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THE DAtLY E VOWING TELEGRAPH PHILADELPHIA, MONDAY, SEPTEMBER 14, 1868.
ritOF. iVMULL ON MATERIALISM.
Allreie lteror 11 British Aiiia
nlioii llm Itlolrrnlitr theory lit Mutter
nnd In Thought. ... . '
From Vic London Atlxerur.um. " ' '
The Fre.sl.lent dliveri.d the fo11owltie,aMrcs
Flrhte, In hU lectures ou the "Vocation of lha
Scholar," Insisted on a culture (or the thoiaf
which should not be one sided, but nll-slded.
Ilis intellectual natuie waa to expand rpberl
cally, and not In a Moifle direction, la one
direction, however, Ficbte required that the
scholar should apply hinwlf directly to nature,
become a creator oi knowledge, and thus rep iy
by original labors of his own the Immense debt
be owed to the labors of others. It wai ithcia
which enabled him to supplement the kno
ledpe dcrWed from bis own researches, so as to
lender his culturo rounded and not one
side:). FicbW Idea is to some extent Illus
trated by the Constitution and the labors
of the British Association. Partly through
mathematical and party through experimental
research, physical science his ol late years
assumed a momentous position in the world.
Both In a material and in an intellectual point
oi view it bas produced, and it Is destined to
produce, Immense chants, vast social amelio
rations, and rant alterations in the popular con
ception ot the oriuln, rule, and tiovcrnnoce of
things. Miracles are wrought by science in the
physical world, while philosophy is forsaking Its
ancient metaphysical chaunels and pursuiuir
those opened or Indicated by scieatidn research.
This must become more and more the case as
philosophic wilterj become more deeply imbued
with the metheds of science, better acquainted
with the facts which scientific men have won,
and with the great theories which they have
elaborated. If you look at the face of a watch,
you see the hour and minute-hands, and possibly
also a second-hand, moving over the graduated
dial. Why do these hands move? ana why are
their relative motions such as they are observed
to be? Tnesc questions cannot be answered
without opening the watch, mastering
its various parts, and ascertaiulm? their
relationship to each other. When this is done,
we Dud that the observed motion ot the hands
follows of necessity from the inner mechanism,
of the watch when acted upon by the force
Invested in the spring. This motion of the
hands may be called a phenomenon of art, but
the case is similar with the phenomena of
nature. These also have their inner mechanism,
and their store of lorce to set that mechanism
sroinp. The ultimate problem of physical sci
ence is to reveal this mechanism, to discern this
more, and to show that from the combined
action of both the phenomena of which they
constitute the basis must of necessity flow. I
thought that an attempt to Rive you even a brief
and hketchy illustration of the manner in which
scientific thinkers regard this problem would
not be uninteresting to you on the present
occasion: more especially as it will give me
occasion to say a word or two on the tenden
cies and limits of modern science, to point
ont the region which men of science claim as
their own, and where it Is mere waste of
time to oppose their advance, and also to
define, if possible, the bourne between this and
that other region to which the questioning and
Tearnlngs of the sclentitic Intellect are directed
in vain. But here your tolerance will be needed.
It was the American Kmerson, 1 think, who said
that it is hardly possible to state any truth
strongly without apparent Injury to some other
truth. Under the circumstances, the proper
course appears to b to state both truths strong
ly, and allow each a lair share in the formation
of the resultant conviction. For truth is often
of a dual character, takiug the form of a magnet
with two poles; and muny of tho differences
Which agitate the thinking part of mankind are
to be tiaced to fbe ezciusiveness with which
different paitles affirm one half of the quality in
forgetiulness of the other half. But this wait
ing for the statement of the two Bides
of a question implies patience, it im
plies a resolution to suppress indignation
if the statement of the one half should
clash with our convictions, and not to sutler
ourselves to be unduly elated it the halt state
ment should chime in with our views, it Implies
a determination to wait calmly for the statement
ef the whole before we pronounce judgment
either in the form of acquiescence or dissent.
This premised, let us enter upon our task. There
have been writers who afliimed that the pyra
mids ot Egypt were the productions of nature;
and in his early youth Alexander von Humboldt
wrote an essay with the express object of refut
ing this notion. We now regard the pyramids as
the work of men's hands, aided probably by
machinery of which no record remains. We
picture to ourselves the swarming workera toil
ing at those vast erectlous, lifting the inert
atones, and, guided by the volition, the skill, and
possibly at times by the whip of the architect,
. placing the stones In their proper positions.
The blocks in this case were moved by a power
external to themselves, and the final form of
the pyramid expressed the thought of its human
builder. Let us pass from this illustration of
building power to another of a different kind.
When a solution of common salt is slowly
evaporated, the water which holds the salt in
solution disappears, but the salt itself remains
behind. At a certain stage of concentration
the salt can no longer retain the liquid form;
its particles, or molecules, as they are called,
begin to deposit themselves as minute solids so
minute, indeed, as to defy all microscopic
power. As evaporation continues solidification
goes on, and we finally obtain, through the
clustering together of innumerable molecules
a finite mass of salt of a definite form, Wnat
is this form 1 It sometimes seems a mimicry Of
,the architecture of Egypt We have little
Pyramids built by the salt, terrace above ter
race from, base to apex, forming thus a series of
steps resembling those up which the Egyptian
traveller is dragged by his guides. The human
mind is as little disposed to look at these
pyramidal salt-crystals without further ques
tion, as to look at the pyramids of Egypt
without inquiring wheuce they casae.
