THE DAILY EVENING TELEGRAPH PHILADELPHIA, FRIDAY, JULY 30
3
WAK.
The AriiuiiiH'iilM of li iroiip.
In view of the miili'l'mtud .illiaiici! between
Vrunce, Austria, uml Italy lignum tlio North
itrninn tonlcdeifilion, tlio loll'.viii HtateiniMit
of their armies and navies will prove Interesting:-
FUANCK.
The French nrmv, neeor.linsr to the new law of
February 1, lfW, consists ot tin; ictivo army and
the reserve, each numbering 4 K),0;) men. A
"Cnrde Nationalc Mobile," vl..eh will number
uTiO.OCU men, is intended to co-operate lor the
defence of fortresses, coast, and frontiers. The
Matiomtl (iuard has a military organization, and
1h iiliiccil under ttie Minister of War. Together,
the active army, (lie riferve, and the National
(iuard uiihi1.it i,:;..0.(!(M men. Aeeordini; to tin)
French rcturiiR, mblished in last January, the
condition of the annv of Fran, e at tlio end of
last year was as follows:
Total available military foives...
Number of regular troojis
Active annytat home
Active unity in Alirerla
Active niniy in Italy
Total In active service
. . TlHr.tNk)
. :;ts,h:.j
. . C.t,r:;i
5.3 2 S
. 4 Kill
The new naval force of l'i;m e, the only one
that constiutes the real maritime ulrenlh of the
empire, counts, 'as completed at the end of la-t
J ear, bl 4 slcaiiiers and 10 sailing vessels. The
steamers Include .VI iron-dads.
A t'STHI A.
The strcnutli of the Austtian army on the
Mace and war footing was in I as I'lllo.vs:
War .
bos.4ir
ii..i.or.)
Infantry l.vs.TOti
Cavalry ;i'..:.!'l
C'ther "troops 1:1 l
Total :::. otu 7")i,i;i
In addition to these troops there. wore 'Troop'
of I'liblic tjalcly," consistim; of 11 commands of
e;eiis(larnuTie iiiul the corps ol military police;
together, 70,327. The navy consisted in IsilSol
45 steamers with 13,75(1 horse-power and 5i;)
guns, and 10 Bailing vessels witli ili cauuon.
1TAI.V.
The Italian army in 1S!V.) was, according to the
bliduct of the .Minister of War, to consist of
lb4,4ol men on the peace footing and 57.'!.7,.'1 .-.u
the war lootinir. The number of war ships was,
on January 1, 0'.), aimed with 2Ti fiins. The.
number of iron-dads was Zi, armed with
K-niis.
NOUTII GERMAN CONFEDERATION.
Accoiiiinu; to an ofl'idal aeeoiint published at
Rerlin, the effective strength of the North Ger
man army was last year as follows: i;j,(i'.id olli
eers, 30,177 sub-ollicers, 2i'.)JM non-eomiuis-fioned
ollieers and men, 2180 hospital assistants,
1)100 artisans, 40:i accountants, 5:!:i veterinary
rnirgeons, 440 armorers, and 70 saddlers total,
ol4,&!8. There are also 7;,:i:i horses. The
numbers above given are those of the army
when on a peate looting, as at present: if placed
on the war establishment, the battalions of the
guard and the line, which now have each fW.l and
i'.'A men respectively, would be raised to
their lull strength of 1000 men. niaUiugatot.il
of about 077,000 men. The number of horses,
too, on the war establishment would be 150,0, It)
more than double the present number. The
North German licet in ISliS con.-isted of 'hi ships
and 30 gunboats, the toraier carrying 4 )" gnus,
and the latter OS. There arc alsj lyi sloops, to
each of which are attached from two to lour
boats armed with gnus.
John iti(i;iiT.
Mr. ItrlAtlit' Klcrtion to MiinlirrN!iIp nCllic
Alliciiu urn i'liitt SiKiilliriiuce ol iiie Klti-i ion.
From the lhtity Xeirn, July 17.
The spontaneous complimentary election
of Mr. Bright, by a unanimous vote of the com
mittee of the Athemcuiu Club, is one of those
pleasant instances of good feeling and good fel
lowship which soften the asperities ot public
life in this country, and preserve the comity of
social relations unimpaired, i. not in some sort
enhanced, by the fierce contentions of the most
energetic and combative political society in the
modern world. In some foreign countries pri
vate friendship and personal esteem are insepa
rable lrom community of public and political
action, and never survive it. Where frequent
revolutions have divided parties into proseribees
nnd proscribed, this intolerance is perhaps not
so surprising as regretablc. But it is a misfor
tune for all. nevertheless. If it adds anything
to the dignity and austerity of public duty, it
robs political life of its consolation and its
charm.
Happily, in England, public men of all parties
have learned to tread a common ground, aud to
breathe a neutral air, in serving and loving one
and the same country, each according to his con
science and convictions. The moment they step
out of the arena, combatants no longer, but com
patriots only, they leave their differences at the
door of Parliament or of tlio public meeting.
It is a comfort, in the midst of a political crises,
to hear of the committee which unanimously
elected Mr. Bright having been presided
over by one of the most learned aud ac
complished of conservative peers. These
extraordinary elections to the Atheua'utn
cannot, of course, be compared with
the choice of the Forty of the French Academy.
That illustrious literary body has, ever since its
origin, admitted a considerable sprinkling of
members who were only men of letters by cour
tesy, and whoso distinction, if they had any,
was gained by other weapons than the pen. But
it has always, and most wisely, refused to limit
distinction in literature to the works of the pen;
the pulpit aud the tribune (that modern French
rostrum) have added their marvels of religious
and political oratory to the classic mas
terpieces of the poet, the histo
rian, the humorist, and the biographer. Wer
the Atueuit'iim in any sense an academical insti
tution, a more distinctive literary society than
it pretends to bo, Mr. Bright's two volumes of
Parliamentary speeches would amply reeoia
mend him to its suffrages. As It is ho has, no
doubt, lieen elected simply as one of the most
remarkable men of his time and country, and
accordinir to general report, one of the most
"clubbable" of Cabinet Ministers. To be a club
bable man is not, as we were saying the other
day, necessarily to be possessed of all the social
virtues. But it is not inconsistent witu tuetn;
and it is at least an Indispensable virtue in an
eminent member of a club, and one not invari
ably asKoeiated with the qualities which make a
statesman.
