OUR NEW NORTHWEST.
RUSSIAN AMERICA.
BY OTTO BTROLINBKI.
The discovery and early history of the Rus
sian I'ossessions In America, until the late ao
tion of Congress, attracted but little attention;
lot with a prospect of its becoming a part of
ur national domain, every fact connected with
it becomes interesting. The object of this
paper is not to describe the country as it at
present exists, but to go back to the boginning
und Bhow how it was discovered, and by whom.
Our chief sources of information are found in
"An Account of the Russian Discoveries be
tween Asia aud America," by the Rev. Wil
Eam Coxe; and "A History of Russian 1 .s
ries " bytlerard Frederick Muller, written
in German, but translated into French and
Knclish- and both of these works as iuot l by
Captain James Buriwy, of the British Navy,
in his "Chronological History of Northeastern
Vovnces of Discovery, and of the Karly Int
ern Navigations of the Russians," published
in London in 1S1D. We are indebted also to
the "Voyage Round the World," by Otto von
Kotzebne, of the Russian Navy.
The desire to discover a northeast passage
from Kurope to Asia was early expressed by
the Russians; aud this desire was very na
tural, first, on account of the benefit that
would accrue to that empire from an easy pis
sagft round their coasts from the liurope.ui to
the Indiau ocean; and, secondly, on account
of the greater facilities possessed by tlieiu,
especially the inhabitants of Siberia, aud from
their being iuured to the hardships of an
arctic climate.
As early as l.rr8 the Czars of Muscovy as
sumed the title of Lords of Siberia, including
all the northern portions of Asia. The con
quests of the Russians over the nations of
Siberia and Tartary opened the way for the
advance of venturers and fur hunters, and in
the early part of the eighteenth century these
Russian adventurers began to push their way
eastward across the . continent for the pur
poses of trado. These traders were called
IVomysrldt-.ni, aud their great object was to
gather up the rich furs which everywhere
abounded, aud the teeth of the sea-horse,
which were in great demand. Forming them
selves into independent companies, they
gradually gained possession of the whole of
.Eastern Siberia.
It was not until the year 1U46" that the first
voyage was undertaken from the Asiatic coast,
by a company of i'romyschleni, under the
direction of a inau named Isai Ignatiew.
Without chart or compass they sailed from a
port in the sea of Ochotsk, rounded the point
of Kamtschatka, and pa?sed towards the
north. They disembarked on a point of land,
placed their merchandise on the strand, and
retreated; the natives then approached and
took what they pleased, leaving in return
sea-horse teeth, both whole and in carved
pieces. The success of this voyage induced
others, and in June, 1047, four vessels de
parted from the same port, on board of one
of which we find the Cossack, Semoen
Deschnew, who afterwards became famous a3
a voyager; but the ice proving too great an ob
stacle, the enterprise was abandoned.
The next year Deschnew ventured to make
. another attempt in behalf of the crown, and in
1U48 a fleet of seven vessels sailed from the
same port. Four of these vessels returned,
but the other three continued on their course.
The course of these vessels was along the
coasts of Kamtschatka; but on account of their
small size, when the wind was strong, driving
the ice in towards the shore, they were com
pelled to take refuge in the entrances to rivers
and creeks, and could only proceed when the
south wind drove the ice to sea again. Desch
new has left a journal of this voyage,
which is preserved among the archives
of the Russian Government at St. Peters
burg, which was examined and a part
published by Muller in his "Discoveries." It
is not necessary to enter into the particulars
of this voyage, as their only discoveries were
upon the Asiatic shore.
During the succeeding five or six years,
. Deschnew and another Russian named Du
chail Staduchim made various voyages, but
with little success worth recording. From
this time until 1G97 little was accomplished in
the way of discovery, but in that year Wolo
dimer Atlassow, a Cossack officer, headed an
expedition under the direction of the Siberian
government, for the purpose of conquering
Kamtschatka for the Russian crown. This
expedition was made overland. Near the
coast they found villages of Russians, having
formerly been in Kamtschatka. It was a kind
of traditional report among the natives that
Strangers had arrived among them who had
. married women of the country and settled
there. These were.no doubt, traces of the
expeditions Bent out early in the century.
