THE EVENING TELEGRAPH PHJLADELriflA, WEDNESDAY, SEPTEMBER 30, 1SG8.
wrodtice the bent, practical result. Of one thln
we may be assured; the old exclusive elamlcal
aysterrj, In which we and our fathers were
trained, omnot long hold Us plaoe la American
college under tlie present condition of Amerl.
can life. Whether this Is to be regretted, Is not
the question. We are concerned with the on
doubted fact. If we propose to control the
growing American mind. If we are to bring It
under the power of a liberal culture at all, we
must employ for that purpose a dlflVrent form
of liberal culture from that In wtilcU former
generations have been trained.
Now tbe Trustees of this University, reoost
BlEing thjs tendency of the popular mind, with
WblcU It would be hopeless, eveu If It were wise
to contend, have reoently endeavored to meet
the nomlNtakable demand by modifying, after
the example of other collets, the course of
tudy pursued In their own collegiate depart
ment. Tills thev havedone not wlttt the view
of lowering the stand id of a liberal education,
but rather of ilvinu It a wider, deeper, and more
comprehensive basis, and .especially of assoal
tine It more Intimately with the practical arU
of life. In order more fully to understand what
Is proposed by this system, and wherein Its
alleged advantage consist, It will be necessary
to glance at some of the forms of education
Which are presented to the ouolce of Amerioan
youth, l'erhaps In such an examination he
may be able to And an answer to tbe question
we hettr so often finked around us "What, after
Bll, is the use of a college education ?"
Kvery American child, as is well known, Is
now provided with a certain kind of education
at the public expense This education, as is also
well known. Is wholly elementary In its char
acter, embrncing noueof those higher brandies
of knowledge essential to the training of
scholars In the highest sense, for which, the
most enlighten' d governments of Europe have
long since made HliuncUut provision. Still,
elementary as It Is, a proficiency In It has now
become essential as a foundation lor success In
all the pursuits of life, except the very lowest.
To maintain such a system vast sums are raised
by taxation, and for no object is taxation borne
so cheerfully. For suoli purposes the city of
Philadelphia pays more than a million of dol
lars annually, out of which thirty-five thousand
dollars.or the interest of nearly six hundred thou.
Band dollars, are expended every year for the
support ol a Blugle High I School. But valuable
as this system Is, and vast as are the funds
raised for lis support. It covers but a very small
portion of the field of education in auv true or
broad sense. Its object, aud Its only object, is to
provide for tbe rashes that whloh In the condi
tions of American life Is ns Indispensable to
them as tbe food which nourishes their bodies.
It leaves to otber agencies tbe provision for
those higher intellectual wants whloh must be
nuppUed in some way, or tbe body politic
starves. In any given country, the number of
those who have the capacity, the Inclination,
or the opportunity to train their minds by a
liberal culture bears, of C3ure, but a small
rroportlon to those who have been Instructed
n tbe mere rudiments, but still It forms the salt
which preserves the mass from decay. Unless,
therefore, the higher eohoulsare maintained
with tbe same vigor and earnestness which
now characterize the support of tbe Public
Bohool system, the result will be a dwarfed,
one-sided, and wholly superficial tralnlug,
Which may render a community very keen at
money making, but will leave it totally desti
tute of all that tends to dignity, adorn, or ele
vate human life, A wide spread but most mis
taken Impression eeemB to prevail, especially
here, that a college education may be a suitable
luxury for the few, but that It is useless, aud
even pernioious, to the future career of the
many. It Is a lamentable fact that there are
fewer of our Philadelphia youog men receiving
a liberal education in the various colleges of tbe
country than those of any other city which ap
proaches it in wealth and population. I cannot
enter sow into a discussion of all the cause
Which have produced a state of things certainly
not very creditable to us, but I may refer to
one or two of them, especially to the overesti
mate which Is placed upon the value of ordi
nary grammar school Instruction, aud of the
anxiety manifested by parents to place their
children under special Instruction without ade
quate preparation for that career In whloh they
are to earn their future livelihood. No schools
bave been more largely attended of late than
those which promise to turn a young man, at
the shortest posslb.e notice, and with tbe least
exertion on his part, Into a money-making ma
chine. The rage is now for special, teohnloal
Instruction, not merely in tbe ordinary trades
and occupations of business, but in those
higher branches of experimental science
a successful pursuit of which requires at
least as thorough and liberal training by
way of preparation as Is needed in any
department of professional life. Out of
this blind belief in the necessity of an early
and exclusive devotion to mere moaey-uelila'g
has grown an exaggerated estimate of the
value of ordinary school education. Many
there are who are forced by their necessities to
forego the advantages of a higher education
for their children; but there are also, alas! too
xaany who, from well-meant but misdirected
eeal to give their children what Is called "a
start In life," deliberately sacrifice to Mammon
those immortal powers which may be destined,
if properly trained, to elevate, instruct, and
govern mankind. The least harm that can
happen to a boy thus suddenly and early taken
from his books is, that he may become a mere
specialist in his particular vocation. Happy Is
be If, with the disuse of his powers in purely
Intellectual pursuits, be does not so jo. lose all
taste for cultivating bis mind, and become as
narrow and contracted in his views of all the
great subjects of life as the limits of the parti
cular traue or occupation In which he may en
gage. The excuse for thus dwarfing and
cramplDg by deliberate choice te faculties of
the young is, that such is the only sure road to
wealth, and that wealth, at least In this coun
try, Is the great end and objeot of life. It is
not true that an educated man, one gifted with
the highest form of culture, must necessarily
tail in gaining tbe best prizes of life. To believe
It would be to distrust the providence of God,
and all experience proves that it is false doc
trine. In cannot be, after all, worth while to
Btunt a boy's mind in order that he may cer
tainly grow rich. An American child should
be trained above aud beyond everything else
as an American citizen, what would become
of tbe country if all our young men were
trained as mere specialist; If those who take
part in our publlo affairs were mere lawyers,
or mere doctors, or mere merchants, or mere
mechanics? Where, may I ask. would the
American nation be to-day If the College and
the Church bad not taught Its citizens their
duty? No, no! we cannot move a step in this
world wlihjui encountering problems whloh
require for tuelr solution minds eduoated in a
way wholly unlike this. An Imperious
necessity always exists for men of
gnneral Idea; lor those who have acquired a
knowledge of first principles, who are able to
take comprehensive views of the great ques
tions of truth. Interest, and duly with whloh
oar life Is tilled; men la whom that master
quality of the mlud, tbe judgment, is sure and
well bblarueil; men who act wisely, or who
teach others to act widely, because they think
accurately. Toe history of civilization is the
history of the operations of minds like these.