POUND.
llrliiteriiiciit ol I Im Itenialns ol King CiiMluilr.
Vraeow (July t) Correxiiondi iu'e Pall Mall Gazette.
A correspondent at Cracow, writing on the
fllh iust.. savs: "Tho remains of the Polish
King Casimir the Great, which were accidentally
discovered here the other day d uring tno periorin-
anee of some repairs to his tomb, were reiuterred
with great solemnity on the 7th lust. Tho whole
city went into mourning for the occasion, aud
was crowded with visitors from all parts of
Poland. Anions' the distinguished Poles who
took part in the ceremony were Prince Loon
Siipleha, Count Andrew Zamovski, Count Adam
Potoekl, Prince Lubomirski, tho Polish Deputies
in tlio Parliaments ol lenna and Berlin, uud
several artists and literary men. The peasants
and Jews also assembled in great numbers to do
homage to the Polish hero, who was their most
powerlul champion. When the skull, which
gives evidence of great intellectual development,
was taken out of the box where it had been
placed, the peasants who were present begged
permission to touch It as a saerod relic, 'f hu
bones are unusually large aud well formed, and
show that the K ing must have been more than
six feet high. They were placed, together with
mo sceptre ana oilier ornaments, in a copper
coffin, with the following inscription: "Casi
rnirl Miignl Ossa, Insignia Kogia, Ornatusquo
Kellquiic, In redlclendo hoc Sepulero fcllclter
Inventa, pie conlecta, A. 1). MDCCCLXIX,
'!?.. dul!U8 uac Ar:G condita, jaeent
jv.i.j.. mo coinu was then can
ned in procession to tho cathedral by
Prince Sapleha and representative, of all classes
of Polish society, and a grand funeral service
was performed in tho chapel oi tUeYusa dynasty,
where the coffin was finally deposited. Not
withstanding the Immense crowd uml the total
absence of the police, the greatest order pre
vailed during the whole of the proceedings. No
political ppeeches were delivered, nor was any
political feeling iimnlfeKted in other ways,
though this assemblage' of nobles aud peasants
In their characteristic Polish costumes, Jew,
mountaineers from the Carpathians, Kuthcuians
from Kaftern Gallieia, and Mazovlans from
Poscn, to do honor to the memory of a Polish
king, showed far more Mrikinicly than any
merely political demonstration could do the
Ftrenuth of the patriotism which still binds to
gether the Poles In all parts of their partitioned
country."
THE rillXCII'ALITIKS.
Pel Ncctttion of Hie .lewd.
From frV .oiiiori Xcuh, lMh.
Mr. Alderman Salomons probed the other
niglit a sore wnien seems 10 nu ciirome in ni'i
cast of l-.urope at least ie hear of it periodi
cally. It is the persecution of the Jews in tho
Daiiubian principalities. Mr. Otway, though he
gave the assurance in reply that our diplomatic
it resentative has used his intbience to prevent
the ill-treatment of the Jews, only confirmed
the worst reports which reach u , and gave his
imthoi ity to the telegram forwarded by Baron
Bothi-child. From this communication it would
iii.pi ar that the Jews are sometime drowned,
subjected to torture and violence., their heads
shaved to render them ridiculous, their
whes and children injured by the soldiers,
and that, in short, they are. persecuted
with a rigor which, to use the mild language of
Alderman fcalomons. is not "congenial with tin;
auc in which wc live." Mr. Otivay, it seems,
counts on the enlightened influence of the Prince
who now gocms the Damibiau Principalities to
inaugurate a better state of things. Certainly
Prince C barb s is following to a large extent t'.ie
example of Western potentates. Like the King
ol Prussia, he has travelled round his kingdom.
Kmiilating the l'.mperor Napoleon, he has
thought lit to tax the country heavily for the
maintenance of a large army; "and at the present
moment he is amusing himself with a Roimni
nian ( halons. At Sereth an army corps of 15.000
effective soldiers are encamped. Prince Charles
spending a tew weeks with them and indulging
in martial harangues. According to our Kuglish
notions, this is not by any means the straight road
to enlightenment and a great deal of enlighten
ment is needed to put an end to the barbarities
of which we hear so much. It is a mistake,
however, to believe that the Jews in Houmania
are quite free from blame. Some of them have
pandered to the most dangerous vice of the
semi-barbarian peasant population, kike the
red Indian who deserts the prairies for the great
towns, the Roumanian peasant cannot control
his wild passion for spirits. So quickly does in
toxication ruin him, that the Roumanian gov
ernment, and also thai of Servia, have enacted
laws to restrict the sale of alcoholic liquors in
the (.pen country. According to the Berlin
Ccrri r-jiai'lt itt, the Jews had the almost entire
li, onopoly of this trade, and Caring more for
their ducats than for public morality, they
defied the laws and reaped a golden harvest
from the sale of forbidden liquors. This fre
quently offered a good pretext, for riot, and was
considered by the fanatical population as a clear
proofed Jewish infamy. At the same time it was
construed with wonderful sdl-complacency into
a proof of Christian superiority. Of course,
therefore, persecution of the "Jews became
laudable, or at lea.-t not blameworthy. It so
happens, however, that the Jews as a'elassare
not less sensible than their Christian friends of
the evil at work, and the more respectable
Israelites inhabiting the cities have, besides in
veighing against the persecutions to which they
are subject, protested energetically againt the
illegal sale of spirits by their less worthy kins
men. Seeing that there is blame on both sides,
it is to be wished that the Rotimaniau Govern
ment would take the matter seriously in hand.
Its skilful administration has succeeded per
fectly in obtaining at the late general elections
a return of the "agreeable candidates;" and
being thus strong, it could scarcely enforce its
own laws without permitting the revival of
media'val persecutions and tortures. Where
fanaticism and ignorance, however, are com
bined, there is but one sovereign cure possible
and tl at is education, flow long shall it ho
before we can think of the Daiiubian Princi
palities as, in any true sense ot the word, edu
cated t
(KUTE.
