all nations, is well Known;
lv the Chinese, who for nearly three thou-
' Ind years have preserved the same unit of
loney, a certain weight of fine silver, pro-
, letea tnemseives against it.
1 For many years the thought of giving to all
1 ations a common coin has been manifest,
nt its realization was sought in trifling
ays, looked upon by all thoughtful men as
tooorarv relief only, and a precarious mea-
Ire besides. England and Franoe had ori-
Lfcally the same unit of money, the pound
i liver, divided into 20 shillings or sous, at 12
nee ar demers. in tne xormer country tne
Abasement of money by the ruler terminated
faring the time of Elizabeth, and its pound
fell to one-third only of its primary value,
while in the latter country it ended only with
lha fall of royalty itself, and its livre tour-
nois fell to 1-76 of its original value. Eng
land, as early as the sixteenth century,
dmiiuAil from the silver to the double stan
,dud, and in 1717, in fact, in 1810 bylaw
tlso, to the exclusive gold standard; thus .it
irrivBH at the -oresent sovereign of 1809
pieces per 40 Troy pound of standard gold,
li.i -J fin or of 7-32:25 grammes of fine gold.
France, in 1795, found its livre debased to
nearly 4 J grammes of silver; it adopted this
weight as a new unit of money, and in 18011
permitted , the coinage of gold pieces of
900-155 grammes of gold, designating their
vain of. francs. By this, against the in
tent of the legislature, the double standard
tas introduced; about 18." France adopted
J,f.t nincle cold standard, and seems
n. noau to the last period in the history
of coinage the establishment of the gold
tha basis of the gold franc
w w w thin cold frano ? It deserves first
nt being too small for coinage,
and Hta only in pieces of five. Its weight
is 0-'2M)3225S0G...plus an infinitesimal de
Aunal fraction of fine gold (900 grammes
ld - 3100 francs); but such weight is
lind neither in the metrio nor in any other
f th world: the 5. 10. and 20 frano
, nt. at all weighable. Conse
iwntly this coin does not satisfy the demand
M being of a guaranteed weight, which every
1 e as long as it has not lost its weight,
I knJ,M v Vmind to accept in payment. It
i. i . ii i iA vAnAimnunil iiti n-dnniinn
'Ouiu be uiogicai w - t
to nttiov
' TIia Domment of Belgium, by its repre-
tii a.atA in the international con
fer,,.,, V .arrn in Paris (seumon of June
17, 1G7): "Belgium would prefer that tne
conference adopt an entirely ne-ar System ',6f i
coinage, would establish principles and not
E radical expedients. Nothing durable could
e ereated by the latter and only fresh diffi
culties for the future. A common system of
coinage can be reached only on a primary
unalterable basis; if resting on a unit of 5 or
10 grammes it would possess the immeasurar
bio advantage that all nations could adopt it
without exciting national Bensibilitiea. True,
it would require the discontinuance of exist
ing coins, but a rational, definite system
would be created, which would stand un
changeable." The representative of Belgium
added to this, that, in his opinion, no true 5,
10, or 20 francs existed, since they were not
amenable to metric weight. But the confe
rence did not enter on this proposition, and
Belgium, too small to introduce a new. coin
age, and not able to prevent the influx of
French gold, yielded; still, after-the expira
tion of the treaty with France, it would be in
clined to join in a rational system of coins, if
such exists.
M. Chevalier expresses hiuisolf in a simi
lar manner; his authority iu matters of coin
age is so great in France and elsewhere that
his opinion deserves a place. In a letter to
the Jmtrnul des Debats of June 20, 18G7, he
gives an elaborate history of the gold franc,
and concludes thus: "We have a right to ask
whether the 20-franc piece possesses those
qualities which render it worthy of adoption
by other nations. The metrical system is at
present in general favor, and will finally dis
place all others: but the very misfortune in
our gold is to be without the pale of metric
weight. The 20-franc pieco weighs G't.MGl....
grammes plus a decimal fraction, and is as
"baroque" as the sovereign, the dollar, or
any other coin. The English have just as
much right to propose the sovereign as an
international coin, or the Spaniards their
doubloon. In honor of the metric system we
should bring a sacrifice to other nations by
giving up our present coinage. That would
be preaching by example, and no predication
could be more effective. M. E. de l'arien,
Vice-President of the State Council, shares
this opinion. See Journal des Ecotiomistes,
June, 18G7.
From all this it appears that, in the eyes of
those who know the French system of coins
is not faultless, and before adopting the same,
it is well worth while to inquire whether or
not a new national plan can satisfy all just
demands. The so-called "Latin Coinage
Union" is a considerable fact: the idea of
travelling through seven States, with eighty
six millions of inhabitants, without calling at
exchange offices, is very pleasant. Still, the
United Mat en should well prove the plan tro-
posed by Mr. Kelley, and if convinced of its
entire practicability, take the lead in the re
form at an early day, even if, for a time, a
"Saxon Coinage Union" should stand side by
side with the Latin.
In saying this, it is proper to ask whether
the English would give up their sovereign to
attain tins uesirabie object. Tae sovereign
has many advantages over the Napoleon d'or.
Ay its imer composition (,11-iz against '.I-IUJ
it resists much better the effect of circula
tion. The gold, in a fluid state, separates
from the copper much easier in a mixture of
9 to 1, than in that of 11 to 1, and an exact
stanuara is better preserved. The expense of
coining is less, because less copper is used.
With an equal value it weighs about 3 roer
cent, less, and is thus of easier transporta
tion. Finally, Great Britain maintains its
standard. .,
As early as 1GG3 the Troy pound of standard
gold was coined into 44 guineas; since 181G
it mokes W 14s. (d. sterling; 40 Trov pounds
thus give 1780 guineas or 1809 sovereigns,
and 21 sovereigns are exactly equal to 20
guineas. As the sovereign has 20 and the
guinea 21 shillings, this is only an inverted
manner of counting. England at the proper
time has nndergone great sacrifices to main
tain its standard. Before the time of William
III all silver coins in circulation had gradu
ally sunk to one-half their original value.