Bow, Ihea, are those salt-pyramids built up ?
Guided by analogy, you may suppose that,
swarming among the constituent molecules ef
the salt, there is an invisible population, guided
and coerced by some invisible master, and
placing the atomic blocks In their positions.
This, however, is not the scientific idea, nor do
, I think your good sense will accept it as a likely
one. The sclentitic idea is, that the molecules
act upon each other without the Intervention of
slave labor; that they attract each other and
repel each other at certain definite points, and
in certain defiuite directions; and that the pyra
midal form la the result of this plav of attrac
tion and repulsion. While, then, the blocks of
Egypt were laid down , by a power external to
themselves, these molecular blocks of fait are
self-posited, being fixed in their places by the
forces with which they act upon each other. 1
take common salt as au Illustration because it
is so familiar to us all; but almost any other
substance would answer my purpose equally
well. In fact, throughout iuorganlc nature, we
have this formative power, as Fichte would
- call it thin structural energy rsady to
come into play, and build the ultimate
particles of matter iufo deflnlnite shapes.
It is present everywhere. The ice of our winters
and of our polar regions is its handiwork; and so
equally are the quartz, felspar, and miea of our
locks. Our chalk beds are for the most part
-composed of minute shells, which are aho the
product of structural energy; but behind the
hell, as a whole, lies the result of another and
more subtle formative act. These shells are built
up of little crystals of ealcspar, aud to form
the?e the structural force had to deal with the
intangible molecules of carbonate ol lime. This
tendency on the part of matter to organize Itself,
to grow Into shape, to assume definite forms lu
obedience to the definite action of lorce, is, as I
have tald, all-pervading. It is In the ground on
Which you tread, in the water you drink, in the
air you breathe. Incipient life, in fact, mauifestg
itself throughout the vholo of what we call in
organic nature. Ttin forms ot minerals resulting
from this play of forces are various, and exhibit
difltreut degrees of complexity. Men of science
avail themselves of all possible uieuns of explor
ing tats molecular architecture. For this pur
pose they employ In turn as agents of exploration,
light, heat, magnetism, electricity, aud sound.
Polarized light is especially uselul and powerful
here. A beam of euc"u light, when sent in
among the molecules of a crystal, is aited on
by them, and trora this action we infer with more
or less of clearness the manner in which the
molecules are arranged. The difference, tor
example, between the inner structure of a plat
of reck salt fend a plate or crystallized sncir
or sugar candy Is thus strikingly revealed.
These dlfierences may be ma le to display theru
selves In phenomena of color ot great splendor,
the play of molecular tore being so regulated
as to rmove certain of the olored constitu
ents of white and Kent, and to leave other
with Increased intensity behind. And now let
us pass from what we are accustomed to
regard as a dead mineral to a living gra'.n of
corn. When It is examined by polarized light,
chromatic phenoni"tia similar to tho-e noticed
in crystals are ob.erved. And whyf Be
cause the archltectute of the grain resem
bles in some degree the architecture
of the crystal. In the corn 'the molecules are
alco set In defiuite positions, Iron which they
act upou the light. But what has built together
the molecules of tho corn t I have already said
regarding crystalline architecture that you may,
it you please, consider the atoms and molecules
to be placed in position by a power external to
themselves. The same hypothesis Is open to
jou new. But if In the case of crystals you
nave rejected this notlou of an external archi
tect, I Uiink you are bound to reject it now,
and lo conclude that the molecules of the corn
are relf-poiited by the forces with which they
act upon each other. It would be poor philo
sophy to invoke nn external scent in the oue
case, and to reject it in the other. Instead of
cutting our gram of corn Into thin slices
and subjecting it to the action of polarized
light, let us place it In the earth aud subject
it to a certain decree of v. at tut a. In other
woids, let the molecules, both of the corn
aLdot the surrounding earth, be kept In a state
of bgitation; for warmth, as most of you know,
is, in the eye ot science, tremulous molecular
motion. Under these circumstances, the grain
and the substances which surround it interact,
and a molecular architecture Is the result of
this interaction. A bud Is formed; this bud
reaches the surface, where it is exposed to the
sun's rays, which are also to be regarded as a
kind ot vibratory motion. And as the common
motion of heat with which the grain aud the
substances surrounding it wcro first endowed,
enabled the grain and these substances to
coalesce, so the specific motion of the suu's rays
now enables the green bud to feed upon the car
bonic acid and the aqueous vapor of the air,
appropriating those constituents of both for
which the blade has an elective attraction, and
permitting the other constituent to resume its
place in the air. Thus, forces are active at the
root, lorces are active In the blade, the matter
of the earth and the matter ot the
atmosphere are drawn towards the plant, and
the plant augments in size. We have in
succession the bud, the stalk, the ear, the full
corn in the ear. For the forces here at play act
in a cycle, which Is completed in the produc
tion of grains similar to that with which the
process began. Now, there la nothing in this
process which necessarily eludes the power of
mind as we know it. An intellect the same in
kind us our own would, if only sufficiently ex
panded, be able to lollow the whole process
irom beginning to end. No entirely new intel