Condition of the. Christian Kcsldciii.
In the House of Commons, rm July 10, Mr.
Sergeant Dowse asked the Under Secretary of
State for Foreign Affairs whether any steps were
at present being taken by tho lurkisti trovern-
ment to secure to the Christians iu i,reie ttiose
civil and religious rights, the enjoyment of
which had been so frequently promised by the
Turkish Government to its 'Christian subjects
since the Crimean war.
Mr. Otway replied that the Porto had taken
steps to secure those rights to the Christians of
Crete by the introduction into the island since
the termination of the insurrection of the Vilayet
system of administration. I uder that system
a General Assembly was elected, whose duty it
was to apportion between ttie governments
into which the Island was divided the
amount of direct taxes to be raised; to regu
late the collection of indirect taxes, to con
trol the geueral revenue and expenditure, and to
discuss measures oi administration, inunrst
session of that body had just been held. Her
Maiestv's Consul reported that the elections had
been conducted with perfect order and fair
ness, not a single complaint of interference on
the part of the authorities having been made;
but that it would oniy ue uy experience tuai any
correct opinion as to the working of that system
of administration could be formed. Local
councils, with functions of a corresponding
character, were elected lor each ol the govern
ments into which the island w as divided, ihe
composition of the General Assembly and of the
local councils was as follows; Delegates in equal
numbers, Christians and Mussulmans, were elect
ed bv the inhabitants protesting tho two reli
gions in mixed districts; and Christians alone
were ' elected in districts only inhabited bv
Christians. All measures of a repressive
nature adopted during the Insurrection seemed
to have been withdrawn; tne reiugees nau con
tinued to return in large numbers; a general
disarmament had been quietly effected, and the
Porte had granted the same sum that was for
merly given towards the maintenance of Chris
tian schools. A general measure of education
would probably bo adopted as soon as duly-
qualilied teachers could no obtained.
DchiIi oT W illiam Jerdiin.
The death of AVllliam Jordan, F. S. A., who
was for thirty-four years editor ol the London
l.ltirnri (lau tte. Is announced. He was born
In 17b2,'and was therefore In his eighty-seventh
venr lie was one oi uie i" ihotuiui me
assassination OI -nr. reieevai, iuc vuiuitcuor iii
. .. r Tl. 1 .l. 'I..,.. 1, - C
the Fxchetiuer. and assisted in the arrest ot bell-
infhiitii. the murderer. In 1850 a pension of
(400 wns irriinted n in: anu ne reeeiveu a uanu-
sonic testimonial, the subscribers to which were
.ill men of distinction iu literature, science, and
art. Among his own works his "Autobiogra
phy," published several years ago, was the most
successful, and will remain ono of tho best
volumes of personal anecdote iu tne memoirs oi
his time.
X7Z2W3 SUXSZX&AR'Sr.
:itv Affair.
Tim Directors of the Union League are
having their splendid building renovated and
t tl J tvn 1 1 (( 1 1 I 17 THI1IIH(1. 1UO vx w
vr.,,f w l.nen naintod a light blue color,
which presents a beautiful appearance. Tho
....f i.a nluo l.een overhauled. It is contem
plated, also, to refit the interior. It is a grati-
that this fine structure, which
is ono of the institutions of Philadelphia, is
to be kept in a proper condition uy tne liberal
.-ntleiiien who form the League.
On Wednesday next a convention will
take place at Concert Hall for the purpose of
aominfttiDg temperance ctuiuiuuiea 4Wt tUg
city and county offices at the coming October
eUction. The different ward procinctH have
elected their delegates to the convention, and
it is understood thnt the candidates nomi
noted will all lie strict teetotallers and steadfast
adherents to the temperance cause.
A fire-alnrru box has been placed in the
house of the Insurance Fire Patrol, on Second
street, below Arch. They will now receive
nil nliirnis of fire as promptly as the firemen
themselves.
Yesterday the semi-nnnnal session of tho
Ornnd Lodge of Pennsylvania of tho Order of
Iiii(hts of Py thins crime to a close at Musical
Frnd Ilnll, after tho transaction of much iin.
poi tant business.
PomcHtic Allnlrs.
Gold dosed yesterday at BKJA.
Tho tailors of New York demand an in
crease of salary of ;S5 per cent.
Tho Hon. Isaac Toueey is lying ill at
Ilnrtford, and is not expected to recover.
An investigation has been ordered into
the Apache murders in New Mexico.
Mr. Iligelow on Monday enters on his
duties as chief editor of tho New York 1'inux.
The contract for manufacturing distillery
lo( ks hns been awarded to tho Townsend Coui-
piiiiy of llulVulo.
J. Woodruff Lewis is under arrest in Hart
ford, Conn., charged with passing forged rail-
roi.d certificates in New Yolk.
-At New York, yesterday, tho Eckford
!i.M 3 '.till Club, of that city, beat tho Mary
land Club, of iliiltiniore. by a score of 21
to ;.
-The Commercial Punk of Ilristol, Khode
Island, is closed ou account of irregularities
in the conduct of ono of its officers. A largo
uniomit of cash is missing.
On the L';id of Aumist, proximo, a meeting
of general officers who fought at Gettysburg
is to be held. Union and Confederate officers
have both been invited.
Fifty raftsmen on a Mississippi boat, near
Hampton, yesterday made an attack on tho
negro imployes, and killed four. Forty of tho
rioters were arrested.
Tho forger Abbott, arrested a few days
ago in New York for uttering spurious Koek
Island certificates, it is now discovered had
altered n quantity of Michigan Central certifi
cates to larger amounts than they wore issued
for, and was preparing to disposo of them.
Foreign A Halm.
The Harvard crew nro in steady practice
on tho Themes.
-The Carl is ts in Spain are flying and tho
cause is coiisulereit lo.-t.
Furloughs have been granted, which will
reduce the French nrniv by 1 s.o;)D men.
-Yesterday the Prince Koyal of Denmark
was miirntil to the l'lincess Jjomse of
eden.
