rrr
E
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A.
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"VOL. VII..No. 30.
PHILADELPHIA, MONDAY, PEimUAKY 4, 18G7.
DOUBLE SHEET THREE CENTS.
EKOTN(&
iLLLJJZLd
IMPEACHMENT.
The Father of the Constitution on the
Impeachment of tha President,
fom lh Waiinlnyton Chronicle.
The impeachment of Andrew Johnson, acci
dental President of the United States. Is the
chief object of universal discussion. There is
no mistaking that the public opinion which sus
tained the war against the Rebellion, re-elected
Abraham Lincoln, and vindicated tbo Thirty
Ninth Congress by a majority ot nearly half a
million of votes, has finally come to the conclu
sion that, unless he should anticipate and con
ciliate destiny, impeachment will be made the
imperative duty of the two Houses.
The aristocratic agencies are everywhere
atnrally alarmed at the prospect, because
Andrew Johnson has become their most useful
and most willing instrument. The foreigners
w bo encouraged the ttebclliou, and prayed and
paid lor the overthrow of the Union, aie horri
hed at the probable success of a measure winch,
while furnishing a new proof of the ability of
this Government to protect itself, removes the
last and most ellicieut element ot a conspiracy
in which they had so largely invested, but the
representatives ot the American people are here
not sim iily to reject Europeau advice, or to
reflect American opiniou.
Wnh due respect to what i, indeed, a double
admonition and instruction, it is their duty to
take no step not clearly invited by the tacts and
sustained by the letter and spirit of the Consti
tution. And hence the reference of General
A-djlev's lesolutiou ot luquirv into the alleged
violat'on of trust by tbe aciin President to the
Judiciarv Committee of the House was the very
best initiative. It is of tbe first and last import
ance that the question should be fettled, whether
such an example as that of Andrew Johnson
shall be allowed to run into a ruinous precedent,
or sball be to rebuked as to be made a con
spicuous admonition to after times. Tne
numerous attempts to embarrass and to intimi
date the investigation would undoubtedly pre
vail, if they were not feebie copies ot similar
attempts whenever the constitutional authori
ties deemed it right to resort to the strong hand
to rescue tbe common liberties.
If we difcnra all this false logic and these
puerile threats, we shall soon discover that tbe
mode and manner of impeaching a President of
the United 8tnte-i is astonishingly simple; and,
although the subject has not jet been formally
discussed in Congress, it may be sately assumed,
alter the very general iuterchauge of opinions
among the masses, and the very general review
of the matter by tne newspaper press of all par
ties that if cause is lound, tbe work of impeach
ment -will be peaceably and effectually consum
mated. The Democratic leaders have committed
another fatal mistake in seeking to find warrant
in the Constitution and in the expounders ot the
Constitution for their unreasoning opposition to
impeachment; and their blunder, too greedily
imitated by the recent Rebels, adds a new count
to the indictment against the latter.
The slightest examination shows that if any
men should hesitate, or should treat with defe
rence the propositiou to arraign a faithless
Executive, they are tbe leaders who claim to be
the especial guardians and defenders ot the Con
stitution of the United States. And if Andrew
Johnson himself, in his new role of exclusive
champion and interpreter of tbe fundamental
law, is only half-honest, he will bow before the
decree of the accepted authorities, the fathers
of the Constitution, and admonish his supporters
ot the trap into w hich they nave laiien. xo ex
plain what we mean, we direct attention to the
third volume of Klliott's Debates on the Federal
Constitution in tie Virginia Convention of 1788.
Jumes Madison, the lending writer of '1M Fede
ralist, was a member of the Virginia Convention
called for the purpose of consi lering the na
tional Constitution, of which he was a chief
framer and advocate. During the Convention
which nreDared the national Constitution, he
kept full private notes, afterwards published by
order of Congress, and ever since regarded a
infallible authority.
When the Constitution was submitted to the
respective States for ratification, the arguments
of Madison carried conviction to doubting
minds, converting even Jefferson by their clear
ness and cogency. The Virginia Convention
assembled in June of 17b8, with Mr. Madison as
the acknowledged chiet of the party favorable
to the ratiticatioii, assisted by Marshall, Pen
dleton, Edmund Randolph, and others, and op
posed by Monroe, tlravson, Henry, and Mason.
This array of intellectual giants subjected the
Constitution to a terribly searching analysis.
Their words, carefully taken down at the time.
are cow preserved among the archives of the
nation, and control statesmeu and coutfitu
tionsl lawyers as completely as tbe protoundest
opinions of the greatest judicial mind?. It was
atter this memorable intellectual struggle that
the Constitution was ratified by a vote of 69 to
79. When the second section of the second
article of the Constitution was under considera
tion, a very Interesting and thorougu debate
toot place. Tbat section is as follows:
Section 2. The President shall be Commander-ln-Cmei
of the army and navy ot the United siaie.
and of the millimot the several Htates when culled
Into actual serv'ce of the United Stutes; he may
require tbe opinion in writing of the principal ofller
In each of the executive depurtments upon any sub
ject relating to the duties of their respective offices ;
and be shall have power to grant reprieves and par
tluns lor offenses against the United States, except lu
cas' of impeachment.
The opponents of the Constitution, alarmed
at the extraordinary powers conferred by this
section upon the Executive, threw their whole,
force against it. George Maon was particularly
apprehensive lest a corrupt and faithless Execu
tive mieht abuse tbe prerogatives here so gene-
Toutly bestowed. He contended that tho Presi
dent "oueht not to have tbe power ol pardoning,
because be mav frequently pardou crimes which
were advised by himself." "It mav happen at
some future day," said Mr. Mason, "that he will
establish a monarchy and destroy the republic.