.The world must have a certain corpj W elite who
do the brain-work of their generation, and such
can never be produced in a condition of sooiety
in which an exaggerated value is placed on the
pursuit of mere material Interests. I beg you
will observe that iu advocating tbe highest, the
most generous, the widest culture as the bast for
young men, I have confined myself entirely to
the practical aspect of tbe subject, as It relates
to this country and to the prtsaut generation. I
believe that such a sytsleiu Is eminently a prac
tical system, If the attainment of tbe highest end
by the best means be the Irue teat of what consti
tutes the prartical value of auy system of edu
cation. Perhaps may be permitted to refer to
another test of its practical value, equally
trustworthy that of the experience of those
who bave been trained under a diil'erent sys
tem. While many misdirected parents blindly
seek to provide tor the welfare of their children
by withdrawing them at an early aue from on-
portunltles of liberal study, the history of our
country has been recently illustrated by the
noble munificence of many, who; having re
ceived a limited education, and afterwards
acquired wealth, bave given by their aots the
most emDuatlo condemnation of sunn a rvh.
tern, and have done all In their power to deter
others from folio ving their example. If there
Is one feature in our Amerioan life of late years
more creditable to It and more characteristic
than abother, it Is the vast contributions
Which have been made for the endowment and
support of hlulier education. Tnese contribu
tions, amounting within the last five years to
more than fifteen millions of dollars, ha re been
made, not by men who bave had the advan
tage of a classical training, by alumni of
colleges, out almost wholly by self-made
mtn, as they are called by capitalists
wuu, iu mm roaperity, nave iell
thai no amount Of limrinu nun innnli
tbe Cefects of early training, and who have
Droved the sincerity of their belief hi tairtno
caie that future generations shall not sudor
from tbe Bime cause. Thus we find a iAaf,,i
dispensing bis wealth not to endow schools of
technical msunciion, out tor mo establishment
Of great librarv-H, for galleries of art, f,)r the
purchase of collations which shall Illustrate
tbe highef ri?rrtn.uti4 of science un 1 the s'.vviy
of blblory, bo a CoiaU XouuUs a university lu
the true sense of the term, In whloh Int.rnotlon I
shall be given In all the sciences whloh g to
make np the wide circle of human knowledge.
Ko in our own (State you find a Packer or a 1'ar
dee estHhltshlnir eoursns of Instruction, with
refer nee, It Is true, to a cor alo limited Held of
Inquiry, but recognizing fully the truth that,
thme fields cannot be properly explored without
a thorough and comprehensive solontlfld train
ing The experience of the. richest men in the
country is uniform ngalnst the evils of a ntrroiV
and technical training for young men. No n r
versiou of the truth Is more si ranne than tti it
which Is so common with the un-(unking, au I
which Is shown In the habit of pointing to these
wealthy men ns Illustrations of wntt cu
he done In this world without a thorough edu
cation These men are held np as example to
tbe young to abHOdon their books and plunge
at once Into the strife or money-getting; hut
they themselves being the Judges, the chief me
of I he wealth with which they have been
blessed is to deter others from following In their
lootstepp. We have now to consider the oiua
teractlug tendencies which exist in our Ameri
can lire vgalust the narrowand erroneous views
of education to which I have referred. Tnese
are chiefly found lu a system of liberal e loca
tion, so called, meaning thereby a pursuit of
those studies which are ordinarily iaugiit la
this and other colleges of the country. Tats
institution Is, technically speaking, a univer
sity, and not a college. It trains young men
for the professions of law and medicine In
faculties provided for that purpose; but tuosa
who study these are presumed to hve been
prepared for their work In the Faculty of Arts,
or Collegiate Department, as it Is popularly
called, or by nome equivalent means of
Instruction. We are now principally con
cerned with (he education afforded la this Col
legiate Department. It professes, then, to ba a
liberal .uucntlon. By our charter we have the
right to confer ao identical degress in artibut
liberal-bus. We call it liberal, beoause its object
is lather to train and develop all the faculties,
to Instil Into the mind the germs at least of
general truths, to show a young man the nature
of the weapons with whlou he must tight the
great battle of life, and how to use them. It
recognizes the fsct that the condition of tho
human mind, like that of the body, between
tbe ages often and twenty years Is that, of
growth, and that the great aim should be to
give It during that period the klud of' nutri
ment which bhall insure a healthy maturity.
