6
TIIE DAILY EVENING TELEGRAPH, PHILADELPHIA, TUESDAY, OCTOBER 19, I860.
THE yOVIttinKK MAGAZINES.
jppiNi;orT'H.
Under tbe title of "The Satinfac'ion Usual
Among Gentlemen," Joseph J. Hoed given
the following interesting Hke'eli of tbe prao- 4
lice of duelling:
What whall we Ry of a pi net ire that has
"heen sanctioned by the most distinguished
wen of modern times ? Coudomnod alike by
religion and by common sense, but upheld by
fashion and a (so-called) code of honor, estab
lished by men who themselves were but too
ready on all occasions to ignore the obliga
tions of Christianity, it has held its ground
for centuries, and is yet far from being aban
doned. It is fashionable and popular in
France, especially among military men and
ditors of newspapers. Very recently several
psrsonal rencontre have taken place, and
some of the most sanguinary duels on record
have been fought iu that country. Hut in Ire
land, which was at one time, par e.redleuce,
'the happy hunting-ground of $atif action,"
duelling has gone very much out of fashion.
Ho in England, which has also contributed its
quota to the sanguinary record; and in this
country, where the native originality has so
often displayed itself in "inventions of do
light,' such as lighting with knives inside of
nn empty hogshead, rine-praotice from be
hind trees, indiscriminate shooting rt. voloide
with six-shot revolvers, and the like.
It is curious that the combat to the death
should have been a favorite mode of settling
disputes from the earliest ages, although
most of the duels recorded in nueient history
were rather episodes of war than personal
quarrels. Such were the contests between
Jlavid and Goliath, Menelaus aud Paris,
Achilles and Hector, Turnus and T'neai,
Eteodes and rolyniecs, Pittacus and Phryuon,
the Horatii and the I'uratii, Scipio Afiicanus
and the Spanish giant, et, etc. lint in
those enily times the challenged did not
always consider themselves bound to ac
tept the challenge. Thus, when Julius
Casar was challenged by Mark Antony,
he contented himself with replying, '!
am not tired of life" an answer similar
to that given by Metellns to Sertorius, and
by Antigonus to Pyrrlms. Themistocles,
when struck by Eurybiades, merely observed,
"Strike, but hear iuc.'' In modern times
very little choice has been left to the chal
lenged; for, inasmuch as duelling has been
almost exclusively confined to what is called
"society" i. c, the upper ten, the army, the
navy, and the professions of law and of medi
cine very few' men have had the moral
courage to withstand the sneers, the taboo
ing, the Ioes of position and of character (for
ourage, not for probity) which the refusal
to accept a challenge involves. And thus
many a coward has been driven to "screwing
his courage to the stickiug-place," and brav
ing death or serious injury to his person;
whereas, could ho have had his wiiy, he would
have followed the ex.tuiple of Parolles, aud
cried
"JtUK't, Kworrt! ool, blushes! mid, Parolles, live
pufost in sliuniu!''
It is not our intention to. reprodueo
the hackneyed arguments for and against
duelling. Paley exhausted them long
ago. lie correctly pointed out tho true
motives which led to the resort to it. "As a
punishment," said he, "it is ab.iurd, because
it is an equal chance whether the punishment
falls on the offender or tho person offended;
nor is it much better as a reparation, it being
difficult to explain in what tho satisfaction
consists, or how it tends to undo tho injury
or afford a compensation for injury sustained.
The truth is, it is not considered as cither. A
law of honor having annexed the imputation
of cowardice to patience under an affront,
challenges are given and accepted with no
other design than to prevent and wipe off this
suspicion, without malice against tho adver
sary, without a wish to destroy him; and
generally with no other concern than to pre
serve the duellist's own reputation and recep
tion in the world.'" This Is, however, not the
whole truth; for many duels have been fought
solely to gratify hatred: au:l we know ttial
some have also been lought with other
than vindictive designs; as where the
killing of the victim would remove an
obstacle to the gralilication of last or the suc
cess of ambitious projects. A memorable
instance of this was the famous duel botween
the Duko of Buckingham and the Eurl of
Shrewsbury iu the rcian of Clmrles II.
Among the duels which deserve to be re
corded is that between the celebrated Irish
barristers, John Philpot Ourran ami John
Egan, nicknamed "Bully Egan." The latter
was a man of immense size, while Cnrran was
slim and short. The chances of being hit
were, therefore, in favor of the former, for
(as Curran, said) it was like firing at a huy
fctack. Curran therefore proposed to equalize
the chanceB by chalking lines on Egau's body,
so as to mark out his (Curran's) size thereon,
and by agreeing that no shot should count
which took effect outside of those lines. And
apropos of the chances of being hit in duels
with pistols, a well-known writer (Gilchrist)
estimates the chances of being killed as on
to fourteen, " and of beiug woundrl
as one to six. His computation, how
ever, is based upon erroneous premises,
for he takes iuto account a large number
of duels which were terminated by "del
oping" V by one of the parties firing iu
the air, or by firing wide and thou apologiz
ing; and also those duehj in which the parties
appeared on the ground merely to satisfy the
requirements of society and not to injure
each other; which kind of duel tho Irish term
"dumb-shooting." Very few Trench or Ame
rican duels have terminated thus; the reason
being, we take it, th;it tho parties havo gene
rally been in earnest. In France the code of
honor is very striot, and sociaty there is so
imbued with the martial spirit of tho nation
1 that duelling may bo looked upon as tin
natural vent for its sensitiveness. Frenchmen
will go to law in matters of property, but thev
despise having recourso to it, in matters of
personal insult or injury. In England the
wedncer is lmnUliod by being maao to pay
damages, but in France ho amy luy his ac
count to a thrust through the body, and in this
eountry to a bullet through tho hud. "Which,
of the two modes is tho belter preservative
of the honor of women 'i Jt must be owned,
however, that there have been too many in
stances of men taking the l.iv,- into their own
hands, and shooting their foe when he was
unprepared and perhaps unarmed a practice
which, however extenuated by tho amount of
injury, is dangeroui to tho stability of society.