' If he has the power ot granting pardons before
Indictment and conviction, may he not stop in
quiry and prevent detection?'' Now mark the
language, in reply to these weightv objections,
employed by the Father of the Constitution,
Jatne Madisou, of Virginia:
" Mr. Madison, adverting to Mr. Mason's objection
to the President's pow er ol pardoning, said U would
be extremely improper to vest it In tho House of K
iireseidutlveB, and not much lost so to pluce it. in the
belittle, becmise numero'it) bodies were aetuitted mure
or lens by passion, and iiiiKlit, in the moment of ven
geance, foritel humanity. It was an established prac
tise in Massachusetts lor the Legislature to determine
such cases. Jt was lound. says be, that two diderent
sessions before ' -ach ol v bieh the question cnm Willi
respect to pardoning the delinquents ot the Rebellion,
were governed precisely by ditl'erent sentiments ; the
one would execute with universal vengeance, aod the
other would extend general mercy.
"THKKIC 18 NK HKUlTHlTr IN THIS CASE TO WHICH
(;NII.tMKN MAY NOT II A V K AUVKHTKD i IK TUB
lKKSIDKNT UK COMMKCTKU IN AN V BUHI'K lOU U A N
NV.K WITH ANY PKHSIIK, AND ir THKKE HIC ANY
grounds to aruKVK hkwili, shki.tkh him, thk
Hot SR of K:iK;NTAT'VKKTpl11'"1;r;V;", '
1 H K Y CANBl HPKND HIM WIIKV Sil'Sl'E'JTKD.
AM) THK POWKK WIIJ, DKVOr.VK IW THK
VH'K-FJIKBIUKNT. KlIOl'ID UK HK K IMPKCl fc. )
AlO. UK MAY UKEWIHK BK bUsFKM DKI)
i k tit. jiif. nu: Tiu pit .if'H Kli AND REMOVED.
ANDTIHSLKOISLATUHK MAY MAKE A TEM-
J'OBAKY A H'OIN TM KS T. Til IS IS A ORtAl
hECUlUTY."
Is it any wonder that these word, from the
iilnntrlmu fclariisnnJ rnnmit.re.rt the obieCtloni
ot Mason and HenryJ the same by whom the
leaders of the late Rebellion justided themselves
when they protested1 that tbe Constitution bad
oeoome the inBtrumtent of Executive power, and
-was being wielded for tbe ourpose of consoli
dating me union The reader will observe
that Mr. Madison's I assurances, which auieted
tke crave lean Of (Veoree Uiunn warn railed
lorth by the predlct'Jon that the Executive might
hn the vardonto
power. It in tor this
potoifcle offense that
Ue proposed the Executive
should he impeached by the Hons, and removed
by the Senate. Imagine for a moment what
that unchallenged patriot would have sal 1 had
his antRgonlsts predicted such a cries ot crimes
md ml.-demeanor.s as have been perpetrated by
Andrew Johnson 1
Tho abuse of the pardoning power is Andrew
Johnson's smallest olfonse. W bat would James
Madison have suid it Muson or Henrv had re
minded him that in tho future an Executive
might be lound who would not Mmnly prosti
tute the pardoning power and tbe public
patronage for the purpose ot sustaining his
personal "policy," but would denounce the
Congress of tbe Unl'ed States as a "body bank
ing on the verge of the Government," and would
attempt to force into the control of the Govern
ment tbe very men who had just been defeated
after a savage conspiracy to overthrow it?
Mr. Madison says: "The President can be im
peached if he "is connected in any suspicious
manner with any person, and there be grounds
to believe he will shelter him." The ltvisli
distribution of pardons to counterfeiters and
Rebels is a circumstance full of suspicion and
alarm.
hut the chief value of thes weighty wordq Is
where Mr. Vadison tells us that tbe offending
President can be suspended "when suspected,
and the power will devolve upon the Vice-President."
And mnrk ! that, "should he (the Vice
President) be suspected also, be may likewise
le suspended till he be impeached, and the
Legislature mav make a temporary appoint
ment." Well did Mr. Madison add "this is a
great security." In fact, it applies at ouce tbe
areumcntund the remedy. It tills tbe vacuum
between the period of impeachment and con
viction or Bcnti'ttal. compelling the Congress of
the I'ni'ed States, should mutter for tr.nl be
found by the House, to provide for an Execu
tive, to make a temporary appoinment, who
shall diseharee the d ities of the Presidential
oflice in the interval.
Thus it will be seen that the President can be
impeached and removed if found guilty; sus
pended when suspected, and the power devolved
on the Vice-President; and, as it' the illustrious
Virgininn was looking into the future and guard
ing against what seemed to be an almost im
possible treason, providing also that the Vice
President may be suspended until he should be
impeached and removed, and that the Legisla
ture may make a temporary appointment. No
thing bus been left to inference, construction,
or doubt, and no further worJs could add to
the clear and simple statement without insult
ing the dullest comprehension.
RECONSTRUCTION.
The President's New Plan It Is to be
Submitted to the Southern Legisla
tures sit Once.
Washington, February 2. The hishly im
portant consultations which the President aud
his Cabinet have been holding with leading
Southern men, on a new plan for reconstruction,
and alluded to last week in these despatches,
ended lust night in an agreement that a sencs
of resolutions, drawn up at the conterencein
favor of suffrage, based on read ins and writing
and a property qualification of $250, should be
submitttd for adoption to tho Southern Legisla
tures, to pave the wav for the submission ot the
question by the President in his message to the
Fortieth Congress.
These resolutions were sent to the Governors
of several of the Southern States to-day, accom
panied by an advisory lettei, stating that they
met the Prtsident's approval. Tbe question of
Amnesty does not appear to have been an essen
tial feature of the proposed plan. The Gover
nor of North Cnrolina w as telegraphed to-night
to keep the Legislature in session to consider
these prepositions, and similar messages were
sent to the Executives of Alabama, Georgia,
and Mississippi.
