THE DAILY EVENING TELEGRAPH PHILADELPHIA, THURSDAY, APRIL 20, 1860.
i .
.:
AJTIKICAN ARTIST 05 III8 TKATELS.
The following are extracts from a letter from
" the punter Gilford to a Cr.cnd in New York:
"Lvxon Egypt, Feb. 10, 1869.My dear
U : When 1 was In Rome, and thought of
tnj noglcctcd correspondence. I would say to
myself, 'When I am on the Nile I will hare two
jnonths of glorious, abundant lelHuro, such as I
have never bad before) then I will have time for
all things that a lazy man leaves for a more con
venient season.' Now that I am floating on tho
lotus-crowing, lotus-eating river, I find myself
. as bad as beforo. It Is so docle to far niente, It
lt 4 s so easy to He on tho deck ciihhloni and read
5 feasant books, under this broad, pure, and ton
er sky, and look off now and then at the fringes
i ,,. of waving palms, and at the golden light nhd
..' delicate purple shndows of the Arabian and
, Xyblan mountains, breaking the quiet only with
' an occasional shot at a cormorant or vulture, or
. i Into a flock of pelicans, which stalk along tho
' sand bars.
, , . "It Is so easy to walk along tho shore with ft
tood fowling-piece and bring down pigeons ad
1 ' . libitum, with an Arab or Nubian at your heels to
, act as pointer, retriever, and game-bag. It is so
easy to lounge along the mud villages of the
' ,;Arabs, daguerreotypes of their manners, and
i customs, and costumes (sometimes the latter are
' , quite wanting), or by the shore of the river.
, !! Jioting how briskly and skilfully the half-naked
taen swing up the water from the Nile, singing a
' ' Jew sweet monotonous notes at the same time;
; . . and how carefully others lead the fertilizing rills
J ,' Into the little square plots of the wheat-covered.
' ; . laln. ,
' ' 'Noting the various figure of the landscape-
". ' the long-robed turbaned men, tatoocd women
carrying water Jars on their heads from the
. '. river, their necks and brows strung with gold
and silver coins, their faces half covered by their
, , v robes, the donkeys, the camels of burden, the
little caravans of camels, donkeys, women, and
' ' children, and men on foot with belts full of
,' ' pistols, and carrying long silver-mounted guns,
. the river crafts with their beautiful sails, which
. look like the wings of birds it is so easy to go
',' j ashore of an evening and take coffee and smoke
i chibouk with a governor, or to see some dancing
i , , plrls, covered with gold and gauze, go through
.. ii i movements about the modesty of which I confess
i i 2 have my doubts; or sit about the table of our
y : rosy little cabin, and lalk over the incidents of
(j,ihe day, discuss our books, or play cribbage,
, v euchre, or checkers, or sometimes (a wicked
J.fj'Jtf. D. and myself) a game of poker for half
( -j piastres. Sometimes we course the desert on
o gaiiant donkeys, to explore the wonderful and
y I incomprehensible temples of the ancient kings
v v. jind Pharaohs. Sometimes we race with a rival
J " daaableh' (Nile boat); sometimes we pay and
, , , sometimes we receive visits. So you perceive'
U there is no time for writing letters or letting our
, , arienas Know wnere we are or wnat we are
,, , jibout.
i "It was from Genoa I wrote you last. From
; there I went south to Rome, Naples, Calabria,
, V, Ultra, and Sicily. Although, on account of the
i , lrigandf which at that time infested the lower
J I ; ', part of Italy, I could not penetrate as far as I
i ' wished into Calabria, I saw enough of it
1 ' ' chiefly along the mountainous coast to satisfy
!' '"'.my curiosity. I went down from Naples in a
, ' ' 'Bteamer, which touched at various points on the
' roast.' From Messina I crossed to Rcggia, and
. . .. vent north bv land as far as Bagnara. Returning
1 ; to Messina, I went to Catania, and spent a
' couple of weeks about the flanks of Etna at
j ';' Catnnia and Taormina. Etna, although it is a
might v mountain, eleven or twelve thousand
... Jeethlgh, did not impress me much, either by
3ts grandeur or picturesqueness. I attempted to
', climb to its snow-rimmed crater, but was pre
1 , vented by the clouds, which came down before I
!.,. was half-way up. There was no eruption at the
time, but immense volumes of smoke were ponr
' ' 3ng continually from the great crater in the
, i Bummit. ' The eruption of two months later
' came out of the side of the mountain, like that
of Vesuvius. I also visited Palermo, which is
one of the most beautiful cities in the world for
Its situation.
. . "I cot back to Rome about the 1st of October,
o.i ' .and engaged lodgings in the Via del Babiniro for
myself and sister and the McEntees, who arrived
iaiewdavs after. My sinter Mary, who came
v '., over in September to Paris, joined lis a month
later, having bravely come from Paris to Rome,
'''."' ty way of Marseilles, alone. I need not tell you
, i. that we bad a delighttui iiousenoia, ana we en
' .' Anvpti nnr Roman life to the full, in snite of Mrs.