Up to this time the Russian Government in
Europe had taken but little interest in the
affairs of this remote region; but after the
beginning of the eighteenth century, Peter
the Great Bent directions to the Governor of
lakutBk, the capital of Siberia, to prosecute
the discovery of new lands in the Arctic Sea,
but little seems to have resulted from this
order. Passing by the numerous independent
voyages undertaken during the next twenty
years, which are devoid of special interest, we
etrike upon the name of one whose discoveries
were highly important Captain Vitus Bering,
m Dane by birth, but in the service of the
Russian Czar. Towards the close of the
. reign of Peter the Great, the question which
Lad eagerly engaged the attention of
navigators, whether the continents of Asia
and America were united or separated
by water, again arose. In order to ascer
tain thiB point, Peter, who entered warmly
into the question, drew up with his own
hands a set of instructions, which he delivered
to Captain Bering, who assumed the cominaud
of the projected expedition. But the first
. attempt was unsuccessful, one of the vessels
employed being disabled by the ice, and the
' other was never heard of after her departure.
It was only a few days after the departure of
Captain Jiering that the tzar died. The m
Btructions which he drew up for this expedi
.. tion were included under these three heads:
1. To construct at Kamtschatka, or other
commodious places, one or two vessels.
2. With them to examine the coasts to
the north and towards the northeast, to see
whether they were not contiguous to America
3. To see whether there was any harbor
belonging to Luropeans in those parts, and to
keep an exact journal of all that should be
discovered.
In 172S, Captain Bering started ou another
Toyage, with tw o vessels built ou the Biy of
Okutzk; one was called the Fortunata, the
other the Gabriel. They sailed on the 14th of
July, and in September arrived in the river of
Kamtschatka. From the fact that the coast of
Asia, in the most northern part of this dis
covery, trended towards the west, Captain
Jiering came to the conclusion that the conti
nents of Asia and America were certainly
separated by water. Neither in going nor
returning did he catch even a glimpse of the
American Bhore.
VVhile this expedition was in the Northern
TJJE DAILY EVENING TELEGRAPH PHILADELPHIA, MONDAY,
Peas, another was started by the Russian
Government, under the command of Colonel
Schestakow. A part of the plan was the
same with that of Captain Bering, namely, to
discover the American coast. On his arrival
at Ochotsk, he found the vessels Fortunata
and Gabriel, lately returned from the expedi
tion under Captain Bering. Placing his men
on board these vessels, he set Bail; but shortly
after leaving Ochotsk the Fortunata was
driven on shore a hopeless wreck. Schesta
kow, who escaped with one hundred and fifty
men, proceeded towards tho North by land,
but, in a skirmish with the natives, he was
killed by an arrow, and his men routed.
Three days previous to this event,
Schestakow had despatched a messenger
to one of the Russian settlements in the
South, to a Cossack officer named Krupis
chew, directing him to equip a vessel,
and sail northward along the coast of Kamts
chatka. Schestakow associated with him iu
this enterprise a Russian named Gwosdew,
and, having repaired the wreck of tho Fortu
nata, set sail. To these two men is due the
honor of first discovering the northwest coast
of America. When in latitude 05 deg. b'7 min.
north, they came upon an unknown shore
opposite to Asia, which they found inhabited,
but could hold no intercourse with the natives
for lack of an interpreter. This, therefore,
was the first sight of the continent iu the
northwest by Europeans.
The discovery, when it became known at
St. Petersburg, caused a great sensation.