lectual faculty would be needed tor this pur
pose. The duly expanded mind would see in
the process and its consummation an instance of
the play of molecular force. It would see
every molecule placed in Its position bv the spe
cific attractions aud repulsions exerted between
it and other molecules. May, given the grain
and its environment au intellect the same
in kind as our own, but sutliciently expanded,
might trace out a priori every step of the pro
cess, and by the application of mechanical
piinciples would be able to demonstrate that
the cycle of actions must end, as it Is seen to
end, In the reproduction of forms like that with
which the operation began. A similar necessity
rules here to that which rules the planets In
their circuits round the sun. You will notice
that 1 am slating my truth strongly, as at the
beginning we agreed it should be Btated. But I
must go still further, and affirm that in the eye
of science the animal body is just as much the
product of molecular force as the stalk and ear
of corn, or as the crystal or salt of sugar. Many
ot its parts are obviously mechanical. Take
the human heart, for example, with its ex
quisite system of valves, or take the eye or the
hand. Animal heat, moreover, Is the same in
kind as the heat of a fire, being produced by the
same chemical process. Auimal motion, too,
is as directly derived from the food of the
animal, as the motion of Trevethlck's walk
ing engine from the fuel in its furnace. A
regards matter, the animal body creates nothing;
as regards force, it creates nothing. Which of
yon by taking thought can add one cubit to his
stature ? All that has been said regarding the
plant may be restated with regard to the ani
mal. Every particle that enters into the com
position of a muscle, a nerve, or a bone, has
been placed in its position by molecular force.
And unless the existence of law in these matters
be denied, and the element of caprice intro
duced, we must conclude that, given the rela
tion of any molecule of the body to its environ
ment, its position in the body might be predicted.
Oar difficulty is not with tho quality of the
problem, but with its complexity; and this
difficulty might be met by the simple expan
sion of the faculties which man now possesses.
Given this expansion, and given the necessary
molecular data, and the chick might be deduced
as rigorously and as logically from the eeg as
the existence of Neptune was deduced from the
disturbances of Uranus, or ai conical refraction
was deduced from the undulatory theory of
light. You see 1 am not mincing; matters, but
avowing nakedly what many scientific thinkers
more or less distinctively believe. The forma
tion of a crystal, a plant, or an animal is In
their eyes a purely mechanical problem, which
differs from tke Problems of ordinary mechanics
in the s mall net s of the masses and the com
plexity of the processes involved. Here you
nave one-half of our dual truth. Let us now
glance at the other half. Associated with this
wonderlul mechanism of the animal body we
have phenomena no less certain than those of
physics, but between which and the mechanism
we discern no necessary connection. A man,
for example, can say, 1 leel, I think, I love; but
how does consciousness infuse itself into the
problem? The human brain is said to be the
organ of thought and feeling; when we are hurt
the biatn feels it, when we ponder it Is the brain
that thinks, when oar passions or affections are
excited It is through the instrumentality of the
brain. Let us endeavor to be a little more pre
cise here. I hardly imagine that any profouud
scientific thinker, who has reflected upon the
subject, exists who would not admit the extreme
probability of the hypothesis, that for every
fact of consciousness, whether in the domain
of sense, of thought, or of emotion, a certain
definite molecular condition is set up in the
brain; that this relation of physics to conscious
ness is Invariable: so that, given the state of
the brain, the coi responding thought or feeling
might be inferred ; or given the thought or feel
ing, the corresponding state of the brain might
be interred. But how Inferred ? It Is at bottom
not a case of logical interenco at all, but of
empirical association. You may reply that
many of the inferences of science are of this
character; the inference, lor example, that an
electilc current ot a given direction will deflect
a magnetic needle lu a definite way; butthe
cases differ in this, that the passage from the
current to the needle, if not demonstrable, is
thinkable, and that we entertain no doubt as to
the final mechanical solution ot the problem;
but the passage from the physics of the brain to
the corresponding facts of consciousness is un
thinkable. Granted that a dedntto thought, and
a definite molecular action in the brain occur
simultaneously, we do not possess the intellec
tual organ, nor apparently any rudiment of the
organ, which would enable us to puss by a pro
cess of reasoning from tho one phenomenon to
the other. They appear together, but we do
not know why. Were our minds and senses so
expanded, strengthened, and illuminated aj
to enable us to see and feel the veiy molecules
of the brain; were we capable of following all
their motious, all tb lr groupings, all their elec
trie discharges, if surhnibere be, and were we
intimately acquainted with the corresponding
spates of thought and feeling, we should be as
far as ever from the solution of the problem,
'IIow are these physical processes connected
with the facts of consciousness ?"
The chasm between the two classes of
phenomena would still remain intellectually
Impossible. Let the consciousness of love, for
example, be associated with a right-handed
spiral motion of the molecules of the brain, and
the consciousness ot hate with a left-handed
spiral motion. We should then know wheu we
love that the motion Is in one direction, awl
wheu we bate that the notlou )s In the other;
but the "why ?" would still remain nnanwerecl.
