8
THE FREEDiYIATJ.
Lecture by General O. O. Howard,
on the Present Condition, Ca
pabilities, and Prospects of
the Freedmen In the
South, Delivered Last
Evening, In Na
tional Hall, Mar
ket Street.
IBPBOIAL BBPOBT FOB TBS EVENING TELEGRAPH.
After brief introductory remarks by Mr.
J,viich. General Howard proceeded ait follows:
Mr. Chairman, 1-ndlen and Gentlemen: I will
present to you, thle evening, a discursive no
counlof a journey In the (Southern Htates,
fciken during a holiday, referring specially to
the condition of the freedman, and incidentally
to trio events of the past, and the feelings no
eeNsurily awakened lu the mind of tbettoldler
by a trip tbronh the section of the country
lately grown familiar by the impressions of
WI Joined the CongreKslonal party from Wash
ington, bound for New Orleans, and as the
party was to stop at the larger places for the
purpose of observation and enjoyment a suffi
cient time to enable me to make inquiries and
take notes, I considered myself particularly
fortunate in an invitation to accompany them.
I left Washington at daylight on the 22d of
Pecembcr lost, in the cars, passing through
those places which have now become so histo
rical that their simple association takes you
back into whut now seem more like dreams
and visions than real events. Through Alex
andria, past Fort Kllsworth, in sight of Fairfax
Court-house and Centrevlllo, across Bull Run,
np and away beyond Mantissas Junction. C.tt
lett's, Wurriugton, Rappahannock, and itraudy
(Station.
I chatted with my friends about these battle
fields. Although beholding the places where
brave men and true were sivcrlllcod, it was dilli
cult to repress a feeling of joy that the hard
bloody war was over and too dark days were
passed, and God had blessed us with the victory
a victory In whose crown we now behold tho
Inestimable Jewels of a perpetual Union, sabred
Constitution, and liberty aud even-handed
justice. (Applause.)
We stopped for a few moments at Cnlpeper
Court House, and had time to make inquiries
about the while and colored people. A Freed
men's Bureau officer there Joined the party on
the train, aud went on with us to the next sta
tion, llereported all classes in good condition,
the colored pcoplo attending good colored
schools, taught by an excellent lady teacher;
and passing on through Charlottesville, Gor
ilonsville, and Lyuchuurg, aud other small
places on the road, there was the same testi
mony, accompanied with an occasional shrug
of the shoulder, and some expressions of con
tempt for the nigger Bureau and nigger school.
As the cars halted at Westdale, a town on the
boundary line between VlrglnlaandTennessee,
two colored girls came Into the train with a
subscription list for the purpose of raising
money to aid them in erecting a school-house.
They said, "We have no school; if we can collect
one hundred dollars, aud buy a lot, our people
will build a house. Then we wish you to send
ps a teacher." This is only one evidence of tho
spirit that cries everywhere: "Build schools
for our children and out selves; we want to
learn."
At Knoxvllle we saw large numbers of people
of every color, generally very poorly clad. They
received the party with every possible demon
stration, and Governor Brownlow, too weak to
stand, sat upon the depot platform and re
ceived our compliments by a warm grasD of the
band and a word of joyous welcome. But
though his body trembles, and he totters In his
gait, nis eye Is clear and steady, Indicative of the
indomitable spirit of the man. (Applause.)
Here we met a veteran officer, one several
times wounded in the war, a member of the
Keserve Corps. We found in bis olllce that
schools had been organized, and that several
others existed in this region, Here it was that
ituruside defended success tuny tue place against
Longstreet, until we came to his relief; here it
was that men, women, and children came out
to meet our army with Joy. I recollect many
incidents characteristic of this loyal people.
In the evening we passed on down thellol
steln bank, across the east branch of the Ten
nessee, through Layton, Sweetwater, through
the charming valley of Clearburg, whence 1
started in lbbl, at the head of the 4th Army
Corps, in that stupendous campaign to Atlanta,
on through the vast forest, past mountain
ranges, and tbrougn the cut of Chattanooga.
All this Journey was as familiar to ine as the
old (Quaker school-house and the hedge in my
boyhood, and all these familiarnamesof famous
pluces, as they were mentioned to me, quick
ened recollections and called back history.
From Knoxvllle to Chattanooga I felt a sense
ot freedom, that we were not still marching on,
Just such a night four years before, on the rough,
ridges. On that ulght the rain poured on us In
torrents. Who can estimate the fortitude of
our soldiers, and the faith it required in them
never to falter during those years of exposure
and hardships'. and who dare to say that God
tiki not lead them in the darkness, and mete
out to them strength of heart to enable them
to overcome these hardships!
Hoping to explore Lookout Mountain and
Missionary Ridge, as it was Sunday, it was
agreed to remain for the day at Chattanooga.
1 longed to climb the hills and visit the scenes
where I had seen men charge on their foes. I
conceived it my first duty, however, to look
after the Interest of the colored freedmen. I
learned that there were two colored churcnes,
a Baptist and a Methodist. Senator Davis and
wife and Senator Ramsey accompanied me to
the Baptist church. We were a little early, and
the building was Just, opened. We entered and
sat down near the front.
I wish I could describe the building. The
wooden boarded seats for the people were t he
best offering they could make, but I found it
one that God did accept, aud I perceived His
spirit was here. I watched the people as they
came and filled up those rough seats. Nearly
all looked cheerful, and were comfortably
dressed. The minister read with some dim
culty. Probably lie had not. been able to read
at all long, but he preached the truth with
fervor and effect. As soon as he ended his dis
course, converts came forward, and he gave
them his hand; then he prayed for them.
Having learned inv name, the minister asked
me to pray with them, and with a heart more
touched than usual by the services, I did Join
-with them the best I could in commending
them and their cause to the Lord.
As we had a few hours to spare, in spite of tho
rain the ladies privately drove to the National
Cemetery, situated a couple of miles from the
railroad depot, to the eustward. A beautiful
Cemetery has been located here, under the
direction of Chaplain Van Horn. He is remark
able for the love he bears for our fallen heroes,
and he has arranged and beautified their resting-place,
and sat down with his quiet family
at the gates.