Governor Orr, of South Carolina, left to-night
to submit the new plan to the Legislature of
his own State. Mew YorV World.
Internal Revenue in New York.
The W. T. Eveninq Pozl of Saturday says that
the sum of tbe collections In each district ot
that city, since the revenue law went into ope
ration, was as follows:
Thirty.seeond district S27..ri91.6!7-10
Fourth district 22.H1 t,47J 9'5
Filth district 5.3:w,7:-4S
Sixth district 12.8.'U.3o!)7.j
Seventh district V.. o,oys,S4S-:
Kigiith district Y- 2l.i:.tiH-87
Muth district 5,7ut,0tJj-3.i
GRAND TOTALS.
Collections in three mouths of $1,011,763-99
Collections of J8ti.'i 7,12,I0V:5
Collect ions Of J MM 1S,34U,77S-1!J
Collections of lS!iT 37.15S.41 P5S
( ollectlousof 1800 33,7U0,W72
Total collections since 1SG2 ?100,129,613-8ti
The Pi lies.
The distribution of the prizes of the Union
Home lor Soldiers' Urphaus, at ssew xoric, was
rnnliniied or. Satnrdav. Ou that day Mr. J. F.
MeLouehlin received his $10,000 in greenbacks,
nod Klixa bouehertv $2500. The New York
Emnina i'osf savs:
"iMr. McLouehlin worked as a saddler at
Watervliet Arsenal for torty years, but left on
account of a stroke ot naral vsis. He has recently
lived in this city, and was until to-day a poor
man. He is over sixty years old. Wbea he
received his prize, he inquired after expressing
his thanks. "What the Government tax on him
would be?" He was apparently quite willine, if
not anxious, to meet the demand. Eliza
Dousherty has been a house servant for about
twenty years. Her age is now aboutflfty yearn."
The Proposed Scull Kara for the Cham
pionshipThe Preliminaries Arranged.
It Is undeisfood that Mr. Hamill has accepted
the challenge of Mr. Walter Brown, of Portland,
to row a five mile race lor the championship ot
America and a purse of two thousand dollsrs.
The race will take place at this c.ty in May-
next, Brown to be allowed tnree uunarea dol
lars for expeuses. The preliminaries were ar
runeed for Mr. Hamill by Mr. Charles M. Colviu,
of tbe New York Clipper, aud one-fourth ot the
amount of the stake was forwarded to tbe editor
of tbat paper yesterday. The race will probably
be one Of tlie most mteiesuug ever given iu tuts
country, and as it win ai tract a large iitimner
of strangers to our cr.y, our oumucsb tueu suouiu
bear a portion of the burden, and at least pay
Mr. Brown's traveling expenses. Pittsburg Com-
nnrciat.
Death of the Inventor of Oil-Colo-
l'rimiug;.
The Fmrlish napers announce the death of Mr.
George Baxter, the inventor and patentee of oil
t olor printing. He received the gold medal of
Austria lor his ' r irsi j aruuuietit oi yueeu v ic-
toria" and the "Coronauou." uw nest original
production is the immature drawing ot the
Baptism of the Prince of Wales, which was in
the miDiature department of the London
Wor'.d's Fair. The late King of Prussia was in
tieaty for the purchase of it at the time of his
death.
Lottery Enterprises.
CAUTION TO TUB PUBLIC A WOED IN BIA80N.
All persons who may buy tickets In the various
gitt enterprises or lotteries now advertised to
take place iu this city, in a short time are likely
to lose their money, on account of the fact that
the authorities are taking steps to stop these
enterprises; and as they are clearly in violation
of the law, the otticers will no doubt be success
ful. If the lotteries are stopped, ot course per
sons who have bought tickets will never be able
to recover their investments. A". Y, Foe. Font.
L.M. Belknap, or Louisville, donated 1000
loaves of bread to the poor of that city on Wednesday.
EUROPE.
THE EASTERN QUESTION.
Diplomatic Circular of the Porte on the
Case of Last Jtesort with Greece.
Constantinople, January 14. Subjoined is
the text of the circular despatch forwarded on
the 26th of December by the Turkish Govern
ment to its representatives at Paris. London,
and St. Petersburg, in which complaint is made
of the recent policy pursued by Greece:
Constahtinoi-lb, December 20. Sir: You
have already learnt from my former despatches
the nncibcatiou of the IslundfCrctc,aiid the con
centration of the remaining insurgents solely at
the two points of Selinos and Kissamo. I hope
to be able to announce to you by telegraph
tneir complete subjugation belore tlie arrival of
this despatch. It is notorious, sir, tbat tbe in
surrection might have been suppressed far
fcooncr, and peihaps without bloodshed, if Uel
lenic agitators euiering from abroad had not
intluei.ced the inhabitants of tbo island by
critninul intrigues aud menacing threats, which
have only contributed to prolong the revolt and
increase the number ot the unfortunate vic
tims. When the Hellenes became convinced of
the non-succe.'-s ot their cuilty plans with re
gard to Crete, they beeau openly to disturb the
tianquillity in Kpirus and Tiicssaly. Throw
ing aside all disguise, they tome to oriMnize
Lui.ds of robbers who eror-s the frontier
unilerthe protection of the militry forces of
the Grf ck Government assembled at L.mna aud
Cawaupare, murder those of our Christian sub
lets who full into their hands while oll'cring
res'staiice, and plunder their property. Lar?e
preparations huve been made by sea and on
land with the intention of more energetic pro
ceedings In the spring. Wc hud ourselves,
theietore, at present, not face to face with an
insurrection at home, but in the presence of a
Government which endeavors and makes mani
fest preparations to revolutionize our
teriitory. I am happy to be able to
state that, notwithstanding the most violent In
trigues of Greece, the greatest quiet prevails
throughout the empire. In view of the eveuts
now becoming developed, therefore, we feel
thoroughly convinced that friendly powers will
admit that the manifestly bo-,lile conduct of
the Greek Government, both with reeard to
Crete and to the general tranquillity in the other
provinces of tue realm, is without parallel
between two State living at peace. They will
at the same time admit tuat the Sublime Porte,
solely inspired by the wish ot preserving peace,
hits eiven proofs ot unexampled selt-denial.