In affirming that the grovth of the body Is
mechanical, and that thought, a exercised by:
ns, lias its correlative in the physics of th
brain, I think the position of the "materialist1!
is stnted as far as that position is a tenable one.,
I think the materialist will be able finally to
maintain this position aeatnst all attacks; but I
do not think, at tbe human mind Is at present
constituted, that he can pass beyond it. I do
not think he is entitled to ssv, that his molecu
lar Groupings and his molecular motions explain
everything. In reality, they explain nothing.
The utmost he can affirm Is the association
of two classes of phenomena, of whose
real boud of union he Is in absolute
Ignorance. The problem of the connection of
body and soul is as insoluble in Its modem form
as it was In tie pre scientific ages. Phosphorus
is known to enter Into the composition of the
human brain, aud a courageous writer bas ex
claimed, in his trenchant German, "Oboe Phos
phor keln Gedanke." That may or may not be
the case: but even if we knew It to be lhecase,the
knowledge would not lighten our darkness. Ou
both sides of the zone here assigned to the ma
terialist he is equally helpless. If you ask htm
whence is this 'matter'1 of which we have been
discoursing, who or what divided it into mole
cules, who or what impressed upon them Ihis
necessity of runnlrig into orgauic forms, he has
no answer. Science also Is mute in reply to
these questions. But If the materialist is con
founded, and science rendered dumb, who else
is entitled to mswer? To whom hits tho
secret bten revealed. Let us lower our
heads aud acknowledge our Ignorance,
one and all. Perhaps the mystery may
resolve Itself Into knowledge at some futuro
day. The process of thing upon this earth has
been one of amelioration. It is a long way from
the Iguanadou and his contemporaries to the
President nnd members of the British Assocla.
tion. And whether we regard the Improvement
from tbe scientific or from the theological point
of view as the result of progressive develop
ment, or as the result of successive exhibitions
of creative energy neither view entitles us to
assume that a man's present faculties end the
scries; that the process of amelioration stops at
him. A time may therefore come when this ultra
scientific region by which we are now enfolded,
may offer itself to terrestrial, if not to human
investigation. Two-thirds of the rays emitted
by the sun lnll to arouse in the eye the sense
of vision. The rays exist, but the visual
organ requisite for their translation Into light
does not exist. And so from this region of
darkness and mystery which surrounds us, rays
may now be darting which require but the de
velopment of the proper intellectual organs to
translate them into knowledge as far surpassing
ours as ours does that of tbe wallowing reptiles
which once held possession of this planet.
Meanwhile the mystery is not without its uses.
It certainly may be made a power in the human
soul; but it is a power which has feeling, not
knowledge tor its base. It may be, and will be,
and we hope is, turned to account, both in
steadying and strengthening the intellect, and
in rescuing man from that littleness to which,
in the struggle tor existence, or for precedence
in the world, he is continually prone.
RELIEF ASSOCIATION.
c.
OFFICE OFTFIE MANHATTAN t'O OP.
BATIVE BUEr ASSOCIATION,
No. 432 WALNUT STREET, PHILADELPHIA.
Object. Tbe object ot this Association Is to secure
a casu payment within forty days alter the death of
member ol as many aol.ars as there are members la
the class lo which he or she belongs, to the heirs.
ILLUbTKATlOiS; Clais "A" has fcuo male members.
A member dls. The Association pays over within
forty days S500S totbe widow or heirs, and the
rtmalnlug members forward within thirty days one
dollar and ten ceute each to the Association to re
imburse 1'. Falling to send this sum, they forfeit to
the Association all moneys paid, and the Association
supplies a new member to fill the place of the retirlng
oue.
TEN CLASSES FOR MEN AND TEN FOR
VOMJiiN.
Ci.asbfs. In Crass A all persons between the Bgs
of 15 aud to years; In ulass H, all persons between me
out a ot 20 and 25 y van: In CUss t), all parsons be
tween tbe ages ot 2s and 30 years: lu Oiass D, all per
sons between the aes of SO and K8 years; in Class K all
persous between the ages of 85 and 4o years; In Class
F, all persons between the ages of 40 and 45 years; In
CUbs ii, all persous between the ages of 45 and so
jmhi: In tjlasa Jl, mil persons between Ibe ages ol M
and 66 years; In class 1, all persona between the ages
of 66 and oO years; lu Class K, all persons between tue
ages of 60 and 66 years. The Messes for women are
the same as above. Bach class Is limited to 6000
members. Kach person pais six dollars upon be
coming a member and one dollar and ten cents
each time a member dies belonging to the same
class he or she Is a member of. One dollar
goes direct to the heirs, ten cents to pay for
collecting. A member of one class cannot be assessed
Ib's dollar lr a member of another class dies, iiacn
class la Independent, having no connection with any
oiher. To become a member it Is necessary To pay
Biz Dollars Into the treasury at the time of making
the application; to pay Oue Dollar aud Ten CeniS
In lo the treasury upon the death of each and auy
iutruber of tbe class to which he or she belonxs.
within thirty days after date ot notice of such death;
to give your Same, Town.Ooubty, btate, Occupation,
etc.; aUo a mtdical certificate, i-very minister is
asked to act as agent, and will be paid tegular rales
1"CDB. Circulars will explain fully In regard to
lundBand Investments. Circulars giving full expla
nation and blank forms of application will be sent,
on requestor upon a personal application at the oIUjs
Of the Association. vj
TRUSTEES AND OFFICERS.