1 The Cemetery is on the Round Hill, whore thut
mostimpertuarbable ofJuli;our generals stood
during the battle of Chattanooga a man whom
we may love and trust, whom you imay love
aud trust as I do, and ever shall. the noble, kind,
unassuming, unchanging General George H.
Thomas. (Applause.) Generul Grant was then
the commander of the field.
The cemetery is traversed from the base of
the bill by gravelled paths aud roads, so laid
out as to allow you to ascend gradually to the
highest point. On the right hand and on tho
left you see the unbrokeu ranks of the head
boards of our compaulons-iu-arms. These are
Katbered in companies, troops, and corps.
"Here, General, are your men of the 11th Corps.
Here are those of the 12lh, who fell during the
nio-ht. Here are those who mounted the rocky
crags. Here are the men who burst the gate of
youder mountain with Hooker, aud drove the
persistent, enemy from bis stroughold. (Ap
plause.) Here they all are the dead I mean
the Germans of Kcnurit and Steinwehr. Here
are the white men, the red men, the black
men. All sleep there quietly beneath tho sod.
They neem to say to us, Behold how we fought
and bled lor the same glorious cause! United
in life, united in death, shall we not bequeath
to our brethren what we have saved, tho com
mon right to treat every Inch of American soil
as freemen, entitled to all the blessings and
benrtts of nil undivided republic. (Applause.)
But I must hasten on. In the afternoon we
met the school teachersand children tho A me
rican Missionary Association have planted
fnor- a little band of teachers and a superlu-
tendant bought land, built a house for the
teachers aud made a nice school building for
Thev havo called it the "Howard
Btbool House;" aud oh, my friends, 1 am proud
of the honor thus conferred on me and on my
name. 1 ask no earthly honors greater thau
this- to be beloved by the poor, and to be linked
witti their school-houses and their
fhurohes In every pwt 0 the land. (Great op-
THE DAILY EVENING TELEGRAPH. PHILADELPHIA, FRIDAY, MARCH 1, 18G7.
The children, with their parents, filled the
room of this school-housf.and we spoke to them
words of encouragement, as such an occasion
always inspires. The people were comfortably
clothed. They are all poor, but none are de
pendent on charity in that place. And never
toll me that these people are not happier freo.
If they are not, it is because of the infamous,
the mean, contemptible, low-lived selfishness
that wars tipon every right and privilege that
belongs to the creature created In the image of
God. (Applause.)
The next morning found our party on the
road to Nashville. I wish I could give you a
transcript of my mind and heart as we went
along through these rugged places. There is
iookout Mountain on our left. I have stood on
yonder rock, and surveyed parts of five Htatns,
monntaln after mountain to the left and north,
ridge after ridge to the right and south, and this
is grand old Tennessee. Just as far as the eye
cnu reach, there are valloys reaching out, each
watered by its own creek, and opening out
between ranges, which form h'tad lines that
look like some huge animals with their noses
Just beneath the water.
This plcturesquo scenery would engross you,
but there, on the right, was a combat; there is
where your own Governor Uoaryrapplaune) lost
his own beloved son, shot down by his side;
there is where the enemy, from the fortifica
tion on yondor mountain, sent forth shell after
shell, to scare us with their screeching and
screaming, and to kill us with fragments. But
the train moves almost as fast as thought.
Here are an immense railroad bridge, now a
curious cave, now the new bridge over the
Tennessee at Bridgeport, which the men worked
lor months to repair the damages of a fow
hours' burning by the enemy- here is Bridge
port, that remarkable town; I thought it was
an immense place, as 1 heard of It before we
reached it, consisting, when onr army arrived
there, of a single old shanty now, perhaps,
there are two or three more.
Next comes "Stevenson," for sometime tho
headquarters of General Hooker. Here I first
met General Grant, whom I found, to my utter
astonishment, was not as big as McDowell or
Stevenson. It is a little singular the opinion
we have of men before we see them, and par
ticularly great men; we are entirely dissatisfied
to find them small and pale. (Laughter.)
Well, we Journeyed on, up and over the rango
of the Cumberland, through Stony river and
Murfreesboro; and near the latter the train
stopped, and all tho party visited a second
National Cemetery. It is finely laid out in
plats on level ground. A noticeable feature is
the numerous ranks of "Unknown Doad."
At Nashville we were treated with dinner
and speeches. After snying a few words as
loyal as 1 could make them, I escaped to the
State House, where tho colored people met us
In public assembly. The colored people here
were quite contented soon to have sulfrago.
which they have long coveted. (Applause.)
I presume you all know they have got It long
since. (Applause.) But I think it must have
been the colored aristocracy which camo out
here, for the dresses of the ladies would havo
done honor to the I'resi'.lent's reception. Who
would make these people slaves again?
I met a little boy at the hotel, who showed
me great attention: he buttoned my sleeve,
brushed my coat, and showed a great deal of
sympathy for me. I asked him, "What Is your
name, my boy?" "Henry." "Are you glad you
are free?1' "Yes! yes! 1 is." "You have poor
clothes aud poor shoes wouldn't you like to
belong to some man who would give you all
these things you need?" "No! no! I would
rather be poor than not be free." (Great ap
plause.) "You steal sometimes, don't you?"
"Not now. (Applause.) "Tell untruths?" "No
more." (Laughter.) "Who is your father?" "I
have no father but God." "Who taught you to
be so good a boy?" "Why, my teacher. I love
her, and she has taught me to do right."
This is but one of the fifty thousand who have
been led gently Into the paths of Christian duty
and Christian life, and by that hated and op
posed creature, the "nigger teacher." (Ap
pluuse.) Beware! beware! ye proud, hating
spirits, that even the sanctity of the Cnurch
cannot soften, who with scorn turn aside
from the poor teacher, and, with a show of
loathing, pull asido your dress and pass her by
on the other side. "It were better that you hud
a mill-stone hanged around your neck, and you
were drowned in the depths of the sea, than to
ollend one of these little ones that believe in
me." (Great applause,)
Our pleasant party set out from Memphis by
way of Columbiaoverthe Memphisand Charles
ton Railroad. It seems like time lost to travel
over these battle-fields at night. In the morn
ing ofCbristmas day we find ourselves skirting
the northern line of Alabama; at every station
where the train stopped 1 mingled with the
curious crowd. This crowd had assembled to
catch a glimpse of that great radical "Ben.