Mac s dyspepsia, wuicn wouiq spoil uer dinner
i bow ana then, and an occasional touch of tho
... . blues, to which Mac was a little subject, but
,''' which the dinner and marsala and orviets would
' dually cure. It was so pleasant and comfortable
' there that I left it the first of January with great
reluctance, I assure you, to come away alone to
Wander in these regions of the East.
"I spent three weeks in Cairo, which, after
Damascus, is the most oriental city of the East.
The people, the splendid costumes, the gorgeous
' ', etuffs in the bazaars, the customs, the crowded,
narrow, picturesque streets, the houses with
' their sculptured doorways and latticed balconies,
the camels everything looks as if it came out
of the Arabian Nights. At a ball given by the
Viceroy at the palace of the Ghezeereh, which is
. one of the most exquisite pieces of Saracenic
architecture and decoration extant, I saw some
thing of the magnificence and splendor of the
East in the way of entertainment. What I have
seen in Europe of princely entertainments was
' '. poor, m,eagre, and colorless compared with this,
which was not only regal in costliness and
' eplendor, but was more than regal inelegance
and grace.
'T alan hd tViB ruthf-r rare ODDortunitv of see-
' lng the inside of a pasha's harem, under tho
escort of its master. llusnien Pasha; of course,
i the ladies of the harem were not there. It was
Interesting to see something of the domestic life
! '.of a Turkwh dignitary, to drink his good mocha
and smoke latikia trom tne leweiiea amoer
1 month-nloces of his chibouk.
' ; "But I can tell you no long stories now of
. what I have seen. We will leave that till we
v ' smoke a clear together some time next winter.
God willing. I met Alfred Craven and his two
' daughters in Cairo, just returned from the first
cataract. Mr. Craven was not well, and was
' ',' ' ordered to bed by hltt physician. He was going
to Rome till Holy Week, after which he pro
mises to join me in Syria.
! ' "I am on my way to the first catHratt. On
3 my return to Cairo I propose to go on a desert
" "Journey to tne peninsula oi ainui, n i can torm
a Dartvt then back to Suez, and by sea to Jeru-
aalem, Damascus, Beyrout, Constantinople, and
' ' Athens to Venice, where I expect to arrive some
' time in May; and where I expect to find my
i nifiter waiting me.
' "The summer will be devoted to goina where
1 ehe wills, as she has not yet had an opportunity
" to see much of Europe. We hope to get back
J ', ;to New York in the latter part of the summer or
! earlv in September.
'"The McEntees, when I left them, thought
0 .the v would have to eo home in April or May
v 1 Launt Thompson joined us in Rome just before
' ." 1 left, and took my plae in the household. The
V H'eira had not vet arrived, much to my regret.
TJipt were then in Paris. My party on the Nile
v consists of Leonard Scott, wife and daughters, of
. . Ipw York, and Mr. Curtis and Dr. Ingham, of
Philadelphia. We are sailing along with a geu-
1 tie wind near Edfou. 1 he day U delicious like
t ..." our most exquisite summer; the Bky cloudless,
v-iiirA Ann rfiOicate: the 6un is mlirhty and mag-
1 ' iificent. Tho low distant tints of the Syblan
I and Arabian desert lie like strings of pearls and
opals on the horizon,
"Your friend,
S. R. Giffokd."
Immense deposits of bat guano have been
discovered iu the caves of Lookout Mountain,
'Ti.nnikaapA-
A Tennessee paper assorts that two hundred
T,nn. tamiiina nr on their way to settle in
that State.
Congressman Sheldon, of Louisiana, had hi
pocket picked of 600 just after drawing his puy
lor the session.
Blind Tom is legally known now as Thomas
lirne-n Hnthunn. Ilia Parents UUVlUg vunuu iuo
name of their former owner.'
( . General Eads has returned from Europe,
. aud the work on the Mississippi SridgO at St.
4"Oul will commence fltralgUlwuy.
iditori&l ormioNi or ran lbadinu Jonas-Axa
VrOB CUKRKKY TOPICS 0OMPIL8D BVBBT "
SAT POm TBI IVaNING THLfcOBAPH.
; ; ,' GROWTH OF OUR COUNTRY.
From the N. . Tribun.
Tho ninth census is to bo taken a little more
than a year hence, and already speculation is
active as to Its results. W ill our past ratio of
increase in population be maintained in view of
our icanui losses by the lato civil war t We
think it cannot be.- In our judgment, this coun
try una now one minion lewer inhabitants thAn
U would bave had but for that war; and our
losses are not yet complete, since the untimely
ueutu oi ro uiuny mniniy young ana vigorous
men is certain to reduoe the number of births in
the next and even the subsequent decade. It is
said that far fewer children are born than
formerly, because of tho reluctance of wives to
assume tne perils and cares of maternity: but we
hopo to learn that the prevalence of tlus' fcoling
has been much exaggerated. i
The talk of New England having few children
born than those of foreign parentage has Just
this basis: Half of tho young men and a full
third of the young women of New England
parentage migrate wander off "go West"
and their offspring figure in the census returns
of Illinois, Iowa, Kansas, etc., while Europeans
in youthful vigor replace the "sons of the pil
grims" in their ancestral seats, and bear children
to be enumerated at Boston, Providence. Lowell,
and our Manchester. Wo cannot believe that
tho vigor or tho virtue of the old New England
stock has departed.
