THE FOUR GEORGES.
We commence the publication to-day of the
Inimitable hectares of the late William Make
wace Thackeray on the "Four Georgos
Some of our readers may remember when they
were delivered in our city by the author. They
, were then received with unbounded popularity,
and although familiar to the English public,
Lave not, until very recently, been published
in .America. Carrying u3 as they do back to
the time when England had kings, when the
Dutch line of succession first began, and the
people of Great Britain cared rather for a
great than a patriotio king, they are both
amusing and instructive. The Instruction is
conveyed with all that genial pleasantry so
characteristic of the author, who, though
tnournei for as dead, yet speaks to ua
through the telling sentences of his works.
We shall continue the publication until the
four lectures are completed. In the summer
days we know of no other reading which is as
light and as valuable as the serio-comio
papers on the rival heirs of the House of
llrunswick. These lectures are published iu
full in the uniform edition of Thackeray's
works, issued by Harper & Brothers, and for
sale by J. B. Lippincott & Co. of this city.
GEORGE TIIE FIRST.
A very few years since 1 knew familiarly a
lady who had been asked in murrlage bv Horace
Walpolc; wbo had been patted on the head by
tieorpe I. Tills larty had knocked at Johnson's
door; had been intimate witu t'ox, the beautiful
Georciaija of Devouhhire, and that brilliant
Whig society 01 the relan of George III; had
known the lmcheBs of Quecneberry, the patro
ness of Gay and Piior, the admired youiifr
beauty of the court of Queen Anne. I often
thought, as I took my old frtend's band, ho
with it 1 held on to
men of the world,
upvpn score vears
the old society of wits and
I conid travel back for
of time have glimpses of
Chesterfield, and the men
Jsrummell, Selwyu,
of pleasure: of Walpole and Conway; of Johnson,
lievnolds. Goldsmith; ot North. Chatham w.
castle; of the lair maid? of fc&hor of Georee I Pa
court; of the German retainers of George I's;
where Addie on was Secretary of 8tate; where
Pick Steele held a place; whither the great
Marlborough came with his fiery spouse; when
l'ope, and Switt, and Bolicgbroke yet lived and
wrote. Of a society so vast, busy, brilliant, it
is Impossible in four brief chapters to give a
complete notion; but we may peep here and
there into that byeone world of the Georges,
pee w hat tbey and their courts were like; glance
at the people round tliem; look at past manners,
laihlons, pleasures, and contract them witu our
own. I have to say thus much by way of pre
face, becau-e the subject of these lectures has
been misunderstood, aud I have been taken to
task for not having given grave historical trea
tise,wiiich it never was my intention to attempt.
Not about battles, about politics, about states
men and measures of state, did I ever think to
lecture you: but to i-ketch the manners and life
ot the Old World; to amuse for a lew honrs with
talk about the old society; and with the result
of many a day's and night's pleasant reading, to
try and while away a few winter evenings for
jay hearers.
Among the Gorman princes who sat under
Luther at Wittenberg w as Duke Ernest of Cello.
whose younser son, William ef Lunebere. was
the
progenitor of the illustrious Hanover'nn
house
miiP ie- ? In Great Erifain.
ue William iXt r,
. . vcuc, i nine
t?"S Vi ten thousand people that lies on the
TaYlway line between Hamburg and Hanover,
in the midst of great plains of sand, upon the
river Alier. When Duke William bad it, it was
very humble wood-built place, with a great
brick church, which he sedulously frequented,
and in which he and others of his house lie
bnrled. He was a very religious lord, and
called William the Pious oy his small circle of
subjects, over whom he ruled, till fate deprived
him both of sight aud reason. Sometimes in
his latter days, the good Duke had glimpses of
mental light, when he would bid his musicians
play the psalm tunes which he loved. One
thinks of a descendant of his, two hundred years
afterwards, blind, old, and lost of wits, sincins:
llandel in Windsor Tower.
William the Pious had fifteen children, eight
daughters and seven sons, who, as the property
left among them was small, drew lots to deter
mine which one of them should marry and con
tinue the stout race of the Gaelphs. The lot fell
on Duke George, the sixth brother. The others
remained single, or contracted lefthanded mar
riages after the princely fashion of those days.
It is a queer picture that of the old prince
dying in his wood-built capital, and his seven
sons tossing up which should inherit and trans
mit the crown of Breutford. Duke George, the
lucky prizeman, made the tour of Europe,
during which he' visited the court of Queen
Elizabeth; and in the year 1617 came back and
settled at Zell, with a wife out of Darmstadt.
Ills remaining brothers all kept their house at
Zell, for economy's sake. And, presently, in
due course, they all died all the honest dukes;
Ernest, and Augustus, and Magnus, and George,
and John and they are buried in the brick
church of Brentford yonder, by the sandy banks
of the Aller.