-In tho House of Commons, last night,
Mr. Otway said that the present condition of
affairs between Mexico and I'.nglanl pre
vented the F.nglish Government from aiding
tho holders of Mexican bonds.
IMILH0A1) CERTI FICATE FORUERIES.
I iirtiit Cerlilii-aK'M lor Onr-linlf Million of
IfollnrM on Hie ( liii-iiuo, ItiicU I -.bunt, nnd I'n
l ilic It ailroiiil, ilieliiiiu Central nml I'ltrttic
it! utl 1 iii:iiiiiicN, miiIiI to lie in the .Mnrkct
Arret.! of One of the Alli-Kt'd Formers The
MmhiH Opt riimli uf Operations.
In these latter dajs of shrewd financial
swindlers, there has been no fraud developed
revealing more sagacity and cool audacity of
criminality than that brought to light in the
arrest ot tieorge A. Abbott, alias Dodge, iN orris,
and other aliases, on a charge of uttering forged
certificates of shares of stock of the Chicago,
Koek Island, and Paeitle Kailroad Company.
He was arrested, as will bo remembered, on
Tuesday, on complaint of William Heath,
broker, iso. 15 Broad street, tho specified charge
against him being ottering for sale a forged cer
tificate for 100 shares of stock of the railroad
company just named.
A second complaint ot a similar character was
preferred against him to-day, and upon it he
was brought' from his cell in'the Tombs, where
he has been confined ever since his arrest, before
Judge Hogan, for examination. Ho evinced a
seeming indifference to the proceedings. 1 here
w as quite a large attendance at the examination,
including Mr. John F. Tracy, President of the
Chicago, Koek Island, and Pacific Kailroad Com
pany, and a number of leading brokers dealing
specially in railroad stocks. The present is be
lieved to le but the beginning ol the develop
ments of these forgeries.
There is no doubt but that Abbott has been
largely engaged in this species of fraud, and that
he has a number of efficient accomplices ope
rating iu tho leading cities of the country. A t ier
his arrest and arraignment at tho Tombs, somo
papers were lound on the lloor where ho was
t-tandlng, which, on examination, proved to bo
lorgcdcountertcltsol Michigan Central Kin road
stock. There arc said to be forgeries alloat ol
tho Pacific Mail Company. The modus ujieraitdi
is to obtain possession of certificates of small
value and alter them to represent larger values.
it is said mat these changes amount to over
half a million of dollars. The follow ing is the
evidence taken on the second complaint:
tliarics t,. iuuicy was tho urst witness, lie
testified that he is cashier of William Heath iV
Co., brokers at No. 15 broad street, and also
attorney of the firm. On the 10th of July the
prisoner, George A. Abbott, came to him at the
office in liroad street, and through him pur
chased one hundred shares at $100 each of the
Chicago, Koek Island and Pacific Kailroad stock,
first series. No. '.1(170, which certificate was de
livered to him on the same dav. On the 27th of
July Abbott called on him again, and delivered
lor sale a forged certificate purporting to be the
same certificate lor the same stock sold him on
July 10.
T'he stock was in favor of Mirvin Brothers A
Co.. dated New York, 10th day of March, lSb'.l,
first series. No. !Hi7'.l, uud signed W. F. Cullough,
Treasurer, and John F.Tracy, President. Abbott
represented that this latter stock was the same
that had been previously delivered to him by the
w itness. Since this occurrence witness had been
informed by Augustus Hull, clerk of said rail
road company, that this latter document, claim
ing to be u eertiileato of stock, is a counterfeit
(.the original of said certificate being produced
and shown), and ho therefore charged said Ab
bott with liming iu his possession said paper,
w ell know ing the same to be false, forged, and
counterfeit, and with the felonious Intent to
utter the sanus as true, aud with a view to cheat
aud defraud.
Augustus Hull testified that he was a clerk at
the office of the Chicago, Koek Island and Pacific
Kailroad Company, States of Illinois and Iowa.
He had examined' the alleged forged certificate
referred to by Mr. Quliicy. This certificate he
pronounced false and forged; tho original had
been cancelled at their office; it was his duty as
clerk to fill up tho body of the certificates of
stocks Issued by the company; the filling up in
the original certificate was iu his handwriting;
tlio filling up iu the forged certificate was not in
his handwriting, and were therefore false and
fraudulent; his wus a genuine certificate, and
had been altered from a certificate of ono share.
W illiam B. Bradford, of the firm of Head Aj
Bradford, brokers, No. 74 Broadway, testified
that the accused delivered to him, on or about
the Hth, who sold on his (Abbott s) account,
the original certificate for 100 shares, 100 each,
stock of Chicago, Koek Island, and Pacific Hail
road Company, States of Illinois and Iowa, first
series, No. 11070, dated New York. 10th day of
March, 180'.), and drawn in favor of Marvin Bro
thers & Co. Abbott desired him to sell this cer
tificate, aud with the proceeds to purchase 100
shares of Pacific Mail stock, which he did, and
subsequently delivered to Abbott.
He was positive that tho certificate (which
was produced, being tho origiual), and which
had been identified by Mr. Qulncv as the cer
tificate purchased through him lor Abbott, 18 the
same as that delivered by Abbott to him'(the
witness), and sold as (dated.
There being no further testimony to offer, Ab
bott was recommitted to tho city prison with
out bail to answer at tho Court of General Ses
sions A. 1'. Ti U gram of last evening.
RIOT.
Scrloun IHMtnrlinnr on n Miatlrpl River
M'Hiiit-Hv- 1'rraoiiM Killetl.
Pout Hykon, 111., July silt. A riot occurred
on the steamer Dubuque, from St. Louis for St.
Paul. This morning one hundred and fifty
raflMiien took passage at Koek Island and
Davenport. When the steamer started a negro
deck-hand was placed at tho forward steps to
guard tin in while the clerk collected the
tickets of the passengers. Ono of tho
raftuncn being refused passage by the
negro deck-hand, assaulted the black and
was promptly knocked down, and the steamer
stopped at Hampton, when the raftsmen attacked
the colored men, driving them into tho river.