It will not do to allow a nun to bo the jude
of his own cause. '
In fashionable society the practice of
duelling lias a tendency to maintain a
high tone of courtesy among men and
of deference to women which adds ma
terially to the charm of social intercourse.
Peculation and embezzlement are rare
among public men in France, notwithstand
ing the fact that many of them have arrived
at eminence through unscrupulous political
manoiuvring. But whether this is to be attri
buted to a chivalrous aversion to the dishonor
which arises out of pecuniary delinquencies
though none fcucli in felt to the reputation of
being a spendthrift or a gambler or to a
well-organized system of administration,
which provides m many checks upon tho acts
of public officers that it is difficult for them to
go astray, we cannot undertake to say. It
may appear absurd, at first sight, to assert
that dnelling bus anything to do with it; but
if it be true that this much-condemned prac
tice has produced a ohivalrous feeling of
honor in the French, it ia not unreason
able to suppose that it may influence
them in their public as well as in their private
conduct. In strong confirmation of our views
we may adduce the fact that duelling has
recently increused to an unusual extent in
Italy. The bitterness of political strife in
that country, the promiueuco which the
army holds there, and the licenso of the press
ficein to have been active causes of making
tbe duel more thnn ever tho recognized mode
of resenting injuries and insults. There has
lately appeared it pamphlet on tho subject
from the pen of Signor Fauibri, a Venetian
journalist and politician, in which the neces
sity of duelling is deplored, but insisted on as
the only counterpoise to the evils of a free
press in the author's native hind.
Various estimates havo been made as to
the number of persons killed iu duels. We
are inclined to think it has been gTeatly over
rated. "We read that during the reign of
Henry IV of France, four thousand gentlemen
lost their lives in that country by dnolliug;
and that during the reigns of Louis XIII uud
Louis XIV scarcely a day passed without
several fatal duels in Paris alone. A little
reflection will convince us that there must
be considerable exaggeration in theso
statements. At the rate of even two hun
dred deaths a year, the French Court
would speedily luve been deprivod of
every gentleman in it, which wo kuow
has nover been tho case. The number of
duels fought iu England during the reigu of
George III, a period of sixty years, was only
a hundred and seventy-two, and but sixty
nine persons were killed. This comes more
within the pnlo of belief. "We believe the
number of duels fought in this country to be
very moderate. In tho State of Pennsylva
nia there has been no duel fought since the
bloodless one between Mr. Binus and Mr.-'
Stewart in 1 so.'i, which occasioned the passing
of an act of the Legislature inflicting severe
penalties on all v ho should engage in duel
ling; and since thai time, though several Penn
sylvanians have fought duels, they have gone
out of the Stale to do it Much of the
invective against duelling, as causing a
wanton destruction of life, falls to the
ground. Many duels have been merely pub
Be modes of i.).l igizing for insult or injury;
and in a very l;rge number of theso cases
reparation was oMuiucd from bullies which
could hare hocv. i.'Miined in no other w;iy.
I.t-t us ixt lie misunderstood. Wo do not ad
mire dueling c.i.y more than we do war, or
pestilence, or s; y other of the evils which
aliliet the human race, but which, neverthe
less, have been y.ei luitt jel to scourge us from
time to time, doubtless for wise ends.
But we believe .that where duelling has
been abandoned, and tho community has
not proportionally progressed in enlight
enment, the pnu tice has been succeeded
either by a less regard for the feelings
of others, evinced in coarse manners
and insulting language, or by a greater
amount of litigation, or by resort to violent
and unfair means even assassination for
the gratification of personal revengo. The
celebrated Charles Cotcsworth Pincknoy of
South Carolina, who was a bravo and distin
guished soldier, labored hard to abolish duel
ling, and induced a number of loading men of
that Stato'.to memorialize its Legislature for
stringent laws against the custom. The me
morial embodied, in as concise and energetic
a form as the I'uglinh language permits,
all the arguments which could bo ad
vanced against it; and no Christian could
well refuse his assent to them.
Still as Christ inns, though they condemn
war, will embark in it ay. and carry it on
with savage energy, too so will they occa
sionally resort to duclling, until a better tono
of society and a more thorough appreciation
of tho precepts of tho Gospel shall render
both unnecessary. We know of no better
and nobler stand against duelling than that
taken by the Hon. ilobert Barnwell lUiett,
Senator from South Carolina, in tho personal
controversy which n'-ose in the Senate between
him and the Hon. Jeremiah Clomona, Senator
from Alabama, iu February, IX'rj. Mr.
Clemens had us.'d the terms "knavery" and
"treason" in reference to Mr. lihett, which
was sufficient provocation for fifty duels, but
he subsequently added the term "coward."
Ninety-nine Amerieani out of a hundred would
in such case ha-.v considered themselves bound
to resort to "tLe code of honor;" not so Mr.
lihett. Ho boldly htood up in the Senate and
said, "For twenty years I have been a mem
ber of the Church of Christ. The Senator
knows it oven-body knows it. I cannot and
will not dishonor my religious profession. If
he, or any one else, supposes that I am so
much afraid of his insults, or the opinion
which requires them to be redressed in the
field, as to be diivrn by them to abandon tho
profession of twenty years, he is entirely mis
taken. I frankly admit that I fear God, and
that I fear Hi in mure thnn man. Although
desirous of the good opiniou of all men
(for our usefulness is very largely de
pendent on the good opinion oi' our fellows),
we can never obiuin it by an abandonment
of the principles wo profess. True courage is
best evinced bv the tirni maintenance of our
principles ami 1st all temptations and trials."