Dr. Vehse gives a pleasant plimpse of the
way of life ot our Dukes In Zell. "When the
trumpeter on the tower has blown," Duke Chris
tian orders Tiz., at 9 o'clock in the momma:
and i in the evening, every one must be present
at meals, and those who are not must go with
out. None of the servants, unless it be a knave,
shall eat or drink in the kitchen or cellar; or,
without special leave, fodder his horse at the
prince's cost. When the meal is served in the
court-room, a page shall go round and bid oue be
quiet and orderly, forbidding all oursiug, swear
ing, and rudeness; all throwing about ot bread,
Ixines, or roast, or pocketing of the same.
Every morning at 7, the squires shall have their
morning soup, and along with which, and din
ner, they shall be served with their under-drink
very morning except Friday morning, when
there was no sermon and no drink. Every
evening they shall have their beer, ann at niirht
their sleep-dank. The butler is especially
warned not to allow a noble or simple to coin
the cellar: wine shall only be served at the
prince's or councillor's table; and everv Mondav
the honest old Duke Christian ordaini the ac
counts shall be ready, and the expenses in the
kitchen, the wine and beer cellar, the bakehouse
and stable, made out
Duke George, the marrylneduVe, did not stoD
at home to partake of the beer aud wine and
the sermons. He went about nghting wherever
there was profit to be had. He served as eeue
ral In the army of the circle of Lower Saxony
the Protestant army; then he went over to the
Emperor and fought in bis armies in Germany
and Italy; and when Gubtavus Adolphus ap
peared in Germany, Ge.rce took service as a
Swedish General, and seized the Abbey of Hii.
deshelm as his share of the plunder. Here, in
the year 1C41, Duke George died, leaving four
, aons behind him, from the youngest of whom
descended our royal Georges.
Under these chilflren of Duke George, the
old, God fearing, simple ways or Zell appear to
have gone out of mode. The second brother
was constantly visiting Venice, and leading a
lolly, wicked life there. It was the most jovial
of all places at the end of the seventeenth cen
tury; and military men, after a campaign , rushed
thither as the warriors of the Allies rushed to
Paris in 18U, to gamble and rejoice, and par
take of all sorts of godless delights. This prince,
then loving Venice aud it pleasures, brought
Italian singers and dancers back with him to
nniet old Zell, and worse still, demeaned him
self by marrving a French ladvof birth quite
inferior to his own Eleanor d'Olbreuse, from
whom our Queen is descended. Eleanor had a
crettv daughter, who Inherited a great fortune,
which intTaraed her cousin, George Louis ol
Hanover, with a desire to marry her; and so.
with her beauty and her riches, she came to a
"lt'u'toolong to tell how the four sons of
Duke Georee divided his territories among
tit", aud W, finally, they caine in posses
TIIE DAILY
sion or trie son or the youngest of the four. In
this generation the Protestant faith was very
v T "tMignished In the famllyj and then
where should we tn England have gone for a
f ,rifr" The third brother also took fldlght In
Italy, where the priests converted him and his
Protestant chaplmn too. Alas was said in
Hanover once morei and Iuhan soprani piped
their Latin rhymes in place of the hymns which
William the Pious and Dr. Luther sang. Louis
XIV gave this and other converts a splendid
pension. Crowds ot Frenchmen and brilllaut
French fashions came Into his court. It is in
calculable how much that royal bigfile cost
Germany. Every prince imitated the FroTieh
Klne, and had his Versailles, his Wilhclmshoho
or Ludwigsluft; his court and its splendors; his
gardens laid out with stataes: his fountains.
and waterworks. And Tritons; hlq r! nra and
aRnrers, ana singers, ami hauler; his harem,
with its inhabitants: his dinmnnrt
ior these latter; his enormous fe'tivltics, his
earning taoies, tournaments, ma-'querades. and
banquets lasting a week long, lor which the
people paid with their monpv ih
wretches had it, with their body and very blood
when they bad none; being sold by thousands
by their lords and masters, who gayly dealt In
Soldiers, Staked a TPfrimcnt iinnn thn rpri t fhn
gamMiDg table, swapped a battalion against a
dancing girl's diamond necklace, and, as it
were, pocketed their people.
As hup iews Eurooa v.
books of travel in tho 'early part ol the lust cen
tury, the lnnriacunp is awlul: wretched wastes.
beggarly and plundered; half burned cottages,
and trembling peasants gathering piteous har
vests; gangs of such tramping along wilh bayo
nets behind them, and corporals with canes and
cat-o'-nine-tails to flog them to barracks. Bv
these passes my lord's gilt carriage, floundering
through tho ruts as he swears at the postilions,
and toils on to the Keeldenz. hard by, but
away from the noise aod brawling of the citi
zens and buyers, is Wilhclmslu9t. or Ludwigs-
ruhe, or Monbijon, or Versailles it scarcely
matters which near to the city, shut out by
woods from the beggared countrythe enormous,
hideous, gilded, monstrous marble palace,
where the prince Is, and the court, and the trim
gardens, and huge fountains, and the forest
where the ragged peasants are beating the game
in (it is death to touch a featheri: and the inllv
hunt sweeps bv with its uniiorm of crimson and
gold: and the prince gallops ahead puffing his
loyal horn; and bis lords and mistresses ride
nfter him; and the stag ts pulled down; and the
huntsman gives the Knife in the midst of a -chorus
of bugles, and in time thecourt go home
to dinner; and our noble traveller it may be
tho Baron ot Polhiitz or the Count de Konigs
mark, or the excellent Chevalier de Seingalt
sees the proeessiou gleaming through the trim
avenues of the wood, and hastens to the inn,
and sends his noble name to the marshal of the
court. Tuen our noble arrays himself in green
and gold, or pink and Bilver, in the richest
Paris mode, aud is introduced by the Chamber
lain, aud makes bis bow to the jolly prince and
the gracious princess; is picsented to the chic!