Four of them were pelted with lumps of coal
and finally drowned. Another colored man. who
had been badly stabbed, was dragged from a
lady's state room and thrown overboard, lie
was drowned bclore help could reach him. Cap
tain Kliodcs, of the Dubuque, telegraphed to
Clinton for a force to arrest the rioters.
Meantime they assumed complete control of
the boat; all the colored men who escaped tied
t'i Koek Island, where Deputy Sheriff Paiuo en
rolled one hundred men. and took a special
train on the Western L'nion Kailroad, and
reached Clinton bclore the Dubuque. Tho boat
was seized by the Sheriff and returned to Koek
Island. All the ringleaders are iu custody at
lioc k Island. They were led from the boat in
single file, and identified. Over forty are in
custody. No blame is attached to the ollieers of
the boat.
Tlio ii ii j-1 v si iii a 4j!cri;iu.
I'l' in th? Jnlinttmrn (I'd.) Tribunt.
Many of the early settlers of Pennsylvania and
Maryland wire (iernians, Hollanders, and Swiss,
who were driven by religious intolerance in
their own lands to seek new homes in free
America. William I'enn, the ti'iaker, founder
of Pennsylvania, and George Calvert, the
Catholic founder of Maryland, having cceured
guarantees of civil and religious liberty in the
charters of their respective provinces, the
bliorcs of the Delaware and Chesapeake natu
rally offered an asylum to all who preferred
tolerance to intolerance In matters of religion.
During the closing year of the seventeenth cen
tury and up to the commencement of the Ameri
can Revolution in the succeeding century, many
thousands of the people we have mentioned
crossed the ocean aud settled in Eastern Penn
sylvania and Maryland. Some of them pushed
iiito the Shenandoah Valley in Virginia. Tha
Klienish provinces of (iermauy seem to have
furnished a large proportion of the German
settlers, lllieiiish Bavaria ( Pfal.), Wurteuibiirg,
and linden sent large numbers of emigrants.
Switzerland sent many thousands. There never
was a very large emigration of Hollanders t'i
Peinisyhania, the prows of their vc-r-els. being
generally directed towards New York.
In a brief time the representatives of the three
nationalities became so thoroughly intermingled,
by reason of relig'uus ties, iuti'i iiiarriages, simi-
antv oi custom and language, and general
harmony of interests, that they formed one
homogeneous class, by some called Pennsylvania
iennans, and 1 v others Pennsylvania Dutch.
The Swiss settlers ceased entirely to be called
Schweiers, or Swiss.
With the perfect union thus established, and
familiar intercourse with the Knglish-sneaking
settlers, came a iijv colloquial and written lan
guage, also called Pennsylvania German or
I'ennsvlvania Dutch, which is still largely
spoken, but not much written, in some sections
of Pennsylvania, Maryland, and Virginia, and
in some portions ot the Western States to which
the descendants of the Pennsylvania Germans
emigrated. As a language, it must in time yield
at an pomis to tne pure English and German
tongues. lew now speak it who do not also
speak English. It is mainly a compound of the
bavarian and Sw iss dialects ot the German lan
guage, vtith many English and a few Dutch
uionanii) words aucieii. it is ilounttul it a
1'eniisylvaniau German could make himself
understood in any part
or Switzerland to-day.
The religious belief of
of Holland, Germany,
the carlv Pennsylvania
Germans was that ot the Meiinouites and German
Paptists or Tunkers. The Meiinouites were the
lirst to come. Their lirst settlement in this
country was made at Gerinaniown in l(i;i:i, the
year after Penn commenced his settlement at
1 hiladelphia. 1 hose who settled at Geriiiautown
wire Hollanders. The Meiinouites who followed
them came from Holland, Germany, and Switzer
land. The first colony of tho liretlircu or Tun
kers also settled at Geriiiautown and its vicinity
in 1 Till thirty-six years after the lirst Mcnnn
nite settlement. They were (iennans who had
taken refuge from religious persecution in Hol
land. I'ther tunkers loilowcd in lT.i'.K and
during succeeding years. America soon became
the stronghold ot the new religion. Although
its adherents spread into various parts of Ger
many, Holland, and Switzerland, our researches
led us to conclude that the most of them finally
found their way to this country. The Meiino
uites, on the other hand, are still more nume
rous iu Europe than in America, Holland being
their stronghold. Here their founder, Menno
Simon, was bom in 1505. Jacob Amen, the
leading spirit of the Amish branch of the Mcuuo-
nite sect, was a native ot Switzerland
Strictly speaking, the Tunker and Mennonito
faiths were almost identical at the time of which
we are writing, differing only in minor par
ticulars. Potli sects recognized and still recog
nize the Dortrccht Confession of ltKW as theii
standard theological belief. The noints of dif
ference relate chietly to church government and
other outward observances, but even in these
there is great similarity of practice. The Men
nonltes were in existence long anterior to tho
Tunkers. Menno Simon, their founder, was a
contemporary of Luther In the sixteenth cen
tury, while tho Tunkers did not have a deno
minational existence until the beginning of the
eighteenth century, their iirst church having
been organized in 1708, at Swartzenau, In the
province of Witgenstein. It is proper to add
that both the Tunkers and Mcnuoniics claimed
to have received their religious faith In great
part from the Waldeuses and Albigenses, aud
through them from the primitive Christians
It may be of interest to the reader to learn
that Witgenstein was formerly a small State of
about tt5 German square miles, governed by a
count, and that halt of it subsequently belonged
to the Duchy of Nassau and half to Klienish
Prussia. Now, sluce Nassau was absorbed by
Prussia iu 1S0S, it all belongs to the kingdom of
Prussia.
Ninety-nine out of every hundred of the Meii
nouites and Tunkers are fanners. Their mode
of life is simple iu tho extreme. They dress
plainly, live frugally, aud practise a very strict
code of morals. Their honesty, truthfulness,
and industrial are proverbial. They do not min
gle much with the world, but are stayers at
home, minding their own business, and minding
it well. Poverty Is almost unknown among
them. They aro slow to abaudon tho customs of
their fathers, aud do not readily adopt modern
innovations of any kind. They were originally
opposed to tho common school system, but now
almost unanimously favor it. They are op
posed to war, and generally settle all disputes
among themselves without going to law.