This was a truly nibble cxaw.ple to set, u 'id
has probably not liccui without its influence;
although many lamentable affairs have bince
occurred, when in the party injured, or sup
posing himself to be injured, took upon him
self to redress his own grievances, and pnblis
opinion sustained hini in so doing. We are
not now speaking of thoso savage encount ers
which have occurred on the borders of
civilization, where, iu fact, no - other mode of
redress was to lie had thnn that afforded by
the rouyh-and-irady hand of the settler, but
of those scene.-, enacted in the very heart of
our great cities :,nd centres of refinomeut.
Such was the faijrms duel between Messrs.
Cilley and lr.; . s. near V. ashiugton, in in:;x
fought upon a n.cre point of honor, and oae
of t lie combut ;-,!; s Mr. t .'ilkiy) professing t'ao
highest respect ,n-1 most kind feelings for his
adversary, wl i o nevertheless shot him tio.id.
In this Bangui?'.:! y affair tho seconds were the
parties most t. : t .,,lP: indeed, the report of
tho committee oi' he Uouso of Iteprescnta
tives appoint' 1 to investigate tho affair
declared the - i to bo ''without any
circumstance extenuation.'' It would
seem 'that M r. 'itloy had been marked
out for a viet iii:. !' we may credit tho follow
iiK paragraph Uom tho fibovcmentioned
report: "I'uiiy in the day on which he
("Cilk-y) foil, an agreement was entered into
between initio. .t son Webb, Daniel Jack
son, and W'iL: .-!! Jf. Morell to arm them
selves, repair to ihu room of Mr. Cilley, and
force him to light Webb with pistols on the
spot, or to pledge his word of honor to gi ve
Webb a meeting beforo Mr. Graves; and if
Mr. Cilley would do neither, to shatUr tin
riyht u''M. They accordingly took, measures;
to ascertain whether Mr. Cilley wa at his
lodgings, and finding that he was not, they
proceeded, well armed, to Bladensbnrg, where
it was said the duel between Mr. Graves
and Mr. Cilley was to take place. Before
arriving there, it was agreed between Webb,
Jackson, and Morell that Webb should ap
proach Mr. Cilley, claim the quarrel, insist
on fighting him, and assure him if he aimed
his rille at Mr. Graves, he (Webb) would
tfihoot him on the spot. It was supposed by
tnrm mat Mr. Graves, or Mr. Wise, or some
of the party, would raise a weapon at Webb,
whertupou it vtas agreed that Webb should
instantly shoot Mr. Cilley, and that they
should then defend themselves in
the best way they could." The death
of Mr. Cilley before they reached the
ground thwarted their scheme. All this oc
curred in Washington only thirty years ago.
It was said at the time that the duel was a
grave thing for Cilley, and a nitty thing for
Graves.
Another equally savnge affair was the duel
between Major Biddle and Spenser Pettis in
1831. ' It took place in Missouri. They
fought at five feet distance, and their pistols
overlapped each other. Both were mortally
wounded, and they exchanged forgiveness on
the ground. How much better would it have
been to havo done this at first !
Perhaps no duel is more illustrative of the
imperious demands of the code of honor
than that between Henry Clay and John Ran
dolph, which originated in tho heat of debate
in IHliti. Both of these distinguished men
really esteemed each other. Kaudolph, the
night previous, declared to Gen. Hamilton
that nothing should induce him to harm a
hnir of Clay's head; and on tho ground, after
nring, uiay stepped forward and said to Kan
dolph, '1 trust in God, my dear sir, you are
untouched: after what has occurred, I would
not have harmed you for a thousand worlds !"
And Randolph declared to his second, "I
wonld not have seen Mr. Clay fall mortally, or
even doubtfully, wounded for all the land that
is watered by the King of Floods and all his
tributary streams ! " These illustrious comba
tants became fast friends ever afterward. But
was not the whole transaction a keen parody on
the system which required them to "go out?"
Very different was the termination of the duel
between Alphonso Stewart and William Ben
nett, both of Illinois. The seconds intended
to make a sham aff air of it, and it is sup
posed that Stewart waR in the secret. Ben
nett, however, suspected a joke, and after
receiving his gun from his second he dropped
a ball into it, lived, and killed Stewart. For
this murder ho was hanged. This affair oc
curred in l.'O.
The history of duclling has its comic ond its
romantic aspect as veil as its tragic and its
diabolical. Some of the excuses given for
not lighting are droll enough. Franklin re
lates the following anecdote:
A gentleman in a coffee-house desired an
other to sit farther from him. "Why so?"
said the person thus addressed. "Because,
sir, you smell." "That, sir, is an affront,
and you must fight nic." "I will light you
if you insist upon it; but I don't see how that
will mend the matter, for if you kill me, I
shall smell too; and if I kill yon, you will
smell worse, if possible, than you do at pre
sent." Amadeus V of Savoy sent a challenge
to Humbert II of the same duchy. The hitter
replied to the bearer of the challenge:
"Ihat tho virtue of a prince did not consist
in strength of body; and that if his principal
boasted of his strength, there was not a bull
which was not htronger and more
vigorous thnn he could possibly be; and
therefore, if he liked, one should be sent
to hini to try." The French poet Voituro
was a noted duellist, but he would not always
fight. Gn one occasion, having been chal
lenged by a gentleman on whom he had exer
cised his wit, he replied: "The game is not
equal: you are big, I am little; you are brave,
I am a coward: however, if you want to kill
mo, 1 will consider myself dead."
Sonic curious challenges are recorded. The
French poet Romieu received the following
challenge from a young rival: "Sir, I send
you with this note a ballad, which I beg you
will road with great attention. If you think
you can udd a few words to it, and they suit
rue, I consent to accept you as &cillatoratur,
I have the honor," etc. The manuscript was
returned to the author with this reply: "Sir,
I have read your ballad with the greatest
attention. I leave yon the choice of wea
pons." The meeting took place without
serious result. Here is another French speci
men: A gentleman was playing billiards,
when a young man accidentally ran up against
him. " Who is this abortion who rubs against
me? " exclaimed the player. The young man
begged bis pardon. "I'll forgive you when I
have run you through, " replied the player. He
had scarcely uttered these words when a loud
voice was heard saying, "Young man, take
these five hundred francs and order a first
class funeral for Monsieur " (naming the
player). "Who are you," said the latter, "that
dare speak in this way'" "I am the Count of
Bondy, at your service," repHod the stranger.