Bering aud other officers engaged in
the discovery were promoted, and various
plans were formed for new expeditious. The
Academy of Sciences was consulted, and men
eminent for science were-appointed to proceed
to the New World. The persons thus chosen
were denominated La tsoc'u'U Jcs Sucuhs. Miil
ler, to whom we are indebted for much of the
infill nation in this paper, was one of the corps,
and the province undertaken by him was to
write a civil history of Siberia, to describe the
manners and customs of the inhabitants, to
search for and examine records, to describe
the antiquities, and also to write a history of
the expeditions undertaken. The members of
this expedition were long delayed alter their
arrival at Ochotsk; but at last, in September,
1740, set out in two vessels called respectively
the St. Peter aud the St. Paul, under the com
mand of Captain Bering; but owing to tho
heavy ice, thpy were obliged to winter
in Awatcka Bay, on the coast of Katuts
schatka, and it was not till June, 1741, that
they really directed their course towards the
American continent. On the 4th of the month
they were in latitude 4ii deg. N.; but not find
ing the expected land, Bering directed the
course northeast to latitude 50 deg. N., and
then east. On the 20th the ships parted com
pany. Captain Bering, iu the St. Paul,
cruised near the spot for several days, hoping
to fall in with his consort, but at length de
termined to advance alone. On the 15th of
July they caught an indistinct glimpse of the
land; on the 18th the low coast line of the
American continent showed itself before them
in latitude GO deg. N. Far inland they saw
the Fnow-cappad summit of a lofty mountain,
to which they gave tho name of Mount St.
Elias, and a projecting point of the coast they
named Cape St. Elias; another cape to the
westward they called St. llermogeues; the
bay lying between these two points has
since been called Trince William
Sound. One armed boat was sent to
examine the bay, and another to seek fresh
water. Among the islands that studded the
bay they found a secure anchorage in very
deep water. Upon the shore were discovered
a number of cabins built of smooth boards;
and in one which they entered they found
pieces of cordage, a whetstone, upon which
copper instruments had been sharpened, an
arrow, Bome articles of household furniture, a
hollow ball of baked clay, in which a stone
rattled, and which was probably a toy for
children; aud, in the cellar, some dried salmon;
but the inhabitants had all taken flight upon
their approach.
Captain Bering did not think it advisable
to enter the bay with his vessel, but, having
procured a fresh supply of water, he
proceeded up the coast, and towards the end
of August found himself among a cluster of
islands now known by the name of the Aleu
tian group. At one of these islands they were
approached by some boats filled with natives,
but they would not trust themselves on
board. During the next two months the St.
Paul cruised among these islands, the crew
suffering the most intense anguish from scurvy
and exposure, until at last, tnrougn tne ex
haustion of the crew, the vessel was stranded.
And to complete their misery, Captain Bering,
who had been for Borne time sick, having been
carried ashore, after a few days expired.
During the winter thirty out of the crew of
seventy died on the same island. The re
mainder, from the materials of the St. Paul,
constructed a frail vessel, and on the 27th of
August, after a tedious voyage, anchored in
Awatchka Bay.
We will not dwell longer on these early dis
coveries of the Russians, but step across
thirty-six years, and glance at a voyage of the
celebrated Captain Cook in these waters. In
July, 1776, he left England, having two ships
under his command, the Resolution, com
manded by himself, and the Discovery, com
manded by Captaiu Charles Clerke. In
December of this year they sailed from Society
Islands on their voyage, and on the 18th of
January, 177, discovered that since celebrated
group of islands, to which were given the
name of the Sandwich Islands; and on the 7th
of March, in latitude 44 deg. 30 mm. north,
they sighted the American continent, but soon
lost sight of it again. After being driven out
to sea by adverse winds, they again made land
in latitude 49 deg. 28 min. north, aud on the
22d entered a sound of deep, plaaid water,
where they were soon surrounded by the
boats of the natives. This sound was called
by the inhabitants Nootka Sound. The
natives were of short stature, armed with
pikes pointed with bone aud iron, and bows
and arrows. Their language was harsh and
difficult of utterance. The shore appeared to
be studded with their villages. The men were
eager to exchange their furs for the beads and
trinkets ollered them.
On the 25th of May, they left the sound and
proceeded towards "the north, to discover, if
possible, tho northwest passage. On tho 4th
of June they came in sight of Mount St. Elias,
winch they mistook lor an lslaud, no other
land being in view. This mountain is the con
tinuation of the Sierra Nevada range of Cali-
lornla, and rises to the height of more than
17,000 foet above the sea. Upon the 25th,
they found themselves surrounded by rocky
islands, which proved to be the Aleutian
Islands. From this time until September they
were coasting the shores of America, going as
jar north as luhtude 70 deg. 30 min.