When new coins of full weight were coined
or exported, there were but two ways
possible either to reduce the standard
one-half, or to take in all lighter
coins at the expense of the State. Thanks
to the efforts of Newton, Locke, llamsteed,
and Montagne, the latter view prevailed in
Parliament, which resolved, in 1G95, with 225
against 114 votes, to re-establish the standard
of Elizabeth s reign. At a time when other
nations of Europe had a most barbarous
money, England spent 2,700,000 sterling to
redeem base coins. A second example was
given to the civilized world in 1810, when the
forced currency of bonk notes was to be
ended. Instead of coining the sovereign, as
was proposed, of equal value with the de
based paper currency, its full weight was re
stored, and all loans made in the latter, which
had fallen 70 per cent., were redeemed in
sovereigns of full value, bach a history natu
rally makes England nroud of the sovereign,
- i . ... ... v
France, in 1795, adopted the existing value
of the livre tournois as unit of money, and a
decree of 1810 prescribed that all coins below
the legal value should be drawn in by the
treasury. The habit of the French to ascribe
a higher value to coin is so deeply rooted that
article 1895 of the Code Napoleon foresees
the possibility of such a measure.
In civilized states tne law tends to tiie pre
nervation of the standard of coinage. In
England every sovereign which by use has
fallen from 123 grains to 122i. or lost 0OOG3
parts, when paid into a public bank, is cut in
two and returned to the person who delivered
the same. In practice tins is done by the
Bank of England and its branches. After
ascertaining the value of the amount by
weighing the total, each sovereign is tested
on a specially constructed scale, and if found
too light it goes to the mint. From the pub
lic it is received only at the real value of
i'3 17s. 9d. per pound Troy.
in Germany also the laws lor preserving
the standard are very strict. Every State, by
treaty of January 24, 1857, is obliged to send
to tne mint all coins that have lost 2 per cent,
in one thaler pieces and 1 J per cent, in two
thaler pieces, but to receive then as of f uU
value. In Austria no such regulations have
been enacted. Under the Latin Coinage
Union the States refuse to receive gold pieces
of 0005 part less than their full value, and
this rule alone must destine the entire system
to destruction. To avoid a crisis, sooner or
later, from the circulation of debased coin,
they now propose in England to redeem it
again at the expense of the State, which, with
a circulation of X'80,000,000, and a new coin
age of 4,000,000 annually, would cost 17 per
million. Such a measure might, however,
induce an artificial debasing of gold, and for
other reasons would hardly be practicable
with international gold coins. The report of
the master of the English Mint shows that
the coin in circulation loses per year X;)5,(M0
from usage, which is 4375 per million.
The French coin is in a worse condition.
In a number of the Rwue Contemjwraine of
January 81, ,1809, we find: "We call atten
tion to the faot that in all coinage operations
in consequence of tolerance, fineness is taken
at only 899-1000, thus oounting 1000 francs in
6-frano silver pieces as 4972 to 4975 grammes,
instead of kilogrammes. Then louo new-
coined francs contained only 99440 franoa
ailver, a difference of 5T0 per millo. The
French administration of finances makes no
aecretofthis "faiblage," and every year the
"Compte-General de l'Administration des
Finances" demonstrates tho gain result
ing to the State, which in 1803 was 104,380
from 210,000,000 coined. - In his re
port of October 25, 1807, the United States
Secretary of the Treasury announces that the
fineness of French gold coins changes to 8985
and 8998, and the average for several years
was only 8932. The French Government
(see Mimitcur of November 20, 180G) excuses
this by the impossibility of keeping tho exact
standard; but it is strange that they always
remain bdw the normal standard. In Eng
land the deviation is only a two-millionth
part; in Prussia all lately coined thalers con
tain 9001-10000, and in, 1807, when large
sums were coined, tho difference from the
normal amount was only thalers in 31 J
millions. There are no legal Napoleons of
lull weight in existence.
Tho system proposed by Mr. Kelley iu tho
United States llouso of Representatives, ns
illustrated further in a memorandum pub
lished by E. B. Elliott, Esrj., of the Treasury
Department, contemplates international coins
on the metrical basis of a unit of weight, tho
gramme. A perfect identity of coinage
among nil nations is impossible, as the only
end that can be reached is, that all should
bring their coinago into simple relations with
this unit of weight. If England and France
would alter their coin but very little these
simple relations would obtain: 20 dollars
100 francs:t'4 sterling3 German Union
crowns5 Russian half imperials 30 gram
mes of fine gold. At present
20 dollars300932 grammes of fine gold.
100 froncs29-03225S " .
ster.2929 "
5 half impeiials30 "
3 Union crowns30 " "
Under this act all coins of gold and silver
should be 9-10 fine. Tho silver dollar225
grammes fine, to be legal tender in payments
not above 10 dollars, and would be exactly
equal to the French 5 frano silveif piece, the
only actual legal coin of France.
Englnnd would have to increase the fine
gold of the sovereign from 73225 to 750
grammes. There seems to be no disposition '
as yet in Great Britain to do this until the
advantages of the new system are established.
All that is necessary, however, is a law in the
countries interested permitting the coinage
of at least one of the proposed pieces, and
decreeing their ready acceptation in the pub
lio banks, together with the present coins.
Still we think that the nimple requirements of
Mr. K lley's bill would secure the in troduction
of an international coinafe in the easiest and
most practicable way possible.
FRANCE.
Court Gossip The Emperor Artnnlly Writes fain
ADUicaiion Tne (.rent uaclllst.