The count was a renowned duellist, and the
player declined fighting; but the count in
sisted on his apologizing to tho young man,
which he did, and thuB the bully was com
pletely cowed.
In the history of duelling it is interesting
to notice ti e national characteristics of the
parties engaged. One of tho most striking
instances of the peculiar bent of tho French
mind is that of the two famous duellists
Lngarde Vallon and Bazancz, who fought
merely because they were joalous of each
other's reputation. Bazanez seut Vallon a hat
with the threat of taking it from him, to
gether with his life. Vallon put on the hat
and immediately went in search of Bazanez.
They met and set to with their swords on tho
instant. Vallon gave his adversary a cut on
the head, exclaiming, "That's for the hat;"
then Another cut, exclaiming, "That's for the
feather; ' and a third, with "That's for tho
tassel." Bazanez, however, w.ts not done for;
though bleeding profusely, he rushed upon
his antagonist and got him down, and draw
ing his ponir.vd gave him fourteen stalls iu
the bod v from the neck to the navel, exclaim
ing, "I am giving you n scarf to wear with
the hat: Leg for your life." "Not yet, my
dear fellow," replied Vallon, biting off his ad
versary's chia and smashing tho back of his
head with the poinmclfif his sword. Both
fell enhanced and the combat ceased; yet,
though so frightfully wounded, they both re
covered. Duels between women and of
women with men have not beeu uncommon
in France. One of the most extraordinary of
these stories is that of Mademoiselle Maupin,
an operatic performer at Paris. On one occa
sion, being at a bull and behaving rudely to a
lady, she was requested to leave tho room,
which she did on condition that those gentle
men who had taken the lady's part should
go out with her. The gentlemen
agreed to this, when, after a hard
combat, she killed them all and
returned to the ball-room. Tho king (Louis
' XIV) granted her a pardon, and she withdrew
for u time to Brussels, hut returned soon after
to Puris, where she died in 1 707, at the age
ut thirty-seven.
But vl all tbe duels on record, that be.
tween two officers of the French army, named
Fonrnier and Dnpont, is the most remark
able. It began in 17ti4 and ended in 181.1,
having lasted nineteen years. It originated
at Strasbourg, where Fonrnier had challenged
and killed a young man named Blum. Great
indignation was felt against him in tho city;
so much so, indeed, that General Moreau,
giving a ball at his quarters on the day of
Blum's funeral, thought it advisable to ex
clude Fonrnier; accordingly he gave the ne
cessary directions to his aide-de-camp,
Captain Dnpont. In tho course of the
evening Fonrnier presented him
self, but was refused admittance
by Dnpont. The consequence was a challenge
to the latter from Fonrnier. They met and
fought with swords; aud Fournicr was severely
wounded, but he exclaimed as he fell, "That s
the first touch," and promised Dupont that he
would soon have another. In a mouth he got
well: they fought again, and this time Dnpont
was grievously wounded, exclaiming as he
fell, "That'B the second touch: as soon
as possible for the finish." When Dupont
recovered, they fought again, and both
parties were slightly wounded. They then
drew up a formal agreement to fight
whenever they were within a hundred miles
of each other, each party to go half way
unless prevented by the exigencies of the
service. They crossed swords frequently
pursuant to this agreement, but never se
riously injured each other; and they always
shook hands before fighting. They also cor
responded amicably. At length they were
both made generals and sent to Switzerland.
Dupont arrived late at night at a little vil
lage wnere there was no inn: not a light to
be seen, except at the window of a small
cottage. He went to it and knocked,
and the door was opened by Fonrnier.
They at once drew their swords and set
to, conversing amicably as they fought.
Dnpent presently drove his sword through
Fonrnier s neck and pinned him to tho wall,
and would have held him there till he capitu
lated, but that some officers, hearing tho
scuffle, came in and separated tcm. Four
nier recovered from tho wound. Some time
afterwards, Dnpont thought of marrying, but
the obstacle to his doing so was his agreement
with Fournier. How was ho to got rid of it 'i
He resolved to go to Fournier, state tho case,
and ask him to settle tho business with pis
tols. Fournier, being one of the most extra
ordinary shots ever known, was astonished,
and asked Dupont if he was mad; but the
latter proposed that they should go into a
little wood near Neuilly, armed each with a
pair of horse-pi.stols, and having gone
out of sight of each other, they should
track each other as they best could, and
fire at convenience. This having been agreed
to. they adjourned to the wood and separated.
After much dodging, they caught sight of
each other behind two trees. To stir was cer
tain death to either; so, after waiting a few
minutes, Dupont raised the tail of his coat as
if stooping down. Instantly a ball from
Fournier passed through it. Soon after this
Dupont held out his hat with his right hand
and presented his barrel as though taking
aim. The second ball from Fonrnier went
through tho hat. Dupont now stepped for
ward with both pistols cocked, and told Four
nier that he would not take his life, but that
he must never cross his path again, for if he
did he (Dupont) should claim the right of
putting his two bullets into his (Fournier's)
brains. And thus ended this long protracted
affair. Surely, none but Frenchmen would
have carried on such a tragi-comedy for so
Jong a nine.
As a contrast to the la.nr frM exhibited by
these Frenchmen, we extract tho following
account of a duel between two Irishmen,. a
barrister and an attorney. Tho barrister had
in court liung his powdered wig in the attor
ney's face, and a hostile meeting was tho result.