We have said that the Mennonltcs and
Tunkers were the lirst of tho German settlers of
our State, aud to this we now add that they con
stitute to-day a very largo portion of our old
Pennsylvania German population, especially In
the rural districts. Lutherans, Moravians, and
representatives of other religious denominations
followed them from Germany, but did not pre
cede them. Whole sections of our State are In
habited by them. They early spread into tho
fertile Cumberland valley, and thence pushed
iuto Bedford, Somerset, and Cambria counties.
A few of them crossed the Chestnut Ridge and
Laurel Hill iuto V estmoreland, Indiana, and
other western counties of the State. Their set
tlement iu Cambria county was made during tho
closing year of the last century, in and arouud
Jolnibtown, In what was then called tho "Coue
uiaugh coHntry." Tho portion of Cambria
county thus settled by them was embraced In
Somerset county up to 1807. A very large ma
jority of alt the farmers In the neighborhood of
Johnstown are to this dav Muunonltes and
Tunkers, the latter largely predominating. A
majority of the whole arc believed to he of Swiss
origin.
MARINE TELEGRAPH.
For additional Marine Xetet t First Page. '
A I.MAN AO FOR PUlLADKLPlUA-l'IMH DAY.
Sen F.ISF.S
bus bi.ru
,.4 M Moos K:sf s. ..
..7lH,tluM Watkr.
.11V?.
. 7 la
PUH.ADKLF111A HOARD OK Tit ADR.
.TllPN O. .lAMKS.
tl. H. lll llliollOW, J C'OY.MlTTr.R OK TUB MONTH.
I UOMAH I.. C.ll.l.l.HI'IK,
MOVK.IIICNTM OK OCK N MTEA.USillPM.
FOR AM K.RIO A.
Kumpa (ilncmv Now York Tilly
t ;. oi l irk I.iv.'i imh)1 .Nw oik v tit it.i .. ..iu y
Krllona Iinilnn Niw York Inly
I 'too Southnnittt'in. ...HnUiniorn .Inly
r'alinvrn.
l.ivpriiool iiw ork via Itos lu'y
HuTinunri.
t iin
. .boutliAiuiiton
...New York.
..July
I.ivorooi
...Nt'W in k. . .
. .duty
. ..I uiy
...Inly
. ..) uly
...Inly
. ..I my
...Inly
..July
.Liverpool
...Nrw York.
Col usliiiiKt on Liverpool Mew Yoik. . . .
Au-triiin l.ivi-rpiM.l Oiiuhnu
( a lint i una (.Insuow Sow York
l.'tiHMii Liverpool.. ..Now York
t mi I .rm Iinvru New York
llrilnen Havre Now York
FOR KUROPK.
Vtrplnin....
Coliiinliia..
America . . .
.New York....I(ivorpiH.l
..Now York....(danmw
. New York llrt-ruori
...July ;it
...July :il
...July !lt
....Inly 111
CJity ot Hrooktyn.New York. ...Liverpool
i .eriniinia Iw l ork. ... tlanihunc
Dliina .- Now Yoik.... Liverpool
Aliiini'sotA New York. ...Liverpool
Cityot Antworp.New York. ...Antwerp
Silieria New York. ...Liverpool
O.of WaMiinntonNew York. ...Liverpool
'ity ot Uork ... .New York.. ..Liverpool
I'lilluyra New York. ...Liverpool ,.
...Aug. 3
...Au.
...An.
...Atiit.
. ..Aug.
...Aiu.
...Anir.
...Au.
COASTWISK. DOM F.STIII. KTO.
Pioneer I'hilnila Wilmington
....July
....July
I ill V
July
ronnwanda 1 InlatlA Savanuah
Ari.ona New York. ...Aipinwull
Mariposa New York. ...New Orleans
Ivuilt- New York. ...Havana
MhiIh are lorwnnleil by everv Memiier in the
An.
Tho Rteiimei H for or front Liverpool cull at (jnennstown. x-
eept rue v aniuunn imp, wuii'n can at t.ontlnnil.-rry. I ho
steamers for or from tbo Continent call at Southampton.
v. ..-. i iM' M I . r r, II l A .
Ktenmpiiip Pioneer, Harrett, Wiliiiiiii..n, p, (j Philnilol-
..li... u.i.l lit. trn Mnil Stnuniuliii. I'..
in rinii'n VL'cri.i.i .
Steamer It. L. iaw, ller, Haltimoro, A. (irovea, Jr.
I'aniue (inn L.ileii, Oreenloal, I'ot'tlaucl, Wurreu Jk (.reei?
Unique Triumph, Kit-hols, Port land, do.
i.riK iiiwim . iL-.t-i -u, . ..in, UUBK.R, It. AUUenritMiK JO.
l.riK rUMi, i I'lij.ni-w iiaven.
fricur lzetta, Pmith, Winterport, HumraoU, Noill A Co.
ARRIVK.O YKSTKKOAY.
Steamer Sarah. Jones, 21 hours lrom Now York, with
miNe. to W. M. Ilniril A Co.
Steamer Hiiimonil State, Her, 13 hours from Haiti
more, with milfio. to A (iroves. Jr.
Hi ik Kliziil.t-t h, Ames, s days from Sagua, with raoliimiu
to S. & W. Welsh.
Sclir Ruth 11. Kukor, Lorinj;, 7 days from Sitgin, with
mriirtn K. (J Knivlit A Co.
Srhr I'.ttio Hull, .Maxon, 1 day from Kredorica, Dot., with
pntin to Jus. L. liewlev 4 Co.
Siiir John W uithy, Hendermn, 1 day from Odessa, Dot.,
with t-iitin to Jus. L. hew ley X 'o.
Sclir JVlary Ann, Itaynor, 1 ility lrom Litt.lo Crock I.und
intf, Lei., with noiin In Jns. L. lit-wlev A Co.
Si hrMiuyC., Nipple, I day liom .Milh.nl, Del., with
firillh IO .II.S. 1.. I.HItil v i ...
itehr Clayton .V Lowlier, -laek-on, 1 day from Smyru i
llel.. with t-rain to Jus. L. lu-wl'-y ,V Co.