Wade." (Applause.) I came to this conclusion
because everybody always called out for old
"Ben. Wade." (Applause.1)
There were plenty of colored men to tell me
about the wages, ot the schools, tho justice aud
injustice of the white man. Occasionally a
young man would shout for Jeff. Davis, and vex
himsell about my foreign uniform, AtTuscum
bia a classm ate of m i ne at the M ill tary Academy
had lived, James Dashlier. I knew him as a
fine man. When the war broke he resigned his
commission, joined the enemy, ami fought
ngalust the flag. As I stepped into the depot a
tine-looking old gentleman, Dashlier's father,
stepped up and mentioned his name: the tears
rolled down his cheeks; all I could Bay was,
"God bless and comfort you." At such times
all the old ties of afl'ection and friendship return.
How I wonder that we, who loveu one another,
could have so fiercely fought against each other!
We spent Christmas night at Memphis. But I
must hasten on. 1 will quote from myoilicial
record about the state of things here aud on till
we reach New Orleans. The city of Memphis Is
well governed, aud the majority of the schools
lu good condition; the few cuses'of crime occur
ring are promptly met by the police, and
Brownlow's police promptly arrest tho offender
aud preserve order. (Applause.)
It was reported tome here that negroes who
had been In the Union army were shot down or
driven oil; persons employed on the line of tho
.Mississippi central auu uuio itanroau sum
thut it was unsafe to employ colored men;
eases came to my knowledge of Northern men
being so treated that they deemed it best to re
move; and cases of defrauding the negroes oi
their dues were reported to me.
X understood that all the teachers ot tue
colored schools at Grenada, Miss., had been
driven away by citizens. Several of the promi
nent men of that pluce have assured me that
this matter could be righted, and people grow
very favorable to the education of the colored
people.
At now Orleans l nau an interview witn
Major-General Sheridun as to the condition of
tho negroes of that State, and he says the
negroes receive fair wages in the country; but,
especially In those localities where they have to
work for a share of the crops, there is great
complaint of frauds being practised upon them.
I hud un interview with a Bishop ot an Kpls
copal diocese, who expressed great Interest in
t lie education of the freed man, in connection
with the Episcopal Church. I found lu one
place a hospital for the sick, and an asylum
lor colored orphan children, each under perfect
order and auinlrably managed. Witn regurd
to education In Louisiana, he (the Bishop) espe
cially asked me to uppoint an Assistant Super
lu lendent of Kducalion, a member of hlschurcii,
who had taken great Interest in the education
of tiie colored people, aud at his solicitation I
had the appointment made. Unfortunately,
soon after 1 left, the man, I understand, com
menced to remove Union teachers, and began
to throw his entire influence against us; and
we were obliged, upon this testimony, to re
move him.
I have realized my inability to dofond these
poor people, situated as they are. I have been
lu the midst of those who are opposed to
their freedom, opposed to their advancement,
and incredulous of their rights as meu. 1 should
like to tell you all we heard and all we saw
but time and space will not allow. '
At Chattanooga I left the party and took my
way southward. At night we traversed fields
where, for more tluin it hundred days, our men
had fought and fell, una beaten back a resisting
foe. The names of these battle scenes are so
riveU-d in my memory that I can hardly think
of them without naming them oven Tunnel
Hill, Kctaoea, Thames Fall, Kingston, Fisher's
Gap, Muddy Creek, Blue Hills. Kennesaw
Semeraw, C'uiup Green, I'ench-treo Creek'
Mcl'herton's rmttle-ileld, ol the M July, Jones
boro. These places aro all spread over a territory of
a hundred miles in extent, and were all em
braced between the entrance or tho doorway ,
Georgia and the final capture and oennn.,V,n
of Atlanta. To gain possession of Atlanta
we had to retrace our steps by forced marches
In zigzag lines over and into Alabama until
our eueiny had disappeared northward pre
paratory to his final suicide on the bavon'oU of
Generul Thomas at Ceulrevllle. (AppUiuse 1
All this was in ItkH. preparatory to the grand
march to the sea; and now here we were attain
in 1807, to bear witness that Atlanta has nut on
a new life. Houses, stores, and workshops are
rebuilt; the double twisted Iron rails have been
ublrajthttiiea ftuU rtltua, and Uie iubbin cj
demolished railway trains cleared away, so
that those soldiers who were once there would
scarcely recognize the old place, except by the
name.
At Atlanta, Georgia, the condition of the
colored people has very remarkably improved.
In the city they are industrious, and apparently
xeryL we"- ,T ie overnnent rations soem
demnnded more, tot white refugees than
for the colored population.
In the counties north there have been lawlest-
rnJ,itHlIh,rwinKn.t niuri,'. but lately these
murders have abated.
The schools are In an excellent condition.
A commodious building has been erected by a
Congregat onal Society of Cincinnati, of which
Dr. Stows Is pastor. This school is established
under the patronage of the American Mis
sionary Association. It occupies a beautiful
Bcnool-house, the best I have seen constructed
in the South, and I wondered that for the sum
of six thousand dollars they could possibly
have erected so fine a building. I went through
different rooms, and I found excellent toachurs
and excellent scholars. Connected with this
they also have an Asylum for Orphan Children.
From Atlanta we weut to Montgomery, Ala
bama. There I met a delegation of colored
people from various parts of the State, and
from this interview I was satisfied of the Im
provement in their condition within the past
year. Generally, they received falrwagos. That
was their own testimony; but there are still
complaints from the practices of fraud in the
fulfilling of contracts on the part of the em
ployers. The fullnre of the crops has affected all classes
unfavorably, and dissatisfaction exists to a
greater degree among tbe poorer classes of
whites than among the colored people.
The Assistant Commissioner, General Swayne
and his assistant, accompanied me to the va
rious nchools, and especially those of the Epis
copal Church, which has expressed a desire to
extend the work of education and intellectual
Improvement. Tho several schools are under
his supervision. 1 believe there has been a de
cided progress In this respect during the past
year.
The meeting of the colored people at Mont
gomery was a remarkable one. I met them In a
large room nearGencral Swayne's olllce. This
room was filled with men who wore from the
city and from different parts of the State.