The late.Elkonah Watson,, writing in 1815
on the progress of population in tho United
States, said:
In 1810 It was T.839,903. The Increase from 1790,
the first census under the Constitution, has been
aiHiut one-third of each census. Admitting that it
will continue to increase In the same ratio, the result
will be as follows:
In 1820 9,62,7S4
In 1880 12,833,645
(It was ,38,1M)
(It was 18.860.020)
jn 1H4U 17,11B,B2
In lHf.0 S8,18fi,868
In 18X 81,753,824
In 1870 42,828,488
In 1880.... 56,450,241
In 1890. 77.266.989
(It Watt 1T,0A2,(W6)
(It was 83,191,876)
(It was 81,440,089)
i
In 1900 100,855,985
It will be seen that the calculation, thouirh
surprisingly near the actual result, runs a little
ahead at last, though Texas had been annexed
and New Mexico and California conquered,
meantime, as Louisiana had been a few years
before Mr. Watson wroto. . Deduct all that we
gained by these extensions of territory, and our
population in 1800 would have fallen very con
siderably short of the estimate, thoun-h we be
lieve it was then overstated. That census or,
at least, a good part of it was taken by persons
whose compensation was based on tho numbers
returned; hence a strong temptation to exagger
ate. We believe the population of this eltv (for
instance) was made 100,000 more than it actually
was. We hope to see extraordinary pains taken
next year, the lists returned carefully scrutinized
and revised, and all persons who shall suppose
they have failed to be enumerated or have been
enumerated twice publicly invited to make them
selves manliest.
We judge that our population in 1870. fairly
enumerated, will fall considerably below Mr.
Watson's estimate, though it will somewhat
exceed forty millions. That, unless reinforced
by future annexations, it will in 1900 fall con-
siueraniy ueiow one nuuureu minions, cannot
reasonably be doubted.
WHAT IS NEEDED.
from the Xational Intelligencer.
We hope to see in the struggle betorc the
people this fall in the great States, and in Con
gress next winter, a bolder and more resolute
stand made against the iniquity ot tho party In
power. The opposition in Congress has been so
lar entirely too tame. The conservatives there
have not acted as if they felt tho truths they
were uttering, or had any just sense of the de
testable acts that It was their business to oppose.
They went through their work ns if these dif
ferences were merely political, like those of old
times, when a man might be Democrat or Whig
without . impeachment of his patriotism : or
charac ter. . We deny utterly that tho struggle
to reform this Government, to purify It, a"nd
crush out the tyranny that afflicts the land, is
of such a nature. Ihere can be no compro
mise with this evil, the times demand the
spirit of a Hampden, and of the men who
foucrht the struggle of 1776 against the
crown. What we want now is courage and
bold championship. If men are to come hero
as mild Protestants against this tyranny,
and then hob-nob pleasantly and fraternally
with the authors of all this calamity and foul
tvrannv. then they have mistaken their vocation
The people want a bolder utterance. In the
House oi iteprescntaiives we specially recall, as
answering best to the temper we desire to see,
Mr. Eldridge, of Wisconsin, and Mr. Burr, of
Illinois, in the Senate Mr. Sprague has spoken
most boldly in denunciation of this vile tyranny;
he has spoken and acted as if he was really in
earnest. It is this that has done so much to
make his speeches popular. Wo thank him for
his example, lie addressed nimseir directly to
the men who eat opposite in the chamber, who
had brought this shame and ruin on tho country
He went right up to his adversary and struck
his shield in the centre. This pluck is just what
the people want. Let this example be taken up,
and this battle with usurpation will not last long.
In this connection we must do justice to bcnerai
Blair, our late candidate tor Vice-rresidout,
He from the first has realized that we have
to deal with a revolutionary party, and that they
must be met with a determination to put them
down. He has never quailed; he has never nei
tated to call these men and their tvrannv bv
their right names, and to-day he is perhaps more
feared and hated by these radicals than any other
person in America. These leaders know well
whom to dread. They know that tho class of
gentlemen who in their daily lives and stylo of
ttpeech confound the distinctions of vice and
virtue are not inu sort ui uieu uy wiiwiu iuc rivui-
cal leaders will be brought to their doom
. U 11 J 11 rt. tbU RUl II JWl DUlUlt., ftlill HIV.,
A .... I .... . .. 1 1 ...nk . V. m r . . .. 1 Bnn HA nnH K
therefore, call them publicly "their friends."
We repeat, that the conservatives, if they want
. . it, . i . .1... '
to return Jiueny uuu rcsiurt? iuv vuunutuuuu,
must hunt about lor the bravest and most reso
lute champions of the cause they can find,
Courage and win should be the first and tho last
qualifications they should insist on.
THE REVOLUTION IN CUBA
from the S. 1 Herald.
The recent authoritative announcements from
Havana that the insurrection isulmost at un end.
render an examination of the positions occupied
oy vue combatants at tne last advices irom the
respective localities a matter of some interest.