lord? and ladies; und then comes supper, and a
bank at faro, where he loses or wins a thousand
pieces by daylicht. If it is a German court, you
may add not a little drunkenness to this picture
of high lile; but German, or French, or Spanish,
if jou see out ot your palace windows beyond
the trim-cut fore.t vistas, misery is lying out
side; hunger is stalking about (be bare villages,
listlessly toilowhiff precarious husbandry, plow
ing stony fields with starved cattle, or tearfully
taking in scanty harvests. Augustus is fat and
jolly on his irone; he can knock down an ox,
and cat t,ne almost; his mistress, Aurora von
houiaicK, is me lovenesi, tue wittiest crea-
, - , io uinuivuus MD LIUCPV HUU lUUSb
brilliant in the world, and his feasts as splendid
-. : iiiN iiiHiiMiiitm HrR inp nirrcraur oni mat-
nsiuuce oi veisames. as lor xouis tue Great,
he is more than mortal. Lift up your glances
respectfully, and mark him eyeing Madame de
FontaDges, or Madame de Montespan from under
his sublime periwig, as he passes through the
great gallery where Villars and Vendome, and
erwlck, and Bossuet, and Ma6sillon are waiting.
Can court be more splendid ? nobles and knights
more gallant and superb? ladies more lovely?
A grander monarch, or a more miserable, starved
wretch than the peasant his subject you can
not look on. Let us bear both of these types in
mind, it we wish to estimate the old society
properlv. Remember the glory and the chivalry?
Yesl Remember the grace and beauty, the
splendor and lofty politeness; the gallant cour
tesy of Foutenoy, where the French line bids
the gentlemen of the English guard to fire first;
the noble constancy ot the old King, and Villars,
his genera), who tits out the last army with the
last crown piece from the treasury, and goes to
meet the enemy and die or conquer for France
at Denain. But round all that royal splendor
lies a nation enslaved and ruined; there are
people robbed of their rights; communities laid
waste; lailh, justice, commerce trampled upon,
Bna well nigh destroyed; nay, In the very centre
of royalty itself, what horrible stains and mean
ness, crime and shame 1 It is but to a silly
hailot that some of the noblest gentlemen and
some of the proudest women in the world are
bowing down; it is the price of a miserable pro
vince that the King ties in diamonds round his
mistress1 white neck. In the first half of the
laet century, I say, this is going on all Europe
over. Saxony is a waste as well as Picardy or
Artois, and Versailles is only larger aud not
worse than Herrenbausen.
It was the first Elector of Hanover who made
the fortunate match which bestowed the race of
Hanoverian sovereigns upon us Britons. Nine
years after Charles Stuart lost his head, his
niece Sophia, one of many children of another
luckless, dethroned eovereicn, the Elector
r-alaiine, married Ernest Augustus ot Berwick,
and brought the reversion to the crown of the
three kingdoms in her scanty trousseau. One
of the handsomest, the most cheerful, sensible,
shrewd, accomplished ol women was Sophia,
daughter of poor Frederick, the wiuter King of
Bohemia. The other daughters of lovely, un
happy Elizabeth Stuart went oil into the Catholic
Church; this one, luckily lor her family, re
mained, I cannot say faithful, to the Reformed
religion, but, at least, she adopted no other.
An agent ct the French King's, Gourville, a
convert himself, strove to bring her and her
husband to a sene ol the truth, aDd tells us
that he one day asked Madame the Duchess of
Hanover of what religion her daughter was,
theuapieity pirl of thirteen years old. The
Duchess replied that the princess was of no re
ligion an yet. They were waiting to know of
what religion her husband would be, Protestant
or Catholic, be.'ore Instructing her I And the
Duke of Hanover, having heard of Gourville s
proposal, taid that a change would be advan
tageous to his house, but that he himself was
too old to cbauge.
This shrewd woman had such keen eyes that
she knew how to shut them upon occasion, and
was blind to many faults which It appeared her
husband, the Bishop of Osnaburg and Duke of
Hanover, committed. He loved to take his
pleasure like other sovereigns was a merry
prince, fond of Oinuer and th bottle; liked to
go to Italy, as his brothers bait done before
him: and we read how bo jovially sold 6700 of
his Hanoverians to the seigniory of Veuice.
They went Dravely off to the Morea, under com
mand of Ernest's son, Prince Max, ana only
1400 of them ever came home Bgain. The Ger
man princes sold a good deal ot this kind of
stock. Vou remember how George Ill's Gov
erunient purchased Hessians, and the use we
made of them during the War of Independence.
ibe ducats Duke Ernest got for bis soldiers
ne spmt in a series of the most brilliant enter
I.me,,.,f Nevertheless, the jovial prince was
'?m'CK'' an(1 kePt steady eye upon his
SuU iCKr('u-w 110 achieved the electoral dig
rtLZ he married bis eldest son.