But there are limits which cunnot and must not
be overstepped, and it can hardly longer remain
a matter ot indillt rence to bis Imperial Majesty
the Sultan tbat a considerable port'ou of his
subjects, who desire to live quietly and
enjoy the protectiou guaranteed to them,
should fall sacrifices to the pasious and
destructive schemes ot Greek adventurers,
and tbat the tranquility of his empire should
be disturbed and endangered. If, therefore, tbe
Greek Government, setting aside the obligations
lmpoi-ed upon it by treaties, should persevere in
the course it has hitherto pursued, the Imperiul
Government will hud itself compelled t. adopt
measures required by the duty of providing tor
Its own security, leaving at the same time to tbe
Greeks the full responsibility lor all the conse
quences such measures might entail. We arc of
opinion, sir, that the three protecting powers of
Greece, who so sincerely uphold peace aud
tranquillity in the East, and in like manner
wish to see the treaties held inviolate which
guarantee the integrity of the realm, will
alone be able to avert this possibility by
bringing back, throuirh collective and elfectual
action, tne tircek Government to the path ot
lovalty and international duties, and by cate
gorically declaring that thy disapprove her
precent conduct, i repeat, sir, that we loot
upon such action as the only means to induce
the Cabinet of Athens to change Its aggressive
attitude, to bring the Greek revolutionary party
to reason, and tin ally to avert a oreaeh between
the two Governments, after the Sublime Porte
has already vainly exhausted all its efforts
to prevent matters from coming to extremity.
I request you, sir, to represent this position
of atlairs so the Government to which you
have the honor to be accredited, and urgently
to beg it to address energetic counsels
in the ubove-raentioued sense to the Cabinet of
Athens. You will at tbe same time, add that iu
case this step should unfortunately remain
without the desired result, and Greece hould
continue not to tuliil tlie duties imposed upon
her by treaties, the Government ot his Majesty
the Sultan will then, although with rearret, tiu'f
itself con. pelled to make such arrangements as
may be demanded by tbe interests of self-preservation.
.You are empowered to rend this
despatch to his Excellency the Minister for
Fcreiun Atlairs in the Government to which
you are accredited, aud should he so desire, to
leave with him a copy of the same.
Receive, etc., Aali.
ROME.
French IMbernl Opinion ou the Intole
rant Course of the Pope.
From L'Opintu.i JS'uiionate, January 10.
Quos tult pirdere. Our readers know the rest.
Yesterday we annouueed that the Government
of the Cardinals have prohibited the celebration
of Presevterian worship, tolerated at Home tor
the last six years. To-day we are informed that
the Anglican Church has also been proscribed.
The Minister! of the United States was in
formed that the religious services held at the
resideuce of the Legation, protected by the flas
oi the Union, must be suspended. We cau with
difficulty believe an act which would constitute
a breach of the law of nations. Should the
news be confirmed, we hope that the American
Minister will refuse to submit to the Injunction.
We doubt tbat tbe Mousigtiori (Cardinals) are
prepared to use force: aud, at all eveut", the
retrescutative of the great republic can detuani
his pa-ssport.
ITALY.
The Suppression of Monasteries.
The Naples correspondent of the Uetjats writes
under date of January ":
"An event of great importance has occurred
here, as well as throughout Italy; all the monks
have left their monasteries. If there be any
exceptions, it is ouly in a few petty communes
where the municipal authorities havesuecaeded
lu obtaining the convent property In order to
keep the monks with them, for they are not
uu popular in our provinces,
"I heir legal suppression, however, ha not
caused them to disappear; far from it. Being
deprived of their cloisters, they are to be seeu
more frequently in the streets.'and at all hours
of the day. People here are struck with the
resitruation, one might say indifference, with
which they have accepted their fate, 'it is the
will of God,' they say; but it might be said
generally tbat II is will does not appear to them
10 be very severe.
One very significant circumstance Is observed;
it is the vigorous manner in which the law
uguinst the monastic orders has been euforjed
orders which have always been looked upou as
the armies of tbe Church has not in the least
impaired tbe cordial understanding which con
tinues between the Government aud the Cardinal-Archbishop
of Naples. 8o friendly is this
understanding that the extreme members of tho
party do not appear much edibed bv the atti
tude of the Prelate; they go so far as'to charge
him With havimr been eainpd nir hi tl R.
valutfnn '
Mr. Treppe, of Texas, lo view of the great
expense which the Indians are to the Govern
ment, suggests that the whole race, as an eco
nomical measure, bo boarded ai first-class
hotel
THIRD EDITION
FROM WASH1NQT0W THIS AFTERNOON.
srkClAL lUSrATCHES TO EVENING TELEGRAPH.
WAsniNOTON, February 4.
Doings of the Congressional Committees.
The Senate Finance Committee will meet
to morrow to consider Secretary McCullocb's bill.
The Benate Military Committee have agreed
to report against tho charter tor the new rail
road between Washington ar.d New York.
The Ways and Means Committee will report
on the whisky tax this morning. They probably
will not recommend a reduction.
The Ice Blockade and Surratt.
The Navy Department this morning set two
powerful steam tugs at work to endeavor to
break the ice, and open tho navigation of the
Potomac, to enable the steamer Swatara to
come directly up the river with Surratt.
It is probable tbat the Swa'ara will be used as
a prison ship for Surratt until the time of his
trial, as the District jail is very insecure, and
the military prisons here have been done away.