Tho attorney fired and missed: the barrister,
who had reserved his fire, then furiously
brandished his pistol to the imminent danger
of the bystanders, and said to his second:
"Shall I rush upon him with a shout, after
the manner of the ancients Some of the
Irish duels were occasioned by practical jokes,
as in the case of Frank Shelton, who called
out an exciseman for ramming tho butt-end
of a horsewhip down his throat while he lay
diunk and sleeping with his mouth open.
Duels have been a great card with novelists.
Lever excels in his descriptions of them, as
the readers of "Harry "Lorrequer," "Charles
O'Malley," "Jack Hinton," and "Tom Burke
of Ours" can testify. Sir Walter Scott has
also made effective use of them in
"The Monastery," "St. Itonan's Wall,"
"The Legend - of Montroio, and
other tales; but his crowning effort is in the
battle of the clans in "The Fair . Maid of
Perth." The duel between Lovelace and
Colonel Morden, in "Clarissa Harlowe," is a
masterpiece in its way. That between "Cha-teau-Renand"
and "Fabien dei Franchi," in
The Corsican Brothers, is the most dramatic
of all achievements in the sensation line.
The subject of duelling is capable of in
definite extension, but our limits warn xis to
stop, which we do, hoping that the time is
rapidly passing away when there will be any
occasion for such advice as that given by
Grattan, on his deathbed, to his son: "Be
always ready with your pistol."
QROOERIES AND PROVISIONS.
'HOICK
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MEW BUCKWHEAT,
FIRST OF THE SEASON,
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No. KB Booth SIXTEENTH Street,
Wholesale and Ketx.il Dealer In
FR0V1SIONH,
U VOTERS) AtfD BAND CLAMS,
FOR FAMILY US1
TrmTiAPrNS n per ihjzen. sis
ROOFINQ.
" E A D Y ROOFING.
1 Tlil UoullDg ia adapted to all building. H oto
I'Htod STKKP OK FLAT ROOKS
at one-half the expi.nse of tin. Jt ia rmidlly pot on oi
bliimtle Uoofa witiiout rtunorinff the aliiUKlen. f hn uvoid
iuc tuu daiuaKins of ctjilinr.a and fuiuuuie whim uador
rum rrpnira. (No gravel uaed.) .
J'kibVkvH VOL'S J IN KOOI-S WITH WELTOM
M.ASTIU PAINT.
I am altvoT prepared to Hopairaad Paint Roof at short
entice. Also, PAINT I''OH BALK by tbe Barrel or gallon
li,e bbl auii chpeat in tbe market.
W. A, WrLIUHi
817 No. 711 N. NINTH Ktreet, above Uoato
r'ro OWNERS, ARCHITECTS, BUILDERS,
1 ANl KOOi'RH8.-Konf! Yea. yea. Kvery aize and
kind, old or new. At No. Ml) N. THIHIl Ktroet, the AMK.
lJIt'AN CONOKETIC PAINT AND KOOlo COMPANY
are aolling their celebrated paint for TIN 11001-14, and
tor ueatrvinK all wood and melala. Alao, their aolid coi.
I'Iki roof covering, the beat aver o)Tored to the public, with
lruahea, rana, bucket, etc., lor the work. Anti-venniu,
Eire, and Water proof j Ijrht, Tirlit, Durable. No crock
lug, pealing, or tthrmkiufr. No paper, graTel, or beak Good
for ull climutea. Direction given for work, or ened work
nien uppliol. Care, prouipuieas, certainty! Ou arioel
Call! Eiauiino! Judge)
Aeotiu anted lor interior conn Hoe.
4 tf JOSEPH JiEEDS, Principal.
THE ADAMS EXPRESS COMPANY, OFFICf
No. UyO CHK.SNUT Street, forward Parcel, Paok.
age. Merchandise, Bank Note, and Bueoi, either by It
own line or in counecUon with other KipreMOompanie.
to all Ui rlvJpl towna Mid oitiM la U United Nut
V. OOLEMAN,
HoirMtatMidecM
INSURANCE.
DELAWARE MUTUAL SAFETY INSU
HA NCR OOMPA NT. laoerporaied by th Lee
lator el Panneyrr aaua, 1
Offle. 8, & eorner ei TU IHD ad WALNUT Street,
rhiladolphi. .
MARINE INHUKANOFJI
-v-" rir 01 wor,t
On good by river, anal, leke, and land Carriage to all
pari of the Union.
KTUK INSURANCES
Ob MarobandlM aaawaUy on btoros, Dwelling, Hog,
AMKTfl Or Tin OCMTAWY,
Novemlier I.
tacOrOOO tattd State tiTS Par cent. Loaa,
llMo 3,6TO
1JC.0O Unitd Bute Six Far Cent. Loan,
IhHl 136,800-00
tO.OO TJnitod fitatea Hii Per Cent. Loaa
tforPaoiflo Railroad)..... O.OOtTW
W0.M0 State of PenjwyWania, ftix Par Cent.
Loan JU3"-0
196,000 Oily of Philadelphia Bu Par Cleni.
Loan (eiempt from ta LK.St'OO
60,000 Bute of New Jersey tiix Par Cant.
Loan 81.MO-00
80,000 Penn. Rail. First Mortgage 6ix Pat
Cent. Honda. . 8u,200-00
UjOOO Penn. RniL Htoond Mort. Six Pw
Cent. Bond M.0U0 00
86,000 Weatern Penn. Rail. Mortgage Six
Per Cent. Bond (Penn. Railroad
guarantee) 80,25'00
80,000 Bute of Tennessee Fir Per Cent.
Loan ai.OOQOuO
7,000 Stat of Tennease Six Par Cant.
Loan MBlD
R.OOtOeriuiintown Oo Company, prin
cipal and Interest guaranteed by
City of Philadelphia, 300 abarea .
. Stock : . 16,000-00
10,000 Pennsylvania Railroad Company, 800
. ahar-e Stock 11,300 00
6,000 North Pennsylvania Railroad Co., 1U0
ahnre Stock 8,600-flO
80,f00 Philadelphia and Southern Mall .
emo.T Steamship Co., 80 aharee Stock. . .. 16,000-00
IXam on hoard and Mortgage, tirat .