Sfi M' dutiful cousin of Zell; and
nht 5fti"4S???1outltt command of armies to
5?. Tk?nV hfhU flde' D0W on that-he lived
on, taking hU pleasure, and scheming his
schemes, a merry, wise prince enough notT I
fear, a moral prince, of which kind we shall
-fcteuVreersVeW SPeCltt'e- the' bourse of
Ernest Augustus had seven children in all
some of whom were "apSce.
against the parental sytem of DroinoipmtuM
and non-division of property whlchThe E?S
ordained. "Gustchen," the electress writes
about her second son "poor Gm Ms thrA rft
and Lis lather will gW mm no ftrl
laugh io the day, and cry all nk-ht about it for,
1 am a looi with my children." lur! of tie' sU1
EVENING TEIgiranADELrilU, TUESDAY,
dled figMIng against the Turks, Tartar., French
mfn linn At ihnJ. - '
. "i'""" """iuMinrn1 Tartar, French
ai?Ltbc,L cou,Prel. revolted, fled to
on wrhi;.2,h,dauKMpr. whoso early edu-
Koro
was
H.T,"T"'fl:. mention, was married to
settle,! finally on ttJA'n i0Q
nirl,K KlcctreM Sophia, who had been
Ev2fc religion and marry the
. " ' u u uroiiior of the French KIom
w h!f oncst benrtwas always with
5"fr?n.?.nt dear old Deuetchland. though
' " oooj WM. connne(1 Bt pri9 or
Marly, or Vcrsailles-hR, eft ln her enor
mows correspondence (part of which has been
printed in German and French), recollections
of the Elcclrcss, and of George her son. Eliza-
dcid narioue was at Osnaburg when George
was porn t,ibiuj. tine narrowly escaped a whip
ping for being in the way on that auspicious
uhj. piuk ri-cuiB uut io nave iikcu utile ueorge,
nor George grown up; and represented him as
diou6ly hard, cold, and silent. Silent he may
have been: not a jolly prince, like his father
before him; but a prudent, quiet, selfish poten
tate, going his own way, managing bis own
affairs, end understanding his own interests
remarkably well.
Iu his father's lifetime, and at tho head of the
Hanover forces of fcOOO or 10,000 men, George
served the Emperor on the Danube, against
Turks, at the siege of Vienna, in Italy, and on
the Rhine. When he succeeded to the electo
rate ne handled his affairs with great prudenco
and dexterity. He was very much iiked by his
people of Hanover. He did: not show Ills feel
ings mucn, nut ne cried heartily on leaving
them, as they used for joy when he came back.
He showed an uncommon prudence andcool-
ncss ot Dehavior when he came into bis king-
uom; exnioiting no elation; reasonably doubttal
whether he should not be turned out some day;
looking upon himself only as a lodger, and
uinniiiM, mc inosi oi nis unci tenure at St. James'
and Hampton Court; plundering, it is true,
somewhat, and dividing among his German lol-
juweis; oui wnat couiu De expected of a sove
reign who at home could sell his cubjects at so
many ducats per head, and made no scruple in
sodisposing to them? I fancy a considerable
shrewdness, prudence, and even moderation in
his ways. The German Protestant was acheaper,
and better, and kinder Kin? than thn Pathoii
Stuart in whose chair he sat, aud so far loyal
lur-uRinuuinai ne let England govern herself.
HaVillg these lertnrna In ninm T moHo If m r.
business tO V Bit that uolv prnrllo In wMph nn.
Georges were nursed. The old town of Hanover
111 UP l lOOK Still PrettV Tniirh in tho mo nrhon
Georee Louis lelt it. The gardens and pavilions
of Herrenhansen are scarce changed since the
day when the stout old Electress Sophia fell
down in her last walk there, preceding but a few
weeks to the tomb James li s daughter, whose
death made way lor the Brunswick Stuarts in
England.
The IwO first rOTftl finnfWH anrl fhnir fotlior
Ernest Augustus, had ouite roval notions re
garding marriage; and Louis XIV and Charles
II scarce distinguished themselves more at Ver.
saillcs or St. James than these German Sultans
in their little city on the banks of the Lcine.
Yon may see at Herrenhansen thevprv nmiif.
theatre in which the Platens danced and per
formed masques, and sang before the Elector
and his tons. There are the very fauns and
dryads of stone still glimmering through the
branches, still grinning and piping their ditties
of no tone, as in the days when painted nymphs
hung garlands round them; appearing under
their Italy arcades with, gilt crooks, guiding
rams. Witt gilt horns; descended from "ma
chines' in the guise ot Diana or Minerva, and
delivered Immense allegorical compliments to
the princes returned home from the campaign.