It regards tbe period between these two atjes as
essentially one of preparation, to be employed
not merely in laying a solid foundation, but In
ascertaining tbe peculiar talent or capacity of
the individual. It does not seek to stimulate a
zeal for study merely from a love of knowledge
In Itself, but rather with a dlreot aim constantly
In view, namely, success lu future life. No
doubt there bave been periods in the world's
bistory when the lolllest oblects presented to
thestucent's ambition bad no concern whut
ever with the practical alms ol Ufe.when Indeed
tbe scholar and the man or outlines could have
nothing In common iu tbelr pursuit ol know
ledge. The abstract speculations of the Greek
philosophy In regard to the good aud the beau
lllul, as well as a vast deal of the ponderous
learning of medlmval turns, had designedly no
concern with the ordinary business ot life. But
now, tbe great end ol every system of higher
education, however defective auy system may
be In wholly attaining that end, is utility in lis
hlgbeht cense. If we advocate a liberal cul
ture, it is not because it is the traditional sys
tem, or because 11 keeps up a learned class or a
species of Intellectual aristocracy, or even
because it promotes a love of learning
for lis own sake, but because we con
scientiously believe tbat It makes
better clergymen, better lawyers, belter physi
cians, belter merchants, belter manufao u.ers,
and, above all, better, truer, more valuable citi
zens than any other. It is because we hope
thus, to use tbe words of one of the aolest of 11 v
lLg writers, "to train men whose Intellect shall
be a cold, clear logic engine, wlih all lis parts of
equal strength, and in bmooth working order,
ready, like a steam englue, to be turned to auy
kind of work, to spin the gossamer as well as to
forge the anchoi; whose minds shall be stored
with the great fundamental truths of nature
and the laws of her operations; who, no stunted
astttics, shall be lull of Hie aud hie, whose pas
sions, kept under by a vigorous will, shall be
tbe servants of a tender conscience, learning to
love all bealy, whether of nature or art, to
bale all vlleuess, and to r spect other as them
selves." If you ask, then, why teach young men those
things which do not pertaiu specially to their
lutute profession why teach Uim who is to be
a clergyman, for instance, mathematics or
natural science, or embryo doctors or lawyers
the dead langusges or history the auswer Is
easy. It is because, as all experience shows,
the faculties of the mind are most successfully
employed in any pursuit which requires the
exerciseoi Jia uiguesbpuwcid wueu iuuiu powers
have been trained in a kuowiedge of general
truths, and especially In the true method of
reaching them It Is because a complete mas
tery of auy one science necessarily involved a
general knowledge of the relations which it
bears to all others. We hear a great deal ald
of the uselehsness of much that Is learned iu
college by men in after life, because they may
bave forgotten tbelr Latin and Greek; aud yet
every sentence written by these men, almost
every idea expressed by them, bears testimony
to tbe unconscious training which they have
received from tbsseidespised studies. You can
no more get rid of the Influence of a college
atmosphere In after life, than the robust and
heultuy mail can escape irom tue enecis oi
base-ball aud cricket lu which he delighted
when a boy.
Let ns. If possible, get clear Ideas on this sub
ject of liberal education. It is not a fixed sys
tem cast in some iroii uiuuiu. ii una a siauuara
which varies with the varying wants of the
community, and.of course, is of very little value
unless It Is in perfect sympathy with the
living realities ot the time. It tbe principle of
giving the best training ior tue wora to Deaone
is maintained, the methods employed In that
training may be infinitely varied according to
the needs oi any given age. scarcely any term
has changed lis meaning more frequently in
history than that of liberal studies. Of the
unpractical character In the modern sense of
much of the higher Greek philosophy I have
already spoken. In medlieval times instruction
was given In the universities In grammar, rhe
toric, auu logio, anu mese aiuuien coasututeu
What was called the trivium.
Music, Arithmetic, Geometry, and Astronomy
were taught In a more advanced stage, and
these four subjects formed the quadrivium. A
strange lorm of liberal education, certainly,
according to our present notions; and yet, Buys
an fjngllsn autuor, "tue trivtuwi Buuijuuunviuin
were so much admired by our ancestors that
they imagined tbey comprehended all wisdom
and learning For whoever understood the
ttivium could explain ail manner of bo .ks with
out a teacher; while he a ho was fart her ad vanced,
and was master also of the (Quadrivium, could
answer all questions aud untold all the secrets
of nature." Since the Reformation, the Latin,
Greek, and Mathematics have been, in K inland
at least, not merely the foundation of a univer
sity education, but proficiency in ttiem has
been its ereat end and aim. But as the nine
teenth century differs not only from the middle
age, but alto from tbe sixteenth, lu many essen
tial respects, so also there rnus.l be a correspond
ing change in the system of education to train
men now to act wen lueir pun iu ine. iv uauiiui
be loo often lepeated tbat any (.ystem of edu
cation Is worthless if it be not in harmony
with tbe active life around it, uuless
It be, indeed, the express retlex and
image of - that Ufa. Upon this pilnolple
the American college system bus always
been based, and the constant effort has been to
watch the changing needs of the country, and
to adapt Itself to them. We bave now reaohed
a point when it may be said that two funda
mental changes In the system have been gene
rally egreed upon: First, a wider base of in
struction; and, secondly, a recognition of the
truth that to accomplish the highest results
di He rent minds must be trained in different
wajt; that while one class produces the best
fruit when nurtured by a purely classical course,
another Is mt st successful when, in addition to
an elementary course in the ulassics and the
mathematics, a portion of the time Is given to
t bo study of the modern languages, history, and
literature, and of the praotloal application of
science to tbe arts. Tbe system founded upon
this principle Is called the "Elective System."
It Is tbe one whloh has been reoently adopted
here with very great success, as shown not
merely In the Increased number of students,
but also by tbe greater Interest manifested by
them In their work. It has at least this ob
vious advantage, that It affords to young men a
choice of two parallel ooursts of study, both of
which aim at common eacls while striving to
meet the different capacities of different indi
viduals, I have said that the authorities of this Institu
tion, lu their efforts to enlarge lis usefulness,
desire to make It a University in faot as well as
in name, embracing within Us range Instruc
tion in all those departments of knowledge
which help to make the useful man and the
valuable citizen, I need not tell you thatlu
one sense tbe number of such subjects is bound
less; but practically we are confined, for the pre
sent, at least, to those whose distinguishing fea
ture Is their mnnlfest utility. Hence we main
tain a preparatory or collegiate department, be
cause. In the truest sense, it seems the most
useful for the objeot lu view. Bo we uaiulaia
fneuKle. of law anl medicine, beoause lawyers
and physicians are among the most useful
necessaries of our modern Hie. There is anoluer
fucnlly in the Uiilveis ty, esl -itillsiun ihu
tears ago, with the same wise end In vie . an i
of whlou we bear HMIe that of Arts, Mines,
and Manufuolure. This aohool, t am s i. i y to
any, which ought to be the pride and ornvrunt,
cf Philadelphia, has never gone Into praoil':I
operation, simply lor want ol suiiaole e.idow
merit. It Is a burning dlszraoe and miame nut
this, the largsl raanufacturlngclty In t.heouu
try, the metropolis of a common we ih ti
the number ot Whose citizens engaged In
mining enterprises is gret'er thvi Dial s
employed In any other Slate, should not pro
vide for the young men who re Uere,ifi.-r to
direct her vast lnuu-trll resources that
thorough systematic and scientific training
which is est-nl lal to any true success. We li ve
here machine shops and Industrial esiail'sh
Incuts of all hiuus lu abundance,, where tue
practical details rf the a; Is in sy b i obs -rva 1 to
advantage; but what we want Is a solnuilflo
knowledge of the pi luclp.'es upon whlou tuce
ens depeud, and what we do not want is to be
forced to Rend elsewhere lor those who have
gained the knowledge requisite to oo iduct In
telligently our great enterprises. I am not
unmindful of what has been done bv tue en
lightened gentlemen who coutrol the Krank'ln
Iustllule, and, perhaps, by some oi her agencies
in this city; bu. all tnal has bceu done win
been limited in Its extent, and necessarily Im
perfect lulls system. Thesx sclenlltlo si-hoofs
nave now become the Indispensable append
ages of every college lu the country wormy of
tbe name; and Is it loo muuii to ask of that
wealthy cIkhs among us whose prosperity has
beeu mainly due to success lu inauulcluc Inz,
mechanical enterprises, that It should .mdow
here a school which would placeour indust rial
supremacy upon a sure and permanent basis?