We shall therefore give a cursory review of the
lucvB as uiey present themselves, premising only
that, from the nature of the territory oud the
absence of communication with tho Insuriront
forces, our deductions are based entirely on
Spanish accounts. Practically, tho war now ex
isting In Cuba is Carrieil nn in Ava inniintA nnH
uiBuui-k uwwiuis, wun iittie communication or
co-operation between them on tho part of tho
insurgents, aud independent command on the
sPuniarl- These are tho district of
Villa Clara, generally known In Cuba as the dls-
trlct, of the five towns, the district of Santl Espl-
. T .k. ,..,.i ,i 1 namea
lUlilj'.ioinB mo niot;iu UUUI OI 1110 lUBUrrCCtiOIl
and the last that of the operations of General
Cespedes in the eastern portion of thn u.j
after his retreat from Buyumo, the original seut
of tho movement.
The Villa Clara district was the last tn i,om
involved in the revolutionary movement, aud
from Its proximity to the capital has received
more prompt and energetic attention from the
Government than the more distant sections. Tho
elements for tho insurrectionary movement were
gathered principally from the Jurisdictions of
Cienfuogos and Trinidad, and the prompt arrival
of troops from Havana caused the retreat of the
newly formed bauds to the mouutaius lying
north of Trinidad, and which place at last ac
counts they are said to be threatening. AUlioujU
SPIRIT OF THE PRESS.
the movement In this district has. no doubt lost
much of its Impulse from the early encounters
with the troops and the necessary evacuation of
Hlgnanea, which had been selected as its central
point, U is plain from the Spanish reports of
operations and successes that it has not been
suppressed. Bands of Insurgents also hold the
field In the portion of this district contiguous to
the northern shore of the lnlnrt
order of the Spanish commander for the with
drawal of all the country stores to the garrisoned
towns indicates that peace Is not restored.
In the district of Santi Esplrltu, lying cast of
Trinidad, from which It is separated by a very
limy section ot country, operations are on a
limited scale on both sides. Remnt nnrratlons
are reported in tho vicinity of Mayajlgua, and
iicfiiuut caituiiulmib w iuc troops we announced.
The district of Puerto Principe has presented
for some time the most formidable movements
against the Spaniards, but no reports of serious
operations have come recently from cither side.
General Lcsca some time since succeeded in
conveying relief to General Mena. who was and
still is besieged in the city of Puerto Principe,
and recent accounts state that an attempt to
obtain further supplies for the Spanish troops
from anta Cruz resulted In their capture by the
insurgents. General Quesada is In command In
this district, and is variously reported to have
in his army from ten thousand to twentr thou
sand. Though we doubt the truth of many of
these numerical reports, we have reason to be
lieve that his command embraces many more
men than he can arm and equip. This state of
things, which is found also In the other revolu
tionary districts, constitutes the chief embarass-
ment oi the revolution. The weakness of the
Spaniards here is shown in . the fact that they
have not been able to open permanent commu
nication from the coast to Puerto Principe.
uayamo was ior some months the head
quarters of General Cespedes. tho first who
pronounced and who is looked upon as the prin
cipal leader of the revolution. It was subse
quently occupied by General Valmaseda, who is
second in command in Cuba on the Spanish
side, and he still remains there. But the coun
try all around him is reported to be infested
with insurgent bands, and frequent accounts of
Spanish successes there are found In the
Havana papers. Ills communication with San
tiago is kept up . by strong convoys only. Tho
principal military operations in this district and
that oi Holguiu, lying north of Bavamo, have
been those lor tho occupation of Mayan, , to
which place General Cespedes withdrew on
leaving Bayamo. That tho insurgent chief still
carries on the war vigorously there is evident
from the fact that the Spanish Colonel Beucgasi
fell back from Holguiu to Auras, and reports
that at the latter place a population of seventeen
thousand persons is gathered under his protec
tion. The recent reports of Colonel Lopez
Camara, who drove the Insurgents from JUayai.
indicate their presence through all the surround
ing country.
From this review of tho insurrection in Cuba
it will be seen that the Cubans are operating
with little or no unanimity of action or plan, and
it is, perhaps, their greatest weakness, apart
from the immediate want of arms aud ammuni
tion. Both Spanish and Cuban accounts agree
that every Cuban is a revolutionist, and this
gives them the force of numbers. But numbers
can be effectual only through unity of counsel
and action. This will be etfected when the in
surgents shall have formed a government which
all will recognize and obey in behalf of one
common cause. Thus far the world has not seen
an organized government rise in Cuba, and this
fact deprives the cause of Cuban independence
of moral strength outside of the circle of its
friends and promoters.. Cespedes is thus far
merely the incarnation of the Cuban idea and
hope, and should receive a more lormai recogni
tion of his authority from the other leaders and
the people. While he remains in the field Spa
nish accounts of tho suppression of tho revo
lution will be wanting in the chief requisite
belief. i
THE NEW NEGOTIATIONS ON THE ALA
BAMA CLAIMS.
Jt'rom the A. I. Times.
The Nation, in an able and recondite article
upon "Air. sumncr and tne rrociamation ot
Neutrality, discusses some or tne legal points
connected with the Alabama claims points
which we are apt to overlook in the hullabaloo
of popular rhetoric and invective, but which are
those upon wuicn 1110 question, as a iegai oue,
will doubtless turn.