That was a curious state of morals and politics
in Europe; a queer consequence of the triumph
of the monarchical principle. Feudalism was
beaten down. Tho nobility, in its quarrels with
the crown, had pretty well succumbed, and the
monarch was all in all. He became almost
divine: the proudest and most ancient gentry
of the land did menial service for him. Who
should carry Louis XIV's candle when he went
to bed ? what prince of the olood should hold
the King's shirt when his most Christian Majesty
changed that garment? the French memoirs
oi the seventeenth century are full of such
details and squabbles. The tradition is not yet
extinct in Europe. Any of you who were pre
sent, as myriads were, at that splendid pageant,
the opening ot our Crystal Palace in London,
must have seen two noble lords, great officers of
the household, with ancient pedigrees, with
embroidered coats, and stars on their breasts,
and wands in their hands, walking backwards
for near the space of a mile, while the royal
procession made its progress. Shall we wonder
snau we De angry snail we laugh at these Old
World ceremonies? View them as you will,
according to your mood; and with scorn or with
respect, or with anger and sorrow, as your tem
per leads you. Up goes Ciesler's hat upon the
Eole. Salute that symbol of sovereignty with
cartfelt awe, or with a sulky shrug of acqui
escence, or wnn a grinning ooeisance; or with
a stout rebellious Nol clap your own,beavcr
down on your pate, and refuse to doff it to that
spangled velvet and flaunting feather. I make
no comment upon the spectator's behavior; all
I say is that Gesler's cap is still up in the mar
ket place of Europe, and not a few folks are
still kneeling to it. .
Put clumsy, high Dutch statues in place of
the marbles of Versailes; fancy Herrenhausen
waterworks in the place of those of Bfarly;
spread the tables with Schweinskopf, Speck
suppe, Leber kuchen, and the like delicacies,
in place ot the French cuuine; and fancy Frau
von Klelmansepge dancing with Count Kam
menunker Quirinl, or singing French songs
with the most awful German accent; imagine a
coarse Versailles, aud we have a Hanover
before us. "I am now got into the region of
fButy.'1,wrte8 Mar Wortley.from Hauover, in
171b; all the women have literally rosy cheeks,
snowy loreheads and necks, jet eyebrows, to
which may be generally added coal black hair,
.these per ectious never leave them to the day
ot v ir Wth, and have a very line effect by
candle light; but I could wish they were hand
some with a little variety. They rescmole one
another as Mrs. SlmnnMiri n Qf uriiuin
and aie in as much danger of melting away by
too nearly approaching the fire." The sly Mary
Wortley saw this painted seraglio of the first
i.eorge at Hanover the year alter his accession
to the British throne. There were great doings
and feasts there. Here Lady Mary saw George
fr i .0, v can te" J00' without flattery or par
tinlity," she says, "that our young prince has all
accomplishmenta that is posnlbla to have at his
age, with an air of sprightlines and under
standing, and a something so very engaging in
his behavior that needs not the advantage of his
rank to appear cbarmiug.B I find elsewhere
similar panegyrics upon Frederick, Prince of
Wales, George IPs son: and upon George III,
or course, and upon George IV in an eminent
degree. It was the rule to be dazzled by princes,
and people's eyes winked quite honestly at that
royal radiance.
1'he electoral court at Hanover was numerous
pretty well paid, as times went; above all,
paid with a regularity which few other European
courts could boast of. Perhaps you will be
amused to know how the electoral court was
com posed. There were the princes of the house
in the firBt class; the second, the single field
marshal of the army (the contingent was 18,000,
Pollnitz says, and the Elector had other 14,000
In.P,n JP'ty Then follow, in due order,
if uort'(i civil and military, the working
EfhX1"101'' the a'1 chamberlain, high
fit moil, the c?urt' hia masters of the horse,
h. !"pinera8 of cavalry and infantry, in
the fourth class, down to the majors, the hof-
h t,rJ1'geiIhe secretaries or assessors, of
w e'i?' of whom were noble.
ih'w v? P",he all chamberlain 2000-a
n ul I 1 Rbout three shillings ot our money.