Paris, November 6. All 8aints' Day was to the
end as quiet as I Informed you Its commencement
was. The editors of La Reforms brayed on Bandtn's
grave, and placed an Immense wreath of yellow
amaranths on It. Cavaignac'a grave was covered
with the same tloral tributes addressed rather to
Godefroy Cavalgnac, the writer on Le Xational, than
to Eugene Cavalgnac, the general. Strange to say,
aiarrast s grave oia not receive a single visitor, al
though he was for years the life and soul of - Aa-
fna7and of the Republican party. Not twenty
peopie visiiea rrouunou s grave, in fliont rarnasse
ueinetery. mere was not a new crown on ueran-
ger's. 1 'oil t leal idols come and go out of fashion like
crinolines and pagoda sleeves.
count ae iseuumout continues to "pink" nis visit-
lnir ust. tie. dv tne wav. is a crauuson or uunavtrer.
the famous surgeon, who left his million or million
ana a nair or golden dollars to nis only daugntcr.
Count de Beaumont's last antagonist Is Count de
Fitzjames, a young naval oillcer, who was severely
wounaeu oy count ue iieaumont. Tne latter nas
duels set down for every other day this week. I am
told he Is not considered by the expert fencers to be
particularly skiirui witn tne sword, ana it is ex
Dected he may yvt meet his match. The laughers
are making great aport of Priuue de Hetternlch for
writing sucn letters to any woman ne oeiug a uipio
matlst, and trained to use words to conceal thoughts !
as would give her husband warrant to send a chal
lenge, mere is a mania ror aueis nere no nr. .very
other man you meet has his "ailalr'' for to-morrow
afternoon. Duellists have made this step towards
good sense: instead of the former morning meeting
about sunrise just when a nervous fellow, thinking
too much of earth's last night for sleep, was fall
ing m o a doze the rendezvous is in tne arternoon,
winch gives one time ior a gooa oreaxian (doc
tors object to a lunch on so fraught a day) and an
hour with one's fencing master, which puts one
into excellent lighting trim, especially If the master
nas tne good sense to make one take tne lesson witn
heavy duelling swords made innocuous oy buttons.
We have had two serious duels (besides that above
mentioned) during the last few days. One was be
tween an architect and an oillcer of. the stall of the
National Guards. They fought with small swords at
Vlnceuncs. The day was so extremely Inclement
that it was impossible to fight out of doors. They
selected one or tnoso rustic sneus ouut ior prome-
uaders overtaken by foul weather, and fought
In It, The architect, after the conflict
had lasted some twenty minutes, gave
so vigorous and adroit a lunge as to pierce nis ad
versary's breast through and through. Strange to
say, although the sword grazed fie heart and right
lung, it Inflicted no wound upon either of them.
The unhappy man shrieked and fell Insensible from
the nervous shock, and lay for some time upon the
ground to all appearance dead, lie is now doluj
quite well. One duel terminated fatally. It was
fought between two captains of a hussar regiment.
Angry words had raised their animosity to so high
a pitch that they agreed to fight with foils instead of
sworas. Tne iormer are consiuereu tne most dan
gerous weapon that can be selected. Their quad
rangular shape makes the wound close as they are
withdrawn, and no bleeding supervenes to relieve
the local tnilammatlon. The hemorrhage Is all
internal. The wounds they Inflict are, therefore,
considered fatal. This duel was fougtit in tne regi
mental riding-school. Each adversary had received
tl.rce wounds. The seconds (like the principals, cap
tains) Interfered, and proposed the cessation of the
combat. One of the adversaries cried, "No I no ! we
fight till death!" The next second his opponent ran
the foil through his heart, and he fell a corpse. No
--'wi mt A i Ti i ci vwvt iimn on Innuli-B r 1 1 1 ha tinl-l tnnuli
ng the survivor's conduct, for no duel can take
Clace In the French army, until after permission has
een applied for and granted by the colonel of the
regiment.
We are told that the French Emperor has conveyed
to Prince Murat the expression of his utmost dis
pleasure at bis recent disreputable conduct In as
saulting a gentleman, and then croucning benind
the immunity granted his position. The public
reouire more substantial BatiBraction.
It is positively asserted to be the truth that the
French Emperor weut so far In his determination to
abdicate, during his last severe Illness, as actually to
write his abdication, and to sign the decree convok
ing the Senate to have it recorded. It was owing
soieiy to M. jtouiier s energetic intiuence tnat nis
Majesty abandoned this design. Cvr. A. 1 , n orlil,
TOST OFFICE FRAUDS.
Flmt Foreshadowing of the Postmaster-lieae
i rml'n Report the ialft Enterprise Mwlndler
lo be Checkmated by Conaresa.
in his next report to Congress the PoBtmaster
General will recommend additional legislation on
tne subject or preventing tne use or tne mans oy the
proprietors of notorious swindling enterprises. He
has already submitted the subject for the considera
tion of the tAttorney-General, and that oillcer has
given an eiaDorate opinion, in wnicn ho snows that
any Postmaster, or even the Postmaster-General
himself, acting under the law as it stands, would lie
liable In a suit for damages who detained letters
directed to legitimate names, even though be knew
thut the persons to whom the letters were addressed
were tne veriest swinuiers in tne country.
It Is proposed to get over the existing difficulties
by having additional Congressional legislation on
the subject, which will enable the Postmaster-General
to embargo tlie baudies of letters which are ,,
from all part of the country addressed to the pro-
jmetuia ui owiumuuk uuutuiun, wiiea it nas been
made clear to ids mind that those concerns nn.
really fraudulent. It will then be for those whose
letters are embargoed to prove that tholr business
is not wholesale swindling. If they can do this
their letters re to be delivered up at once. If thiv
lall to do so within a reasonable stated
tune, the
lettors are to be sent to the dead letter department,
nun inunu uuiii aiiiniK luimcj bio iu uu rcturued to
lue pemunn woo seiib iiihhi.