Sclir liiiiuct, Marshall. 1 day lrom Lowes, Dot., with
Rr.'llll to.lilM. j. iiewiey A i o.
fc'.chr Yi-iidiilia. Crniplull, 1 day trom Leipsic, Dot, with
(L-rnin to .los. I .. I ii.mcr.
Canal heat V. Scott, 'or ko. from Throo Itivors (Can. '
with pis-iron to A. Whiluey 4 Sons.
Sturitil I)rpa'ilt in The F.mttnn T.Unraiih.
ltAVHF-iiK.-CitAi'f:, July :. The following hoats loft hero
for Philadelphia this moininiz :
Ci I. DoneUlt-on. v. ith luiiiiier. for Htirliugton.
I' Hie. with lumher to Craii; & itlanctiiird.
I umol Cliuc, with lumber to Woolvjrton A Tiilsrnan.
Currtfili'rtitl'iii'r of The Km,inn T'hiiravh.
KASTON Ii SIcMAflllVS Kl) LLKTIN.
New Yoiik Office, July Thirteen barges luavo in tow
to-night for Baltimore, lipht.
Baltimoiif. liusNCH office, July 2!'. The following
barges leave in tow to-night, eastward :
A1.1-. llannignn: Koekot; Owen tlr.idy; Chiirlos ; O. 11.
Kowe; H. Caliipl. oil ; Stevens ; Iowa; Di.lo; R. V. Uewitt;
unci L'nion Delight, uli with coal, for New ork. L. 8. 0.
JtBtOHANDA.
Stenmshlp Saxon, Sours, for Philadelphia, cleared at
Ih.Hton 2hth uist.
Steamship Whirlwind, Sherman, hont-e, at Providence
27t h inst.
Steamship Norfolk, Piatt, hence, Ht Richmond i!7th init.
Steamship Uiunetto, Howe, hence, ut Now York liit.u
in-ti.nl.
Steamship Firefly, Howe, at Now York 2-th inst., fro-n
Delaware.
Steamship Itlui k Diamond, Meredith, for Philadelphia,
cleared at New Yoi k yesterday.
I'.aiinie I'lla, lis lulu, lor Philadelphia, sailed from
SwanM-a ii.th inst
Barque Huahet, Pederaen, henco, in the Sound, Elsi
nore, Hah inst., lor Crontadt.
liarqiio Proteus, ChipmuH, hence for Hamburg, passoj
Deal liith inRt.
Haniuo Marion, Williams, hence, at Cuxhavon tlth in-it.
Mriys I'uiiorus, l-'urr, and l'ortsl State, Suute, hence, ut
PnrthiUd UTth inst.
ling Tangier, Roeo, for Philadelphia, sailed from Provi
dence 27tb inst.
Sclir J. 4 V. Brooks, Brooks, henco, at Pawtucket 27th
instant.
Sclir (Jerro (Jordo, Hodgdon, for Philadelphia, sailed
from Pnwtnckot 27th int-t.
Sthrs Kugeno, hence tor Welllloet : Morning Light and
Robin Hood, lrom Norwich for Philadolpbiu, at New Lon
don 21 h inst.
SchiB Success and K. B. Ives, henco, ut New London 27th
inst.- the latter tor Norwich.
Schrs Hiawatha, Lee, and Star, Crow ell, hence, at Now
buryport 27th inst.
Sclir Lewis Rogers, Rogers, cloared at Baltimore 2 4th
in-t., for Camden, N. J.
Schrs Richard Vunx, Whittaker, and 8. P. M. Tasker,
Allen, lor Philadelphia, cleared at Koi-ton 2lh int.
Schrs Mary Louisa. Norton, and K. (J. Willard, Parsons,
hence, at Portland 27th inst.
Scht Win. (lollyor, Taylor, from Port Morris for Philadel
phia, passed Hell Cute 2Mh inst.
Schrs M. N. tlrittin, (iritlin, for Hartford : May, Chase,
for l ull River: and Bradley. Mulligan, for New ilven, all
from Philadelphia, passed Hell Hats 2-th inst.
Schrs A. Peters, Salisbury, from Providenco, and 10.
Rut. yon. Chase, from New Haven, both for Philadelphia,
at New York 2Mb inst.
Schis Hae, Spencer, from Hartford, and Gale. Shrop.
shire, from Ntirwalk, both for Trenton, passed Hell Oute
2Mh lust.
Schrs Arthur Burton, Frohock, and M. tl. Stockhum,
C'ordery. hence, at Providence 27th inst.
Schrs Casper Holt, Shoe : K. A. Conklin, Daniels; Han
nah liluckman, Jones, and Rhoda Holmes, Holmes, lor
Philadelphia, sailed trom Providence 27th inst.
AMUSEMENTS.
MKS. JOHN DREW'S ARCH STREET
THKATKK. Begins at 8 o'clock.
Business Agent and Treasurer. ..JOSKPH D. MURPHY
1MM KNKH srCOKSS, CJROvVDKD HOUSI'.S,
Of the world-renowned
' II II Y A NT'S M INST R KLS."
THURSDAY, l KluAY, AND SATURDAY.
AN KNT1KK CHANUK OK BILL.
New Hongs.. New Duetts.
New ChproBt'S. New Acts.
And a new Burlesque among the features 10 night.
THK CliALLKNl.K DANC10.
New Speech l.y the Mump Orator.
New Anas by the Piiins Donna.
'I UK BOSTON PKACK JUBILKR
And the new Burlesque Opera of
RKD HOT.
From "Orphons and Lurjdice."
Prices as usuttK 7 2fi
VALF.R'S (LATE MILLER'S) WINTEI
CiAHDKN Nos. 720, 722, 721. and 72i) VI SK Street
THK ORAM) ORUHKKTRIO.V. formerly the proper!)
of the GRAND DUKK OK BADKN, purchased ut gru.i
exponse by .1 ACOll VALKR.of this city, in uombinutioi
with H.AMKR'SORCHKSTRA and Miss NKLLIK AN
OKHSUN, will perform KVH.KY Al'TKRNOON am
K.VKNINU at the above-mentioned place. Admisbic.
free. 1 iatl
CROCERIES AND PROVISIONS.