The Test Oath Case.
The District Supreme Court will reserve its
decision on the Test Oa'h case for a week or
two. It Is understood that Judges Oliu and
Wylie favor sustaining the decision of the
Supreme Court of the United States, and that
Chief Justice Cartter and Judge Fisher take
opposite ground.
Sales of Gold.
' Judge Kelley has just introduced a bill that it
shall not be lawful for tbe Secretary of the
Treasury to sell gold In future.
From Fortress Monroe.
Foktrkss Monroe, February 4. Arrived,
steamship Mississippi, from New Orleans, on
the 28th, for New York, with the Nineteenth
Regiment of Colored Troops, en route for Balti
more, where tbey are to be discharged. The
schooner Bucephalus, from Providence for
L'allimore, arrived in Norfolk for repairs, hav
ing been damaged by the ice in Chesapeake
Bay.
New York Ilnuk Statement.
New York, February 4. The following Is the
condition of the l'.auks of this city, showing an
increase:
l.ouns $2,100,000
(Specie
C'ltculntiou
Ieposits
Legal-tenders...,
400,0 H)
12.j,000
3,.ViO,tM!)
1,100,000
Arrival of the Caledonia.
Xew York, February 4 Tho steamship Cale
donia, from Glasgow on the 18th ult., has arrived
at this port. Her news has been anticipated.
LEGAL INTELLIGENCE.
Supreme Court. Chief Justice Woodward,
mid Judges Thompson, Head, and Strong.
J udgmeuts were tsiven In tho following cases:
Msilten vs. Mason. Judgment ultlrined. Opi
nion by Woodward, C. J.
Snyder vs. Carfney. Judgment of Common
I'leas reversed, and Judgment of the Alderman
alllrmed. Oulniou by v oodWurd, C J.
Kiel) vs. Keyser. Judgment reversed. Opi
nion by Woedwurd. C. J.
l;oyd vs. Negley. Decree affirmed. Opiulon
uy strong, j.
The following enses were argued:
Lorn vs. Turnpenny, Clurlt vs. Dorter. Fltlow
vs. l-'ltlou ; submitted ou puper books, Dull" vs.
Fltzwnter.
Court of Quarter Sessions Judge Lud
low. This was the first day of tha February
term, and consequently a (treat part ot the time
was taken up in forming the grand and petit
tunes. William v. uruliaui. Kso.. was an
pointed foreman of the Grand Inquest. One
gentleman summoned to serve on this Jury was
excused ou the ground of ignorance of tlie Eng
lish language. In the instruction of tho Court
to the Grand Inquest, his Honor Judge Ludlow
said:
Tho unusually great press of business upon
j this Court would not warrant tlie taking up of
the time of tlie jury In a long address. Thooa;li
! just administered to the foreman aud Ills brother
j 'jurymen was of a peculiar nature, it enjoined
upon them the strictest secrecy as to their pro
ceedings. In fact, It is a misdemeanor for auy
I member of the Grand Jury to divulge to any
one, except tne loremun nnu oiner luemoers.
unvthitig tuat transpires lu their room. In ttie
office they assumed, and the responsibilities
they would have tobenr, they were placed upart
Horn other men of the community. They would
l:ave to net with thegreuluat iinpattlulity, judg
ment, and coolness.
Their duty was to ward oft" from the citizen
all unjust charues, and to present to tha Court
ail lulls which are buMamed by prima facie
evidence of the truth of the charges contained
in them. They were to throw oir all personal
feelings and prejudices; to be actuated by no
opinion social, political, or religious ; to deter
mine causes by tho law aud tho evidence, and
by these alone. An Impure, wrong act delibe
rately done by the Grand Jury room would cor
rupt justice at its fountain bead.
A most fearful, determined struggle between
right and wrong, virtue and vice, law and order.
Is now going ou in this country, and unless the
torrent of crime is Instantly checked, It will
M on very soon sweep away from the laud all
ve consider good. For the first time iu the his
tory of tlie Kastern 1'euitentiury, every coll is
eio'wded : and tlie saddest fact ol all Is tiiat over
I'lo-thirOs of the inmates are under twenty-jlve
urtirt of aye.
lulin mini ,rivi hiuii intuit vriiwiei.y iriilLttil
almost before atlainlug tlie uge of muuhooJ! I
attribute this, though 1 may mlstuke, to a want
oi proper training of our youug men, and to tho
ili (.miction of the apprentice system. It is true
tbat the demoralizing effect of wur always fol
lows its close; but this state of aflulrs was soon
la-lore tho opening of the lato war. Now a
voting man or woman, scarcely out of tho ago of
Infancy, considers himself or h erne If the muster
of Dis or her actions. Neither parental disci
pline, nor tho firm hand of a muster, roslraiu
1 As'soon as their slay's work Is over thy are
thrown en ntas&e upon society; they resort to
low dens of gutnblina aud prostitution, become
the companions oi thieves and prostitutes, huvo
no self-H'spect.aud so hasten to tholrluevltable
destruction. A movement has been made In
i lie light direction, namely, the eructiou of a
House of Correction, an Intermediate pluce ho
tween the almshouse und the prison, a home for
vugrauts, where tbey may receive a benellelal
riiiMng aud education, and from which they
may be restored to society.
At present It Is proper that our attention
Khould he particularly directed to tiio tnieo
huudred prison ouses found upon tho calendar.
The Inspectors of the County 1'i lsou and their
iiuonisdo all they can to relieve the prison by
ilihCliarBing those persons coutlned upon trivial
charge, such as vagrancy, etc. Frequently
innocent citizens are Imprisoned upou falsa
charges, and It is our duty to relieve such per
bons who are too poor lo enter hall.
After a few remarks as to their duties, etc.,
tun Court dismissed tlie Jurors to their room.