;e7two c!"nrjerlain8, and one forth
princess; five gentlemen ofthe chamber; and five
gentlemen ushers; eleven paes and personals
to educate these young noblemen-such a a
governor, a preceptor, a fecht-meibter, or fencing
master, and a dancing ditto, this latter with a
handsome salary of 400 thalers. There were
l, tnltI ftnd court PhJslclans, with 800 aud
600thalei85aeourt barber, 600 tnalers; a court
orranist, two muslkanteu, four French fiddlers,
twelve trumpeters, and a bugler; so that there
was, plenty of music, profane aud pious, in
Hanover, There wtre ten chamber waiters,
,n2 W n,7:l. r "very; maitre d'hot. l
"l1 n tl . tUe,k'tchen; a French conk
abodyc.-'okjW cooks; M cook awst ants
two brateri Afeis, r mnsrers of tho roa-t
(one fancies enormous pi,8 turning slowly,
ItS 0net ' ? ,,ie roB,t bcladling tho
2rlPi?in?i' rT ker; a j ie baker; aud,
finally, three scullions, at the modest remunol
Jnlr.nw., J?Ven tn)- n the sugar chamber
Sn .KlorP''trJ c ,,oks (for the la lies, n3
doubt); seven ollicets In ti wine and beer eel-
he ?rrnl ...w"8 Wcro Bl h.'drcd horses m
If 7J ? i eUbl7,-'o less than twenty teams
of princely carriage hordes, eight to a team,
niLn Bc.Dmp?;ourteen potion "i nineteen
ostlers; thirteen helps, beside, srnlthW. carriage
master,., horse doctors, and other attendants of
.mi"We female .ttendants were no o
numerous: 1 grieve to find but a dozen or four
teen of them about the electoral premise, ana
only two washerwomen for all tD Tcourt These
functionaries had not so much to do aV in th
present age. I own to find a pleasure in these
small beer chronicles. I like to people the Old
World wiih itsevery-day figures and inhabitants
-not so much with heroes fighting immense
battles and inspiring repulsed battalions to en
gage, or statesmen locked op in darkling cabi
nets and meditating pondcrouslaws ordire con
spiracles, as w ith people occupied with their
every-day work of pleasure my lord and lady
hunting in tho forest, or dancing in the court
or bowing to their serene highnesses as they
pass in to dinner; John Cook and his proces
sion bringing the meal from the kitchen; the
lolly butlers Dearing la the flagons from the
cellar; the stout coachman driving the ponde
rous gilt wagon, with eight cream colored
horses in housings of scarlet velvet and morocco
leather; a postilion on the leaders, and a piir,
or hnll-a-dozcn of running footmen scudrtinsr
along by the side of ih vehicle, with conical
cans, long silver-headed maces, which they
poised as they ran, and spleudld jackets laced
all over with silver and gold, I fancy the citi
zens' wives and their daughters looking out
from the balconies; and the burghers, over
their beer and mum, rising up, cap m hand, as
the cavalcade passes through the toyn with
torch-bearers, trumpeters blowing their lusty
cheeks out, and squadrons of jack-booted life
guardsmen, girt with shining cuirasses, and
bestriding thundering chargers, escorting hU
highness' coach from Hanover to nerrenhausen;
or halting, mayhap, at Madame Platen's country
house ot Monplaisir, which lies hall way be
tween the summer palace and the Residenz.
In the good old times ot which I am treat
ing, while common men were driven off by
herds, and sold to fight the Emperor's enemies
on the Danube, or to bayonet King Louis' troops
ol common men on the Rhine, noblemen passed
from court to court, seekii g service with one
pnace or the other, and naturally taking com
mand ofthe Ignoble vulgar soldiery which bat
tied and died almost without hope of promotion.
Noble adventurers travelled from court to court
in search of employment; not merely noble
males, but noble lemales too; and if these latter
were beauties, and obtained the favorable1 notice
of princes, they stopped in the courts, became
the favorites of their serene orroyal highnesses,
and received great sums of money and splendid
diamonds, and were promoted to be duchesses,
marchionesses, and the like, and did not fall
much in public esteem lor the manner In which
they won their advancement. In this way
Mademoiselle do Querouallles, a beautiful
French lady, came to London on a special mis
sion of Louis XIV, and was adopted by our
grateful country and sovereign, and figured
as Duchess of Portsmouth, In this way the
beautiful Aurora of Konigsmarck, travelling
about, found favor in the eyes of Augustus of
Baxony, and became the mother of Marshal
Sflxe, who gave us a beating at FonteDoy; and
in this manner the lovely sisters Elizabeth and
Meluslna of Melsaenhne.h (whn had oiinoii
been driven out of Paris, whither thev had
travelled on a like errand, by the wise Jealousy
nf t.hp fpmftln fuvnritp thoro In nstaonaBtst, ...
neyed to Hanover, and became favorites ot the
serene house there reigning. CaIS
Ho be continued in our next Issue.
LUMBER.
1 RfV7 -SELECT WHITE PINE BOARDS
CHOICE PANKL AUD 1st COMMON, is feetlonc
4-4, 8-4. S-4. 2. tX, 8. nd4 Inch
WHITE PINK. PANKL PATTERN PLANK.
IAltOE AND bUPEKlOR BX'OCK ON HAND,
-IGArr-BTJILDING!
BUILDING
J I . UUILD1NO!
iUMUEKI LUMBER) LUMBER!
4-4 CAROLINA FLOORING.
6-4 CAROLINA FLOORING.
4-4 DELAWARE FLOORING.
6-4 DELAWARE FLOORING.
WHITE PINE FLOORING.
ASH FLOORINO.
WALNUT FLOORING.
bPKUCJffi FLOORING.
ISTEP BOARDS.
RAIL PLANK.
PLAKTERING LATH.
i QW7 CEDAR
AND CYPRESS
fcHINOLEH.
LONG CEDAR HfllNGLEH.
bHORT CEDAR BHWSGLEeJ.
COOPER BITINGLEH.
FINE ASSORTMENT FOR HALE LOW.
NO. 1 CEDAR LOGS AND POSTS.
18b7
LUMBER FOR UNDEBTAKER3 t
LUMBER FOR L'NDERTAKKRs I
RED CEDAR, WALNUT, AND PINE.