I have endeavored to present to you wnai 1
conceive to be the actuttl condition of things In
Philadelphia In regird to higher eduoa Ion,
ami the relations wblcn the University ol Penn
sylvania now sustains towatds it. I hive given
but a sketch; you can readily All up Hie out
line. I have polnled out tha evil; It is lor yon
to apply tbe remedy. I am etnboldeuud by the
conviction tnal I am not the advocate of the
private Interest of a parilcular o irporallou,
but that I plead for the common advent ige of
allwhcnla.sk you to support the only orga
nized agencv of a wide Hnd liberal culture
among us. This is an affair of ell v lotere-a aud
city pride. The trustees of tue University are
only the agents of the community la this m ti
ter. It Is lor vou to decide whether your chil
dren shall er Joy here those opportunities of the
blghest training which are abundantly ofl'ers l
to the youth of many comrnuutiies of not one
fourth the population nor one-tenth part of the
wealth of this metropolis. It seems lo me that
It Is a Just cause or reproiohto us tha'., with a
population ol UUO.OUu souts, there are Oarimuly
not four hundred of our young men reoellu
at any one time a college education, or a
thorough sclentlno training lu our own
schools or else where. Tuls is a less number
in proportion lo the population. I venture to
say, than is to be louud in auy large cltv
in the clvltlzed world. It Is about hslf
tbat which exists lu most of the countries
ot Europe, aud I ts than that which
is found not only in New Eogund, out lu trie
vlgoious and llourishlug commonwealths of
the West, where the opporruuittes of eduuttoa
are steaolly lucre -.slug wliu the Increase of
their maletlal prosperity. Philadelphia has
been called byoneoi her moil gifted sons the
Parndlse of Mediocrity, and although there
may be something eynlcil In such hu opinion,
there is slso some truth lu it. We have shown
but little am'dtlou to rise above tue average
s'andard in all we attempt. We have been con
tent lo produce average men, aud for ui'h pro
ductions average me:-vus havt? sufficed. Of late
ears, I am proud and hxpny t sty, a neltei
feeling bas been awnkened. Pudi lo spirited
citizens have come forwaid. and devoted all
their energies to proving that they at lesst do
not bel eve that nnm tiers and wraith alone
constitute a great city. To such men we owe
our public park, present arid prospective; the
efforts tbat have been made to refine the publlo
taste, lo provide healthful recreation for the
masses, to extend the useful ne.-s of our publlo
libraries and our scientific collections. Ail
these things, let ns hop, announce the (h?n of
a better era. While we hall lis advent with
gratitude, let us not forget, t'owevir, that all
that Can be done bv then efforts is merely to
add the Coiinlhian columns to the edifice of
our municipal prnspeilt v. Its foundation must
r-e laid broad aud deep In ri'iuds trained by a
liberal and uiighiend culture, cr sooner or
later the whole (structure must cruaaolo Into
ruin.
In what I have said of the importance of sus
taining here a learned Institution ol I he very
hitchest cla-s, I aru promoted by rjo. local or
petty Jealousy; I lies re only that Philadelphia
should assume before the world her proper posi
tion. I cannot, it is true, express too strongly
the convictions I entertain of trie solid advan
tages accruing to a city like tuis from the peri
odical absorption luto the municipal body of a
laige number of highly eduoated men. But I
do not put my plea ou this grouud. I abstain
purposely from saying anything whloh would
ask lor tbe support of learning here, from a
sense of its innate worth and uignity, nor do I
hold up the example of cities whose proudest
title in history is, not that, they were rich, but
that tbey loved and honored scholars. I cou
fine myself to the mor e practical aud obvious
benefits ot such Institutions upon the commu
nities in which they exist. Happily, I need go
no further for an Illustration of what I mean
than to one of the deparfnents of this very
University of Pennsylvania, wnose cause I
am now advocating. Let me ask you whether
it Is possible to overrate the Importance of
tne Medical Department of the University
during the century of its existence to even the
most vulgar and common busluess Interests of
this city. Surely, we have all a right to be proud
of Its long-established fame, whloh bas placed It
at the head of the medical schools of the coun
try; but we may, if we choose, calnulate the
value to the material prosperity ot tbe city of
tnose vast numbers who have been and are still
attracted hither by that fame In the pursuit of
their medical education. I sometimes specula'e
upon the probable effect on this oommuntiy had
the Collegiate Department of the Wutverslty
been as successful in attracting students within
its walls as tbe Medical Department has beeu.
1 do not think I go too far wnen I say that could
we bave sent every year, for the last llfty or
sixty years, one hundred aud fifty weil-'.ralned
yonng men into this community, Its whole
aspect would have been changed, and a higher
and truer civilization would tiy tuls time have
penetrated Into every 0bie of its life.