After various speakers had depicted to me,
somewhat in detail, tliesuflerings and Hl-usago
to which they had been subjected by proud,
haughty, and domineering men, I asked them
suddenly, "What Is the remedy?" They said,
"Give us the rlghttojprotect ourselves." I then
said. "Do you wish the colored people to vote?"
With one voice they said, "Yes:" (Applause.)
But one of their number, an intelligent young
man, said, "I don't want tbe colored man to
vote for five years; for I want the radicals to
remain in power. Here and for twenty miles
around they will vote right, but further off they
will vote for Massa William and Massa John to
get their good will." Hereupon an old negro,
with grey hairs, hobbled up, aud )with a broken
provincial accent, said: "Although we are an
humble, degraded people, we know our friends.
(Applause.) Wo walked fifteen miles in war
times to find out about the battle. We can
walk fifteen miles more now to know who to
vote for." (Great applause.)
The question was put, when an overwhelming
(majority voied for universal manhood sutfrago.
Applause) Several then called out "What
does the General think?" I auswered, 1 thought
as I do now, according to the strong affections
of my Judgment, reinforced last Monday by
the complete success of the Georgetown elec
tion. (Great applause.)
Butit is argued, Do you believe In ignorant
voting?!. The only remedy is to remove the
ignorance, a remedy which every true-hearted
American will work for. I mean by it educa
tion. (Applause.)
At Augusta I met the people in one of the
churches: a large number assembled, and 1 had
a very familiar interview with them. They are
not ns hopeful here as at other points, ..They
complain thut they have not been fairly dealt
with by their former employers, and, in many
places, seem not inclined to contrnct lor the
coming yeur. They claim that the civil courts
at lord them little or no protection, and have a
suspicion of white people generally. Owing
largely to this, and partly to the failure of the
crops, large parties of freedmen have contracted
with planters, and have emigrated from North
ern Georgia to Mississippi, Arkansas, and
Texas. Outrages on tho lives and property of
the lrecdmen are common, and are irequently
reported to the oflicers.
In South Carolina the Courts seem to afford
no adequate redress, especially in the interior.
We met at tne nospitai an instance oi strong
faith that impressed itself ou my memory.
An old man, some seventy years of age, bowed
down with hardship, limped alougwlth attenu
ated limbs. He responded readily when I
spoke to him. I said, "Well, my friend, you
have an Inheritance." He shook his head and
Bald, "Oh! I am poor, very poor." "But have you
not an inheritance? ne museu a mumeut,
and then responded, "Oh! yes, 1 have an in
heritance up yonder, a rich one, a mansion
is ready for me."
We now visited Columbia, R. C. For a few
moments let me have your attention, and I will
relieve you. Columbia was formerly of impor
tance. We had fought our way iulo it through
miserable swamps, and we entered the city In
its beauty, and saw, before leaving, two-thirds
of it lying in ashes. However Just may be the
fierce wrath of retribution, I could not sojourn
in the capitul of; South Carollua without a
feeling of deprecation and sorrow.
At Columbia I bad an interview with Gov
ernor Orr, who expressed much interest in the
welfare of the lreedmeu, and the freedmen ex
pressed to me privately;greatconfldeuce In him.
He impressed me with the conviction that he
was exerting himself to preserve order aud
obtain law throughout the State, but the lawless
operations oi many greatly prejudice tne ireeu
meu, and dishonest employers resort to all sorts
of means to deprive them of their wages.
I was satisfied that It was possible to suppress
these evils, although perhaps not ell'ectuully.
I met the colored people in public assembly,
and lound them generally cheerful, aud willing
to go through the season. Some complaints
were made of dishonest farmers who were act
ing against them, but I was surprised at the
progress the colored people had made in a sin
gle year.
Severul cases were reported to me In Georgia,
where negroes had been murdered, and the
evidence of both white aud colored witnesses
was amply sufficient to commit them for trial,
but the grand Jury or the examining justices
failed to indict them, and they were discharged.
With regard to the condition of the freedmen
generally, I will give you the impressions left
on my mind after having visited nearly every
Southern State. There are yet existing many
evils consequent upon the change in the state
of the people and in the whole labor system,
which time and patient experience ulone can
remove. The Influence of work has generally
been very beneficial to both classes of peoole.
Many apparently prejudiced persons assailed
the Freedmen's Bureau In general terms, but
failed to inform meof specific objections against
It, or name any objectionable case of its ad
ministration 1 meau to their own knowledge.
To these men the Bureau was odious, because
executing a United States luw which they hate.
Considerable destitution prevails in the lower
Mississippi. In Georgia and South Carolina,
especially within the scope ot the route of the
armies, and where the crops had failed, there is
great scarcity. In scarcely auy of the country
has there been provision for the colored
paupers. Thisclassare now provided wlthfood
and clothing by the Bureau. In several of the
States which I visited the laws have been so
modified as to make no distinction between
blacks and whites, and in the degree of punish
ment Inflicted; still, I am sutluiied that partial
Justice Is administered.
lam of opinion that under courts of superior
Jurisdiction they generally deal fairly with the
negro, but It Is notorious that he stuutts little
or no chance before a Jury and In courts of
iuforiorjurisdiction. Not the slightest weight
la given to their evidence. Several flagrant
crimes, that would properly come to be acted
upon by these courts, were entirely set aside.
I was gratified to observe theparticularresulU
of education upon the people. Thlseducatlonal
Interest is being pushed by many benevolent
associations at the North, which have of late
been encouraged by tho reception of letters
asking for teachers to be sent through them.
Til A lj.aftiArfi upa Yunnan i Iv fill lit ant.mt Lo ftllDOf
ance, but the good results are beginning to be
acknowledged. .
I wish to pay a special compliment to the
teachers of the colored schools. I visited them
lu nearly every other place where I stopped,
and found them at Chattanooga, Nashville,
Memphis, New Orleans. Atluntu, Montgomery,
Augusta, Columbia, 8. C, Richmond, Va.,
and intermediate places. They are generally
gathered In little corps, six or seven at a place,
with a superintendent, established under the
supervision of the American Missionary Asso
ciation, or the Union Commission, or tne
Freedmen's Union Commission.
These teachers bear a remarkable character.