. Lien on City Properties 807,900,00
1.10,000 Far. Market value, 81,130,336
. . Cost, tl.OTO.Gorjtt.
Real FaUU Sfi.OOOIX)
Fllla receivable for insurance mad LLi.-tetj W
valance due at agencips, premium on marina
policies, accrued interest, and other dobU duo
tbeeomnsny 40.178-88
Bt5T . ,oriP ' udry corporation. tSlotL
Estimated value .77 .7 L8130
I Hah in bank gll6,t!0-08
C'aeh in d.wer u b llo.&BS 73
tl.MiJoTK)
rj BT-r.TOPS.
0TV S- Hnl, i EOmnnd A . Bonder,
John O. Dana, 'Samuel K. Stoke.
James O. Hand, i Henry Sloan,
Tbeophilus Paulding, ! William O. Ludwig,
Joseph H. Seal, 'Oeorge O. Leiper,
Hugh Craig, Henry O. Dallett, Jr.,
John R. Penrose. John D. Taylor,
Jacob P. Jones, tieorge W. Betoadon,
James Traqiiair, William (I. Iloulton,
Edward Darlington, Jacob Riegel,
U. Junes Brooke. Spencer Mollvaine,
Jame B. McKarland, ,1). T. Morgan, PitUbnrf,
Edward IalourcdOi John B. Semple.
Joehua P. Eyre, 'A.B. Borger. "
THOMAS (J. HAND, President.
HTNRT LYI.BURN?L,crVia1rViVIS'
HENRY BALL, AasiaUnt Secretary. 10 6
1829.
O II A K T E R FEUFETUAL.
Mdin Fire tarauce Company
OF PHILADELPHIA.
Office, Kos. 435 and 437 CHESNUT St.
Assets Jan. I, '69, $2,677,372" 1 3
CAFTTAL....'.
Arcm iiD SUWLUS...
TKEMIUMS
UNSETTLED CLAIMS,"
f23,;8S'12.
1400,000 -00
l,WM,rVJHTO
l,la3,tM8-43
INCOME FOB 1S09,
tuou.wu.
Perpetonl and Temporary Polioie on Liberal Term.
Tho Company alao issuea Policing on Kent ofaliuildiug
of all kinUa.Uround KentH, and Mortgage.
DIRECTORS.
Alfred G. Baker, Alfred Fitter,
Samuel Orant, I Thomas Spurka,
4ieorge W. Kicbarda. I William S. (.rant,
Ituuic Lra, I Thomas S. Ellin,
Oeorge iales, ' OuaUvus S. liooson.
A.?;?7tf-.E UAKJ,:K" I'reaidont.
JAS. W.M.il.UaW-r'
TJIEODON .E jM tEOEH, Assistant SecreUry. S 9
JNSUKE AT HO ME,
IN TBI
Fcr.n Mutual Life Insurance
COMPANY.
No. 921 C1LESNUT STREET, PniLADELPLUA.
ASSETS, 8.1,000,000.
CllAHTEllED BY OVU. OWN 8TATE.
aiASAUHD BY OVU OWN CITIZEN-!.
"LOSSES PROIirTL,Y PAID.
POLICIES ISSUED ON VAIUOL'S PUMa,
Applications may be made at the Home Office, asd
at the Agencies throughout the State, a iss
JAMES TKAOLAIK PRESIDENT
MAirll KL li. STOKES VICE-PRESIDENT
JOHN VV. HOKNOR A. V. P. and ACTUARY
HORATIO S. STEPHENS. ..KEORKTAUY
J 8 O U R Y
LITE INSURANCE OOMPAWT.
No. Wl BROADWAY, oornar KEADE Street, New Tork
CASH CAPITAL. 6i.
gU,U0lidepoaited with the State of New Yoik
for policy holder.
LEMUEL BANGS, President.
GEORGE ELLIOTT, Vice -President and Secretary
KJdOHY MoOLINTOOK, Actuary
A. E. Al. PURDY, M. D., iledioul Examine,,
Thoma T. Tusker,
nr., zjr.r. M.n nz rr-lualBMIUn.
John M. Man,
J. B. Lipplneott,
Jame Long,
lame Mauler,
Charles Ppencer,
John A. Wright,
Arthur O. Collin.
Willium Divine,
John B. MoUreanr.
o. jaom wain.
In the character
jx. rvurno.
Blent, reaaonnblene of rates. PARTNERSHIP PiTTm
Oh DECLAR1NO DIVIDENDS, no rn.tri.,,! i i. '.ti
ui lui iiimjlujh. Rn nnm, nr ....
b vea, and absolute non-forfeit urs of all policies, and no
restriction of travel alter the BrBt year, the ASK (Jit Y lire,
ent a combination of advantage offered by no otaer
compuny. Policies issued in every form, and loan uf
one-third made when desired.
Mpeeial advantage offered to clergymen.
1 or ail lax that information addrtea
JAMES M. LONOAORR,
. Manager for Pennsylvania and Delaware.
Offlcs. No. aw A I,N UT Ktreet, Philadelphia
KORMAJM?. UOLLiNSUEAD, Special Agent i 16
rrilE ENTERPRISE INSURANCE COMPAN"Y
X OF PHILADELPHIA. -m.-o.mx.
Office 8- W. Corner FOURTH and WALNUT BtnMi.
FIKE INSURANCE EXCLUSIVELY.
ri'.KrtlUAli AflU linn x-ULiCIEH ISSUED
Csah Capital...
ifuh'AiiM.i:yi;im: BJUU,UUU0
F. Ratohford SUrr.
DliiEC'J
"TORS. .
Nalbro Erazier,
John M. Atwood.
Benjamin T. Trediok,
Course 11. Stuart.