Soon after this voyage of Captain Cook, the
Empress Catharine II of Russia planned an
ttxpeuiuun lor making northern discoveries,
wmcu was piac. u under the command of t-'ap
tain Joseph BUliiurs. f'nntain Uillinffs re
ceived his instructions in th mtnmn of 17S5.
and in October sit out. 'having erir,Hn his own
officers, aud been supplied with nil necessary
instruments, and with charts aud journals of
li r : . ... - - t
au lormer nay pavers nom, the year Vlii
Among the instructions which he received,
showing the liberality and sense of justice of.
the empress, were tho following: "Such
coasts and islands as you shall discover, and .
which cannot bo disputed by and are not sub-
Ject to any European power, you are, with
the consent of the inhabitants (if any), to take
possession of in the name of her imperial
majesty." And still again: "When you
bring under Russian subjection newly dis
covered and independent nations or people,
you are to observe the following directions:
As such people have most probably never
been insulted by any Europeans, your first
care must be to give them a good opinion of
the Russians." This voyage of Billings ac
complished little; but in 1790 we find him at
the Aleutian Islands, protesting, in the name
of his -Government against the iniustice and
cruelty practised against the natives by the
l romysclilenies who had su I nitrated them.
The natives were held in the most abject
slavery, and treated with the greatest bar
barity by these traders, so that it was
calculated that, in the short space of fifteen
years, in consequence of compulsory labor,
exhausting efforts in hunting, the violation
ot all rights, insurrections, and the per
petual anguish attending such evils, more
than two-thirds of the inhabitants had perished.
Captain Billings, in his protest, says: "There
is no name so dreadful to the natives as the
leader of a gang of hunters. Immediately on
their arrival they send the natives out on the
chase, and then take by force the youngest
and most handsome of the women for their
companions." The journal of another officer
says: "When two dillerent parties of hunters
meet, they sometimes fight for the possession
of the natives, and sometimes jom in one coin-
jany. the barbarity of those Bubduers to the
crown of Russia is not to be described." Cap
tain liurney writes: "Russian fur-hunters,
trained in ferocious habits of robbing and de
stroying at their pleasure and with impunity.
having the ready pretense, if pretense is ever
thought necessary, of collecting tribute for
their sovereign; men careless of justice or the
welfare of others, yet esteeming themselves
pious, and making lowly reverence at every
turn to images or to crosses; these are the men
who share the gains made by such barbarous
usurpation, while the Government of Russia,
by permitting a continuance of this progress of
depopulation, not blindly, but with the evi
dence of its iniquity in their possession,
are losers. What might palliate or be a
reasonable motive lor conquering the
Americans is wholly wanting, the posses
sion of one acre of American territory being
no way necessary to the security of the
luissian empire. Ihe plain and efficient
remedy for the evil in its present state is for
the Russian Government to restore the re
maining Aleutian Islanders and the conquered
Americans to their independence, and to admit
the subjects of Russia to have intercourse
with them in future only ou a footing of
equality and friendship."
In 1797 this evil had become so great, and
the overbearing of these free-traders so noto
rious, that the Emperor Paul of Russia inter
fered, and ordered the formation of a trading
company to be called the "Russian-American
Company," which Was to supersede all the in
dependent companies who had so long preyed
upon the inhabitants. To this company was
given the exclusive privilege ot carrying on
trade and forming settlements. Two directors
appointed to administer its atlairs were to re
side at St. Petersburg, and be responsible to
the Government and under its control.
Through the energy of this company
trade soon began to increase, until at last
the sea otter, the great object of their
trade, bad almost disappeared. The Com
pany, therefore, were compelled to extend
their settlements further south, and in 1804
they established a colony upon the Island of
Sitka. This island (or rather these throe
islands) is separated from the main-land by a
narrow channel. The coast is intersected by
many deep creeks, and the neighboring waters
thickly shielded with little rocky islands,
which are a protection against the storms, and
present a strong wall of defense against the
waves. The natives of Sitka were called by
the Russians Kalushes.
A bold, enterprising man named Baronof
was appointed superintendent of the Com
pany's establishment. He immediately set to
work to build dwelling-houses, make m
trenchments, and propitiate the inhabitants.