1 CAT ALBANY LUMBER OF ALL KINDi
lOU I ALBANY LUMBER OF ALL K.LNDS,
SEASONED WALNUT.
DRY POPLAR, CHERRY, AND ASH,
OAK PLANK AND BOARDS.
MAHOGANY,
ROSEWOOD, AND WALNUT VENEERS.
1 QfcV CIGAR-BOX MANUFACTURERS.
lOU I CIGAR-BOX MANUFACTURERS.
SrANIBlI CEDAR BOX BOARDS.
1 Qt7 SPRUCE JOISTI SPRUCE JOIST I
lOU I SPRUCE JOIST!
i iwa 14 to S2 jfjKiurr long.
SUPERIOR NORWAY SCANTLING.
MAULE, BROTHER A CO.,
S 1 rpj No. tS, SOUTH STREET.
u,
m S. BUILDERS' MILL,
Auk. 84, SO, AND SS S. FIFTEENTH ST.,
ESLER & BItO., Proprietors.
ways on band, made ofthe Best Seasoned Lumber,
at low prlots.
WOOD MOULDINGS, BRACKETS, BALUSTERS
AND NEWELS.
Newell, Balusters, Bracket and Wood Mouldings.
WOOD MOULDINGS. BRACKETS, BALUSTERS,
AND NEWELS.
Walnut and Ash Hand Railing, 8, 3X. and 4 Inches.
BUTTERNUT. CHKSNUT, aud WALNU1
MOULDING lo order. S 12
c.
PERKINS,
LUMBER MERCHANT.
6uceeKorto U Clark. Jr.,
NO. 324 CHRISTIAN BTKEET.
Constantly ou band a Uuge aud varied assortment
of Building Lumber. tL.
m wm ' s) I sf B-" m
f U.Y.L K H m L ll
4.PR0PERTY AT PRIVATE SALE
JfoElTKIN&CO.
AWHIieSi WAUOH COVEBS, BAS, ETC.
H yon want an extra Awning nty cheap, lei our
aw mug makers lake toe measure, aud make It from
alt'tor KXiO bosplUtl lenu, lately purchased by us,
many ot wblch are entirely new. and ot ibe best la
ouuoe duck. Also. Government Saddles and Uarueas
of sll klmm.eic PlTKIiv A CO.,
Illm N OS. R87 and (88 Nonb FRONT Street.
pATENT WIRE WORK
FOB RAILINGS, STORE FRONTS,'
G U A RDS. PA RTITIONS, ETi
COAL BCREENS, FOURDRINIEU WIRES, Klf
Manufactured by
I. WALKER WOKS,
It? 8m No. 11 N. SIXTH Street
WILLIAM S. G R AN T
COM MISSION MERCHANT,
NO. it B. DELAWARE Aveuue, PbuadelpbU,
MINT rOB
Pqpout's Gunpowder. Ktnued Nitre, Charcoal, Etc.
W. Baker A Co.'s Cbuoulate, Cocoa, aud Broiua.
Crocker Bros. A CO.' Yellow Metal Ultealblni;,
Bull, and Nail. 141
JULY 1G, 1867.
FINANCIAL
OTICE
TO THE HOLDERS
CP TBI
LOAM CF THE COMMONWEALTH
Oi7 PENNSYLVANIA
CK AFTF.B JPI.T J, X836, AM BEFORE
JCW S, 1800.'
Holders of the following LOANS OF THE
COMMONWEALTH OP PENNSYLVANIA
are requested to present them for payment
(Principal and Interest) at
Till Farratri' and SJachanlcV Natlamal
Dank of Philadelphia,
Loan of March SO, 1830, due March i, 1858.
" February 16, 1833, due July 1, 1858.
" March 27, 1833, due July 1, 1858.
" January 26. 1830, due July 1, 1859.
" June 7, 1839, due August 1, 1859.
" March 80, 1832, due July 1, 1800.
April 6, 1832, due July 1, 1800.
Also, all BANK CHARTER LOANS due
prior to July 2, 1800.
All of the above LOANS will cease to (JlRW
Interest after August 15, 1867.
john w. heart,
governor.
John f. iiabtbanft,
auditor-general.
WILLIAM II. KEKfBLE,
6 15 Stuth U 15 STATE TREASURER,
UAttItfSBURG, JUNE 29, 1867.
TO THE HOLDERS
OT TUB
LOANS
or TBI
COMMONWEALTH OF PENNSYLVANIA
DUE JULY 1, 1868.
THE COMMISSIONERS OF THE SINKING
FUND WILL RECEIVE PROPOSALS UNTIL
SEPTEMBER 3, 1807, FOR THE REDEMP.
TION OF
ONE MILLION OF DOLLARS
OF THE
Loans of this Commonwealth
DUE JULY 1, 1868. ;
Holders will address their proposals to the
Commissioners of the Sinking Fund, Harris,
burg, Pennsylvania, and endorsed "PROPO
SALS FOR THE REDEMPTION OF LOANS
OF 18C8."
FRANCIS JORDAN,
SECRETARY OF STATE.
JOHN F. IIABTBANFT,
AUDITOR-GENERAL.