E, McMDRDV. President. Wl
K. JWHT (President Star Metal Co.) Vlee-
W, 8. C A ft AN (President Stuyresant Bank), Trea
. smec ' .
LEWIS SANDERS, Secretary.
D. K. BiAfiUAM (President National Trust Co.)
D. H. DTJNCOMB, No. 8 Pine street.
The tiust funds will be held In truit by the
NATIONAL TRUST COMPANY.
No. m Broadway, New York.
A gents wanted for this city.
Address
WILLIAM LIPPINOOTT, Osnrral Arent,
Manhattan Co-operative Relief Association,
21m No 432 WALNUT Street, Philada,
GROCERIES, ETC.
EXTRA FINE
NEW MESS MACKEREL,
IN KITTS.
ALBERT Ct BOBEBTsJ,
Dealer In Fine Groceries,
11 71 rp ELEVENTH and VINE Streets.
TRUSSES.
"BEELET8 HARD RUBBER TRUSS,
No. 1U47 CAJlUNUT Street. Tills Truss cor-
re tiy applied will cure and retain with ease the most
dlWoult rupture; always dean, light, easy. sale, and
comfortable, used in bathing, fltuid to form, never
rusta, breaks, soils, becomes limber, or moves from
place. No strapping, Hard Rubber Abdominal Sop.
porter, by w blub the Mothers, Corpulent, and Ladies
Buttering with Female weakness, will find relief aud
rerfect support: very light, neat, aud eiteotual. Pile
nstruments. Shoulder Braces, Elastic) Stockings rb
weak limbs, Suspensions, etc. Also, large stock bes
Leather Trusses, ball osaai prloa. Lady In atunid.
1SWWUM
GAS FIXTURES.
- rINANCIAL.
FINANCIAL.
AS FI XT URES.
MISERY, MERRILL A THAOJCABA.
NO. 718 CiJiCHNlJT RLruttL '
mannfmcturera of Oaa Futures, Lamps, ete., etc.
woo Id call the attention of the public to their large and
elegant assortment of Oas Cbandellera. Feud aula,
Brackets, eto. They also Introduce gas-plpea lulO
dwellings and public buildings, and attend toexteaOt
log, altering, aud repairing as-pluea.
Ail work warranted. s.ltl
piTLER, WEAVER & CO..
KANUTAOTBRSBS OF
MANILLA AND TARRED CORDAGE, COEDS
TWINES, ETC.,
No. U North WATER Street, and
NO, 23 North DELAWARE Avenae.
tMm.iDaLrinA.
Knwm B, Fttlu, Mich ah, wumi
CewBAP F. Ciyoraiita. i j
IRE GUARD 8,
FOB BTOBE FROXTi, AaTXVJOU, FAC
TOBIES, ETC.
Fatent Wire Railing, Iron Bedsteads, Ornament
Wire Work, Paper Makers' Wires, and every variety
Ol Wire Work, man ulao lured by
J. WALKER dk BOM.
!BBWt mo u nam uixtu Btteeti
ITlIBMDOLPPj
Dealers In hll Government SocnriUci ani
Foreign Exchange.
Letters of Credit Issncd on Messrs. JAMES
TT. TUCKER & CO., Tarls,
AVAILABLE FOR TRAVELLERS' UBS
THROUGHOUT EUROPE.
Hills on all the principal cities.
UoTernment Securities bought, sold,
exchangede
SMITII, RANDOM?!! & CO.,
No. IC Couth THIRD Street.
a
tlO PHILADELPHIA.
WM. PAINTER & CO.,
BANKERS AD DEALERS IN GOVERN
MENT SECURITIES,
No. 30 South THIRD Street,
PHILADELPHIA,
AGENTS FOR
The Union Pacific Railroad Co.,
iND
Central Pacific Railroad Co.
Wa hare on hand THE FIRST MORT
GAGE SIX TER CENT. GOLD INTEREST
BONDS of both Companies, for sale or
Exchange Tor Government Securities.
Pamphlets, with Maps, Reports, and full
Information fumfshed on application, e itr
F'RST MORTGAGE
SEVEN PER CENT. BONDS
OT THE
ROCHESTER WATER WORKS CO.
FOR SALE AT 87J,
And Accrued Interest from JULY 1, 1868.
PAYABLE SEMI AJJStTAfclVr. '
January and July.
Toe aggregate amount or these Boads leaned by the
Company Is 9400,600! npoa their works estimated
to cost over l,O0O,ooo,
Prom a careful examination of the uses which will
be made of the water in the city and suburbs, It is
estimated that the Company will be able to pay
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ONLY A LIMITED AMOUNT OF THESE B0ND3
ABE FOB SALS AT THESE PBIOES.