J. IJTinfrston Rrrlngar.
J&mea L. Olaghorn, ,
Willium d. Boulton.
Charles Wheeler,
Thoma H. Montgomery,
This Conuiaar insures on! flmiLMi i.t, ,.irt.
John li. urovm.
uajjies Aexieen.
Xiecially baxurdou nsk whatever, oua u faotori
nuJ "e RATOHFORD STARR, President.
THOMAS H. MONTtiOM&RY, VlcaTpreaident.
Auxxxuku W. WiOTF-xi. Secretary. ' '"'deiih
TIKKNIX INSURANCE COMPANF Off
J PHILADELPHIA. V
INCORI'OUATKO 1WII-011ARTER PERPETUAr
No. M WALNUT Street, opposite the Kxcluuw. 1 I
Thi Company insure lrojiUosii or damage Wy j j
on liberal terms, on buildings' merchandise, farnftnr '
etc., far limited periods, aud permanently on buJldiUK bv
di poait of premiums. Kuuumni oy
Rr XTV0v'Vai'?1'" ibftn ln "J"7 onSralUon 'o' more than
MX 1 Y YEARS, during which ail losso hv Lon
promptly adjiutod aud p.iid. w"8 ,
Tuhn L. Hodga, . David levrl.
Al. E. Ma bony,
Benjamin Etting,
Thniuaa H. Power,
A. R. Mclleury,
Edmund Castillon,
Suinuel Wiloox,
tionn 1 . Lewis,
V illinm S. (irunt,
Robert W. learning
js. viara r uaruiu,
Lawrence Lewis, Jr.
ur.i j.ewini.'. norru. '
.ICIIN R. n iliillKREU. President.
i.evt ia 1.'. morns.
6AMrKl WliXOX, SecreUry. 4w
g T R I C T L Y M U T U A L.
Provident Life and Trust do.
OF PHILADELPHIA.
OFFICE, No. Ill S. FOL'KTH 8TREHT.
Orgnnleed to promote LITE IN8URANCB ainoog
niemberiif thu Society ol Friendit.
Good risks of any cUu accnplt'd.
Pollclt lcsufcd on afproved piuuft, at the lowest
m(m" president, SAMUEL R. SHIPLEY,
Vlce-Preaidant, WILLIAM f. l)N(HTItKTH,
H Actuary, ROWLAND PAKKT.
Tbe Rdvantagca oHertd by tlilo tm.pany are un.
excelled. 1 874
'INSURANCE..
(-VFrlCE OF THE INSURANCE OO MP AN f
p4(w..rth amerioa- " WAU,U
arinkV inland' j
uian cw,vo,w aAstons caiu BINOIC JTB otnis
12ATION. "ttUAJI
Avthtrvf fVfvlM
V1MOTOB. -i
fiamnel W. Jotie,
John A. Brown,
Cnarle Taylor,
Ambrose Wbit,
William Welsh,
8. Morris Wain,
John Mason.
K. Cope,
Edward H. Trotter.
Edward S. Clark. '
T. Charlton Honry,
Alfred D. Jesrap.
John P. White,
I-ont O. Madeira,
Cltarlo W. Oaahmaa
A,?iTHV? 1 .COFFIN, President.
Ma HfitZ14"' vUlr.aid.nl
Chas, H. Kur.vy, Asst. Koeretary. tlj
pAME INSURANCE COMPANT.
No. ft9 CHRBNUT Rtreet. ' 1
INCORPORATED 1HM. CHARTER PERPETUAL.
CAPITAL, $80,000. I
FIRE INSURANCE EXCLUSIVELY. f
Insnrea against Loss or Damage by Fire either by Per. I
petnal or Temporary Policies. i
D1HEUTOK8:
rj'?,r,c" je'daou, , Robert Pearoa.
Wi hum I . Hhawn, John Ke-nlr-r, .Ir .
William ALheyfcrt, Edward H. Orne.
Henry I-ewiei, Charles htokos.
Nathan HHIna, ,ohu W. Kverman,
Oeorge A. West. Mordoeai Kn.hy
CHARLES RICHARDSON, President.
WILLIAM II. RUAWN, Vice President.
Wn.ITAM I. BUNCHARn, Secretary, 7 )f
rrilE PENNSYLVANIA FIRE INSURANCE
-- COMPANY. w"
ICV?.' i 'MSo-UiarUir PerpotnaL
N2-J " . ALIS U f M roi;t? oppoita Independence Sonar
I bis Company, favorably known to the community for
over forty yearn, continues to Insure niriMoat Inns er dam.
u iij nre on 1 1111110 or rnvuio riuiIUiniSH, either norma,
nentlyorfora limited time. Also on 1 umiture, Ktook
of t'OfKls, nd Merchandise generally, on liberal form.
Their Capital, together with a Urge Surplus Kund. i
Invented in the most careful ninunor. which enables then
to oner to thainaured an undoubted security in the cm
Dinner n.
Daniel Rmith .Jr .
Inhn Iln.A.n.
Alriandor Benson,
Isaac HnKlohiii-at,
Thoniaa Smith,"
Henry fyiwis.
1 noma luiums
. u. Miiungtiiun roll.
xuuiei inntines. ,lr.
O. CROWELVeo;.lm' '
WM
JMPERIAL
FLUE INSUltANCE
LONDON.
CO.,
ESTAHIJSIIED iso:j.
Paid-up Capitol aud Accumulated Fund,
88,000,000 I TV GOLD.
PEEV0ST & HEKRIWG, Agenti,
8 45 No. 10T 8. TnERD Street, ruuadclphfa.
wtiLPREvoiTcnAs. p. herring.
8HIPPINQ.
QUFETJJ? R P O O L AND
It J ifKi.. "'TOWN Inman Unt of Mai .
BrtM'.J f!m8r appointed toail L tS)
lina, via Halifax , Tunsdav Oel to ,iipu
.... ouiufdHy, ict. Ml at, P M i
frlUr'pt .nda,a!tr. TB0.da,'
KT Tint MArr'18 OF PAPSAOE.