In the first place, there are ladles sent from dif
ferent parts of the North, as good as any in
flew tDglftnd, New YwJt, wr j.'enitfylvnia;
and then there Is something peculiar In the
character introduced, by the trentment they
receive, which inspires them with nnlvormtl
energy to make wonderful examplesof suocess,
and show to the people around about them
what they can accomplish, and put to rest for
ever the infamous theories that have existed
with regard to the educution ot immortal souls.
I found some of them ladles of taste and edu
cation, of culture, and of excellent morals who
had gone there not for the pay, but to do the
work of the Iord; and Ood had blessed them,
and I trust will bless and prosper them till they
have extended this work beyond the possibility
ot its being quenched out. '
Now, my friends, after my rambling discourse
you may ask me what I deem the prospects for
the luture I mean the prospects for the colored
men in this country, You know some of our
friends think it Is best to transport them
twyond our limits forever. They want to send
away the colored people from amongst us lest
we should treat them too well. (Laughter) in
answer to thls.I will say that as there are every
where many who gain a scanty subsistence and
very little comfort by hard work, so there will
ever be In the Southern Statos accumulations
of very poor white and colorod people but
their opportunities will bo multiplied, and the
privileges for every man of enterprise will soon
extend to them an open hand; and while the
black man, tho red man, aud the white man
are of the same blood, ladies are very apt to ask
me if there is not some white blood in them
1 believe all blood is red. (Lnutrhter )
Solomon's rule applies equally to all, and will
secure to those whopfollow it a temporal and
eternal good. The rule is-"Fear Ood and keep
his commandments," for this Is the whole dutv
of man. This rule can only become of any prac
tical value when engraved on the tables of the
heart, and read and reread and cherished In the
light of Christ's spirit, thut spirit which renders
obedience possible, obedience In love. Great
applause.)
AMUSEMENTS.
Thk Gkkmania. The following is the pro
gramme of the Oormania Orchestra for to-morrow
afternoon:
1. Overture, "Le Rol d'Yvetot" Adam
2. Song, "O ich bitt' euch, Hebe Vogeleln"
(first time) Gumbert
S. Vibrations, "Waltz" .......".Strauss
4. Andante, from first Kinfouie Mozart
o. wveriure, -;ainarina uornaro" Lachner
b. Air, "The Daughter of the Rogimeut"
(first time) Donizetti
7. Third Finale, from "The Bohemian
Oirl".. Balfo
Arrival of tub Japanesk. Thomas Ma
g u lie, Esq., Professor Richard Risley, and their
great Troupe of Acrobats, Jugglers, and Con
tortionists, will arrive this atternoon, at half
past 4 o'clock, at the foot of Walnut street, from
New York. This wonderful troupe open at the
Academy of Music on Tuesday evening next.
Messrs. Sheidts and Banks, who are connected
with this troupe, will also come on the same
train.
CAMDEN AFFAIRS.
Mf.etino ok Councils. Lost evening the
Muted meeting of Councils was hold lu the Council
Chamber, President, J I all In tliecliulr.
A petition whs received front the butcliers In the
markets, praying that they may be protected from
the hawkers and venders ot meat, on Recount of whom
they cannot sell their beef to an advantage. (A State
law requires all persons vending to pay a lax: bat
there Is no provision in the present charter ot Cam
den forbidding the hawking of meat. Km'.) The peti
tion was referred to a committee of three oa ordi
nance, appointed by the Chair.
Tbe Committee on the Keliefof tbe Poor (Plerson,
Chairman), reported the following us the disburse
ments lor the month of February: North Ward,
Itt'SK: Middle Ward. fu2-31 ; South Ward, lui'72. The
report was receivea aim oroereu 10 oe men.
The Committee on the Itevlsion of the City Charter
(J. S. Lee, Chairman) reported progress.
Mr. l ee moved thaiau addition ot three be made to
the Committee.
Mr. Archer opposed the motion, and stated that
Councils bad conlidence lu the Integrity and lidellty of
the present Committee.
The motion was then submitted to the Chamber,
and lost.
Mr. I.ee then stated that the Committee met In the
Council Chamber every Friday evening from 7 until
10 o'clock, tor the purpose ot uvaritiK tbe suggestions
of citizens, und lie hoped tbe members of Councils and
others would be there, unbuilt lor consideration
whatever they thought would tend to promote the
Interests ol the city.
A petition was received from the owners of the
meadow laud south of Mechanic street, praying that
it may not be taxed. Bclerred to the Street Commit
tee of South Ward. Adjournal.
TEMrnRA5.cE Revival is New Jersey. On
Monday evening last a very large and enthusiastic
temperance meeting was held at New Egypt, O.'euu
county, N.J. Senator Homer was made President,
und a number ot Interesting addresses were made. A
course ot temperance lectures will ut once be Inaugu
rated. Our young townsman, A. Watson Atwood,
F.. will deliver the lirst one ol the course, on the
'Tippling uf Tendom," early In March. Mr. Atwood
w ill be followed, by the lion. Cieorgu Clurk.oi New
VorK,
ArroiKTED Associate Judge. Ralph Lee,
Esq., fur many years a residout of Camden, has bseu
appointed by Governor Ward, and continued by the
Senate, Associate Judge of the Court of Common
Pleus ot the First District of New Jersey. Mr. Lee Is
in every way capable of tilling the position, and we
have no doubt but his good sound sense and reasoning
will enable him to decide on complicated questions ol
luw with an ability equal to that of our oldest Judges.
Military Company. A number of colored
soldiers and sailors In the South Ward have formed
themselves Into a military company. They are
culled the "bcovel Guards," aflor the lion. James M.
Scovel.
FOR SALE.
FOR SALE DWELLING NO. 315 N.
..Sixth street, above Vine, 21 feet front by 6 feet
ueep; for sale alter tbe lu or April: will then be va
cant und can be examined. Clear. Terms easy.
Apply to PUUH MADKIRA,
it 1 at No. 115 TENTH Street, below Chesnut.
vnr Q I I r A AinftFlR ATR SI7Pr
DWKLLINU. Just finished, with six chambers.
baiu, water closet, wash basins, etc., lu Jeitersou
street, west of UroaO. WILLIAM 11. BACON,
"siit No.jjlSS WALNUT Street.