A roan from New York city who stvles himself
Uumbndge, and whose U-lteid wet stopped, baa
Blvcn the Pofitm aster-General a deal of trouble on
several ocvaHona. He weut on to Washington,
taking wimccHM with him who IciRnlMed hlin m
Ouuibriilffo. It is alleged that one of the witnessed
who backed Gumbrldge Is an editor of a New York
evening newspaper. nmiridR got his letters.
Hulmequeniiy, nowever, leimrn were aioppoa wnicsn
were addreoaed to Tumbrldge. Then (inmlirldge
jrln appeared In Washington to claim Tumhrldge's
letters. Witnesses swore that Gum bridge was Turn
bridge. Then Gnmbrldgo's letter were again
stopped, and Tumbrldge's were allowed to go
tnrougn tne mmi", aim kmuh nu uuw.
The I'ontmaster-C General will ask Congress to enact
laws to meet the exigencies of the case.
1K.KMK.
TheRoval Reunion In Conntantinople Chnrl
Irs nnd Compliments or the Kmprens of
rrnnce.
ConHtantlnople letters and Journals to the 27th
October contain accounts of the arrival anil pro
ceedings of the rrlnre Koyai or rnisma ana l'riuce
Louis of Henne, on the one hand, and of the D:iko of
Aosta, on Die otner, tne lormur iiuvniK renuuuii ine
TurklHh capital on Sunday, the S4tn nit., and tlio
latter the day after. The uhiiuI visits, dinners, and
orlves about the city had taken piaoe, some or
which have been already chronicled. The
tMiltun made a present to tne Aruieno-ijatnoito
church of the splendid throne, carpets, and other
decorations with which the building had been fitted
up at his Majesty's expense for the vlBit of tho Km
pieHs of the French. .
A liarilHnenes correspoiiuKiii hum;-
press of the French stopped for a urier instant on
her downward passage to receive a te'egram which
was awaiting her from the Kmperor. Sho lett the
Abbe Uunavl !tU00 francs to rebuild his house, and a
similar snm "jxnir fan 18C.9," leaving the worthy
little cccleslast In a state of feverish hope rospocting
the flrnmen of 1S70. As was done by the Prluccss of
Wales, the Empress Kupenle declined the very valu
able presents of Jewelry which had been prepared
lor ner during hct rvceut visit, uuu
accepted only some pieces of cloth of gold
and a couple of line carpets from tho sal
tan himself; and from the Valldd Sultana a
valuable cashmere dressing gown. In addition to
these, however, when her Majesty embarked on the
Algle, on tho afternoon of her departure, she found
awaiting bcr some tnirty cases containing an tuo
objects of which she hud been heard to express any
mimlrattoiuiur ng her visits to tno old &oragno, tne
Treasury and the Mnscum the whole forming a
rare, curious, and valuable collection, uu ner pari
her Majesty presented the Sultan with a pair of very
henutiriil Sevres vases, bearing her own and the
Kmperor'B portraits, and a dinner service of very old
(Sevres. Iu the shape of general presents her Ma
jesty Is said to have expended more than 100,000
irancs, including girts to tne various reucn cnan
tles of the capital, bakuhishes to the palace servants
and other similar donations.
Kcfore leaving, her Majesty also conferred the fol
lowing decorations, ana other mementoes of her
visit: On the Seraskler, the (irand Cross of the
Legion of Honor: on Hobart I'acha (In re
cognition of his services in maintaining tho
pence or .urope, and for ins personal
attention to the French squadron during her
Malesty'B visit), the rank of commander: on Colonel
Nedjib Bey, Muaillr Bey, All Klza Bey, and Salth Bey,
tnat or omcrs; ana on llussein uey, itustcm liey,
All Bey, Youssuf Bey, and Tahir Bey, that of
knights.
Kaouf Pacha and Klamll Bey received diamond
snu 11' boxes.
GENERALITIES.
Tho National Debt of PrtinMa and Her money
irloutnriea.
According to the North German Budget the
national debt of Prussia at the end of the year will
amount to 442,630,372 thalers, 184,471,491 of which
are railway dents. Tne interest ana sinking runa ror
the payment or the principal win in lb70 require
20.G4S.600 thalers, 10.223,511 of which belong to the
railways, and will be covered by their prouts. The
expenses of the national debt have risen 943,970
tnoiers since wj. ui tne aoove sum tiit,w,vvi
belong to tne old provinces, viz. .i,'iiwx atate
debt bearing interest, 133,001,000 railway debt,
8,564,902 proviaclal debts, 12,835,000 thalers Interest
bearing Botes, and 18,250,000 thalers bank notes bear
ing no Interest. The debts of the provinces united
to the kingdom In 1S6S areas follows: Hanover,
21.997.281 thalers, 16,201,120 of which are railway
dents: li esse. in,,vro, oi wnicn id.iui.ouu
for railways; Nassau, 20,158,753, of which 16,472,514
ror railways; llcsse-liomDurg, us,42; Frauklort,
7,754,171, of which 8,569,247 for railways; Schleswlg-
lioistein, 4S4,v4s tnaiers.
Bow Greeley was Defeated,
And now we see how Greclev was defeated. Ha
should have accepted Mayor Hall's challenge to dis
cuss the question of lunacy In the rural districts,
The noble veomanrv "went"' back on Horace.
Where he was best known, In the city, he ran ahead
oi ma noser, -remaps tne larraers repudiate 11. G.
as a pure agriculturalist. The practical farmers
don't take much stock in that kind of farmers who
raise mrnips costing a dollar apiece. Horace, among
mo juiiiiij, is uui a. success, um ne is tne ioremost
man in tnis country, and the Tribune irives him
greater power than forty Comptrollershlps. Law
rence (Kan.) Journal.
. A Yankee Invention.