TIJIOHAEIi MEAGHER & CO.,
No. 823 South SIXTEENTH Street,
Wholesale and Retail Dealers In
PROVISIONS,
OYSTERS, AND SAND CLAMS,
VOR FAMILY USB
TERRAPINS ll PER DOZEN. BIS
OW IS THE TIME TO
CLEANSH
YOUK nousE.
WAHHINU ANI CIJEANNINU POWDEtt
H unequalled for aorubbing
bold use. Ask for it and takj
t Painta, Floora, and all botu
ke no other.
W. H. BOWMAN. Role Agent,
No. llnti KRANRKWKD Road
4 23 rim
TVTOTICE IS HEREBY GIVEN THAT THE
undersigned has miido application fort'ie renewal
of oertitic ate No. 4o,2;J7 for one share of stock of the Penn.
sylvauia Ruilroad Company, issued to me, and dated Aluy
1, lNiH, the same having been lost or dest roved.
'jl ls4w W. M. Til ACK AR A.
AGRICULTURAL.
H PHILADELPHIA RASTBERRY, JUCUN
Tj DA, Agriculturist, and other Strawberry; Iawton
Blackberry Plants; Hurtfurd, Concord, and other Oraua
Vines, kvt aalg by T. S. A 0. K. FLKTCHKR,
Dill Dluao,N. J,
DRY GOODS.
c
OTTON GOODS I COTTON GOODS 1
COOPER & C0NARD,
NINTH STREET, BELOW MAHKET.
DURING THE REBUILDING OF OUR FRONT
STORE,
We are In full oprrotlon.
No Interruption to business.
JJcparttuents all In full bl.iHt,
BEST f IIIRTINGS,
WIDE SHEETINGS,
UNBLEACHED MUSLINS,
BLEACHED MUSLINS,
ALL THE GRADES,
ALL THE WIDTHS
Wholesale rates by tlio piece.
No advance In the prUes. tl 7 fsra
MiislliiH too low fur raw ootton 35 cents.
LINEN STORE,
No. 028 ARCH CTREET.
AND
No. 1123 CHESKUT Street.
JUST RECEIVED, A FEW MORE
PRINTED LIKEN LAWN D3E33E3.
Ladles who want a LINEN LAWN DRESS should
call iniini'iltiituiy.
NEW HANDKERCHIEFS,
j
WITH EMBROIDERED INITIAL LETTERS.
Pretty drslpns, and quite cheap. 9 30 wfm
flCKEY, tfMAUP ik CO.,
KO. 727 CIIESNUT STREET,
ARE CLOSING OUT
LAWNS,
OHO" AND I ES,
And Other Summer Drets Goods,
AT GREATLY REDUCED PRICES. 17 13 tf
FURNITURE, ETC
F
U K
N
u u a
A. & HLEJAHBEE
HAVE REMOVED THEIR
Fnrnitnre & Upiolsteriiii Warerooas
TO
KO. 1127 CIIESNUT STREET,
S 10 wfm6mrp GIRARD ROW.
NEW PUBLICATIONS.
LL THE NEW DOOKS
FOR SAI.K AT WHOLESALE PRICKS BY
I O It T 12 It Ac C O A T i: H ,
Publishers and Booksellers,
NO. 822 CIIESNUT STREET,
Marble Building, Adjoining the Continental.
Our Now and F.legant
ART GALLERY.
Is now open with the finest collection of PAINTINGS.
CHKOMOS and ENGRAVINGS in the city. 3 3 mwlgrp-
FOR SALE.
FOR SALE OR TO RENT,
UKRMANTOWN, five minutes' walk from Wayne
Station, two neat aad comfortable tlousei on WAYNE
Street, below Manbtim, suitable for a small and cexteel
family, with all the modern conveniences, gas, water,
range, beater, etc. Rent, $5U0 per annum. Apply to
JACOB KAUPP, No. 77 WISTER Stroet, Germantown,
PoHsession at. once. U 18 tf
ffi!i JfOR SALE HANDSOME THREE
Jjlj! story Hrick Dwolling, three-story double buck build
iijkh, No. ri34 hi X I 11 hueel, above Green ; modern im
provenients, and in excellent order. Waa owned and buill
fiy tue late Henry Derringer, deceased, of the very beat
materials and workttianHbip. Immediate poaaetsgioa.
Agent at bouse from LI to 3 o'clock daily. tS 7 tt
TO RENT.
f GERMANTOWN PROPERTY TO LET.
iii A large, modern-built bouse, tenant-house, coaoh
aouse, and nve acres of land, handsomely laid out walid .-
nd garden ; within two minutes' walk of Uuy'i Ijidb Sta
tion. Apply to J. AKilalKONU t il im'
FLOUR.
QHCICE FAMILY FLOUFf.
For the Trade or at Retail.
EVERY BARREL WARRANTED,
JKeyNtoue ITlour Jfcllllt,
Nob. 9 and 81 GIRARD Avenue,
7 19 rptf Knot of Kronr. atrnm
fJEW SPICED SALMOrf,
FIRST OF TnE SEASON.
Albert c. Roberts;.
Duolcr In Fine Orocorlos,
1118
Corner ELEVENTn and VINE 8t,rut
PIANOS, ETO.
ALBKECIIT,
RITKI S A HOHMIDT,
i
KAsuf ai i iinr.iis oir
URST-ULAi.S riAMl.toRTCik
Full guarantee aud moderate prices.
82 WAliKKOOMb, Ko.lU MARCH Ntr.et.
$25 000-MO-BI-LE ALA-A jentl::-
H,r nf- -V d0K";."""f retiring from bimin-as
will sell his interest m Jineot largest and oldest est.il,!.,..
hardware houses in Mulule, oimiprising om-tuir 1 ot rti
whole business. 1 o a p-rsen Wisll to flnir.,KM , ' 8
live business in the Setitli. this oilers an .-..il ... ..
trnity. Address U A KD W A It K, Kveiig 'ee r'Yi"
omc- liiiu
JOHN 'FAUN I'M & CO., COMMISSION MERJ
J'. LSukSniit K"t.Urr?,,?ne,u Ticking, etc.