Having accomplished this, he left the colony,
having confided the government to a few
Russians and Aleutians. For a time things
went on swimmingly; but suddenly, the garri
son, believing itself to be in perfect safety,
was attacked and murdered, with the excep
tion of a few Aleutians, who were out in their
boats. Baronof, hearing of the disaster, re
turned with three vessels, accompanied by the
Russian man-of-war Neva, which happened to
be in those waters, and the revolters, after a
sharp conflict, were subdued. Baronof imme
diately commenced rebuilding and repairs,
and gave as a name to the town New Arch
angel, whih became the capital of the Russian
Possessions in America.
The climate of Sitka is not severe as
might be expected from its latitude. In the
middle of winter the cold is not excessive, and
never lasts long. Agriculture, however, is
not successful here. There is not, perhaps, in
the world a spot where so much rain falls; a
dry day is rare; and this itself would account
for the failure of grain. The nature of the
ground is, however, equally inimical to it.
There are no plains of any extent, the small
valleys being everywhere surrounded by high,
steep rocks of granite, and consequently over
shadowed the greater part of the day. Some
vegetables, such as cabbages, turnips, and
potatoes, grow very well; the latter are raised
even by the Kalushes, who have learned from
the Russians the manner of cultivating them,
and consider them a great delicacy. Upon
the main-land the climate under the same
latitude i3 said to be incomparably better
than on the island of Sitka, although the
cold is rather more severe. Great plains are
there to be found where wheat can be profitably
cultivated. The forests of Sitka, consisting
principally of fir and beech, are lofty and thick.
Some of the trees nre a hundred aud sixty feet
high, and from six to seven feet in diameter.
From these noble trunks the Kalushes form
their large canoes, which sometimes carry from
twenty to thirty men.
Wild and unfruitful as the country appears,
the soil is rich, bo that its indigenous plants,
of which there is no great variety, attain a
very largo growth. The sea near the coast,
and the bays, abound in fish and in mammalia;
of herring, salmon, and cod there is a super
fluity. Captain Kotzebne, from whose
journal the above is extracted, approach
ing New Archangel on the 23d of February,
writes :" The nearer we approached the
land, the milder the weather became; and we
were astonished, in so northern a country,
to see the mountains at this season of the year
entirely free from snow to a considerable
height. Throughout the winter, which, how
ever, has been peculiarly mild, the snow in
many of the valleys had never lain above i a
few hours together. Here under 57 degrees
north latitude the climate is much milder
than in European countries similarly situated."
Northern Monthly and New Jersey Magazine
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PUKCHA8ED THE
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F TUB
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TION COMPANY,
DUE IN 1897.
INTEBEMT PAY A BUB l)tABTKLT,
FBEE OF UNITED STATES AND STATE
TAXES
AND OFFER IT FOB SALE AT THE LOW
PBICE OF
NINETY-TWO,
AND
ACCRUED 1NTEBEST FKU3I AUGUST 1,
Tbla LOAM Is secured by a first mortgage on the
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structed, extending from the southern boundary of
the borough of Hanch Chunk to the Delaware lvet
at Easton, Including their bridge across the said river
now la process of construction, together with all the
Company's rlgnta, llbertless, and franchise appertain
I ng u the said Railroad and Bridge.
Copies of the mortgage may be had on application
at the office of the Company, or to either of the under
sWued. DBEXEL A CO.
E. W. CLABK A CO,
JAT COOKE A CO, g mf
W. II. KEWBOLD.KOW A AEBTSEN
S" ATIONAL
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PHILADELPHIA.
CAPITAL. . ....tl,000,00
DIRECTORS,
Kathun Utiles,
lieu). Kowlund, Jr.,
btiinuel A. Aslsphuiii,
JiUardii. Ome,
William TTrolon
Otigood Wemh,
Frederick A, Hoyt,
W U, Khawa.
WM, H. RHAWN. President,
JmU C'uue,T of the Central National Bank
JOS, P. MUMFORD Cashier,
ft 1J1 Zate of Uu Philadelphia National Sank
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HOLDING GOVERNMENT SECURITIES
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THE UNION PACIFIC RAILROAD
FIRST MORTGAGE BONDS
Which carry the name interest, viz., BIX PER CENT.