District Court Judge Stroud. Aaron &
Co. vs. larcu Koemnghelm, executor of
Moritz Lew isou, deceased. Au action on a pro
missory note. Verdict for plaintiff. J10S8 4&
John Kennedy vs. Guslavus G. LoKau. An
action on a promissory note. Verdict for plain
tiff, IH0S-8H.
James Gebhart vs. Hannah's Gap Oil Com
pany. Verdict by agreement for plaintiff, $m
William Kelley vs. Charles Hewer. Verdlot
by agreement for plaintiff, I2K7-19,
Edwin Greble ts. Henry K. Itewrlth. Au
action on ft promissory nolo. Oa trial.
FOURTH EDITION
IMPORTANT FROM WASHINGTON.
A New Flan of Readjustment.
rSuflViigfo for Ncsjrot'N -vlto
Citu lttMitl mid Wrifo.
srKClAl DESPATCHES TO EVENING TELEGRAPH.
Washington, February 4.
Tne Iron-Clad Builders' Kit ra Compen
sation. The 1 louse Claims Committee this morning
dreldf tl to report adversely upon the bill allow
ing certain builders of irnn-clads twenty per
cent, additional compensation
Judge Kelley's Gold Bill.
The bill concerning gold'siles. Introduced by
Judge Kelley. goes to the Ways and Means
Committee. The temper of the Iious'i Is in
favor of its passage, but it will uot pass tho
Senate, ns that body has shown its disposition
to confide tho power lo the Henretnry of tlie
Treasury, tQ.be exercised at his discretion.
Contraction of the Currency.
Several ineffectual attempts wero made
during tho morninu hour to-day in the llou-w
to net through resolutions, under the previous
question, to instruct the Committee ou Wuys
and Means lo report against the contraction of
the currency.
Reconstruction.
The Southern Governors, Orr, Sharkey, and
others, have left for their homes, lo carry out
the plan of operations agreed upou In tholr con
ferences with the 1'resldent.
Governor Orr telegraphed to the South Caro
lina Legislature to remain In session, and Gov
ernor Snarkey telegraphed the same lo tho Mis
sissippi jCginiature. a. similar uespaicn was
also sent to the North Carolina Legislature.
The plan is for the different State Legislatures
to endorse Impartial suffrage, with a oroporty
qualification or two hundred and fifty dollars,
ami the ability to read and write. Tills being
done, the President will recommend it in his
next message to Congress lo take the place of
li e Constitutional amendment.
It is supposed that this movement will divide
ti e Republican ranks, and have a good chance
oi Miccess, as being more palatable lo tho South
IbMi tho Constitutional amendment.
rilOCEEDIXGS'OF CONGRESS..
Senate.
Wasiiinoton. February 4. Petitions wore pro
BeniuU sad referred.
AI r. Cliunuler preMenled the protest of the citizens of
Michigan against the Issue or Aniurleivn regime to
t uimiliaii built vessels. Keierreu to tlie Cuunuillee
on Commerce.
Mr. Wilson, from the Military Committee, reported
buck the lloime liill lu authorize the construntioa or a
lidlilurv und postal route from Washington to New
oi k, and usked that the committee be discharged
from the further conBuleraliou of the subject. The
commutes was dlnchargud.
'Ihe Chair laid belore the Senate the certificate of
election of Timothy O. Howe at Senator Irom Wis
consin trom March 4, 1887, to March 4, IS7J, which was
read three times and oidureil lo be tiled.
The lloime amendment to the Joint resolution for
the payment oi the Kentucky mill tiu culled into the
(iiiveinment service whs concurred in, aud the reso
lution Kes to the i'reslileut.
.Mr. Patterson (Tenn.) introduced a resolution,
which wus adopted, calling upou tho Secretary of War
to traitHinil to the benate copies of the orders of U'jne
rals lltirnslde and f-ctmlield organizing a commission
ol loyal TenneNseeuns tor army moras.
Mr. Harris (N. Y.), trom the Judiciary Committee,
reported a resolution to pay the Senator from Ten
iii bsee a compensation, to be computed from the com
ineneemeiit of the Thirty-ninth Congress.
Mr. Trumbull (111.) thought the Senators from Ten
nessee entitled lo a compensation from the date of the
aomusion oi lennesse, ana not oeiore.
To pay them from the commencement of the Con
press would be to admit that the State of Tenness e
was entitled to representation all aloinr. If tins oiin
clple were applied to Tennessee, it would apply to
South Carolina, and when Keuutor from that State
were admitted, tut they sooner or later .must be. tliev
would claim compensation from the dale ot their elec
tion, and must receive it.
Mr. Wilson (Mass.) moved to postpone further con
sideration of the resolution until to-morrow.
The yens and nays were demanded, but were after
wards withdrawn, aud the motion was decided in tue
ullli niBtlve.
Mr. 1 1 urn hull (111.), from the Judiciary Committee,
reported I u favor of tho Indefinite posiponvin enl of a
hill to retstilale the time and place of lioldimt the
V lined States District Court in the state of Maiue.
The bill whs Indefinitely postponed.
Mr. 1'atternon (Tenu.) presented the resolution of
the Tennessee Legislature, mking that the Slaie of
Tennessee be admitted to tho beiietlu of an act of
j Congress donating public lands to the several states
I for the purpose of establishing Agricultural Colleges.
iteau and oravrea to priuieu.