APPLY TO
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GOVERNMENT SECURITIES.
Bills of Exchange nnd Letters of Credit
' sold on all parts of Europe.
UNION AND CENTRAL PACIFIC
FIBST MORTGAGE BONDS, .
BOUGHT AND SOLD. 8 29 2m
BANKING HOUOB
Kos. 112 and 111 South THIRD Street
PHILADELPHIA. J
Dealers In all Gorernment Securities. '
Old 5-203 Tf anted In Exchange for Keir
A Liberal Difference allowed. - !
Compound Interest Notes Wanted. ' !
Interest Allowed on Deposits. j
COLLECTIONS MADE, BTOOKJS boncbt and sold
n Commission.
Special business accommodations referred lor
ladle. Mia
We will reoelTe applications trr Policies ot Lire
Insurance In the National Ltie Insurance Oompany of
the umiea toMtoev Jtut uuurmauou givea our
t
UNION PACIFIC RAILROAD
. FIRST MORTGAGE BONDS
At 102,
And Accrued Interest.
CENTRALPACIFIC RAILROAD
FIRST MORTGAGE BONDS
At 103,
And Accrued Interest.
FOR SALE BY
De Haven & Bro..
No. 40 SOUTH THIRD STREET,
118 PHILADELPHIA.
QLENDIN N I NQ & DAVIS,
RO. S UTH iniBD ITBETtl
Block and Gold Broken.
QUOTATIONS OP NEW YORK STOCKS
ALWAYS OS BAND. 1(8
B. aLmniwsnaa. rui tour r. satis
SHIPPING.
yffffgN LORILLARD'S OUTSIDE LINE.
FOR NEW YORK.
From and after tuts date, tbe rates of freight bj this
line will be ten cents per 100 lbs. for heavy goods; four
cents per foot, measurement; one cent per gallon for
liquids, ship's option. One of tbe bteamersof this
Line will leave every Tuesday, Thursday, and Satur
day. Oocds received at all times on covered ptera
AU goods forwarded by Hew Yvtk agent free of
charge, except cartage.
For farther Information, apply on the plor to
8 2Hm JOHN F. Q3L.
rffifU FOR LIVEUPOOL AND QUEENS
mWilR. TOWN.-lnman Line of Mall Hteameni
at appointed to sail as follows:
CI'l Y OF LON DON. Haturdar, Beptember 12; '
CITY OP BALT1MOKK, Saturday, Beptember IS;
CITY OF Nh,W YORK, Tuesday, SepleoiOer 22;
CITY OF BOSTON, (Saturday. Beptember 28.
and each succeeding feaimday and alternate Tuesday,
at 1 P, Bt., from Pier , North .hirer.
KATd OF PAbHaufa: by tui mail STaiuaa
. M1LIN8 IViSI S41UEBAT,
Payable lu Oold. Pnyable tu Correnoy.
FIRbT CABlN..M......inogxKEKAOK....
to L.n don to London-........ 40
to Paris, llo lo Paris. il
P ASS A 41 K BY TUB TOKSDAY BTKaMKB VIA HALIVAX.
FIBhT CABIN. ITIERtfll.
Pay able In Uold, Payable In Currency,
Liverpool ..............t0
ilHMII
tU John's, N. F.........l
by Branch Steamer....
40
Liverpool.. ...39
Halifax it
"t. John's, N. F. I .a
oy branch. Hteamer...
Passengers also forwarded to Havm Htmiinn. Mrs.
men, etc., at reduced rates.
Tickets can be beucht here by persons sending for
thtlr friends, at moderate rates.
For further Information apply at the Company's
OBires.
JOHN O. DALE, Agent, No. 15 BROADWAY, N. Y.
OltO O'DOMNuLL A FAULK, Agents,
No. 411 (JHlioJS UT Blrett, Philadelphia.
-fgFtt-s NORTH AMERICAN BTEAUSHIP
fllaM Vn. COMP AN Y.
Ihroagh Lima to California Tla Ftatus
j.iaureaa.
NEW ARRANGEMENT.
Sailing from New Yoik on the stb and totb of
xj v h x mun a aa, or uie uay oeiure when these daM
Pissage lower than by any other Una,
For Information address
I). N. CARBINQTON. Agent,
Pier N. 46 NORTH K1VKH, New York,
. . , r 1 HUM AH M. BKARUC.
No. 817 WALN U t fettreet, PbUad.lub.ta, a.
W. H.-WKBB. Preldent. JHAB. 1AM A,loPr4s
OtUce-4 F.XCHANOK Plac. New York. S I Sin
fgffc NEW EXPRESS LINE TO ALEX
ittelMias andrla. Georgetown, and Washlng-tom
1. u, via Chesapeake and Delaware Canal, with con
nections at Alexandria from tbe most direct route
or .Hnchburg, Bristol, Knoxvllle, Nashville, Daitoa
and the Bonthwest. '
H learners leave regularly svery Batarday at noon
from the first wharf awe Uarkel street.
Freight received daily. ,..
WM. P. CLYD1! A CO.,
,, . No, 14 Nortn and Mouth Wharves.