In the main, this article agrees with Mr. Sum
ner's conclusions that we are entitlod to such a
convention as will "give reparation on the
ground that a principle of international law has
been violated on the part of Englnnd;" and it
furthermore maintains that the acknowledgment
of such a violation "is perfectly consistent with
national honor and dignity. But it arrives at
this conclusion by a different process of reason
ing from Mr. Sumner's a process which, If
somewhat abstruse, is new and striking.
Mr. Sumner, as his speech shows, argues as
if, to start with, the Queen's proclamation of
neutrality was tn imeij a violation oi interna
tional law. and hence a sufficient ground of In
ternational complaint, even had no Alabama
come from English ports to prey upon our com
merce. Whether Mr. Sumner would stand by
that doctrine thus independently stated we do
not know very likely lio would not: but his
train oi reasoning scums w (iiuocuuiimunjiui:
such mental proposition, and in so lar ogrees,
it must be owned, with the popular theory.
Thus, for example, Mr. Bumner says:
"Ocean belliirorencv belnar a 'fact,' and not a
'iiriiwiiiif. .' can lie rucocrnized only on evidence show
ing its actual existence, aecordlnir to the rule first
stated by Mr. Canning, and afterwards recognized
by Karl Kussell. Mill no suen evidence waa auuuuiu ;
for it did not exist and never has existed."
But. if we understand Mr. Sumner's applica
tion of this clear distinction between recogni
tion of helliirerencv as a fact aud recognition of
belligerency as a principle, ho charges that by
her proclamation Great Britain proposed tho
latter, and that, accordingly, tho effect was to
mol-a fl.n lli.lmmi n ( f I'll ln tfl PriVatOLT.
.llillVV. ,uv ...-..... h - I
According to tho Nation, however, this procla
mation mav be interpreted as proposing to rs-
cognlze the belligerency only according to tho
fact; but, as the Alabama was not orougui oiu
upon the ocean by Confederate means, but by
neutral (i. ., English) means, this vessel could
not be recognized as belligerent according to the
fact. Indeed, she could only have been recog
nized, if at all, on "principle" that is, we sup
pose, on the theory ot her having an ino cupun
tu'xnf a rp.pntrni7.pn nationality.
The distinction is. as we have lntimaieu, a uuc
one. and somewhat abstruse; but it wui ue ucuci
appreciated, perhaps, in a practical appneauou
of it to the case as It stands. Now that the pro
clamation of neutrality was und still is a source
of ill-feeling, cannot be questioned; but, as the
Nation says, we must "couflno our claims to the
limits of fact and international law: aud tho ex
istence of a certain English natloual foeliug or
sympathy, whilo it may have beeu an ulterior
cause of greater losses, cannot be made a babls
of demands and reparations." At all events, the
proclamation was not necessarily au attribution
of natinnalihi. The rmi'stiou Is whether it was
not simply a recognition of belligerency accord
ing to the fact. Buch is ccrtuiuiy me imonuc
tation which tho English Government has
nlwava nut imon it. und such It will bear.
Wo nnrslves lnsiht. and are compelled
by our own cose to insist, that the Confederacy
never could have acquired such a rtatut of
nationality (cither by this proclamation or In
any other way), as would create a privateer out
I ot a cruiser equipped in a nemrui ijh uu
ninlniicd
issuing therefrom. Buch a ai the United
States unquestionably hud: but Mr. Sumner,
iiftnr so i huir n ntutttinent of the difference Ue-
t)i twn unrtji of rufntrultioil possible.
seems to argue as if an English proclamutlou of
neiitrnlltv between "tho two conteudinir par
ties" could have given the Confederacy ft status
of nationality, aud hence in Itself become the
Hiihioct of coniDlalnt. not onlv morally as an
expression of misdirected sympathy," but legally
under international law. ' ;
The source of confusion is this. It is quite
true that tho British public may have imagined,
and probably did imagine, that the Queeu s pro
clamation oowa comer a nationality wnere uuuo
existed, and hence retarded the Alabama, when
it escaped to the ocean, as a regular Confederate
shio. Mr. Laird, too, undoubtedly thought that,' I
since the proclamation put me (jonicnerato
States and the United :8tates on aa equality In
Liverpool (as It old), it therefore made them
equal In the eye of international law which it
most certainly aid not. au this aoes not pre
vent us from hating the British public in gene
ral, and Mr. Laird In particular, to ottr hearts'
content; but it will not help us to sustain a com
plaint under international law.- Why, we our
selves are torcea to maintain, in a logical argu
ment, that the proclamation neither gave, nor
conld possibly have given, nationality to a ship
pretending to be ft Confederate privateer, issuing
from an i,ngiisn port, mat is to say. me true
view is that the Alabama was never a Confede
rate privateer at all. So far as wt are concerned.
she was a British ship, and nothing else; and
that is precisely why our claim of Indemnity
holds good.
The ground, thereiore, on whienwe can main
tain our claim that England has violated inter
national law is obvious. The Alabama was a
vessel which never acquired any nationality.