Mr. Williams (Oregon) presented the following,
which wus referred to the Cummiliee on Keconsirjc
tiou, to provide tor the more ellicieut govei iiiuunl
of the Insurrectionary States:
11 htrrux. The pretended State Governments of the
Into ko called Cunlederate Stales of Virg ni t, Xs'ort a
Carolina. South Carolina, Georgia. Mississippi. Al l
bama, Louifbiiia, 1-loriilu. Texas, and Arkansas were
el up wilhoul the authority of Congress, aud, there
fore, arV of no constitutional validity; and
henna. They are In the hands and ui:dei tbe con
trol of Ihe unrepentant leaders of the flehelllou, aud
utlord no adequate protection lor the I He or properly,
but countenance and encourage lawlessness and crime;
and
Whrrectt, It Is necessary tbat peace and g Hid order
should be enforced In the said ho-ealled Stales, until
loyal and repuolican Stale Governments cm be
legally formed. Therefore.
J; it enacted by the Senate and House of Repre
sentatives ol the United States of America in Con
gress assembled, that each of the said so-called Slates
kliall constitute a Military 1 dstrici, to be subject to Hie
military authority of the United males as hereinafter
prescribed.
section 2. A nd be it further enacted. That It shall be
the duty of the General of the army district, undur the
authority of the President, lo assign to the command
of each ot the said districts au ollicer of the regular
army, not below tne rank of brigadier-general, and to
furnish such officer with a military force sullicieul to
t'liuhle him to perform his duties aud enlorce his uu
tliorliy within thedifitricl to winch he is assigned.
Secliou 3. He it furtner enacted, That It shall be the
duly ot each ollicer assigned as aforesaid, to protect
all peaceable und law-abiding persons In their rights
ol person and property, to suppress Insurrection, dis
order and violence, and to punish, or cause lo be pun
i -lied, all dinturoers ot the public ponce and criminal s
i. ud lo this end, he may allow tlie legal tribunals to
t.ike the jurisdiction of, and to try ottunilers, or where
in his judgment, it may he necessary tor tlie trial of
Menders, lie snail nave power to organize iiunuu v
commissions or tribunals tor thai purpjse, anything
in the Constitution and laws of Hip so-called States to
tlie contrary notwithstanding ; and all legislative or
liullnal iiroceeilines or orocesses lo urevenl or con
trol Ihe proceedings of the said miliiary trlhiiu.tls,
and all Interference bv said pretended state Govern
ments with the exercise or military authority under
this HCt.Khull be void und of no ellect.
section 4. And be It further enacted. That Courts
und Judicial oltlcers or the I tilted Slates may issue
writs of habeas corpus in hehall of persons in military
custody, onlr when such commissioned olliceron duly
In Ihe district where the pellllou originates Bhall
endorse upon said petition a statement cr
liiylng upon honor that he has knowledge
or inloruiutlon as to the cause and cir
eiinislnnees ot the alleged detention, and that
he believes Ihe same to he wrongful, and further,
Hint he believes inut mrnuuiu , ....... . i . iu
good laiih, and that Justice may be done, and not to
hinder or deluv the punishmeuiot crime: and all per
sons nut under military arrest by virtue or this act
shall he tried without unnecessary delay, and no cruel
or unusual punishment shall he iullicisd.
section 6. And be It further enacted, that no sen
tence ol any military tribunal allectlng the liberty or
lile of anv person shall be executed until It Is ap
urawed by the ollicer in command or the proper dis
U.ci. and the laws and regulations tor the govern
ment of the urmy "'' no'" affected bv this act,
except in so far as they conflict with lis provisions.
House ef Representatives.
The Speaker proceeded, as the first business In order,
to call on the state" for bills and Joint resolutions for
reference. Under Ihe call bills were Introduced aud
referred s follows:
l;y Mr. Jlrandasee (Conn.), declaratory of the law
uf longevity rations to officers of the army. Ilei.rred
to the Committee on Military Affairs.
Uy Mr. Hunter N. Y.). to facilitate tbe establish
ment ol naval and marine conl depot on the eastern
shore of New Jersey. To theCommltieeon Commerce,
Uy Mr. Welksr(Obio) to amend the act to moor
porsie the National '1 beologicsl Institute, and to de
nn. sue extend the powers of the same. lUferred to
tlie Committee on the District of Columbia.
Uy Mr. Kelley (Pa.), to prohibit the Hecretury of the
Treasury from selling gold. To the Committee on
baukiugand Curreouy. II makes It unlawful tor the
secretary of tbe I reasury to sell any gold now in, or
wbicb may hereafter come lute the Treasury, aud re
peals all laws i'lceusiklcut there iln.
Hint he believes tnui me enuumeu iii-uimu is mime in
FROM EUROPE THIS PJI.
BY THE ATLANTIC CABLE.
United States Officers Feted.
1'akis, February 3. A grand fete was given,
to ihe officers of the United Stales ntewner
Colorado at. Villa Franca yesterday. Friendly
speeches were made, and tho eutUtisUin was
unbounded,
Vienna, February X Hndlcal changes are
Impending. In the Aiistrlau Ministry.
Fred. Carl.
JtFni.iN. February 3. Fred. Carl Is a candi
date for the new German Parliament,
Mall to Pekln.
St. I'KTEKsnrRo, February 3. A direct, mall
tins been established between tnls city and
l'eklu, China. The time required Id forly.elght
days.
Kxploslon In Paragnay.
IjOnpon, February 3. Advloes have been re.
ceiveU of a terrible explosion In Iarany.
Month America, accoinpuntud wllh a great loss
of lile. ,
Riot at Le Nord.
Paris, February 8. Serious labor riot have
occurred in the department of Ie Nord. near
I. Hie. The troops were called upon to qtiidl tha
disturbance, and in the disc-hurgo of their duty
sevcrul of tho rioters were killed.
Movements of Commodore McVlckar.
Paris, February 2 Evening. Commodore
McVtcknr, ot the New Vo k Vacht Club, sailed
tor New York on the outward-bound French
steamer to-day.