There is one peculiar feature In the solid
gnurantees offered by this University for tua
education of your onlldren wuloh I must not
omit to mention. I refer not now specially to
the distinguished ability and high reputation
of my learned and honored colleagues of the
Faculty of Arts, nor to tue advantages wnich a
liberty of choice iu tbe subjects of study gives
lo the pupil, but rather of tue opportunity our
position affords of pieserviug home Influence
over a I oy during the most critical period of
bis life. Amidst the universal decay of the old
fushlonrd restraining powers over young men,
tbe itilluence ot borne still preserves almost
alone something of its original vitality. It is a
most precious means of iutluei.ee, and when
faithfully exercised has, peruaps, more lo do
with the true education of a boy thau all which
he can It aru from bis books. We oanuot be too
careful. It seems to me, how we value It lightly,
or substitute for It tuy ot her means of forming
the character ol the jour.g. There are advau
titles uiiCji.es lonatily, so lar as stimulating a
boy's ambition lacoucernel, lu separating him
from his family, aud forcing him lo associate for
four yei-rs with ihoseenHged In a common pur
suit, It musi not be forgotten, however, that this
common pursuit embraces not merely study
aud lni rovement, but all those occupations,
some ol them harmless, but very many of them
hurtful, which boys when left to themselves
ate apt to Indulge in. The simple question is,
whether at this period of Hie home asBoouuoiis
do not form a better, purer, more c m-rrva'lTe
influence In the lormatloh of character, than
the exclusive companionship of linmiluro and
unrestrained boys. There Is nothing magic!,
let It be remembered, la tbe results of that sort
of college life lu which the students dwell
under tlie same roof, and are suiJctat al'
times to college dUclpllne, This bysteiu was
originally adopted in this country not from
deliberate choice, but from necessity, for In tbe
villages in whloh colleges were tlrstesiablished
there were no suitable aooomm latlous
for tbe residence of students. Ia the
great Kngllsh Universities it is an at
tempt lo adapt a plan originally devised
for purposes of monastlo discipline to the
uses of modern life. But elsewhere In Europe,
young men are ardentnd successful lu toe
pursuit of liberal studies lu universities where
the dormitory system does not prevail Iu
Scotland, lu France, throughout Germany, la
Holland, Denmark, and Hweden, there Is no
lack of enthusiasm for learning among tbe stu
dents In Ibe universities. Tnese students do
not live together, college discipline, In the
sense iu wuiuu tc-uu j useu uvih, ih uu
known, auu yet tuey rorin relatively a tar more
important aud powerful class iu the commu
nity than they do in this couutry. I need only
remind you that almost every uiiivsiire of
lltmal political reform in the Institutions of
the t'oiiUmut, since Ihe downfall ot Napoleou,
has bad Its birth In the nnlversltles. and that
l he nn-clolstered and non-cornmnnltv system
whicn prevails lu them has produced tne great
est scholars of t he age.
On the thirtieth of September, 1791, seventy
etaht yearn ago to-clay, the Legislature of tats
Commonwealth passed an act granting to trie
Trustees of Ibe University of Pennsylvania Its
present charter. By that act the powers which
had been conferred by the Colonial G vera
mi ni In 17.")) upon the College of Philadelphia
were trims erred lo the new corporation. Tnls
oilglual charier declares the motive of tue
grant to bave been "a desire to encourage the
plum, uetui, and charitable designs of the
loiiudtmof iue Ci liege; hoping that It would
prove, through the blessing of Amilghty Hod, a
nursery of wisdom and virtue, and be toe
means or raising up men of dispositions aud
qualifications beneficial lo the publlo lu tne
VHrli us occupations of life." Those who now
manage its sff.ilis have precisely the same
pious, UM-uil, and charitable design! lu viuw
hs tho, which animated lu loonters
more than a century ag; and they
appeal with equal coudlenc? lo
the community In which they live for the
means of curi'Mbg out iho-e desigus. 1 trust
that their appeal will meet wl'li tlie same suc
cess as lhat of their illustrious predeoe'i-ors. If
contributions are now made for Ibis purpose
hearing anytblnu like the same proportion to
our present wealth as those nude before tho
Revolution bore lo the means of people In that
day, weslxll soon have here ouo of tun hc9t
endowed lnstitullors in the country, offering
opportunities of luslruotlou of the highest and
most comprehensive Rind. For reasous whiou
I bave endeavored. In pri at least, to explain,
the llbeiHllly of our citizens during the last
tbree-qnai lers of a century h.s not llow. d la
this channel, and hence the Trustees have obh
forct d to sustal . the University on the me,tre
aud Insufficient means which have oom to
them from a former generation.
Tbe field lo be occupied by an institution like
this Is at least ten-fold greater luau it was a
hundred years ago, the oust of occupying It h is
Increased at leasl lu equal proportion, wulle no
un hps have been supplied by the publlo for
supplying this Increased need. It Is time that
the citizens of Pulludelpbia should deeply
ponder this condition ot things, and applv the
remedy without delay. A university, like a
hospital, run employ, useiully, a vast sum of
money. Human Ignornuce. I ke human stilfVr
ll'g, rxlKtgevery where In this world, aud money
In ci rtatuly never better iu vested Iliac lu eff'irls
to enlighten the one and relieve tbe other. Toe
Trustees of the University are about to iking
MreuuoriB exertions to secure here a perma
nent endowment of half a million of dol
ls rs. 'ibis is a large loan in itself, but
It is not large when compared Willi the amount
contributed eisewbere for similar purpose".
We are In need of much here tnal money can
purchuse. We waul room to grow In, the
meat a to supply, as tbe need arises, new
courses of instruction. We are growing now,
aud we want new and more commodious
bulidlDgs, an enlargid curriculum, a scientific
school of the highest character, additional
prolef-tors in departments of Instruction wuicti
we aie now forced to leave Incomplete. We
wpnt a good Unary, tbe best, scientific appa
ratus, end all the modern means of Illustration
'or our practical teaching. We want, in short,
here a Universpy lu fact as well as In nam;
We ask ou to give us such o university, one
worthy of Phlladelpnla, as the best gilt you
ciin make to your children, and doubt nottuat
tbey and their children's children shall "rise
up and call you bies.sed."
CARPETINGS.
p A L L OPEN INC.