Here is a storv of Yankee Invention Tnnnc S
Geer, of Lisbon, Ct., wanted to extend a water pipe
iiirougu an uuuer urain several leet oeiow tne sur
face, but how to get the pipe through without taking
no the drain was the dttllculty to be surmounted.
After studying upon it for a while, Mr. Geer hit upon
this admirable plan. He opened the lower end of
tne dram, cangnt a cat ana attacned a small line to
her leg, then thrust her into the npper end and gave a
most unearthly "scat !" and pussy appeared at the op
posite end as quick as her legs could carry her. The
pipe was drawn through the drain by means or the
line, and Mr. Geer had the satisfaction of saving ten
dollars by the operation.
IeronalItIeti.
Carlotta Paul's head has appeared In sleeve
buttons.
Mrs. Farrell la the
champion burglaress of Call-
forma.
Shirley Brooks wrote
Punch't obituary of Lord
Derby.
Andrew donnson is still a regular visitor to the
Tennessee Legislature.
Ex-President Pierce's will doea not come no to
the calculations of bis relatives.
T." ii 1 K ,h. .orihnnabii nwinha, tina twin n i n .,
in eftlgy by indignant Peruvians.
tsiuce April i, cneney, tno suk manufacturer at
Hartford, has received letters spelling Cheney 108
different ways.
Betty Btiy. a modest Missouri damsel, took
strychnine because her sweetheart escorted another
girl to a party.
t lUKe. oi tne uaiveston auue.nn. gravely sug
gests that the shortest and surest way to get rid of
the Indians is to supply them with all the whisky
they can drink.
ur. i-.nnis, one or tne survivors or tne steamboat
Stonewall disaster on the Mississippi, states that he
was saved by clinging to a crate of cabbages which
snows tnat, in an emergency, several heads are bet
ter tnan one.
Goldschmlnt, Jenny Llnd's husband. Is the an
ther of the oratorio Ruth, in whloh Madame Llnd
Goldschmldt Is to appear In London. If Jluth
should prove to be poor, It may be classed among
the Bouz,
Mies Anna Mehilg, a distinguished uermnn
pianist, who is thought by many musicians to have
no superior among the artists of her own country,
arrived in New York last week, and will soon be
heard in concerts.
Two expert naugers nave gnnerrom wasningion
to the bonded warehouses of New Orleans to exa
mine the liquors; and to show how thoroughly they
mean to do their duty, they announce that they will
carefully examine every barrel of liquor, not only as
to quantity, nut as to quauij.
PIANOS.
ALBKEtiil,
Tfrg-IFfl BIKKKS BUHMIDf,
FIRST-CLASS PIANO- OETKS.
Full suarautee and moderate prices.
2 " WABHROOMS, No. 610 AROKl Streot
MATS AND OAPS.
HWARBURTONS IMPROVED VENTI
lafed and ew fitting Drees UaU (patented), in all
the in,i,rn.B,l faatiioru of the aeaaou. UU1U U 1 Btraei,
Beit, door tnt.h Vnat OrSo ,
11 1Mru
D
V I D F L E M M I N. ,
CIGAR BOX MANUFACTURER,
No. 634 OOMMKROK Street, bo Market
Orders filled at tho ahorteat nutioe. It) U lm
Dr M KLINE CAN JUltK tJU iawcijuo
F.rupt'ioM, Wrk on the fikin, Ulcere in the throat,
mouth and n., wiwi"" ."ivSW T.t..
nhnractar. Ottiue. No. B8 bout!) ItLEVKMli, betweeo
7.. . ,r U- t.a
jnDiiii ann mara
1T7ILLTAM ANDKliHUN
CO., DEALERS
1 T
,n n. u.aa-... wrtB BOOONDreot
TOIIN FARNUM & CO., yujaaiiooiwr. raiftj
ti chantaand Manufacturer. o ' Ctoneatog.Tick in .eta.
No. ! OHKKNUT btre-u rm
DU. K J LEVIS HAD nMiuir-i' '
nortk;;.tooruM of AROU and 1' HI RT K K N T II
' . ci T- Trriri?T Tn 1'liu
Street
EMPIRE PLATE MANTEL WORKS. J. B
MIPPINQ.
rJUy ? R P O O L ANF
'- M '4 Steamers ar armalnUKt tn ull m
i.v.. -b J, Iowa
IS hL v nton- Sn"1r, Not. 17. at 1 P M. '
A-H LSSrJ"'? Hlif- Tuendiv.. Not. SO, at 1 P. M.
KATKN OF FASNAOK.
p.3Zm-. fTaAnaa auu' vrT SATrmpit.
lOixmnon. Jim ToLondoo u
Twf; i"-! To Pan. ,Jj
F ... "T TrT TCKSDAI STKaaUtB, VIA HAUIAX.
I Jr?2I.l toU"hL ' - FT"b' " Ourrenoj
W ii f i rw ! J Ti-rpooi . . . if m
oj uranon steamer... .( by Branch HtaraT....
.,"'" ,f,r forwarded to liana, Hamburg, Bremen,
to. at reduced rate.
Tii-lrMta ,. 1. V V. L. . .
t
one wiahinK tosnnd for their friends,
i'7jn?b?.r.i?f.1nn"Uon "PP'rat tho Company's OBIn
JOHN G. DALK, Arum, No. 16 HKOADWAV, N. Y
or to O'hoNNkll. l kim if a.i.
t NO. 411 U lll'.S MIT lhil.JIl..V7;
ONLY DIRECT LINETO FRANCE
ilRK.ST tlAVltf., UAiiJ-iliNU AT
Tho mlAIA - i ... ... . .
rw(T;;,. ,t 7 ;""; on inig raronto rrmterorth
KaTnrSa. "U "' ,r0m Fw ' r
(old (including wine),
IU HltKSTnn IIIUDir
First Cabin uii i slZt Vi.m-
....$8
Flnrt )ZiVi " ""war ncet, furnished on board.)