FOR SALE SEVERAL SUBSTANTIALLY
Lijlbullt DWKLLINUH ou North Fifteenth street,
auove Jefferson, west side. Just completed, aud lu a
Uesiruble ueighborhood. WILLIAM H. BACON,
a us l No. 2Wk WALNUT Street,
FOR SALE. A DESIRABLE TIIREE-
btory brick DvVELLINU, on i'lFTKKNTit
sueet, north of Oxford; modern improvements aud
BOOU llClKUOUruoou, xeruin easy.
WILLIAM II. BACON.
25 fit
No. 21S WALNUT Street.
TO RENT.
TO RENT TH K HANDSOMELY FUK
nlslied House. No. 203ti Waluul street, replete
w un all modern conveniences.
Also, a Country Seat beautifully situated, within ten
miles of the city. The above cau be runted for oue or
two years. Apply to
' LEWIS H. KKDNER,
2 27 tfrp No. 162 S. FOL'UTii street.
ft TO RENT-SIX DESIRABLE ROOMS,
f.' ii sultubleior OFFICES, two on a floor, witli fold
ing doors. Heat aud (us. No. 227 N. SIXTH
Street, opposite Franitliu Square, Apply oa the
premises. jJ?L
TO RENT STORE AND BASEMENT,
No. 8 s. FIFTH Street. Inquire at No. 5J0
AllKET Street. It
HENRY S. HANNIS & CO.,'
Nos. 218 ana 220 S. FROM Street,
OFFER TO THE TRADE, IX LOTS TO SUIT,
Two Thousand (2000) Barrels Free
OLD RYE WHISKIES
Banning from THREE to TEN yean of age.
ALSO,
Six Thousand (6000) Barrels in Bond,
PI6TIIXED IN 1805 AND lWfl.
Liberal contracts made fox lota TO AftitiVK, of thia
jtar'RWDiiufeclure, Slnwttnip
MILLINERY, TRIMMINGS, ETC.
SPLENDID OPENING OF THE
""T1 I.ATKHTBTYLKH.-MHM. M. A. BINUKK.
No. UMt CHKHNUT Ktreet, Philadelphia.
I 1UMMIT1II lit f.ADIKM' TlRttrtH AND
CLOAK THIM Ml NOS, Also, an elegant, '
Imported Paper I'avterns ror ijmihv ou
Dress. Parisian Drww and Cloak Makintr In all lie
arleties. 1-adies furnlsliln their rich and cosily
materials may rely on belli artlntlcally lined, and
their work Hnlshed In the most prompt and rlUflleni
manner, at the lowest po"lble Pr,uffl,ltJiwe1nm"se
nnnra' nntirF. i .iiLLiiiei nun p
or by the (iln(cl piece
lor merchaDla and lriw-
niftKora, dow nwjy.
MRS. JS . Diuj-iuxx,
VKOS. 323 AND 331 SOBT1I SIBEEI,
v -V T
Baa a handsome assortment of MILLINERY. .
Also. Bilk Velvet. Crapes, Ribbons, Feathers,
Flowers, Frames, etc. Ladles who make '.tbelr own
Hon not w supplied with the materials. 1 1
NEW PUBLICATIONS.
g E THEN ON PLEADING.
A TKKATIftK OK THE PRISCIPUM Of
I'LF.AUIXU
IN CIVIL ACTIONS;
Comprising a Summary View of tbe Whole Trocoed-
lngs In a suit at Law.
' HV HENRY JOHN STEPHEN,
SERGEANT AT LAW.
NINTH AMERICAN EDITION.
With Notes and Additions from the London Editions,
rZl BY FRANKLIN I'INHG HEARD,
OF THE BOSTON BAR.
8vo. Price, .
Just published by - - -
KAY & BROTHER,
INo. 19 South SIXTH Street,
2 27fmw3t ' Philadelphia.
"And ther the Leellns', wld burstln feellns',
Stud, on the stepes In tbe peltln' rain,
And bowd as grand as, and smiled as Bland as
If Mick el Rooney wor the King of Bpane."
LDERMAN ROONEY
AT THE
CABLE IBANQUET.
AN IMPROVISED EPIC BY HIMSELF.
The Altin', and Dhrinklu' and Spaylcln' and Toast
PRICK M CENTS.
Address all cash orders, retail or wholesale, to
T. B. PETERSON & BROTHERS,
No. 806;CHESNUT Street, Philadelphia, Pa.
Bend for our Mammoth Descriptive Catalogue.
Books sent postage paid, on receipt ot retail price.
ALL NEW BOOKS are at PETERSONS 17
PERSONAL.
nPO PARTIES INTERESTED IN PROPER.
TIES EXEMPT FROM TAXATION BY TUE
GENF.RATj OR SPECIAL LAWS OF THIS COM
M ON WEALTH. ;
The Committee appointed by the House of Repre
sentatives of Pennsylvania, to Inquire and report to
tbe House the VHlue. location, and uses of the pro
perty exempted from taxation In the State of Penn
sylvania, will meet on SATURDAY MORNING,
March 2, 186", at tbe Common Council Chamber In
Philadelphia, and will continue In session from 10
o'clock A. M. to 4 o'clock P. M. Parties Interested in
such properties In the 14th. I5th, Ifith, 17th, lsth, lath,
20tb, 21st, 220 , 23d, 24tb, 20th, 2tb, ana 27th Wurds, are
requested to attend
WILLIAMS. GREGORY. Chairman.
JAMES N. KERNS,
GEORGE DE HAVEN,
W. M. WORRALL,
SAMUEL JOSEPHS-Commlttee.
Gxhe W. Moonky, Secretary. 2 2i 2t
dl-t rn extra bounty. soldiers and
tDJ.AJV Heirs who are entitled to this ilounly.and
who have not yet made application, should do so at
once, us tbe Paymaxter-General desires all claims to
be tiled aud clasHiiied as soon as possible. I am dally
receiving the checks for this Extra Bounty, aud notify
the successful applicants as soon as received, through
the Post Olllce. Those desiring a speedy settlement
should cull on or address
GEORGE W. FORD,
No. 241 DOCK street, one door below Third.
OFFICE OPEN TUESDAY AND FRIDAY
NIGHTS UNTIL 8 O'CLOCK. 2 9 lm
INSTRUCTION.