Certainly the Queen's proclamation, as has been
shown, never gave her any; and Mr. Sumner has
conclusively established that our own Govern
ment did nt accord a statu$ of nationality to
the Confederacy by merely proclaiming a block
ade of Southorn ports, since the last was, like
the English proclamation Itself, a recognition of
belligerency only according to the fact.. And
yet a vessel, which never was a Confederate
privateer, sailed from England as a naval base.
in a hostile expedition against the United States.
This point Mr. Sumner has forcibly made in the
.senate, and John Stuart Mill bad mada it pre
viously In Parliament. The Hrltlsh Uovernment
became responsible, under International law, lor
a piratical cruiser thus hailing from its ports; it
has been responsible for her every movement
irom that day to this: and yet, instead oi in
stantly pursuing and capturing her as a hostile
craft of no nation, she was afterwards actually
receive and refitted, as history tolls us, in Eng
lish colonial ports, and sho thence continued Iter
devastating career. -
SHIPS AND GUNS.
From the X. T. World.
Since it is probable that, if the Hon. Zitchariah
Chandler aud the equally Hon. rsathanici t .
Banks have their way, we shall soon find our
selves embroiled in war w ith England and Spain,
and perhaps half a dozen other nations, aud as
it is certain that sucn a war wiu no cuicny a
naval one, it is rather interesting to compare the
latest development of tho skill or ship-biuiders
in this country aud in Europe in tno construc
tion of men-of-war. It Is by no moans certain,
however, that, if our navy were suddenly called
Into active service and compelled to fight one or
two severe engagements, we should not suddonly
Undourscivc without any guns. 11 the recent
report of the Congressional Committee upon
army and navy ordnance be correct in its asser
tions, there is scarcely a large gun in our ser
vice, on sea or laud, which is not more dan
gerous to those who stand behind it than to
thoso in lront. and which can be relied upon not
to burst the first time it is fired. And it is no
longer a matter of doubt that the heaviest Eng
lish gun the 600-pounder Is far more formid
able and in every way better than any gun which
we have m America, even it ours do not explode
as they did at the bombardment of Fort Fisher.
The first thing, therefore, which Admiral Porter
and his assistant, Mr. Borie, would have to
attend to, is to take steps for procuring guns
euuallv powerful and sate with those of the
English fleet, and replacing with them the rotten
pieces now mounted in our own ships.
some ot the n.ngusn journals, winie describ
ing the latest and most formidable of their men-
of-war, have compared it with what they term
the best and most formidable ships in the Ame
rican navy the unarmored sloops-of-war of the
Wampanoag class. The latest English ship Is
called the Captain, she Is a turret ship, built
from the best designs, aud under the superin
tendence of Captain Coles. She Is S36 feet long
over all, her turrets are nine Inches thick of
solid Iron aud ten Inches round tho port-holes,
and her hull is pluted with elght-mch armor.
Towards tho Btcm and the stern, the armor Is
slightly thinner, but tne vessel is coated all over
her hull to tho depth ot live feet below the
watur-liuc. Her skin consists of two platings of
iron, each three-quarters ot an inch thick. Hack
of this is a foot f solid teak, strengthened by
a irame-worK ten inches uuck, supported
ten-inch girders, so that the hull is in
thirty-one aud a half inches thick. She draws
twenty-three feet of water; her engines work
up to 54(X) horse-power; her deck Is eight
feet above the water, and the port-sills of the
turrets are two feet above tho deck. Her arma
ment is four twenty-five ton guns, 600
pounders, two in each turret; and a 100-
poundcr bow and stern chaser. She Is a
full-rigged ship, with masts and sails; and it is
easy to see that it the Laptain, with her
eight feet of free board, and her masts and
sails as targets for an enemy's shot, were en
gaged in a fight with our Miantonomah or
Monuduock, the latter provided their guns
were equally powerlul and reliable would have
tho best of It. Our monitors, with their decks
level with the sea, and have nothing to be shot
away but their turrets, would very probably dis
able the Captain In a little while, and hammer
away at the hull until something broke. But
tho Captain, It is believed, could run away
from any Iron-clad vessel which we have,
although she is not fast enough to come
in contact with our fust unarmored sloops
like tho Wampanoag. This ship can
curry guns of tho heaviest calibre, and can
make twenty miles an hour in rough woatuer.
In case of a war with England she could attack
and destroy any British ship of Inferior force,
and at the same time, by reason of her une
qualled speed, run away from an enemy's ship
ol greater power, one would oe aoio to ruu
away from the Captain, for instance, with case,
since the Captain's greatest speed is only twelve
knots; and it would only be in case ot au acci
dent that the two ships would have au opportu
nity of testing each other's metal. The wooden
ship, in such an engagement, would almost In
evitably go to the bottom after the exchange of
one or two shots. The 600-pound shell of the
Captain would crush through the wooden walls
of the Wampanoag as If they were paper, whilo
nothing short ot a miracle would enable the lat
ter to inflict the slightest damage on tho iron-
cased hull of lujr. loe.
CURTAINS AND SHADES.
N
E W
STYLES
IN
NOTTINGHAM
AND
Swiss Lace Curtains.
JUST OPENED,
EMBROIDERED PIANO AND TABLE COVERS.
WINDOW CORNICES, IN GILT, WALNUT, AND
ROSEWOOD AND GILT.