CARPETINGR
ELEGANT W1LT0NS,
VELVETS,
BRUSSELS,
TAPESTRIES,
3-PLY3 AND INGRAIN3,
PARLOR, HALL, AND STAIR3 TO MATCH,
LEEDOM a SHAW.
No. 010 A It C II STREET,
9 16 w fn 2m Between Nlntit arid Tnth S reels.
18G8.
FALL
1883.
" GLEX ECHO MILLS."
rrCALLUM, CREASE & SLOAN
MANUFACTURERS AND IMPORTERS
OF
O UPETINGS,
Wholesale and Retail Warehouse,
Ho. 509 CHESNUT STREET,
9 8 wfm8m
Opposite Independence Hall.
FURNITURE, ETC.
QREAT BARGAINS IN
FURNITUKB.
We will t fler for the next SIXTY DAYS
Our Large, Elepant, and Fashionable Stock
of EUKMTUliE,
At inch prices as will INbUItffl BPJCKDY HALES to
close cur copartnership.
ATW00D & 1I01TEIJ,
No. 41 Sonth BEO )ND btreet,
9 21 mwflrrsp A box e Obeanut street, Est tilde.
JAMKS S. EARLB & S0XS,
No. QIC CHESNUT Street,
Iuv lie attention to their stoi k of
LOOKING-GLASSES.
Which they offer at tbe very LOWEaT FIUOKd
Tha bf it w.nufaciuie only,
NEW CHROMO-LITIIOORAPHS
Of every character. Works of Rlrket, Pewter, Bich
ardton, New Chromo alter ti eyer, etc.
EKGRAVIAG3
P1CTCBE FRAMES,
WINDJW CORSICKJ, ET0
ROGERS' GROUPS,
War and Ha moron. Subjects Sole Agency.
Oalieiy of Paliitlngs on free exhibition. 25 f mwSmEp
GROCERIES, ETC.
pURE WHITE WINS & CIDER VINEGAR
OK! EN GINUER,
MUSTARD BEKD, RPIOE3 ErC.
All the requisite fur Preserving and Pickling par-
ALBERT . ROBERTS,
Dealer In Fine Groceries,
11 7Jrp Cor. ELEVENTH and VINE S:reota
pests.
TRUSSES.
ej "SEELEY'8 HARD KUBUSIl TRUSS.
NO. US47 UriKHNUT (Street. Tuls TruM oor
reciiy applied will ours aud reutlu with wane iue uo4
Uliliciill rupture; always clean, light,, eaay, sale, and
comfortable, used lo balulug, fitud to form, never
rusia, breaks, sol's, beuoruet Umber, or moves from
place. .oaira)i'ltn(.Hi-(l Rubber Abilomlual Huu
porter, by winch the Mothers, Corpulent, aud Ladlo.
nCerliiK wltb Female weakneas, will find relief and
feriecl support very Uykt, uat, and ertectiial. l'lle
ustrnn-i-Dts Hhoulder Braces, Kiantlo HtocHuirs fo
weak Hu t'3, Huieulotis, etc. A too, large stock bt-n
Leatuei Trasses, hail usual pries. Itdy In tin..
uoe. lua
218 & 220
S. FRONT ST.
4 $
218 & 220
S. FRONT ST.
Sr CO
OFFER TO TUB TRADE, IN LOTS,
FIXE RYE AXD BOURBON WHISKIES. I.Y.BOM))
Of 1806, 1800, 1807, and 1808.
"SSI
ALSO, FEEE F11VE KIE AM) ROURBOX WniSIUi:
Of GREAT AGE, ranging from 18C4 to 18 43. ; j
Liberal contract will be entered Into for lota, in bond at DUUUery, ol tnla year anmmMiti . )
EDUCATIONAL.
bfRLCHi
1, ItUb.
btreet, will reopen (i. V.)
oepieinber
o ici Kin
MUSICAL INSTRUCTION.
Jy1SS JENNIE T. BECK, TEACHER OP
PIANOFORTE, No. 76 FLOtUDA Rt'reet, between
Kleventh and Twuirtu. below Finwater. t
PROFESSOR E. BAUILI WILL COMMENCE
bis fclnglog Leuons on ibe Hin of September.
ABimsi No. IW2 CHESs UT Sl eet, Urcalarscsa
be obtained in all Manic fetorei. 9 7 mwflm
SIO. P. RONDINELLA, TEACHER OP SING
1NO. Private lessous and classes. Residence,
fro. 8U8 H. THIKTKKNi 11 Street. 8 ID jag
PIANO. MR. V. VON AMSBERQ HAS RE
sumtd bin venoms do. 254 aomh loin hi. U161ia
BOWERS, TEACHER OK PIASO AND
. hlMJIAU, No. &.SIS. TdiNTH street. (Ill if
ALLAD AND SKJIIT SISGING.-T.
.BISHOP, JSo. Si s, N13 Jl'l;ENriI bl. V M iai
B
LEGAL NOTICES.
BOARDING.
WINES, ETC.
EILPON S EM IN ART (LATE LINWO0D
UA LL), onpoMiie iue Yorn Knad Htuion, Nona
lenosylvaula luulioad. seven miles Iroui Pulludel-
pbia.
j ne riiiennin session or miss utiiK a Heieci
BoartllriR bclKM.l lor Young Ladies will onmuienod l
I ue aiiove beautiful aud bealtnlsl situation, aueai"
utr jo. joro.