THE GREAT NATIONAL TELEGRAPHIC AND
ItOnUEKCIAI. INSTITUTE,:
No. 710 ARCH STREET, PHILADELPHIA, PA.
This Institution is now open tor Educational pur
poses. Tbe outfit Is perfect furniture throughout
being entirely new.
THE TELEUHAFHIC DEPARTMENT
Is tinder the control of Mr. Park Spring, who, as a
most complete and thorough operator, is unqualifiedly
endorsed by the eutire corps of iuauauorg of the
Western Union TeleKruphic line at tbe main oltice lu
this city. Twenty-oue lustrumeots lu coustunt opera
tioti.
THE LADIES' TELEGRAPHIC DEPART
BIKNT,
In comfort and elegance, equals any Drawing-room In
the city. Opportunities lor study are here afforded
thut are unequalled.
THE COMMERCIAL DEPARTMENT.
Is tinder the especial care of Mr. T. C. Search, an ex
perlenced accountant, and lute Professor or Accounts
in a prominent Business College of this city, A lull
corps of Teachers always lu attendance.
UNPARALLELED OFFER.
We will refund tbe entire charge of tuition to any
pupil who may be dissatisfied with our instruction
utter having given two weeks' faithful lubor lu either
Department.
MEND FOR CIRCULARS.
TERMS PREVIOUS TO MARCH 1, 1867.
Full Coorse, time unlimited J25
Telegruphlng, three mouths 'jjo
2 11 mwf em JACOB U. TAVLUK, President
FEMALE COLLEGE, BORDENTOWN, N. J.
Summer Session commences MARCH 6. For
Catalogues, terms, etc,, address
R1SV. JOHN H. BRAKELEY, A. M
2 18 15trp President.
a -
HOSIERY, ETC.
JJOSIEItY,
QLOYES,
UNDERWEAR ETC
THE LARGEST VARIETY
IT
JOHN C. ARRISON'S.
Nos. 1 and 3 North SIXTH Street,
PHILADELPHIA,
Aho Invitee attention to bis
IMPROVED PATTERN SHIRT,
Which has given mob general satisfaction for neat
ness ol tit on tbe breast, coinlort in the neck, and
ease on tbe nbooltlvr. Made of the best materials,
by band. 112
A FEBFXC1 FIT GUARANTEED.
UNITED STATES BE VENUE STAMPS.
Principal Depot, So. Ki4 CilKnUUTHtreet
Central Dpot, No. lliB. riFl H Street oue door below
Chejmut- Established 1H6J.
Bevenne 6 tamp, ol every description constantly on
Band In any amount
liutri by Mali M fxproH promptly attended 1 1
AUCTION SALES.
Philip Fokp. Auctioneer,
CLBLLAND A CO
M
AVCTIOMKKim. ISO. ft MAHKKT Street
BALE OF 14 CAPKS ROOTS AND SIIOES.
(In Monday mornliiK,
Marrh 4. rommnnetnff at 111 nVliwlr wawlll ..11
by catalogue, Hixi ruses men's, boys', and youths' call5,
kip, (.mln, and buB boots, shoes, brogans, baluiorals
elc. etc.
AIko, a large and superior assortment of women's,
mi ses'. mid children's wear, to which we lnviut th
early attention of buyers a 28 at
OHN B. MYERS A CO.. AUCTIONEERS .
Nos. 232 and 234 MARKET Street,
LAROR PEREMPTORY S ALE OP FRENCH AND
OTHER tU ItOPEA N DRY HOODS, ETC.
. .. XI ,... ... .... I ..
VII JIIUIIUItT 1111,1
Mnreh 4, at 1(1 o'clock, will be sold, by catalogue, o
lOlir lltfllltltK' i.viulll nl.fiiil tUu, li.ta nf L'm,...!, In.lU
German, and British dry goods, embracing;' a fuii
HSHonnient or fancy and staple articles In silks,
worsteds, woollens, linens, and cottons. 2 2 St
LARGE POSITIVE BALK OF BOOTS, SHOES,
BHOUAJNS. TRAVKLLI.NU-BAUS, ETO.
' Ou Tnenday Morning,
IMarohS. at 10 o'clock, will lie sold, by catalogue,
on lour months' credit, about Imk) pncknice Boots,
Shoes, BrogHiiH, etc., embracing a prime and frtl
RMorlniem, of first-elan city and Eastern manufac
ture. Open for examination with catalogues early on
the moruing of sale.
LAP.GF, POSITIVE BALK OF BUITIsn, FRENCH
GEIfMAN, AND l.'OMlvSTIC DltY HOODS.
AVewili hold a large sale of foreign and domestio
dry goods, by catalogue, on four months' credit ana
part for cash,
On Thursday Morning,
March ", commencingat 10 o'clock, embracing abont
GWjpHCkHHes and lots ot staple and fancy articles In
woollens, worsteds, linens, silks, and cottons.
N. B. Catalogues ready and goods arranged for
exhibition early on morning of sale, li 1 U
B SCOTT. JR., AUCTIONEER, No. 102O
. CHEbNUT Street, '
BALE OF MODERN PAINTINGS OF THE
HIGHEST CLASH.
B. BCOTT. Jr., Is Instructed by Mr. J. P. BEAU
MONT, of New York, to sell by auction, on the Even
ing of TUESDAY, March 5, and WEDNESDAY,
March 8, at 1 o'clock, a Collection or Modern Paint
ings of tbe highest class. It conslstsalmost exclusively
ot works palmed expressly to his order by living cele
brities, with whom he has been for many years in co
responoenee. Among tne Artlsis renresonted are:
Gilbert UlUart,
I'aul Weber.
i nomas coie,
Andreas Achenbach,
E. Verboeckhoveu,
A. Gulllernln,
Eugene de Block,
J. Patrols,
David Denoter,
Theodore Frere,
Count de Bylandt,
C. dell Acqua.
Gus de Ionghe,
F. K. Meyerhelm,
3. W. Preyer.
M'meRonner,
A. Van llamme,
Laurent de Beul,
Wonderland,
De Vogel,
Rolliten,
Van Wyngierdt,
II. L. Rol it,
W. Bromley,
J. 11. Dell,
Vertln.
De Vaux,'
tsteveus,
Von Raven?
Braudenburg,
Kuwasseg,
Lun font de Metz,
Kluyvers,
Le Ray,
Lelckert.