IN GOLD. The ClUereuce lu your fuvor to-day,
Auuust 14, Is as follows:
-1 -1 o-zm ui juiy we pay iiwrm uu
For hKln wo pity ('21016 ou each thousand.
For Iimiis we pay 4118 HI on each thouand.
For 7-a s. lid series, we pay i iso 01 ou eucb ttiousann.
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I SPECIAL AGEKTS OP THE COMPANY,
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ftj O T I C E
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Lean of March 1, 1833, due April 10, lfc61.
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JOHN F. II ART KAN FT,
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816fmwts30
THIRST-CLASS INVESTMENT BONDS
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ST. LOUIS CITY WATEK SIXES.
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These are twenty-year Bonds, having the revenues
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This Loan Is secured by a First Mortgage apon the
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SMITH, RANDOLPH Si CO.,
BANKERS AND BUOKEBS,
KO.iea TUIBIt THO, S MAHSAtr HTH
rHIUkJDKXJ'HI. I W TOBX
Orders for Stods and Gold executed in rhila-
ddvliia and Ntw York, 1 1
t
FINANCIAL
TE "OFFER FOR SALE
IXION PASSEXGER RAILWAY BONDS,
AT
NIHETY-ONE
And Accrued Intcicst frora Jnlj 1.
These BONDS are . FIUST-CLASS INVEST.
WENT, being secured by a EIItST MOUTUAUK on
the ltosd and F.ancbitios ol the Company, and bear
Interest at the rate of
SIX PEll CENT.
Free from nil Taxes, City, State aad
United States
For lurlberlnformatlou cal at
C T. YERKES, JR., & CO.,
88 Jm
No. 80 S. THIRD Street.
PKOPOSALS.
Ii.l KOVEMKNT OK THE DKS MOINES
KAlMLia OK Tilt; MlSsls-ill'I'I KlVEK.
TJ. b. K.NtilNEfclt'H OFF1CB, 1
DAVKNi'OKT, Iowa, July HI, Jbii7.j
Healed propoKuls, in duplicate, will lm re
ceived nt UiIn otllco until li M., WEDNESDAY.
Kept ruber 4, 18li7, for excavating the prlaiu and
coiifitiuctinc the enibnnkmeut wall of the
'""--Mil lor Hie improvement of the navigation
ol I be MlsHiHBippi river at the Dm Aioluea
ltnpldx.
The Cnnnl Is to be nbont VA (seven and one
half) milt'B Iodk, extending from NaNbville to
Keokuk, lown. The widl U at the water surface
itishle the ennui to be 'Mi (three hundred) feet
in embank meet, and 2o0 (two hundred and
fifty) icet iu excavation, and in low water to be
5 (tlve) feet deep. All tho material excavated
lrom the prism of the canitl to be used in bulld
Irig the embankment. The lmter throughout
the greater part of the distance will be about
RdO (three hundred) leet from the Iowa ahore.
here rock excavation occurn, the bottom of
the canal will bnve a Mope of li (one and one
bulf) Inches to tho mile. The embankmeut is
to be built of earth clay and rock; to be 11) (ten)
feet wide ou top, including the rip-rap cover
tug: to be 2 (two) leel above high-water mark
will slopes of 114 (one and one-half) base to i
(one) vertical. The average thlcknens of the
rip-rap protection to be l!$ (two and one-half)
feet ou the river side, 2 (two) feet on the canal
Bide, und I (oue) foot on top.
All proportions mubt state the prlceat which
each and every kind of work specified In the
piopoi-al is to be done, and no bid will be con
sidered that is not definite iu this respect.
The Government reserves the right to reject
any and all bids.
A printed copy of this advertisement must bo
attached to each proposal.
Each bid must contain a written or printed
giinran tee signed by two responsible persona.
Blanks for proposals of the form required,
with form of guarantee, will be furnished at
this ollice on application.
The price or prices in the contract will be con
sidered as including the expense of furnishing
all the materials and performing all the work,
according to the plans and specifications exhi
bited at the letting.
The entire cost of the canal Is estimated at
f'J,068,315 (two million Nlxty-elubt thousand
three hundred and forty-five). The amount ap
propriated by Congress Is JTUO.OOO (seven hun
dred thousand dollars) the contract cau only
be maue to cover this amount.