WINDOW DRAPERIES FROM LATEST FRENCn
DESIGNS.
FINE WINDOW SHADES, ETC.
Agents for BRAY'S PATENT SPRING BALANCE
SHADE FIXTURE, which requires no Cord.
CARRINGTON, DE ZOUCHE & CO.,
i
S. E. Cor. THIRTEENTH & CHESNUT,
18 thstu3m PHILADELPHIA. 1
r ARZELERE & BUCHEY,
Custom IIoiw Brokers and Notaries Public
No. 405 LIBRARY STREET.
ALL CUSTOM HOUSE BUSINESS TRANSAC
rAssrouTs procured. ,
FINANCIAL.
4, 5 00, 000.
SEVEN PER CENT! GOLD BONDS,
THIRTY YEARS TO RUN,
ISSUED IT TBI
Lake Superior and Mis&issiDDi
River Railroad Company. ; t ,
Til BY ARB A FIRST MORTGAGE SINKING FUND
BOND, FRKK OF UNITED 8TATK8 TAX, SB-
CURED BY ONE MILLION SIX HUNDRED
AND THIRTY-TWO THOUSAND ACRES j
OF CHOICE LANDS, ,
And by the Railroad, Its Rolling Stock, and the Fran
chises of the Company. -
A DOUBLE SECURITY AND FIRST-CLASS IN
VESTMENT IN EVERY RESPECT,
Yielding In Currency nearly
Ten Per Cent. Per Annum.
Gold, Government Bonds and other Stocks received
in payment at their highest market price.
Pamphlets and full Information given on applica
tions ,
. JAY COOKE & CO.,
NO. 114 S. THIRD STREET,
E. W. CLARK & CO.,
NO. 35 S. THIRD STREET,
Fiscal Agents of the Lake Superior and Mississippi
River Railroad Company. iiotoup
Union Pacific Railroad
FIRST MORTGAGE BONDS
Hought and Sold, at Heat Market
Frlce. .
These Bonds pay SIX PER CENT. INTEREST IN
GOLD. PRINCIPAL also payable In GOLD.
Full Information cheerfully furnished.
The road will be completed In TEN 10) DAYS,
and trains run through In TWENTY-FIVE (25) DAYS.
DE HAVEN & BRO.i
Dealers In Government Securities, Gold, Etc.,
NO. 40 SOUTH THIRD STREET,
4tlm
PHILADELPHIA.
GLENMNNING, DAVIS & CO
NO. 48 SOUTH THIRD STREET,
PHILADELPHIA.
GLENMMG. DAVIS & AMORY
NO. 2 NASSAU STREET, NEW YORK,
BANKERS AND BROKERS.
Direct telegraphic communication with the New
York Stock Boards from the Philadelphia
Office. IS
CITY W A BBANTS
BOUGHT AND SOLD.
C. T. YERKESf Jr., & CO.,
No. 20 South THIRD Street,
4t
PHILADELPHIA.
H O U SB
B
A N K I N G
or
JAY COOKE & CO.,
Nos. 112 and 114 South THIRD Street,
PHILADELPHIA.
Dealers In all Government Securities.
Old B-20S Wanted In Exchange for New.
A Liberal Difference allowed.
Compound Interest Notes Wanted.
Interest Allowed on Deposits.
COLLECTIONS MADE. STOCKS bought and sold
on Commission.
Special business accommodations reserved for
ladles.
We will receive applications for Policies of Life
Insurance In the National Life Insurance Company
of the United States. Full Information given at our
office. 418m
LEDYARD & BARLOW
HAVE REMOVED THEIR
UW AND COLLECTION OFFICE
TO
No. 19 South THIRD Street,
PHILADELPHIA,
And will continue to give careful attention to collect
ing and securing CLAIMS throughout the United
States, British Provinces, and Europe.
Slirht Drafts and Maturing Paper collected at
Baukers'jRates. 188 6m
SMITH. RANDOLPH & CO
BANKERS,
Philadelphia and New VorlfJ
DEALERS IN UNITED STATES BONDS, and MEM
BERS OF STOCK AND GOLD EXCHANGE,
Receive Account of Banks and Bankers on Liberal
. Terms. ' i
ISSUE BILLS OF EXCHANGE ON
C. J. HAMBRO ft SON, London,
B. METZLER. 8. SOIIN CO., Frankfort.
JAMES W. TUCKER CO., Paris. , ,
And Other Principal Cities, and Letters of Credl
AvaUaWe Throughout Europe.
FINANCIAL..
B. K. JAMISON & CO.,
SUCCESSORS TO
X. IT. IfELLY , Ac CO.,
BANKERS AND DEALERS W
Goll, Silver, ani Gflvenisiit Bonis,
AT CLOSEST MARKET RATES.
N.W. Corner THIRD andCHESNUT SU
Bpeclal attention given to COMMISSION ORDERS
In New York ftnd aud Philadelphia Stock Boards, eto.
etc
Htm
HENBY G. G0WEN,
(iAte mt t orhraa, Gwn He Co.),
BANKER AND BROKER,
No Ills. TIIIItD Street,
PHILADELPHIA. '
8toeks ftnd Bonds Bought and Sold on Commission
In Philadelphia and New York.