Sni "
For 1..,N.W.BKOA.IWAY,fcewYor'k.
Ctompar7,7uT appu- at Adam. ' K, pre
' No. MO nilVKlirrV u." L.
....1,., m Kibronii,
P-r. CHARLC&TOn.A n
jlS THE SOUTH, SOUTHWEST.
AND FLORIDA PORTS
TIIE STEA.M8IIIP J. W. EVEUMAJT,
CAPTAIN HINCKLEY.
Will leave Pior 17, below Bpruca streot, on FRIDAY,
Novembor 19, at 4 P. M.
Comfortable accommodations for psanengors.
Thrmiah Pruida Tli-lrnt, wtnii Kills r ,1 : !
- " M .VKVVV " " -' - MlilUff linUSII IU
t.ntitr-t.inn with fhn Smith rifinillna. Railm-.! ,n . 1 1 Knt
South and Southwest, and with Steamora to Florida ports.
insurance dtiois l.ine w. r.-UALr run ui'.NT,
Goods forwarded free of commission.
Bills of Lading furnished and signod at the office.
For freight or passagolapply to
E. A. SOUDER A CO.,
DOCK STREET WHARF.
TV-- RA.meTiin TT?nf WTI I IT IT 111 ..11 TMiTni.
DAY, NoTembcr 2o. i'iii
LORILLARD'S STEAMSHIP
LINK FOR
NEW YORK.
Bailing on Tuesdaye, Thursdays, and Saturdays.
REDUCTION OF KATK8.
Freight by this line taken at 13 cent per 100 pounds,
cents per foot, or 1 cent per gallon, ship's option. Ad
vance charges cashed at office on Pier. Freight received
at an times on ooverea wnaxl.
JOHN P, OHL,
Ss; Pior 19 North Wharves.
B. N. Extra nrtee on small packages iron, metal, eta.
EVERY SATIIRHAV.
At noon, from FIRST WUABJf abore MARKE1
Street.
THROUGH RATES to all points in North and Sontl
Carolina, via Seaboard Air Line Railroad, oonneotina- at
Portsmoutn and to Ijnchbnrg, Va., Tennessee, and thi
West, via Virginia and Tennessee Air Line and Richmond
and Danville Railroad.
Freight HANDLED BUT ONCE, and taken at LOWKB
BATES THAN ANY OTHER LliSK.
Tne regularity, safety, and oneapness of this route oom
mend it to the publio as the mot desirable medium
oa Trying every description of freight.
No charge lor oom minion, dray age, or any expense)
transfer.
Steamships Insured at the lowest rates.
Freight received daily-
WILLIAM P. OLYDK CO..
No. 12 8. WHABVES and Pier 1 N. WHARVES.
W. P. PORTER, Agent at Riohmond and City Point.
T. P. CROWELL A UP., Agents at Norfolk. 81
NOTICE FOR NEW YORK, VIA
DELAWARE AND RARfTAN CANAL
Aba CHEAPEST AMD UUH'KKNT watnr nnnim.,nW.
tlon Detween i-oiiaaeipnia ana new xorg.
bteamers leave daily trora nrwt wnarf below Market
Street. Philadolpbia, and foot of Wall street. New York.
Ooodn forwnrdod by all the linps running out of New
York, North, East, and West, free of commission.
Freight received and forwnrdod on accommedating
terms. WILLIAM P. CLYDE A CO., Agents,
No. IS S. DELAWARE Avenue, Philadelphia.
. JAMES HAND, Agont,
5 8 No. 119 WALL Street, New York.
a. NEW EXPRESS LINE TO
Alexandria, Georgetown, and Washington, D.
aC. via Chesapeake and Del&warn Canal, with
connections at Alexandria from the most direct route for
Ljnchburg, Bristol, Knoxville, Nashville, Dalton, and tho
Southwest.
Steamers leave regularly every (Saturday at noon from
the first wharf above Market street.
Freight received daily-
WILLIAM P. OLYDK CO.,
. .No. 14 North and South wharves.
HYDE TYLER, Agents, at Georgetown: M.
ELDRIDGE A CO., Agents at Alexandria. 61&
NOTICE. FOR NEW YORK, VIA
Delaware and Baritsn Canal, SWIFTStTRK
TRANSPORTATION COMPANY. 11KH.
A 1UH AND SW1FTSURK LINE.
'1 he business oi these lines will be resumed on and after
the Hth of March. For freights, which will be taken on
accommodating terms, apply to
W. M. BAIRD ft CO..
8 2 ; No. 133 South Wharves.
LUMBER.
1869
BPRUCK JOIST.
SPRUCE JOIST.
HEMLOCK.
HEMLOCK.
1869
1869
SEASONED CLEAR PINK.- 1Qit
SEASONED CLEAR PINK. 1 0 0 17
CllUlCrJ rAl lEKN PINK.
SPANISH CEDAR, KOK PATTERNS,
RED CEDAR.
FLORIDA FLOORING.
lOOy FLORIDA FLOORING.
CAROLINA FLOORING.
1869
V1HU1N1A FLOORING.
DELAWARE FLOORING.
ASH FLOORING.
WALNUT FLOORING.
FLORIDA STEP HOARDS.
KAIL PLANK.
IQfiQ WALNUT BOARDS AND PLANK.1 O f A
1 0 0 17 WALNUT BOA RDS AND PLANK. 1 0 O V
WALNUT BOARDS.
WALNUT PLANK.
1869
UNDERTAKERS' LUMBER, rf -t Qf(
UNDERTAKERS' LUMBER. jiO07
RED CEDAR,
WALNUT AND PINE.
1869
SEASONED POPLAR.
SEASONED CI1E1UIY.