J. B. DAVIDSON, Agent at Georgetown.
M. JCLDRILUJfi Co., Agents at Alexandria, VU
Ilnla. (i
fPPK NOTICE. FOR NEW YORK. VIA
Sfiiki2l)BLAWAKK ANDIUkITAN cVau
itXFRAaa BHD AM BOAT COMPANY
The Bteam Propellers of this Hoe leave DAILY
roum wharf beiow Market streef!
TUKOUOH IN 24 HOURS.
Goods forwarded by all the lines going OntofNew
York, North, Kast, and West, free of commission.
Freights received at our nsnal low rates.
WILLIAM P. CLYDE A CO.. Agents.
JAMES HA&Afa' rUktoUft
No. lis WALL Btreet, corner Of Booth, New York.
ti-f, TASBAGK TO AND FROM GREAT
SLlifcil.li Bit! 1 AIM AM IKsILaND
All falJEAMBHIP AND SAILING! PACKST.
AT RttDUC&D KAIFH '
DRAFTS AVAILABLE THROUGHOUT ENG
LAND, IRELAND, BOOTLAND, AND WAlVKd,
For particulars apply to
TAPaOOrTB. BROTHERS A CO.,
NO. 88 80UTH Btreet, and N. U BROADWAY,
Or to THoMAB T.8EARLE, '
1 1 No, 217 WALN UT etrvet.
'"fif'fa PHILADELPHIA, RICHMOND
I FRK1UUT AIK LIN mi TO TH1
BOOTH AND WEST,
EVERY SATURDAY,
Btreeu0011" FIRST WHARF above MARKET
THROUGH BATES and THROUGH RECEIPTS
to all points in North and Sou,h Carolina, via sea
board Air Line Railroad, connecting at Portsmouth
and to Lynchburg, Va., Tennessee, aud the West, via
Virginia and Tennessee Air Line and Richmond and
Danville Railroad,
Freight HANDLED BUT ONCE, and taken at
LOW ER RATUtt THAN ANY OTHER LIMat
The regularity, safety, and cheapness of this route
commend It to the public as tu. most dealrable me
dium for carrying every description ol freight.
No charge for commission, drayage. or any expense
el transfer.
Bteamshlps Insured at lowest rates.
Freight received dally,
WILLIAM P. CLYDE A CO.,
N. 14 North and bouih WHARVES.
W. P. PORTER, Agent at Rlohmoud and City
Point.
T, P. CROWELL A CO.. Agents at Norfolk. 1
rfCTLSF0R KEW YORK-SWIFT-SURB
MmmiIi imiI ii Transportation Company Despatch
tk. u o in-sure Llue via Delaware and Rarllan
Canal, on and after tne ISth of March, leAVIng dally at
12 M . and l P. M., connecting Willi all Northern and
Eastern lines,
For treliUii, which will be taken on accommodating
terms, appiy t WILLI A SI M, HAIKU AVO.,
1 U No. la B. DELAWARE A Venus.
CARRIAGES. I
GARDNER & FLEMING
CAIIIUAGK BUILDKR8.
Ko. 214 S0UT1I FIFTU STHELT,
BELOW WALNUT.
An assortment of NEW AND SECOND-HAND
CARRIAGES always on band at REASONABLE
PKiuaa. is fmwsm
TDENKSYLVANIA HOSPITAL.
X Puiuaoklphja, Jannary J8, 1888.
Tbe attending Managers are:
B. Morris Wain. No. 141 bouth Delaware avenue.
Adolph E. Borle, No. 16 oock street.
Attending Physician Dr. J. M. Da Oosta, No, loot
Spruce stnet.
Attending Burgeons D Addlnell Hewson, No. US
South Flfleeinh sueet; Dr. D. Hayes Agnew, No, U
North Eleventh street.
The Physicians and burgeons attend at the Hospi
tal every day (Hundays excepted), to receive appli
cation lor admission,
peisous seriously tnjared by accident are always
admitted U brouiht to I ha Hospital buiuedlauily
tkaceafw i
EAST INDIA TELEGRAPH...
JLLXTRIC: TELEOILU'II 'IS CMKA.
i. T1IE IJAtiT INti lX ' ,
i ..... ,,
TELEGRAPH COMPANY'S
j
- ; office, Y:;.": "
Ncs. 23 and 25 NASSAU Street.
. i.. .
. , . .....( -
ORGARIZKD UNDER KPKCIAL CHARTER FROM
THE STATE OF NEW YOLK, .
CAPITAL. . . 5.900,000
1 t
50,000 SHAKES. tlOO EA.GII. .
DIRECTORS. ; t
Bon. AttBBiw a. CrmTtw, Philadelphia, ,
Patl e. Fobiifs, of Russell A Co.. China.
Faitn. BrTTiBFiFl d, of F. Butterfleld A Co, New
York.
Isaac Livipmohk. Trra. Mlcb. C. B. R., Boston.
AtrzAKDis Holland, Tress. Am. Ex, Co., New
York. ' .
Hon. JamsNoxon. Bjrncnse, N, Y.