Increased accommodations bavlnc beru obtained
by change ol reHldeiics, there are a tew vacajolei,
wtilcb may be tilled by early application to iuh Prin
cipal, bboemakenoviB P. U Alouigomery Cuuuiy,
Pa. I
Ulrcnlsra. and everv Information warding tlie
school, glveu al tbe Ofllre of JAY COoKK B CO.,
Bankers, No. 114 ti. TillKD street, Philadelphia, or aa ,
above. a im
ST. FKANCI8' COLLEUE. IN CARE OK
Praucisuuu Brothers, IOUHITO. Cuinorta 1
Couuty, a', tour miles iroiu Crets.m. Charter! lu ,
1.H, with privilege of conterrloK uicrees. Location I
the niofcl healthy In tbe Stale, the Allegheny Alouu- 1
lams bring proverbial for pure water, brulng air, aud I
piciuienqne bcenery. rcuoiaHiic year couinieuc.es 1st
ol tM-pleuiher aud ends 2ili of June. Laud purveying
apparatus furnished grails. Students ail lulled from
eifchi year, lo inauhoud. Board and tnliiou. payable
lu advance, (100 per session. Classical and uijdera
laVKiiaKes extra. Ilu,
Kelcrences itlgni Rev. Bishop Wood, Philadel
phia; Bight Kev. Bishop Lionieneo, Pltlnburg; aud
Kev. '1'. b. Keynolds, Lore.lo. Music (plauo and use
of InHtrunient), jM. 81S im
JjJAMILTON INSTITUTE DA AND BoaliO-
ug-fcchool for Yonng Ladies. No. 8310 CIIEsNUT
Street, Philadelphia, will reopen on MONDAY, hep.
lember 7,lt&. For terms, etc , apply w
Stilt PHILIP A. CREQAK, A. M., Principal.
JANE M. HARPER WILL KEOPEN USB
U school for Boys aud Olrls, No. 17Z8 CUtHNUT
bireei, September (ululu mouth) 21st.
Al plication for admission can bs made at the
ruuij ul ii e 17ih aud is. li, from 10 lo Vi o'clock:, or
slier the school uouimtuuea. V lu lm
-HESNL'T STKEET FEMALE SEMINARY,
J PillLAUELPillA.
Miss BuNNKY aud Miss DILLAYK will reopen
irelr Hoarding aud Lay bcuool ( Ihiriy-seveum
temon). St-piember IS, al No. lUiJ Chesuul etreel.
Particulars Irom circulars. 10 10 10 1
ACADhMY OP THE PROTESTANT KPI9
COPAL CHUilCH, LCCUsT aud JUNlPoB
aireeis.
'iue Autumnal Session opened en SEPTEMBER 7.
jAMiUi W. BOB INS. A. M
9 T mwMw Head Msmr,
MlbS ELIZA W. SMITH'S FRENCH AND
KiSOLJau ROdKuiNU ANU DAY SCiiOOL
ion YoUJSO LADlhJS,
No. 1324 SPRUCE Street,
will reopen on MONDAY, September M. 8 2D 6w
LAW DEPARTMENT, UNIVERSITY OP
PJ-NNoYLVa jNiA. A term w.li coiuui. uce on
Ilit'it-DA . Oj otier 1. Introductory u rroiessor
j SPKiNClsU M 1 LLiL K. at 8 o'cluc It P. J . I) it I vl
riUlE MISSES JOHNSTON'S BOARDING
-L and ly School ior Youug Ladles, No, 17
IN THE PISTRICT COURT OP THE UNITED
X STA'IKS POR THE JfcA&TJCRN DiSTiUCT
PENNSYLVANIA,
IN BANKRUPTCY.
In the natler of WILLIAM U. BIKER and
1 it OM As PARLEY. Copa.luers, Bankrupts, trad
ing as Buk-r &. arley.
Kamern Districts, of Pennsylvania, ss,
A warrant lo Bankruptcy has beeu Issued by said
Curl against the Kslaie ot WILLIAM H. BiKKlt
Hid 'UIOMiS 1'AKLKV, cjuaruiers as ill
KKR AND KaRLEY, or the county of PilUUel-
Lbia aud State ot Pennsylvania, In said district, who
ave been duly aitjuiiged bankrupts upon petition of
their creditors, auu the payment of auy uenu wad
the delivery ol any property belonging lo said bank
rupts to them or to ihelr use, aud lue iransit-r of any
property by then), are forbidden by law. A meeting
of tuell'reoiiors of said bankrupts to prove tbelr deb s
and choose oue or more Absignees ot their estate,
will be held at a Court ot Bankruptcy, to be h ildnu
at No. MU WALNUT Street, Philadelphia, lu said
Dlsirict. on the li h day or October, A, D. luiis, at
o'clcik P.M., at the (inlce cf WILLIAM McMI
CHAKL, Pq., one of the Beg Is. era In Baukruu cy ot
said District. 9 ii w3t
IN THE DISTRICT COURT OP THE UNITED
STaTKB VOH TflK KA.STKRN DIai tUUT
OF PENNSYLVANIA.
IN BANKRUPTCY.
28th day of July, ikks, at Philadelphia.
The underslgued hereby give, notice of his apnolnt
ment as Assignee of LOKKNZO FAIRBANKS, of
Philadelphia, county of I'hiladelpula and Ibe
State of Pennsylvania, within said District, who
bus been adjudged a bankrupt upon his own petition
by tbe Dlaulcl Court of said District.
THOMAS W. PRICE.
" No. 506 MINO.it Street,
To the oredltora of said Bankrupt. 9 nt:n
STOVES. RANGES, ETC
NOTICE. THE UNDHRSIGNEn
would call attention of the public to his
NEW OOLDUN KAULH FURNACE.
This Is an entirely new healer. Il la so con
structed as to at once command itself to general favor,
being a combination of wrought and cast Iron. Ills
very simple In its construction, and Is perfectly air.
tight; self-cleaning, having no pipes or drums t bs
taken out aud cleaned. It is so arranged with upright
flues as to produce a larger amount of heat fro.n ths
same weight of uoal lttu any furnace now In use.
The bygrometrlo condition of tha air as produced by
my new arrangement of evaporation will at o ice de
monstrate that it is tbe only Hot Air Furnace thai
will produce a perfectly healthy atmonphere.
Those In wantol a complete Healluft Apparatus
would do well to call and examine the Golden Eagle,
CUAHLKS WILLIAMS,
No. 1132 and 11M UAKKKT Street,
Philadelphia.
A large assortment of Cooking Ranges, klre-ooard
Stoves, Low Down Urates, Ventilators, etc., al way
on band.
N, B. Jobbing of all kinds promptly dona still
NO. 1121 GIRAKD fiTREBT, CESTRALLY
located, within twa squares of the Oontiueutal
audOlrard House An unfurnished
BFCOND-BTOKY FRONT ROOM,
with first-class Board.