Gold and Government Securities dealt In.'
New York quotations by Telegraph constantly re
ceived. COLLECTIONS made on all accessible points.
INTEREST allowed on deposits. , . I Mint
. s
pa 8. PETERSON & CO.,
Stock and Exchange Brokers,
No. 39 South THIRD Street,
Members of the New York and Philadelphia Stock
and Gold Boards.
STOCKS, BONDS, Etc, bought and sold on com
mission only at either city. l Ki
WINES.
HER MAJESTY
CHAMPAGNE.
DTJNTON & LTJSSON,
215 SOUTH FBOIfT ST.
THE ATTENTION OF THE TRA&E IS
olicitad to tha following- v7 Choics Winea, 4c, for
DUNTON LU8SON,
313 SOUTH FRONT STREET.
j ..... ....... . j .. . u . ... i.imf,i.Hvug .ii
tobello.Crte Bleuo, Crte Blmnobe, mnd Chw.Fura'. Grand
v in nagem. ana vin imperial, m. KiMnnn m uo., of
jnayenco. npariuinc Homue ana KxlLNS w ui Ka.
MADKIHA8.--01d Inland, South Side RoMtre.
6IIKKRIK8. F. Rudolph., Amontillado, Topas, Val
letta, Pale and Golden Bar, Crown, Ae.
PORTH.-Vinho Velho Real. Valletta and Grown. '
CLARETS. Prom ia Aine A Oi.., Montf errand an if Bor
deanx. Claret, and Santerne Wines.
CiIN.-"Meder 8wan.M
BRANDIES. Henneeaer. Otard. Dunn arlona
vintages. 4 6
w
I
N
S
Just arrived, per "Favour," a cargo of LOUIS KOE3-
TER'S
Celebrated Burgundy Forts and other
wines and Sherries, ,
From the Spanish houne of MTJIXER, BONSAM a BA .
DOB, for sale from wharf by the Importera,
WALDEN, KOEHN fc CO.,
No. 90(1 South FRONT Street.
4M6t
GROCERIES AND PROVISIONS.
pRKSH FRUIT IN CANS.
PEACHES, PINEAPPLES, ETC.,
GREEN CORN, TOMATOES,
FRENCH PEAS, MUSHROOMS,
ASPARAGUS, ETC. ETC.
ALBERT O. ROBERTS,
Dealer In Fine Groceries,
11 T8rp Cor. ELEVENTH and VINE Streets.
jJICHABL MEAGHER & CO.,
No. 823 South SIXTEENTH Street,
Wholesale and Retail Dealers in
PROVISIONS,
OYSTERS, AND SAND CLAMS,
FOR FAMILY USE.
TERRAPINS 1S PER DOZEN.
85
LOOKING SAL. ASSES, ETO.
JOHN SMITH,
LOOKING-GLASS AND PICTURE FRAME
MANUFACTURER,
BIBLE AND PRINT PUBLISHER,
And Wholesale Dealer In
AMERICAN AND FRENCn CLOCKS AND REGU
LATORS OF EVERY DESCRIPTION.
Also, General Apont for the sale of the "Eureka"
Patent Condensing Coffee and Tea Pots something
that every family should have, and bj which they
can save fifty per cent.
, Trade supplied at a liberal discount
4 U Sm No. 916 ARCH STREET.
CHROMO LITHOGRAPHS.
pic
TUBES FOR PRESENT
A. S. 21 O 23 X XT 8 O XT,
No. 10 CHESNUT Street,
Has Just received exquisite specimens of
:art, SUITABLE FOR HOLIDAY GIFTS.
FINE DRESDEN "ENAMELS" 6"n PORCELAIN,
IN GREAT VARIETY.
SPLENDID PAINTED PHOTOGRAPHS,
Including a Number of Choice Gems.
A SUPERB LINE OF CHROMOS.
A large assortment of
NEW ENGRAVINGS, ETC.
Also, RICH STYLES FRAMES, of elegant new
patterns. 1 1
medioaL. x
piLES OR HEMORRHOIDAL TUMORS
All kinds perfectly and permanently enred, without
pain, danger, caustics, or Instruments, by W. A.
MCCANDLESS, M. D., No. 1926 SPRING GARDEN
Street . We can refer you to over a thousand of the
best citizens of Philadelphia cured. '
Reference given at our office. 8 Mem
DR. KINKELIN, AFTER A RESIDENCE
and practice of thirty rear at tho Northwest oomnr
of Third and Union street, ha lately removed to boutii
KI VKK TH Street, between Market and Chesnut.
Hi (uperiority in the prompt and perfect cure of all
reoent, eurooio, local, and oonatilational afleotiooS of
.peoial nature, la proverbial. .
Diaeaae. of U akin, appearing in a hundred different
form, totally eradicated; mental and phyioal waakneaa
and all nervoua debihtie uientinoally and tnoiuMfV'r
treated. Office hourm trom 8 A. M. vo 8 P. M.
HOTELS A N DRE S T A UFtAl T
Mt. Vernon Hotel,
8 1 Monument street, Baltimore.,
Elegantly furnished, with anfnrpMaed Oulslas.
On t7te liuropean rian.