C. 11. Palmkk, Tress. We at. U. Tel. Co., New York".
Fletcher WiTHAY,of Westray, Ulbus A Uardcas
tie, N. Y.
Nicholas Mickles, New York,
......
OFFICE K8. ' '
A. G.CtJBTijf, rrfeldenf.
N. Wick lib, Vlce-Preildent,
Gioboe Con a NT, fcecreUry.
Gxoaoa Ellis iCashlcr National BAuk Common
wealtb)J Treasurer,
Hon. A. K. Moilckb Philadelphia, Solicitor, ,
She Chines Govanmait having (through the Jlon.
Anton Burllnvame) conceded to thtt Qympany thtprivU
lege of connecting the great te.aport of the Empire by
u&marri electric telegraph cable, we protmte commenc
ing derations in China, and laying down a line of goo
mile at once, between ihe following port, via;
Population;
Canton....... ..... J .....1,000,000
Macon...- ......... 60,000
Hong KoDg............ ...............-... 250,000
Bwatow... I M TfMt """"" """""T" ""T-rtl'TTttSIHTSSSSUL 100.000
280,000
Poo-Chow.... ..-. .....1,2M,000
Wan-Chu................ 800.000
Ntrigpo ...-........... 400,000
Baug-Chean ; 1.JW.000
Bbapghal , .......m..l,000,000
Total............ tlo.OOO
These porta have a torelgn commerce of 1900.000,000
and an enormous domestic trade, beeldes which we
have the Immense Internal commerce of the Empire,
tadlatlDg Irom these points, through lis canals and
navigable rivers
Tbe cable bein g laid, this company propose erecting
land Unew and establishing a speedy and trustworthy
means of communication, which, must command
there, as everywhere else, the communications of the
Government, of business, and of social life, especially
In China. Bhe bas no postal system, and her only
means now of communicating Information Is by
courier on land, and by steamers on water, .
The Western World knjws thai China Is a .very
large country , In the main densely peopled; bat few
yet realize that she contains more than a third of the
hum an race. T he latest returns made to her central
authorities for taxing purposes, by the local magis
trates, make her population bur Hundred and bur.
teen Millions, and tLls Is more likely to be under than
over the actual aggregate. Nearly all of these who
are over ten years old not only can, bnt do read and
write. Her civilization Is peculiar, bnt her literature
Is as extensive as that of Europe. China la a land of
tvacheis and traders; and the latter are exceedingly
quick to avail U emselves of every proffered facility
for procuring early Information. It Is observed In
California that the Chinese make great use of the
telegraph, though It there transmits messages In En
glish alone To-day, great numbers of fleet steamer
are owned by Chinese merchants, and used by them
exclusively for tbe transmission of early Intelligence,
If tbe telegraph we propose, connecting all their great
seaports, wete now In existence. It Is believed that
Its business would pay Its cost within the first two
years of Its successful operation, and would steadily
Increase thereafter.
No enterprise commends Itself as In a greater de
gree remunerative to capitalists, and to our whole
people. It la of vast national Importance commer
cially, politically, and evangelically, '
Shares of this company lo a limited number, may
be obtained at aio each, f 10 payable down, Its on the
1st of November, and 28 payable In monthly install
ments of 12 50 each, commencing December 1, ltws
on application to , , .
DREXEL & CO..
No. 34 SouUi TIIlKD Street, PMladelpMa,
' i ' ;
To duly authorized Banks and Bankers throngbout
Pennsylvania and at .the
OFFICE OF THE COMPANY,
Ncs. 23 and 25 NASSAU STREET, .
$29 NEW YORK.
FIRE AND BURGLAR PR OOF SAFES
FIRE-PROOF SAFES.
. . .'.-.)
$16,000 In Money, Taluable Books' and
Tapers perfectly prescrred through tho
lire of July 20, 1808, at Dore's Depot,
Houtli Carolina, hi one of MARVIK'g
S owned uy
DEL0RME & D0YE.
50,00,0 feet of Lumber destroyed in onr
Planing Mill in Brooklyn, May li, 1868.
AU our Money, Tapers, and llooks, Bayed
In excellent order in a MAKYLVS SAFE, .
Alum and Dry Tlaster. ' i
SHEARMAN BROS.
Doth of the above were TEItY SETERB
A PERFECTS AFC
CHROME 1H0N SriLEEICAl
BURGLAR SATE
Cannot be Sledged !
Cannot bo Wedged J
Cannot be Drilled I
CALL AND BEE THEM, on' BEND F03 SK-
BCfclfllVJli OliMJDi-Ait
MARVIN & CO.,
TRIPiClTAL jm CUESTAUTSTn
Tf AREllOl'SES, S (Masonic Hall), Thila.,
aoa hoai wat, sin tokk,
1S)S HAMs M1HA.IST, IL VKlMlA, O.,
And for sale by our Agent In the prl no! pal cities
throughout the Dniud stale. ISlmwOm
C . L . M A I 8 R It .
ii MANUFACTURES O
FIRE AND nCKGLAK-PKOOF 84FE3,
LOCK. U IT H, BKI.lHANUKK. AND UBALEB
IN BWidUU 11 A HOW A UK,
t H Ho. tu uace Street.