Commercial aud Financial Intelligence,
I.lAKKPOob, February 4 Noon. Cotton opens
heavy, nnd Inactive. Salea to-day will not ex
ceed ikhk) balPH. Notwithstanding this Inac
tivity, Middling Uplands are uucbauged at
llVld.
l,ONi)or, February A Noon. Illinois Central
rtuilroud advanced and Is quoted at. 81. Erie
llallroad higher, and quoted nl 3l)'g. United
States 5--Jo-slightly declined, the ruliug lluro
at the onenliiir was 11 13-10.
Consols for money uncliangca at u u-io.
The Name of the Informer. .
New York. February 4. Tho Commercial'
special despatch says the person who wrote tho
letter concerning Mr. money is tiameu
MeCrackeu. :a relative of .Charles O Conor, of
New York.
Ihe prospects of ttie nnssasre of tne liannrupt
bill are Rood. Tho Tariff bill can hardly pass
the House. It Is doutdful wtietiier too present
Couijress will legislate on the currency.
Latest Markets by Telegraph.
Xtw York . February 4. Cotton auiet at 33c.
Flour bus advanced ofalOc.; tVU0 barrels sold:
Miate, S!iT.iriill o; Ohio, lltfll.T36; Western, lMo
tit'l-on; oum''iu, cii kihi iiv. ijumi. owiuj ,
Com linn, but quiet; other tci'tilus quiet, fleef
quiet and unchanged. Dressed Hogs lower;
utili'M nr. llUVrflO-'' u.v Vfm.rm anil llPd. for
theru, Slrttwitl-nu. Wheat steady.
City. Pork quiet; mess, J20 U2' old, J19 31;
prime. lotlj3l7. l.nrd dull at llv(j13g0.
Whisky dull.
New York, February 4. Stocks strong. Chi
cago and Hock Island, fJSJi; Heading, lOoi;
Cantou, 41!v. Krie, 5'J'v. Cleveland and Toledo,
l!20;j; Cleveland und Pittsburg. Cntoago,
Fort Wayne, and Pittsburg, 99; Miclilitaa
Central, 107Ji; Michigan Southern, 73; New
York Central, lOOlft Illinois Central Scrip, 1144;
Cumberland preferred, 37; Virginia tis, 55; Miw
sourl s, 9-; Hudson Ktver, 130: 5-20 of 18i'2,
107,v, do. l.Vi3, ltW; do. 1851, im; do. 115, 101:
10-4118, 1D0-, 7-30s, 10j; Sterling Exonange, 10S; at
sight, lWli; CJold, 130; Money at 7 per cent.
OBITUARY.
Pliny Merrick.
The death of this gentleman took plane ou
Friday last, at his residence in Boston, from
paralysis. The deceased whs a native of Brook
held, Massachusetts, and was born on the 2d of
August, 1794. He Graduated in 1814 at Harvard
College, in the same class with Presoott, the
blstoilan, and James Walker, and after leaving
eollcge studied law under Governor Lincoln, of
Worcester.
He was admitted to lh bar In 1817. and for
the ensuing seven years practised hit profession
at the towns of Swunzey and Taunton. At the
expiration ot tbat time be removed to Worces
ter, where he soon obtained an enviable reputa
tion for legal ability, aud was county and dis
trict attorney aud legal representative ot Wor
cester In the General Court for many years. In
1843 Mr. Merrick became one of toe Judges of
the Court of Common Pleas, which position he
resigned in 1840, after hoidiue it for six years
to tho general satisfaction ot the public aud
the bar.
For two years afterwards he devoted his time
to the piactice of his pioiesion, and in so doing
became the senior counsellor the defense ot
Professor Webster, cba-ued with the murder of
Dr. Park man. In 1851 Judge Merrick was again
appointed to a judgeship ot the Common Pleas,
and this position be held until 1855, when he
wa appointed a Judge of the Supreme Court, to
succeed Mr. Caleb dishing. In 1864 an attack
ot psralvsis necessitated the resignation of bis
seat oa the benca, tdnce when he has lived in
retirement.
As a politician, Judge Merrick was a strong
Democrat, and was elected to both branches of
the Legislature by his party several times. He
was a man of fine intellect and large informa
tion, and was considered one of the ablest legal
minds tn the State. He was married in 1821 to
Mary, daughter of Isaiah Thomas, and eister of
h. F. Tboma". A few years ago his wife dled
leaving no children.
James Smith,
The Glasgow Htrald, of a recent date, an
nounces the death of Mr. James Smith, of Jor
dun Hill, In the 85th yeur of his age. The de
ceased first became known to tho public as the
author of the "Voyaae and Shipwreck of 8t
Paul," a woik which created some notice on its
appearance. Iu later years ho earned a repu
tation among scientific men for his valuable
contributions to geology, as well as for bis
varied scientific acquirements.
FROM MEXICO.
Movements of Juarez-Ills Advance on
he Capital Ortega, the Pretended
President, Positively a Prisoner,
Nkw Oklean8, February 3. A headquar
ters correspondent with Juarez, under date of
Dtuango. 14th ult., says the Government leaves
this morning for Zacarecati. It will advance
towards tbe capital at the rate ot fifteen loagues
per day, halting three days at each State
capital.
Four hundred troops remain at Durango.
General Aranda marches out on the 16th with
his forces.
General President Ortega is positively a pri
soner. r
Seuor Mejia, bearer of despatches to Seuor
Romero, at Washington, remains at Galveston
to attend to the shipment of a consignment of
Whitworth rifles, and other munitions of war
which had arrived there. His desp itches were
brought uye by Major Nash. Chief Commissary
of the sub-division of Ihe Klo Grande, aud sent
forward by mail to Washington.
PENNSYLVANIA
FIVE PER CENT. LOAN.
The highest price will be paid for the past due FIVE
PER CENT. LOAN of the State or Pennsylvania,
apply to '
JAY COOKE t CO.,
2 4 It M. 114 Benta THIRD Street.