Fifteen (16) per cent, of the amount of any
work done or materials furnished, at the con
tract price thereof, will be reserved until the
whole work which is the subject of contract
shall be entirely completed.
Persons desiring limber Information can
obtain the saure by calling at this office, where
maps, plans, specifications, and form of con
tract can be consulted.
Proposals must be addressed to the under
signed, and should be endorsed "Proposals for
work on the Improvement of the Des Molnea
Bapids." J. H WILSON,
Llent.-CoI. 35th Infantry,
7 30 4w Bvf Major-Oeneral U, H. Army.
PROPOSALS FOR A NEW JAIL.
Department of the Interior, 1
Washington, D. C, July 31, 18G7.J"
Sealed proposals will be received at this De
partment until 12 o'clock M.. on TUESDAY, the
17th of Kept ember, 1KU7, for the erection of the
Jail in and for tho District or Columbia, autho
rized and provided for by the act of Congress,
approved July 25, 1806. and the Joint resolution,
approved March 2, 1807.
The designs, detail, drawings, and specifica
tions can be seen at the architect's otlice, la
the eastern grounds ol the Capitol, Washington
city, every day, except Sundays, between the
hours of 9 A. M. and 8 P. M.
Separate bids will be received for the ma
sonry work, brick work, Iron work, and car
pentry work.
The contractor whose bid may be accepted
will be required to enter into a sufficient bond,
to be approved by the Secretary of the Interior,
for the faithful completion of his contract.
Payments will be made as the work progresses,
on estimates certified to by the architect; but
twenty pet centum of the estimates will be
retained until the contract is completed.
The contract will be awarded to the lowest
responsible bidder, but the Department re
serves the right to reject any or all ot the bids
should it be deemed for the Interest of the
Government to do so.
The bids will be opened at noon on the 18th
day of September next, in presence of such of
the bidders as may choose to attend.
Proposals should be endorsed on the envelope
'Proposals for New Jail." and be directed to
the Secretary of the Interior, Washington,
O. H. BROWNING,'
9 17 Secretary of the Interior
WANTS.
ANTED,
AGENTS IN EVERT CITT AND TOWN
IN ' T
Pennsylvania and Southern New Jersey
PCR TBK
BROOKLYN
LIFE INSUBAKCECOMPANU
OF NEW YORK
Aliio, a few goort SOLICITOE8 for Philadelphia.
Call or address
E. B. COLTON,
GU.NKRAL AGENT,
1Q. 87 'llr.HNITT NTBEGT,
JOOK AGENTS IN LUCK AT LAST.
The rrlHls Is pampd. The honr has come to lift tin
veh ol sei reg, hleh has hitherto euveloued iheimier
"HISTORY OF THE SECRET SERVICE."
For thrilling Interest this book traimcends all the
reins , ice ol a iliouhUiHvea, , d conclusively uravet
that "truth is mruuer thuu action "
AKeiiis re cleanup from iiiu to .)0 per month,
it hu h we can M ove to any uonl.tiilg apulicaut, A
I. AItltrTT A ro
-L-1! PHILAIU'JLPUIA.
"IXAM'LL-KOU TUB U. b. MARINE
,Zh.u!t '' l'e-bodlea M KN. rteernltfl must be
5 f,"i?.. . r ,,...l1'UK' U"'a'ned men. Tuey will be
h ior wl?.V''? liVver"u,,,"t Navy-yanls ana iu
h!X!i ap,"y 1o'""'u r 'urih.ii into
J AM KB IWM,
llah ,, Captain and Keeruiting otn. er,
jjjrnw tf iso, an a fKOKTHnmt
Ji.r T1IK BKST-THK HOLY 1SIHMC-H ARD
In 8 hultloiiM Family, Pulpit and F..oWl Binle
ii tcunt!hjl (styles f Turkey fcloroeoo and antltiue
lilntliiiKS. A nttw edition, arranged tot photographiO
put r alia of fkuilllwi.
W M. W. TTAKnlNO. iul,l!-hnr,
I Wo. Ufl CiiKfoN H' bum- too JfVurUl