WILLIAM II. KEMBLE,
STATE TREASURER.
7 2 tuthst9 3
7 3"10S SEVEN - THIRTY NOTES
CONVERTED WITHOUT CHARGE INTO
THE NEW
43 - O S.
BONDS DELIVERED AT ONCE.
COMPOUND INTEREST NOTES WANTED at
highest market rates.
WM. PAINTER dt CO.,
8i! NO. kOl'TII THIRD STREET.
SEVENTH NATIONAL BANK
OP PHILADELPHIA,
NORTH WKiiT CORKER OFFOVBT1I AND
MARKET STREETWJ
UIOBGE W. II ILL, PBESIDENT,
K. B IIALL.CAftUIEB,
OFJ-KBB EVERY AD VANTAGE TO DEPOSITORS
Tank ere', U t chan la', and 11 anuikct urers' Aooount
stJicittd tisuiatusm
FINANCIAL.
QANKINC HOUSE"
or
Jay Cooke & Co.,
NOS.I18 AND 114 S. TnlRD ST., FHILsJ
I
Dealers in all Government Securltieei
OLD S-SOs WANTED
IN EXCHANGE FOR HEW.
A LIREBAL DIFFERENCE ALLOWED,
Compound Interest Notes Wanted,
IHTKRKAT ALLOWED Clf KOEPOSITS,
t
Collections made. Btocks bought and sold on
Commies' on. UQ0
Ppeelal business acoommodaUona reserved (or
ladles. isua
7 3-10s,
ALL SERIES,
CONVERTED INTO
Five-Twenties of 1865,
JANUARY AND JULY.
WITHOUT CHARGE.
BONDS DELIVERED IMMEDIATELY,
PS & BROTHER,
lo-2jrp NO. 40 s.Tni p street;
U. O. SECURITIES
A SPECIALTY.
SMITH. RAKnniPH & nn
.-j ...... w w a. a HI w Wl
BANEES AND BROKERS,
H0.1SS THIRD ST-NO. S NASSAU TH
PHILADELPHIA. MXW TOBK
ORDERS FOB STOCKS AND GOLD EXaV
CCTED IN PHILADELPHIA AND HEW
TOBK i u
WAl ChhS JEWELRY, ETC.
LEWIS LADOMUS & CO.
Diamond Pealera and JetreUars,
MO. 80S CnESNCT ST PHILADELPHIA
Would InTlU the attention or purchasers to tbeU
large and handsome assortment of
DIAMONDS,
WATCHES,
JEWELRY,
SILVEB-WABE,
ICE PITCHERS ln great variety. ETC BTC"
A large assortment ol small STUDS, tot eyelet
holes. Just received.
WATCHK8 repaired In the beat manner, and
guaranteed. ,14p
WATCHES, JEWELUY. JpsT
W. W. OASSIDr,
NO. IS SOOTH SECOND STREET,
Bto)c'ko"IntIr0ly BeW nd ost carefully .elected
AMERICAN AND GENEVA WATCHES
JEWELRY,
SILVER-WARE, AND FANCY ARTICLES OP
EVERY DESCRIPTION, soluble
FOB BRIDAL OB HOLIDAY PBESENTS
An examination will show my atoclt to be nnanr.
passed In quality and cheapness. unsar
Particular attention paid to repairing. gij
G. RUSSELL & CO.,
NO. a NORTH SIXTH STREET,
IMPORTERS AND DEALERS IN -FINE
WATCHES,
FRENCH CLOCKS,
CJOLD JEWELRY, AND
1 SOLID SILVEB-WABE.
HENRY HARPER.
No. 5QO ARCH Stroot,
.uanuiaciurer and Dealer la
WATCHES,
FINE JEWKLBY,
SILVER-PLATED WABE, AND
H SOLID IILVKK.wiDn
' w WEI.
C.&A. PEQUIGNOT,
Manufacturers of
Gold and Sliver TYatch Cases,
XMPOBTXBS AND BEALXBS IS
WATCHES.
Offlc-No. IS Bouth SIXTH Street,
Manufactory-No, as Eouth FIFTH Ktreet,
4 1 PHILADELPHIA.
LEGAL NOTICES.
T ETTEKS OF ADMINISTRATION UPON TUB
bn edtoJthaai U WoOX,l deceased, h.Vln,
tcHhJ ?.ld " "den"ned. all perou. ndebte-
UitfiU lO tuti iftiuo tu pruswuii
BAMUEL II. WOOD. AdmlnUtrator.
Orhls iin, Ko. tJHOKfcKNWIC'lt Hfreet.
8 " lu6t No. 2JB South Flk'VH btroeU
o
O R N E X C II A N Q 1
J O TT SAS MANUFAerORY.
JOHN T. H A I r. ic v . rin
T.T yh .... -KHUVKD TO
. iu corner of MA HK KT aud WATER BtreeM,
TW a Al I in JT( 1)11 ICfc,
DEALERS IN bAUti AND BAGGING
urain, Flour, ball, uir-J'hMpal of Ime,Bo
sj ian1 IUU" otmN Y BAOS constantly on ham
)vxj T SAiutx. lAum Cawj-mim,