Vacancies for Gentlemen and Table Boarders.
Reference required. 911
GAS FIXTURES.
GAS FIXTURB 8.
MISKKY, MERRILL A TUACKARA,
No. 718 CUKSNUT Street,
nr.anufactnrers of Oas Fixtures, Lamps, etc., ale.,
would call the attention of the public to their large aua
nieguul assnrtmeut of "as Chandeliers, Pendauvi,
Mr-acKeia, eic. -i ney aino luirouuca gas pipes into
dwuilinva and publlo buiidliiK, aud a-tend to extend
JAMES CARSTAIRS. JR..
Kos. 126 WALXUT and 21 (JRAMTE Sis.,
IMPORTER OF
Urandics, Wines, (Jin, Olive Oil, Etc Etc,
AND
COMMISSION MEHOHANT"
FOR THE SALE OF
TIKE OLD 1JYE, WHEAT, AAD 1J0UR-
LUMBER
i8ta
SPKUCA JOIST.
&FBUGH JOlar.
HJl AlLOCK,
bii.&iiAj;K.
1866.
1 CfQ HJU.0ONHD CiiLAa PINK.
l OOO. ba;AfON 1LD CLJilaR P1n 18Hft
BPAMoll UUAH, FOR PllTEBmi
UAUUtlAa FLOORING. AUUa
VlKfelNlA FLOORING
BFOiAWAKK FLOOiUNai
ASBl FLOORINO.
V- a LN UT FLOOKINU.
FLORIDA MKP BOABjjf".
. RAIL PLANkT
Uf;C WAi.N U'i BDS. AND PLANK 0-.rV
1COC5. WaiJi UT BDS. AND PLANiL' 1868.
" JLUlX V A 1-lA i a..
looo. cNDiJtrAKiata' lu55r: 1868
Mil (jHflAK, J,UUt
WALNUT AND fWj,
UtJU fsHAHONKD POPLAR, 7o7777
1COO. Bi-ttONDCiUClUty. 1868.
WHITS OAKhPLANK AD fiOABDS.
1 PfiW CluAR BOX if A K KIIS' 77)7777
lODO. ClOAR BOX MAKfiRd- 1868
BPAKIbxi C1SDAR BOX BOAJtDB W
FOB BALK LOW.
lfifiQ CAROLINA 8CANTLINO. lnno
J.ODO. CAKOLINA H. T. BILLH. I 8fi8
1868.
"v A at. A DlltlM
NORWAY BCANTLLNU.
CEDAR SHINGLES. 1 n?
ClfPKICS8 bHINULKH. 1868
MAUJLB. BROTHRR AVO'
mwouuia trees.
'1
"TJN1TE1 STATiS BUILDERS' MILlT,
Sog. 24, 20, and 28 S. FIFTEEXT1I St
PHILADELPHIA,
ESLER & BROTHER,
KASI0TACT0BBR8 0
WOCD MOULDINGS, BRACKETS, STAIR BALUS.
TEBS, NEWKLL POSTd, GENERAL TORX-
AMD SCROLL WORK, ErO.
The largest assortment of WOOD MOCLDINQ8 In
this city constantly on hand. , j 2m
FLAGS, BANNERS, ETC. "
1868.
PRgSIDEriTIAL CONTEST.
JIAAKEES, TKAASrAILEVClES,
AM) LAJHTE11SS,
Campaign Badges, Medals, and Pius,
OF BOTH CANDIDATES.
.nTeFrS."yle,'ent "n ,6Ce,Pt ' On6D0UM
Ageuts wanted everywhere.
Flags ia MssUa, BnnUng, and Bilk, all laes, whole,
sale and retail.
Political Clubs fitted oat with, everytnin they m
require.
CALL ON OR ADDRESS
W. Fa 8CHEICLE,
Ko. 49 SOUTH T11IK1I STKEET,
'tUn PHILADELPHIA.
CHR0M0-LITH0GRAPHS.
' REGAL DESSERT."
A new and beautiful Chromo-Llihograph, after a
painting by J. W Peyer, just recelrtd by
A. 8. IlOllIXSO
No. 810 CHESNU T Street,
Wbo has Just reotlvtd
NEW CBROMOiS.
KiW ENCIlAVINGa
NiW FRENCH PHOTOGRAPHS.
NEW DRtSDEN JtNAatEL9.
LOOKING ULAfifeEH, Eic.
8 i!l FBJEKQALLERY.
DRUGS, PAINTS, ETC.
JOLERT SHOEMAKER & CO.,
N. E. CGraerorFOlJETlland KACE Sts.,
PHILADELPHIA.
WHOLESALE DRUGGISTS.
IMPORTER8 AND MANCFACTURERij OF
White Lead and Colored Paints, Puttj,
Varnishes, Etc
AGENTS FOR THE CELEBRATED
FKEACIl Z1C PAlSTSs
DEALERS AND OON9UMER8 BUPPLIED AT
LOWEBT PRICEH FOR CABH. 616t
SOAP.
UEEN OP ENGLAND SOAP
till VKW US' VMJI u
lug, H ror'ng. and reiiairluf gas-pipes.
.au wuia wurrauveu.
O.
QUJChiW OF ICNULA&D BOA P.
For doing a family washlug In the Deal and cheap
est manner. Ouarautevd tunal lo any in iue wi ri.1I
Bas all the streiimh ol the old rosla soap, with the
hillil .11,1 l.lh.pin. ..oulltiu. nf ..a..nl.iai'ui.ll1a 1-.,
tfiis pplendlil Hoap. MOID BY f'HK
AJLDtN CHEMICAL WORK NI 48 NORTH
FRONT STjWy LADKLPHIA.Je itt&mif
WILLIAM B. 0 R A N T.
UJilMlMiliMiillOHANT.
N.8S.DULaWAHK Avenue, Philadelphia,
iuBNT you
Iinpont's Gunpowder, Hetlned Nitre. Clinrooat, Etc,
W. Hnktr t'o.' t l'Oio att O -oov.a id Mroma.
Tri'kor, tiros t (o.'s Vb.iow Uoul B!;(W,V. 1K
Kolts aud Nalis. n