Andre Pluuiot,
. Btroebel,
Rosslter,
W. Weir,
W. 8hayer. Sr.,
U. Sbalders,
E. C Barnes,
C. Verlat,
Baron,
Coutourler,
Louis Lasalle,
Paul Hoyer,
llein Burgers,
M'me Pages,
, Hosiers,
Carabaln,
E verse u,
R. C Koekkoek,
Musln,
Von iSebln,
Ebel,
Verschuur,
Dillons,
Kelgnuc,
Kruseman,
A u dray,
, Proiessor Qrnnd;
Zimmerman,
De Vigne,
DeVos.
De Leub,
Clara Van Wllle,
L, Robbe, etc etc
The Painting will be On
view, with catalogues.
In
the eastern galleries of the Pennsylvania Academy of
riiit-Aru, uu r iviiAi, x euruury zz, auu coimnue
Until nights of sale. 21914t
BY THOMAS BIRCH & SON, NO. 1110 CHES
NUT bireet, above Eleventh Street,
THIRD SALE OF MESSRS. DEAKINS A SONS'
FINE SHEFFIELD PLATED WAKE AND TABLE
CUTLERY.
On Monday and Tuesday Mornings,
March 4 and 5, at in o'clock, at the Auction Store,
No. nin chesnut street, will be sold an entire stock of
floe silver plated ware, received direct from the cele
brated orks or Joseph Deaklns Jt Hons, Sheffield.
'Hie stock comprises euergnes, salmon dishes, tea
services, covered dishes, venison dishes, waiters, ket
tles, and stands: wines, butter and bread platters,
flower vases, soup tureens, teapots, and stands.
Also, table cutlery, plain aud silver, plated King
pattern, beaded aud pluin forks, aud spoons ot every
variety.
This stock comprises the largest and most elegant
assortment ever ollered at public sale.
Ou exhibition Friday aud Saturday. 2283t ...
B
Y J. M. G U M M E Y & SONS
AUCTION EE US,
No. 608 WALNUT bireet.
Will hold Regular Sales or
REAL ESTATE, IsTOCKS. AND SECURITIES AT
THE PHILADELPHIA EXCHANGE.
ON AND AFTER
MONDAY. MARCH IS.
They would respectfully solicit Attorneys. Ex ecu
tors and Administrators or Estates, Trustees, an
others desiring to sell property to seud them a memo
random of the same as early as possible, so that it
may be fully advertised.
2 three-story brick Dwellings, Nos. 1506 and 1508 San
som street.
4 three-story brick Dwellings, Nos. 1331. 1333. 1335.
aud 18H7 Mariner street.
4 three-story brick Dwellings, Nos. 1332. 1334,1336,
and IMS Mott street.
Handsome modern Residence, with back buildings,
and every convenience. No. Hl S. Penn Square.
Valuable Property Large Distillery and Lot, 40x80
feet, Nos. 402 and 404 South street.
'J'hree-story brick Dwelling. No. G ask 111 street.
Desirable Lot and Carpenter Shop, No. lsa Stiles
Street, running through to Cabot street.
Handsome four-story brick Store and Residence
southeast corner Fifteenth and Race streets.
Hebirable Building Lot, corner ot Woodbine and
Willow avenues, Germunto wu. 2
B
Y SAMUEL C. KOM) & SONS. AUC
TIONEEKS. No. 127 S. FOURTH Street.
CARD. In addition Ito our Private Sales ot Real
Estate, at our Olllce. we shall hold REGULAR AUC
TION SALES ot Real Estate. Stock, and Loans, at
tbe Merchants' Exchange EVERY FRIDAY. Pro
perties will be advertised In all the dally newspapers,
and by separate handbills.
Pamphlet catalogues, containing descriptions of pro
perties at public aud private sale, will be Issued every
Wednesday, j
Our First Spring Sale will be beld on FRIDAY,
March IS, at 12 o'clock noon. 2 18
o.
C. MAC KEY. AUCTIONE E E,
Otlice, No. !1 COMMERCE Street, 221tf
PANCOAST & WARNOCK, AUCTIONEERS
No. 240 MARKET HTREET.
STEAMBOAT LINES.
r-nZr TRIPS RESUME D. TH
AfcsriiTOfasteBnier JOHN K. WARNER will com
mence running between Philadelphia und Bristol on
THURSDAY; the 28tu of February, leaving Philadel
phia, CHESNUT Street wharf, ut 2 o'clock P. M.,
stopping at Rlverton, Torresdule. Andalusia. Beverly,
uuu isiirtiugton.
Relurniug, leaves Bristol at 7 o'cloclc
A. HI.
Fare each way, 3j ots. Excursion, 40 cts. 2 281m
1 LOST.
2pi REWARD. LOST ON SUNDAY AFTER
tiPfJ noon. 17tb Inst., a LINK GOLD BRACELET,
between Nineteenth aud Vine streets and Franklin
and Thompson streets. The finder will receive tbe
above reward by returning it to this olllce. 2 18
LOST-A LEATHER CASE, CONTAINING A
number ol railway tickets, which areot no use to
any one except the owner. The fiuder will please call
at THIS OFFICE. 2 28 it
THE GENUINE EAGLE VEIN, THB CELB
brated PRESTOS, and tbe pore bard GB KEN
WOOD COAL, tug and Btove. sent to all parts of Ul
city at Wtwr ten f.uiie riorum i(i list ft) 76.
Each ol tbe above artlnles are warranted to give per '
Aotiabafaotlon in every respect. Orders received at
No. 114 0out.li WIKD eueett .Irapurliun.'JHo I3U
WASUlUGTOJi Aveuue. 44t
NEW YORK DYEING AND PRINTING ES
TABLISHMENT, Works on Siaten Island.
tullce iuJl'liiladelphla.No. 40 North EIGHTH Street.
Tbi. Company, now In the forty-eighth year of It"
existence, is prepared to DYE, CLEANS K, and
H.Nlhli, In an unequalled manner, all kinds of
ladles' and gaullemeo's Garments ami Piece Goods.
Ladles' Drwihes aud Velvet Mantillas, (ieut's CoaU.
Pants, etc., cleansed, without allecliug tbe shape or
Cvlvlt IHUiUP