1869
ASH.
WHITE OAK TLANK AND BOARDS.
HICKORY.
1869
CIGAR BOX MAKERS' 1 Of ft
CIGAR BOX MAKERS' lOOii
SPANISH CEDAR BOX BOARDS,
FOB SALE LOW.
1869
CAROLINA SCANTLING. -i Q'fk
CAROLINA H. T. SILLS. 1007
NORWAY SCANTLING.
1869
CEDAR SHINGLES. -t Q(
CYPRESS S11INGLKA lOOy
MAULE. BROTHER CO.,
No. 8500 SOUTH Street.
JNITED bTATES BUILDlfilta MILL,
FIFTEENTH STREET, BELOW MARKET,
ESLER & BI10THEE, Proprietor!.
WOOD MOULDINGS,
BRACKETS, ETC.
BALUSTERS AND TURNING WOEK.
A Largo? Stock always on hand. 9 It 8m
LUMBER UNDER COVER
ALWAYS DRV,
Walnut, White Pine, Yellow Pine, Spruce, Hem
lock, 'Bhaglea, etc., always on hand at low rates.
WATSON GILLINGIIAM,
' : . No. W4 RICHMOND Street, 13tu ward.
1(1.1 U
Jrtt-PHILADELPHIA, RICHMOND,
,?EKAND NORFOLK STEAMSHIP LINK
iIIiirTHOUOH FREIGHT A IB JJHH l3
sjSESXJilLTHE SOUTH AND WEST.
AOOTION BALES.
M
THOMAS A BON8, NOS. 139 AND IU
B. JfOUKTH STREET.
BALK OF REAL ESTATE AND STOCKS. '
Novunlmr SS, at U o'clock noon, at the Rxohann:
SECOND (North 1. Noa. Bih an1 U.lb
Store. '
EIGHTH and OXFORD. N. W. oornsr-Larre and
valnshle Ixit.
Sr. V KN 1 11 (North), No. 14-Rnsiness IxMation.
KI.KVKNTtl (North), No HU9 and Ull-Two (entet
TWKNTY-FIFTH. WKLSII. FltlTnnv ..rf rnrf
BeTer th ward - Factory Ilmldings. ' "
Mu.nwMiKi uu., Kookiiill Sixteen Aores. Mills,
etceto.
ttU,K,H. "J r1""' " dTUI.IP-Valiial.le HoteL .
N K.W and I-RusrKUT Avenue. Oueanut Uiii-Klegant
Country Hwit.
v I K,, ivo. till Modern Kosldnnoe.
PINK. No. 1WIH Modern Knsidenoe.
WALNUT, esutof Kifty-flith-lrfrt.
NlNK'I'KEN'l'H. south nf ! ,lh-( M,1 t..i.i'
BiRARD Avenue, No. 401, 403, and 405-Valnlle .
I'INP.Ko. Ml-Moi1rn Ttrlrk Dwelling
MONTRotK, No. itiai (inntnel Dwelling
h'I'OUKS.
J41-O0 Lehigh Valley Railroad.
Ht 0 IhiKh NaviKHtion Gold Loan.
l.lugh Navuriition Mortgage Lonn.
i,iiO i niicn niats i- ivn twenlien, rerintpritd
- ' I nitPd Mjvtos hivo-twenties, coupons.
n-.iiniir.uri7 wuiii, V, l IIIMIdn.
ITiiKI North Vonnsvlv&nia ltl retail
iiUViO Schuylkill Navition Morlagn,
IfUW Schuylkill Nnvigiition Boat and Oar Loan.
tt'2'H) Union Canal Bonds.
orlntrcs Franklin l ire Inmirnnce Co.
11 shares Lykons Valley Coal Co.
21 uliurei Hrirtol and Frankl'ord Turnpike.
1 share Philadelphia Lihrury Go.
2 Klinros l'ennrylvauia Acadi-my Fine Arts.
Few in Grace Church, No. 41 south lslj.
1H shares Second and Third Streets P. R. W. Co.
2l " Kninire Transpnrtation Co.
tjmiOO Lehigh Navigation, iirst mortgage.
4 shares Soutliwnrk National Itank. -
" Hunk of North Amiirica.
7 " Reliance Innnraiice Go.
5 " Aca-'oiny of Musio, with ticket.
$21X10 fccliujlklll Kuvigmion Co.
If, shares Ganidnn and Atlnntio R. R.
7 ' llidiancc- Insurance Go.
7 " Wnstinnrnlnnd Goal Ou.
3 ' f jirurd Insurance Go.
8 " Pennsylvania R. R. Co.
7 " Min-hill and Schuylkill Haven R. B.
23 " Scluiylkill Navigation Co.
8 " Philadrlphla NuKonal Hank.
11 " Commercial National Hank
3 " echanics' National Itnnk.
1 " Western National Hank.
4 " Gominnnwpnith National Rank.
2 " 1-ouinTillo Rank.
W " Knterpriso Insurance Co. It 19 3t
. roremntnry Rale at the Fairmnnnt Iron Works.
FRAWK lU'ILDlNGH. YH1 1HON, CAST WHl'KLS.
On Wednesilay Morning,
November J. 1R;Q mt 1 1 .nl,.lr u, i,. x-.t.... w
Works, Goatos street wharf, river Schuylkill, will be sold
at puhlic snlo, without rosorve, 20 tons mottled pig-lroo.
vtwiv-iiuii .utnii. bmj. , iieuuHuiiH, assoriea sir.es; iron tloor
plates, cast stool; blacksmiths' bellows; large Frame Mill
ltuilning (to be solrt in sections); board and rail fenoing,
; lumber, empty barrels, oBice furniture, tiro proof, by
Herring, etc. n 17 fit
HUNTING, DDRBOROW CO.. AUCTION-
EKKH,Nos.2aiand234MARKFT Street, oornar ol
Bank street. Successors to John B. Myers A Go.