ToParia..... V! 3." fn1,0B
St. John's, N. E., ..1st. .lehn' ii ii
by Branch Steamer... . by BnSiJl. ki I
l'aaeengor. forwarded to Ham w.,ilem8E ""'
etc at rwluccd rato. Hamburg, Bremen,
Tiikot. ... I. V. LI 1 .
ons wiBliltiff to send for thair frinH- Qeraie mo b
.-l"rllr?'owon apply at tho Oomnnnv- nm
JUHN O. DALE, Agent,
or.t O'DONI
t IV ft T 1 A- a - . . .. '"VT
N. Y
o
o. iu ctlKSNUT Street. Philadelphia.
-:.r-'V"'L" rauiiK. Arm
nts,
ONLraiKECTLINETO FRANCE
Bit EST. A VxtrC, CALLLXU AX
Jhe splendid now veanels on this favorit .ni. r.. ,v
Continent will U from Pier nl WorthwIt4r
lngold(lnclndirgPi!.n0irPAS8A0"
l- . r, 10 IREST OR HAVRE
lust Cabin $140 Second Cabin.
..ta
fi "w(0?Btwo"w,'nR or returning from theoor
unrryr
1.- :- .,.,. Wo-.MI'ROAprVAY.AWYoTlt.
ConilMTST' -'?". l'Ply at Adams' Expm
1 No.I13r) fil,HW,vntA.fu
" ' "' ' - '" lUBII.
CHARLESTOM. S. Ca
THE SOUTH AND S0UTHWK8T.
FAST FKEIQHT 3L,HVJa,
EVERY THTJESDAV. '
The Steamships PROMETHEUS, Capta'n Gray 'and
W. KVE11MA1-, Captain 111" "ley'"7' aM
WILL. EOKM A KKIJITI.a w VL-L-t iV, V.
The stearriHlitp PRCJIKTIIEIS, wiA aaii
THURSDAY. Oi tnhnr l at 1 P ' WW "aU
OB
ThrotieU bills pi ludltig given in connection wltt
S. C. IL li. to points Iu tho bouth and Southwest.
Insurance at lowest rates. Hates of freight aa low
as by any other route. For freight, apply to
a R a- sorjDjrfi: 4 CO..
882tf DOCK STKKKT WHARP.
rs. LOKILLARD'S STEAMSHIP
AT.T T vmsn nv.
NEW YORK.
Bailing on Tuesday, Tharadays, and Saturday. '
REDUCTION OE KATES. . . '
Freight by this line taken at 19 oenU per 100 pound,
sent per foot, or 1 cent per gallon. hip' option. Ad
vance charges cashed at ofbo on Pier. Freight receive:
at aU time on sovorsd wharL
JOHN F, OHL,
2 Pier 19 North Wharve.
B. N. Extra" rate on small package Iron, metal, eta.
Vfc. PHIIDELPnU. RICHMOND,
lSr,tSzhfO NOREOLK STKAM.SJIIP LDVBi
if, I y1 K';'? Ji LINK Id
SBT mOV m fiil A 11 ri cii u iilAHU vv r.,xB
EVERY SATURDAY,
At noon, from i'lKbT WUAitE abov MARK El
Street.
l ilKUL'OH KA IK.H to an point m North and Boat!
Carolina, via Hca board Ah- Line Railroad, oouneeting at
Portsmouth and to Luobburg, Va., Tenneewe. and tot
We.-.t, viu Virginia and leuueeae Air Luie and Riohmoni
nd Danville Itailrond. -
Ereivht HANDLED BUTONOE, and taken at LOWE
PA'il 8 THAN ANY OTHER LINK. 'MMmun wvvjta;
The regularity, ta'Miy, and cheapuees of thl rant com
n end it to tbe public a the moat deaiiabl nj odium
j rrying every description of froitjht.
No charge lor oonuiiinsioa, diayege, or any exponai
tianHfer.
r-iuamhip Insured al the lowest ratoe.
1 might received daily.
WILLIAM P. CLYDE A nri
No 12 S. WHARVES and Pier 1 N. WHAIlWq
W. P. POUTER. Agent at Hiuhnionrt and ( iif pii
T. P. CKOW.Ll, A CO., Agent, at Nsrfolg.
- a, NOTICEFOR NEW YORK VI
DELAWARE AND RARITAN CANAr
aiaMkt. EXPKi-HS riTEAM HO AT OOd PA w
Tho CHEAPES'i; and QUICKEST wat.t .ommuulv.
Won between Philadelphia and New York. ""'a1
(Steamers loave daily troiu first wharf below isrkm
Blreet, PLiladulphia, and loot of Wall street. New Vol
Ceds fomnrued by nil the lino running out of j3
York, North, East, aud West, li-ee of oouuiiiimioa.
v .r u b awi-i.u f-u.. rw.nui.ii-u u,, Rucommoiiatia
Urn. . ,WILI 1AM P. CLYDE A CO .Agent
No. 13 b. DELAWARE Avenue, PhiladXhU.
1 F7.ai NE.W RXPRF.S3 LINE
lA Alexandria, Oeorgetown. and WaKhinj.-1
bteaiuere loave regularly evoy Satnri..i - .
B'l-t nhart above Market lueeiu B"urdt noon from ka
ireight recoivsd daily.
WILLIAM P. CLYDE A OO..
HYPE TYLER.'A1toNn7sth'lanttlJV","h"
lK?Jh NOTICE FOR NEW YORK VTA
i-Alcll AND BWIETKITRK LINK M-a-Er.
thVuhftt'i!'' " ttJ"0 '"will be'Vesumed onnd aft,
tho 8th of March, l or IreighU, which Will b taken o
acconimudu'.iDM leruia, apply to u" ea
fio W. M. RAIRO A CO.,
No. LJ (jouta W bajte.