LARGE SALE OF FRKNCH AND OTHER EUROPEAM
IRY GOODS.
On Monday Morning,
Nov. 23, at 10 o'clock, on four months' oredit. II 18 4t
A SPECIAL 8AI.R OF SHAWLS, BY ORDER OB
KITTTF.R. LUCKEMKr-KR A GO.
Particulars hereafter.
SALE OF 2000 CASES HOOTS, SHOES, BROOANS.
FTC.. K'I'U.
On Tuesday Morning,
Nov. S3, at 10 o'clock, on four months' credit. H 17 4t
M
ARTIN BROTHERS, AUCTIONEERS.
fT-arnlfr SilaarnAti e M ThA.. U J -
1 ' mJ M.i.;nui,ru 1UI a,a x uvula CBk IJUUB,!
nu. iwn vaiu.i kj a oLreew rear euumno irooi minw
SALK OF A RETAIL RTOOK OF DRUOS, GLASS
JARH AND BOTTLES, SHOW-CASKS, FANUlf
GOODS, KTO.
On Saturday Morning,
Nov. 20, at 10 o'clock, at the Auction Rooms, the entire)
stock of a retail drug store, fine gloss bottles and jars,
show-cases, etc U 13 6t
SALE OF STOCKS AND REAL ESTATE.
On Monday,
Nov. 29, at 12 o'clock, noon, at the Philadelphia Eg.
change. Third and Walnut streets, will be sold, without
reserve
STOCKS.
Estate of James J. Martin, deceased.
112 shares Steamship Dock Company.
20 shares do. do, do.
86 shares do. do. do.
24 shares do. do. do.
1-10 interest in the Big Hickory Association of Wairea
county.
15o shares Wood Preserving Go. of Pennsylvania.
60 shares Camden and Amboy Railroad.
1 share Meroantile library.
RKAL ESTATE.
THREE-STORY BRIOK RESIDENCE, No. 704 8.
Fifteenth street.
THKKK-STORY BRICK DWELLING, No. 703 Wyo
ming street.
BUILDING LOT, S. Sixth street, above South.
THKKK.8TOKY DWKLL1NU, N. Thirteenth street,
above Girard avenue. H 13 n
Executor's Peremptory Sale Estate of th lata John
, Bartram, deceoned.
VF.RY VALUABLK NUMISMATIC COLLECTION.
Rare American and Foreign Coins and Medals. Eto.
, , t, Monday and Tuesday Afternoons,
Nov. B! and 80, commencing each day at 8 W o'clock, tho
entire large and vory valuable Numismatic Collection, ar
American gold, silver, and copper coins; English silver.
Colonial, Washington, aud pattern pieoes, very fino
Roman coins, large assortment of store cards, medals,
and foreign copper ooins, superior walnut coin cabi
nets, eto.
Catalogues one week previous to sole. 11 19 lot
c.
D. McCLEES A CO.,
No. 606 MARKET Street.
AUCTIONEERS,
THOMA8 BIRCH & SON, AUCTIONEERS
AND COMMISSION MERCHANTS, No. Ul
OHF.SNUT Street, rear entranoe No. 11U7 Sansom str a.
LIPPINCOTT, SON & CO.,
No. 240 MARKET Street.
AUCTIONEERS,
BY B. SCOTT, JR..'
SOOTTB ART OAIXERT. No. load OHESNoJ
8 treat. Philadelphls.
PATENT8.
PATENT OFFICES,
N. W. corner FOURTH and CHESNUT,
(Entrance on FOURTH street).
P TLJX.lt CIS D. PASTOHIU3,
SOLICITOR OF PATENTS,
Tatcnta procured for lnventiona in the Unite.
States and Foreign Countries, and all business rt
In Ung to Uie same promptly transactod. Call or sa.a
for circulars on Patents.
Open till a o'clock every evening. I s smtK
PATENT OFFICES,
K. W. Corner FOURTH and WALNUT
PHILADELPHIA.
FEES LESS THAN ANT OTHER RELIAfiL
AGENCY.
Send for pampUle on Patents.
1 4 thstat
CHARLES H. EVANS.
yyr I L L I A M 8. IRWIN.
GENEBAL PATENT AGENT,
No. 406 LIBRARY STREET.
OUTOAiTS PATENT ELASTIC JOINT IHO
ROOF.
AMERICAN CORRUGATED IRON GO'S HAND
FAOTUKKS. riRE-PROOF BUILDINGS, ETC
TAYLOR OOALE'S PATENT AUTOMATIO
LOCK-UP SAFETY VALVE.
1 RADFORD'S LOW WATER INDICATOR, ETO.
ETO. 10 4 til
STATE RIGHTS FOR SALE. 8TATE
Mights of a valuable Invention Just patented, and for
tlie SLICING, DUn iNG, and OHIP1-1NU of dried beef,
cabbage, etc., are berelir citered for aula. It is an article
of front value to piourietors of hotels and restaurant,
and it bhnuid lie introduced iuto every family. STATU
Kit; HTM firsle. Modul can be seen at TKLEUUAP11
OFFICE, COOPER'S 0-
STOVES. RANGES, ETO.
i TIK).MtON a Ll'lNJJUN KITCHENER
or F.UROPKAN RANG K for families, hotels, or
public institutions, in TWKNl'V KlFFlCltKNT
Kl.i'.S. Alao. PUiladeluliia Ranges. Hot Air hr.
nares, rortalilo Heaters, Low-down liratea, Fireboaid
tSiovea, lialit lloilera, htow bole Flutes, Rollers. Uookmg
fiuivvs, etc, wbuliwale sud relitil, liy tlie iiianufanturorH.
KHAKI'K A THOMSON,
a7fia Cm No. Hvtf N. bKUOND Htrest,